Presentation by Professor Peter Atkinson of Lancaster University of Zimbabwe at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Tsetse, trypanosomiasis and communities in transition: investigations into he...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Neil Anderson of the University of Edinburgh at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Patches, Tsetse and Livelihoods in the Zambezi Valley, ZimbabweNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Vupenyu Dzingirai of the University of Zimbabwe at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Ranavirus could speed up extinction for the endangered Mississippi gopher frogmgray11
Ranavirus poses an extinction risk to the endangered Dusky Gopher Frog. Population models show the frog could go extinct within 15 years if adults are exposed to Ranavirus every 5 years. Maintaining the permanent hydroperiod of the frog's breeding pond and supplemental rearing prevents extinction, even with Ranavirus present. However, interactions with other stressors could increase extinction risk, requiring continued monitoring and conservation efforts.
Irrigation and the risk of Rift Valley fever transmission - a case study from...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Bernard Bett of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Talk delivered at the annual meeting of the Canadian Society for Ecology and Evolution in St. John's Newfoundland, July 2016
Website: www.malexsmith.com
Twitter: @Alex_Smith_Ants
The document discusses how increasing ecotourism is impacting marine iguana populations in the Galapagos Islands. The researcher is measuring various physiological and reproductive indicators in iguanas from tourist and non-tourist sites. Preliminary results show that iguanas at tourist sites have an increased stress response, decreased wound healing ability, and smaller clutch sizes. Similar impacts are seen in urban lizard populations compared to rural ones. The researcher aims to determine if these physiological changes translate to effects on populations and what factors make populations more susceptible to impacts from human disturbance.
This document summarizes some of the work done by James Trostle and collaborators on a long-term study of environmental change, social dynamics, and infectious disease transmission in rural coastal Ecuador. The study uses a mixed methods approach, combining epidemiological surveillance, microbiological analysis, social network analysis, ethnography and mathematical modeling across multiple villages that vary in remoteness and access to roads. Some key findings discussed are that remoteness influences pathogen prevalence, with more remote villages having lower rates of disease. Social networks, which also vary with remoteness, impact disease transmission. The relationship between rainfall, water flows, and diarrhea is complex and context-dependent. Ongoing work aims to better understand how social and hydrological dynamics interact
This document contains 24 references used in a capstone paper about restoring wolves to Colorado. The thesis argues that restoring wolves would benefit Colorado's ecosystem and economy. Some key points made in the paper include that wolves kill very few livestock, proven non-lethal strategies can reduce depredations, tourism related to wolves generates over $35 million annually in Yellowstone, and Colorado has suitable habitat and a prey base to support a wolf population. The document concludes Colorado should restore wolves to their historic range for ecological and economic reasons.
Tsetse, trypanosomiasis and communities in transition: investigations into he...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Neil Anderson of the University of Edinburgh at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Patches, Tsetse and Livelihoods in the Zambezi Valley, ZimbabweNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Vupenyu Dzingirai of the University of Zimbabwe at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Ranavirus could speed up extinction for the endangered Mississippi gopher frogmgray11
Ranavirus poses an extinction risk to the endangered Dusky Gopher Frog. Population models show the frog could go extinct within 15 years if adults are exposed to Ranavirus every 5 years. Maintaining the permanent hydroperiod of the frog's breeding pond and supplemental rearing prevents extinction, even with Ranavirus present. However, interactions with other stressors could increase extinction risk, requiring continued monitoring and conservation efforts.
Irrigation and the risk of Rift Valley fever transmission - a case study from...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Bernard Bett of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Talk delivered at the annual meeting of the Canadian Society for Ecology and Evolution in St. John's Newfoundland, July 2016
Website: www.malexsmith.com
Twitter: @Alex_Smith_Ants
The document discusses how increasing ecotourism is impacting marine iguana populations in the Galapagos Islands. The researcher is measuring various physiological and reproductive indicators in iguanas from tourist and non-tourist sites. Preliminary results show that iguanas at tourist sites have an increased stress response, decreased wound healing ability, and smaller clutch sizes. Similar impacts are seen in urban lizard populations compared to rural ones. The researcher aims to determine if these physiological changes translate to effects on populations and what factors make populations more susceptible to impacts from human disturbance.
