Robotics deals with the design, construction, operation and application of robots. It requires knowledge of physics, mathematics, mechanical engineering, electronic engineering and computer science. A robot is defined as a programmable mechanical device that uses sensors to guide end-effectors through motions to manipulate objects. Robots must have sensing, movement, an energy source and intelligence through programming in order to function. They are used widely in industries like vehicle manufacturing, food production and medical surgery due to their precision, strength and ability to work in hazardous environments unsuitable for humans.

1. What is Robotics?
• Robotics is the branch of technology
that deals with the design, construction,
operation, and application of robots.
Whenever designing and developing a
robot you will need the knowledge of
Physic, Mathematics, Mechanical
Engineering , Electronic Engineering,
Computer Science specially A.I and
particularly the knowledge of Biological
system

2. Robotics
What is Robot?
 Definition 1:
a robot is a software-controllable mechanical
device that uses sensors to guide one or more end-
effectors through programmed motions in a
workspace in order to manipulate physical objects.
OR
 Definition 2:
Specialized devices through various programmed
motions for the performance of a variety of tasks

3. The Characteristics of Robot
There are four essential characteristics of Robot
 Sensing
First of all your robot would have to be able to sense its
surroundings. It would do this in ways that are similar
to the way that you sense your surroundings. Giving
your robot sensors: light sensors (eyes), touch and
pressure sensors (hands), chemical
sensors (nose), hearing and sonar sensors (ears), and
taste sensors (tongue) will give your robot awareness
of its environment.
Robotics

4. The Characteristics of Robot
 Movement
A robot needs to be able to move
around its environment. Whether
rolling on wheels, walking on legs
or propelling by thrusters a robot
needs to be able to move. To count
as a robot either the whole robot
moves or just parts of the robot
moves
Robotics

5. The Characteristics of Robot
 Energy
A robot needs to be able to power itself. A robot might be
solar powered, electrically powered, battery powered. The
way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your
robot needs to do.
 Intelligence
A robot needs some kind of "smarts." This is where
programming enters the pictures. A programmer is the
person who gives the robot its 'smarts.' The robot will have
to have some way to receive the program so that it knows
what it is to do.
Robotics

6. Laws of Robot
 Law One:
A robot may not injure a human being or through
inaction allow a human being to come to harm.
 Law Two:
A robot must obey the orders given it by human
beings, except where such orders would conflict with
the First Law.
 Law Three:
A robot must protect its own existence, as long as such
protection does not conflict with the First or Second
Laws.
Robotics

7. First Robot of the World
 These were the first robots. The
robot's name was Elektro and his
dog's name was Sparko. They
appeared at the New York World's
Fair in 1939. While plugged in,
Elektro could say 77 words and
move backwards and forwards.
Robotics

8. Robotics
Types of Robot (w.r.t) moment
Mainly there are two types of robot
 Fixed Robot or Manipulator
The robots which are fixed on a
specific point and moving around
that point is called fixed Robot or
manipulators. Mostly these types
of Robot use in industries

9. Robotics
Types of Robot (w.r.t) moment
 Mobile Robot
The robots which are freely
move from one location to
another location are called
Mobile Robots. Mostly such a
types of Robots are used for
houses working like gross
cutting and washroom cleaning

10. Classification Of Robots
 Industrial Robots:
A type of robots capable of performing industrial
production processes. Such processes includes: welding,
assembly, machine loading and unloading, painting and
sheep shearing etc.
 Personal Robots:
General-purpose rather than highly specialized
industrial robots. Much more humanoid in shape and
ability than most industrial robots.
 Military Robots:
Also known as autonomous vehicles. An example is a
cruise missile. They have sensing capacities designed to
interpret their environment.
Robotics

11. Robotics
Military Robot Personal Robot Industrial Robot

12. Robotics
Comparison of Robot with Human being
 Machines do not breath:
Robots have no breath so it is suitable for
work in such a environment where need of
oxygen like work in different planets, work
in seabed exploration, for human being
these tasks are difficult.
 Machines (Robots) works in poisonous
materials:
Whenever human being work with
poisonous material, faced with different
types of disease, for example work in
chemical laboratories, so it is danger for
human health, another example is working
with uranium in nuclear reactors, it is very
harmful. For such a types of activities,
robots are best choice.

13.  Machines (Robots) are stronger then Human:
Robots are stronger then human being it gives high performance because
Robots can work for 24 hours while human can get tired. Human can bored
from repetitive work. If there is strictness it effect the performance of human
while Robot can works in any type of environment
 Robots are precise while human not
human being are not consistent in his work because hum can have a lot of
problems for examples problems related to his body, family problems,
environment problems, so these problem can effect human activities while
Robots are free from such problems and can perform his jobs precisely and
smoothly
 Availability of Robot and Human
Human being not available all the time but Machine (Robot) is available any
time because there is no breaks, no off days and no leave
Robotics

14. Robotics
Robot use in seabed exploration

15. Robotics
Robot used in Nuclear power plan

16. Robotics
What are the uses of Robot
 Vehicle and car factories
mostly the robots are use in vehicles factories for moving
heavy parts like engine from one location another location.
It is also for assembling different parts of vehicles, spring,
painting vehicle precisely and welding of different parts
etc. Robots increase the productivity.
 Highways
the highways are the most important source of
communication. Developed countries expend a lot of
money on highways. So robots play very important role
regarding highways, like road level, pressing road surface
and tunnels

17. Robotics
Robot use in highways Robot use in vehicle welding

18. Robotics
 Medical field
the robots play an important role in medical field
especially in surgery. Surgeons are performing robotic-
assisted surgeries. For example the brain surgery

19. Robotics
 Food companies
the robots are used in food companies like products
assembling, products packing, products sealing and
products shifting from one location to another. For
example robots are used in Lays company, Nestle etc.
most tasks performed by the robots

20. Robotics
Robot use in food company

21. Robotics
 Danger Places
The robots are best candidates where from human
being working is dangerous even impossible, for
example, working in nuclear leaks, cleaning of nuclear
reactors, working in high temperature, working with
bomb disposal and land mine detection,