This document summarizes some of the work done by James Trostle and collaborators on a long-term study of environmental change, social dynamics, and infectious disease transmission in rural coastal Ecuador. The study uses a mixed methods approach, combining epidemiological surveillance, microbiological analysis, social network analysis, ethnography and mathematical modeling across multiple villages that vary in remoteness and access to roads. Some key findings discussed are that remoteness influences pathogen prevalence, with more remote villages having lower rates of disease. Social networks, which also vary with remoteness, impact disease transmission. The relationship between rainfall, water flows, and diarrhea is complex and context-dependent. Ongoing work aims to better understand how social and hydrological dynamics interact
This document contains 24 references used in a capstone paper about restoring wolves to Colorado. The thesis argues that restoring wolves would benefit Colorado's ecosystem and economy. Some key points made in the paper include that wolves kill very few livestock, proven non-lethal strategies can reduce depredations, tourism related to wolves generates over $35 million annually in Yellowstone, and Colorado has suitable habitat and a prey base to support a wolf population. The document concludes Colorado should restore wolves to their historic range for ecological and economic reasons.
This document discusses how environmental change can affect ecosystems through population changes, physical factors, habitat change, and human impacts. It defines key population characteristics like geographic distribution, population density, and population growth rate, and explains how physical changes can cause populations to migrate, adapt, or potentially go extinct if unable to adjust to changes. Human activities like habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, and climate change are highlighted as major drivers of environmental change impacting ecosystems.
1. The document discusses how extreme climate events like droughts and floods are becoming more common and impactful.
2. It presents a simulation model to study the eco-evolutionary responses of populations to increasing climate trends and variability, as well as more frequent extreme events.
3. The model examines how these factors influence population extinction risk and genetic adaptation over time.
Through the use of acoustic telemetry, researchers tracked 8 green sea turtles in Akumal Bay, Mexico. They found that the turtles' presence decreased drastically between 8am-3pm each day, likely due to high tourist activity during those hours. A linear regression analysis showed the turtles' movements could be predicted 86% based on time of day. The study aims to help inform future conservation efforts by further analyzing correlations between turtle movements and tourist numbers.
Presentatioin on have human actions changed the course of evolutionRaunak Roy
Human actions have changed the course of evolution in both positive and negative ways. On the one hand, agriculture and introduction of new plant species have led to an increase in biodiversity in some areas. However, human activities have also facilitated the establishment of invasive species worldwide. Additionally, noise pollution and urbanization present new selective pressures that many species have adapted to through evolutionary changes, such as songbirds raising the frequency of songs. While human impacts have negatively affected many species, evolution occurring in response to anthropogenic factors is simply a natural process without inherent morality.
This document defines key concepts in population ecology including species, populations, communities, density, dispersion, demography, immigration, emigration, and carrying capacity. It describes patterns of dispersion as clumped, uniform, or random and the two main patterns of population growth as exponential/J-shaped or logistic/S-shaped. Exponential growth is characterized by a lag phase, exponential growth phase, and decline, while logistic growth includes lag, exponential, deceleration, and equilibrium phases limited by carrying capacity. Survivorship curves are classified as Type I, II, or III based on mortality rates at different ages.
Populaiton growth and carrying capacity cer (no do now)davomac99
Population growth follows either a linear or exponential pattern. Linear growth sees population increase by the same number each year, while exponential growth causes the population to increase at an accelerating rate over time. All populations are limited by their environment's carrying capacity, which is the maximum population size the available resources can sustain. As human population has exceeded Earth's carrying capacity, factors like disease, starvation, pollution and climate change are expected to cause human numbers to decline back towards that limit.
This document discusses various population characteristics and dynamics. It defines a population as a group of the same species living together in a region. Population ecology studies populations and their interactions with the environment. Key population characteristics include density, natality, mortality, growth forms, and distribution. Density refers to the number of individuals per unit area or volume. Natality is birth rate and mortality is death rate. Other concepts covered include survivorship curves, dispersion patterns, age structure through age pyramids, and population dispersal through emigration, immigration, and migration.
1) The document discusses using spatial population models to examine the effects of space on growth, genetic diversity, and weather extremes in marble trout populations.
2) The models found that physical barriers influence growth rates and genetic structure develops rapidly after fragmentation.
3) Analysis of stream discharge data using generalized extreme value distributions found non-homogeneous trends in extremes and the next step is examining spatial correlation between locations.
Population ecology grade 11 (life-sciences)Phuti Lamola
This document defines important terminology used in population ecology, including density, natality, mortality, immigration, and emigration. It describes three characteristics of populations: geographic distribution, density, and growth rate. Three factors that affect population size are identified as birth rate, death rate, and the number of individuals entering or leaving the population. The document explains that population growth occurs when births exceed deaths and population decline occurs when deaths exceed births. It also defines immigration and describes two modes of population growth: exponential and logistic.
This document discusses populations, communities, and ecosystems. It defines a population as all organisms of the same species living together in an ecosystem. A community is all the populations in an area that interact, and an ecosystem includes both the living and nonliving parts of the environment that a community inhabits. Populations are influenced by biotic factors like other organisms and abiotic factors such as temperature. Population size, density, births and deaths, immigration and emigration all impact population dynamics over time. Limiting factors and carrying capacity regulate population growth. Relationships like predator-prey, parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism connect populations within a community ecosystem.
The document discusses key concepts about population dynamics including:
- The three key features of populations are size, density, and dispersion. Population size is measured by the number of individuals, density measures the number of individuals per unit area, and dispersion describes how individuals are spaced relative to each other.
- Population growth is determined by birth rate and death rate. Many factors can influence population growth rates including limiting factors, carrying capacity, and life history patterns that influence reproduction and parental care.
- Human populations have grown exponentially over time but will eventually reach carrying capacity and follow a logistic growth pattern.
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like density, distribution, age structure and population size. A population is a group of the same species living in the same area. Dispersion patterns include clumped, uniform, and random. Population growth can be logistic/S-shaped or exponential/J-shaped. Within an ecosystem, population growth is influenced by intrinsic rate of growth but also limited by resources and predation.
Can patterns of ranavirus emergence be used to assess conservation threat?mgray11
This document discusses patterns of ranavirus emergence in amphibian populations and the threats they pose to conservation. It summarizes evidence that some populations experience persistent disease emergence and population declines over 80%, while others experience temporary emergence that does not result in long-term impacts. The document also discusses evidence that amphibians may be evolving responses to ranavirus, such as changes in sexual selection and immune gene diversity, but that novel ranavirus strains in Europe pose a serious threat due to lack of coevolution. Overall, the document examines how ranavirus emergence patterns can help assess threats to amphibian species conservation.
Evaluating the impacts of the development of irrigation schemes in arid and s...ILRI
Poster by B. Bett, M. Said, I. Njeru, S. Kifugo, J. Gachohi, R. Sang, S. Bukachi and D. Grace presented at the Epidemics4 conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 19-22 November 2013.
This document discusses population ecology and how populations change over time. It uses the example of sea otters, kelp forests, and sea urchins to demonstrate how their populations interact. When sea otters were hunted, the sea urchin population increased and kelp decreased, but reintroducing sea otters caused the reverse effect. Population characteristics like density, growth rate, and geographic distribution are influenced by many factors and impact ecosystems. Population growth can be exponential at first but levels off into a logistic curve as resources become limited.
Campbell, Quantifying uncertainty in ecology: Examples from small watershed s...questRCN
This document summarizes a presentation on quantifying uncertainty in small watershed studies. It discusses sources of uncertainty such as precipitation interpolation methods, chemical analyses, watershed area calculations, and gaps in streamflow data. It also describes using a Monte Carlo approach to quantify overall uncertainty and presents an example showing calcium flux estimates for two watersheds with associated uncertainty ranges. The goal is to improve understanding and use of uncertainty analyses in ecosystem studies.
This document discusses key concepts related to population dynamics including population, overpopulation, underpopulation, population distribution, factors affecting population change, and sustainable development. It defines key terms and provides examples to illustrate population density is highest in the riverine plains of Asia due to abundant resources, while arid, mountainous, and forested regions tend to have lower population density due to environmental challenges. Both overpopulation and underpopulation can have negative economic and social impacts.
1) The document proposes a research project to study the rapid evolutionary responses of marble trout populations to climate change and intensifying weather extremes using an integrated approach combining genetics and evolutionary modeling.
2) The research will analyze genetic data and field data on 10 isolated marble trout populations over time to study adaptive divergence and evolution, and will develop an eco-evolutionary model to predict the impacts of climate change and weather extremes on population persistence and traits.
3) The project aims to provide a novel integrated methodology for predicting how natural populations will respond to intensifying weather extremes due to climate change and inform conservation of the marble trout populations.
Domestic extensions: the bushmeat ban and the social realities of hunting and...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Ann Kelly of the University of Exeter/King's College London, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, at the Zoological Society of London, 17-18 March, 2016
One Health networks - why should we bother?Naomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Victor Galaz of the Stockholm Resilience Institute at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, 17-18 March 2016.
This document discusses how environmental change can affect ecosystems through population changes, physical factors, habitat change, and human impacts. It defines key population characteristics like geographic distribution, population density, and population growth rate, and explains how physical changes can cause populations to migrate, adapt, or potentially go extinct if unable to adjust to changes. Human activities like habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, and climate change are highlighted as major drivers of environmental change impacting ecosystems.
1. The document discusses how extreme climate events like droughts and floods are becoming more common and impactful.
2. It presents a simulation model to study the eco-evolutionary responses of populations to increasing climate trends and variability, as well as more frequent extreme events.
3. The model examines how these factors influence population extinction risk and genetic adaptation over time.
Through the use of acoustic telemetry, researchers tracked 8 green sea turtles in Akumal Bay, Mexico. They found that the turtles' presence decreased drastically between 8am-3pm each day, likely due to high tourist activity during those hours. A linear regression analysis showed the turtles' movements could be predicted 86% based on time of day. The study aims to help inform future conservation efforts by further analyzing correlations between turtle movements and tourist numbers.
Presentatioin on have human actions changed the course of evolutionRaunak Roy
Human actions have changed the course of evolution in both positive and negative ways. On the one hand, agriculture and introduction of new plant species have led to an increase in biodiversity in some areas. However, human activities have also facilitated the establishment of invasive species worldwide. Additionally, noise pollution and urbanization present new selective pressures that many species have adapted to through evolutionary changes, such as songbirds raising the frequency of songs. While human impacts have negatively affected many species, evolution occurring in response to anthropogenic factors is simply a natural process without inherent morality.
This document defines key concepts in population ecology including species, populations, communities, density, dispersion, demography, immigration, emigration, and carrying capacity. It describes patterns of dispersion as clumped, uniform, or random and the two main patterns of population growth as exponential/J-shaped or logistic/S-shaped. Exponential growth is characterized by a lag phase, exponential growth phase, and decline, while logistic growth includes lag, exponential, deceleration, and equilibrium phases limited by carrying capacity. Survivorship curves are classified as Type I, II, or III based on mortality rates at different ages.
Populaiton growth and carrying capacity cer (no do now)davomac99
Population growth follows either a linear or exponential pattern. Linear growth sees population increase by the same number each year, while exponential growth causes the population to increase at an accelerating rate over time. All populations are limited by their environment's carrying capacity, which is the maximum population size the available resources can sustain. As human population has exceeded Earth's carrying capacity, factors like disease, starvation, pollution and climate change are expected to cause human numbers to decline back towards that limit.
This document discusses various population characteristics and dynamics. It defines a population as a group of the same species living together in a region. Population ecology studies populations and their interactions with the environment. Key population characteristics include density, natality, mortality, growth forms, and distribution. Density refers to the number of individuals per unit area or volume. Natality is birth rate and mortality is death rate. Other concepts covered include survivorship curves, dispersion patterns, age structure through age pyramids, and population dispersal through emigration, immigration, and migration.
1) The document discusses using spatial population models to examine the effects of space on growth, genetic diversity, and weather extremes in marble trout populations.
2) The models found that physical barriers influence growth rates and genetic structure develops rapidly after fragmentation.
3) Analysis of stream discharge data using generalized extreme value distributions found non-homogeneous trends in extremes and the next step is examining spatial correlation between locations.
Population ecology grade 11 (life-sciences)Phuti Lamola
This document defines important terminology used in population ecology, including density, natality, mortality, immigration, and emigration. It describes three characteristics of populations: geographic distribution, density, and growth rate. Three factors that affect population size are identified as birth rate, death rate, and the number of individuals entering or leaving the population. The document explains that population growth occurs when births exceed deaths and population decline occurs when deaths exceed births. It also defines immigration and describes two modes of population growth: exponential and logistic.
This document discusses populations, communities, and ecosystems. It defines a population as all organisms of the same species living together in an ecosystem. A community is all the populations in an area that interact, and an ecosystem includes both the living and nonliving parts of the environment that a community inhabits. Populations are influenced by biotic factors like other organisms and abiotic factors such as temperature. Population size, density, births and deaths, immigration and emigration all impact population dynamics over time. Limiting factors and carrying capacity regulate population growth. Relationships like predator-prey, parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism connect populations within a community ecosystem.
The document discusses key concepts about population dynamics including:
- The three key features of populations are size, density, and dispersion. Population size is measured by the number of individuals, density measures the number of individuals per unit area, and dispersion describes how individuals are spaced relative to each other.
- Population growth is determined by birth rate and death rate. Many factors can influence population growth rates including limiting factors, carrying capacity, and life history patterns that influence reproduction and parental care.
- Human populations have grown exponentially over time but will eventually reach carrying capacity and follow a logistic growth pattern.
Population ecology is the study of populations in relation to their environment. It examines factors like density, distribution, age structure and population size. A population is a group of the same species living in the same area. Dispersion patterns include clumped, uniform, and random. Population growth can be logistic/S-shaped or exponential/J-shaped. Within an ecosystem, population growth is influenced by intrinsic rate of growth but also limited by resources and predation.
Can patterns of ranavirus emergence be used to assess conservation threat?mgray11
This document discusses patterns of ranavirus emergence in amphibian populations and the threats they pose to conservation. It summarizes evidence that some populations experience persistent disease emergence and population declines over 80%, while others experience temporary emergence that does not result in long-term impacts. The document also discusses evidence that amphibians may be evolving responses to ranavirus, such as changes in sexual selection and immune gene diversity, but that novel ranavirus strains in Europe pose a serious threat due to lack of coevolution. Overall, the document examines how ranavirus emergence patterns can help assess threats to amphibian species conservation.
Evaluating the impacts of the development of irrigation schemes in arid and s...ILRI
Poster by B. Bett, M. Said, I. Njeru, S. Kifugo, J. Gachohi, R. Sang, S. Bukachi and D. Grace presented at the Epidemics4 conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 19-22 November 2013.
This document discusses population ecology and how populations change over time. It uses the example of sea otters, kelp forests, and sea urchins to demonstrate how their populations interact. When sea otters were hunted, the sea urchin population increased and kelp decreased, but reintroducing sea otters caused the reverse effect. Population characteristics like density, growth rate, and geographic distribution are influenced by many factors and impact ecosystems. Population growth can be exponential at first but levels off into a logistic curve as resources become limited.
Campbell, Quantifying uncertainty in ecology: Examples from small watershed s...questRCN
This document summarizes a presentation on quantifying uncertainty in small watershed studies. It discusses sources of uncertainty such as precipitation interpolation methods, chemical analyses, watershed area calculations, and gaps in streamflow data. It also describes using a Monte Carlo approach to quantify overall uncertainty and presents an example showing calcium flux estimates for two watersheds with associated uncertainty ranges. The goal is to improve understanding and use of uncertainty analyses in ecosystem studies.
This document discusses key concepts related to population dynamics including population, overpopulation, underpopulation, population distribution, factors affecting population change, and sustainable development. It defines key terms and provides examples to illustrate population density is highest in the riverine plains of Asia due to abundant resources, while arid, mountainous, and forested regions tend to have lower population density due to environmental challenges. Both overpopulation and underpopulation can have negative economic and social impacts.
1) The document proposes a research project to study the rapid evolutionary responses of marble trout populations to climate change and intensifying weather extremes using an integrated approach combining genetics and evolutionary modeling.
2) The research will analyze genetic data and field data on 10 isolated marble trout populations over time to study adaptive divergence and evolution, and will develop an eco-evolutionary model to predict the impacts of climate change and weather extremes on population persistence and traits.
3) The project aims to provide a novel integrated methodology for predicting how natural populations will respond to intensifying weather extremes due to climate change and inform conservation of the marble trout populations.
Domestic extensions: the bushmeat ban and the social realities of hunting and...Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Ann Kelly of the University of Exeter/King's College London, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, at the Zoological Society of London, 17-18 March, 2016
One Health networks - why should we bother?Naomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Victor Galaz of the Stockholm Resilience Institute at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, 17-18 March 2016.
Beyond risk factors: untangling power and politics in zoonisis controlNaomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Kevin Bardosh of the University of Edinburgh at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, 17-18 March 2016.
Social dimensions of zoonoses in interdisciplinary researchNaomi Marks
This document summarizes Dr. Hayley MacGregor's research on the social dimensions of zoonoses (diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans) in emerging livestock systems. It discusses two key areas: 1) how cultural and social practices influence zoonotic risk, and 2) the relationship between humans and animals. For area 1, it describes how factors like intensification of production, supply chains, processing practices, markets and consumer demand can drive zoonotic risk. For area 2, it discusses how human-animal relations blur traditional categories, and how the health of humans and animals is interdependent.
Agricultural intensification and Nipah virus emergenceNaomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Jonathan Epstein, EcoHealth Alliance, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
One Health for the Real World: partnerships and pragmatismNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Sarah Cleaveland of the University of Glasgow at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
The FAO/OIE/WHO Tripartite: an institutional void?Naomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Jan Slingenbergh, independent One Health policy adviser, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Framing zoonoses: from single diseases to systemic challengesNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor David Waltner-Toews of Veterinarians without Borders, Canada, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
A critical social analysis of poverty and zoonotic disease riskNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Jo Sharp of the University of Glasgow at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
A unified framework for the infection dynamics of zoonotic spillover and spreadNaomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Gianni Lo Iacono of Public Health England at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Understanding zoonotic impacts: the added value from One Health approachesNaomi Marks
This document discusses the benefits of mass vaccination programs for animal diseases that can infect humans (zoonoses).
It first presents data showing that mass vaccinating 25 million livestock animals in Mongolia against brucellosis would provide over $30 million in total societal benefits, including public health benefits, private health benefits, reduced household income loss, and agricultural benefits.
It then uses a mathematical model to show that mass dog vaccination is less costly than human post-exposure prophylaxis for controlling rabies transmission between dogs and humans.
Finally, it references a study that found an approach combining dog and human vaccination for rabies control in N'Djaména to be more cost-effective than human
Investigating the spatial epidemiology of zoonotic viral haemorrhagic feversNaomi Marks
This document discusses investigating the spatial epidemiology of zoonotic viral haemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola. It examines using species distribution models to spatially assess the potential for animal transmission of diseases like Ebola to humans. It also examines using these models to spatially assess how diseases spread through human populations after initial transmission. The document outlines how boosted regression trees can be used to model disease suitability based on environmental correlates and make predictions about potential risk areas. It concludes by discussing the need to better understand disease dynamics in animal reservoirs and human exposure risk to predict spillover events.
Presentation by Professor Neil Ferguson of Imperial College London at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
A mathematical model for Rift Valley fever transmission dynamicsNaomi Marks
Presentation by Dr Bernard Bett of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Presentation by Dr Lina Moses of Tulane University at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Human-bat interactions and diseases: transmission risks in GhanaNaomi Marks
Presentation by Professor Yaa Ntiamoa-Baidu of the University of Ghana at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Keynote presentation by Dr Delia Grace of the International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
The Real World: One Health - zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeingNaomi Marks
Opening keynote presentation by Professor Jeremy Farrar, Director, Wellcome Trust, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Pre-empting the emergence of zoonoses by understanding their socio-ecologyNaomi Marks
Keynote presentation by Dr Peter Daqszak, President, EcoHealth Alliance, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
Motivation, culture and health in a socio-ecological system in AfricaNaomi Marks
Keynote presentation by Professor Bassirou Bonfoh, Director-General, Swiss Centre for Scientific Research (CSRS), Côte d'Ivoire, at the One Health for the Real World: zoonoses, ecosystems and wellbeing symposium, London 17-18 March 2016
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
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9. The Situa1on in Luangwa Valley
• In terms of the DDDAC project, the focus is how popula1on movements
down (i.e., northwards) into the Luangwa Valley may lead to:
– Increases in popula1on density
– Increases in the area of seSled or farmed land, and reduced natural land
– Proximity to tsetse areas (including proximity to the SLNP)
• With regard to the laSer, we need to think about how people interact
with tsetse dense areas (primarily along the boundary – landscape
ecology)
• People need to enter the tsetse dense areas due to the need to access
ecosystem provisioning services (i.e., resources)
– A good example is the need to get water for caSle and for humans. This may
mean accessing streams by walking through, e.g., tsetse dense woodland and
bush.
– For local, especially poor, communi1es there may be not much choice about
this. There are some wells, but not everywhere.
13. An Alterna1ve Approach…
• Agent-Based Modelling
“An agent-based model (ABM) is one of a class of
computa1onal models for simula1ng the ac1ons and
interac1ons of autonomous agents (e.g. individuals)
with a view to assessing their effects on the system
as a whole.”
13
21. Discussion
• From a complexity science perspec1ve cau1on is advised!
– Challenging to know if the model is plausible
– U1lity depends on the purpose
– Computa1onally demanding
• Such a rich model has a mul1tude of applica1ons
– Impacts of historical land cover change (RS study)
– Impacts of future possible land cover changes on different tribes
– Other management interven1ons that lie between environment, health and poverty
– Generalisa1on to determine what informa1on is required and what inference is possible in
the inverse sense
• A real tool for real world problems, but only one tool
• Alterna1ve integra1ve and complementary approaches...