This document discusses African-centered education and African languages in South Africa's education system post-apartheid. It provides historical context on how English and Afrikaans became the official languages in South Africa since the Union in 1910, marginalizing African languages. While the post-1994 government aims for multilingualism, in practice English and Afrikaans remain dominant in education. The document argues that for true transformation, African languages and culture must be central to curriculum and education. It discusses proposals for universities to require African language proficiency and debates around making this a policy. Overall it examines ongoing challenges in realizing the constitutional mandate for equal treatment and promotion of all South Africa's languages.
The document provides information about an English course for 6th year secondary students in Argentina. It includes details about the class such as meeting times, available technology resources, and a diagnosis of the 25 female students who are at an upper-intermediate to advanced English level. The focus of the course will be on reading comprehension and topics that stem from the texts. One planned activity will focus on the history of South Africa during and after the apartheid era, exploring the country's geography, languages, culture and human rights issues through readings, debate, and the film Invictus. The overall goal is to have students investigate and discuss life in South Africa during different time periods through English-only class activities.
This document provides a history of language policy in South Africa from the colonial era to the post-apartheid constitution. It discusses how under apartheid, Afrikaans and English were promoted through the education system while indigenous African languages were marginalized. The current constitution recognizes 11 official languages and 26 other languages to promote multilingualism. However, in practice English dominates the public sphere. The document examines the challenges in implementing language policies that balance linguistic rights while promoting the use of underutilized official languages.
This document discusses how alternative music sung in Afrikaans is helping young Afrikaners redefine their identity in post-Apartheid South Africa. The author distributed questionnaires to Afrikaners and non-Afrikaners to understand how Afrikaans alternative music impacts cultural identity and relationships between groups. A brief history of Afrikaners in South Africa is also provided for context, explaining how they came to dominate politically and institute the oppressive Apartheid system until 1994.
Introduction
I. Chinese as the First Foreign Language in Egypt
II. Systematic Dissociation and Separation from Western Europe and North America
III. The Egypt - Sudan - Libya Confederation
IV. How the Chinese-Egyptian Alliance will reshape Africa into Five Mega-States
South Africa has three capital cities - Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein. It has a population of over 55 million people and 11 official languages. The country has a diverse landscape and climate. It also has a young population and a high level of income inequality. South Africa's economy relies heavily on natural resources like gold and diamonds. The country has a rich cultural heritage dating back thousands of years.
Language planning, policy and implementation in south AfircaSelf employed
- South Africa has 11 official languages and recognizes several unofficial ones. The official languages are a result of politics to balance ethnic diversity.
- Nearly 25 languages are used daily by over 45 million people in South Africa, with Zulu, Xhosa, and Afrikaans being the most commonly spoken first languages.
- The language policy aims to promote multilingualism and the development of all languages, though implementing this policy fully faces challenges.
A Brief History Of The Afrikaans LanguageClaire Webber
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of the Afrikaans language. It discusses how Afrikaans originated from the Dutch dialects spoken by early settlers in South Africa and was influenced by languages of indigenous Khoikhoi people and slaves from Southeast Asia. It then describes how Afrikaans became standardized and politically prominent in South Africa in the late 19th/early 20th century. Finally, it analyzes the role of Afrikaans in establishing and maintaining the apartheid system of racial segregation in the 20th century.
This document discusses the role of history education in post-apartheid South Africa. It describes two workshops held with young South Africans, one in Cape Town and one in Bloemfontein. The Cape Town students, who studied apartheid history, demonstrated a mature understanding of the complex legacy and were working to build a better future. In contrast, the Bloemfontein students, who often did not study history, expressed anger and denial about the past due to a lack of knowledge. The document argues the importance of history education and open discussion for reconciliation, and how teachers can help students engage responsibly with the past.
The document provides information about an English course for 6th year secondary students in Argentina. It includes details about the class such as meeting times, available technology resources, and a diagnosis of the 25 female students who are at an upper-intermediate to advanced English level. The focus of the course will be on reading comprehension and topics that stem from the texts. One planned activity will focus on the history of South Africa during and after the apartheid era, exploring the country's geography, languages, culture and human rights issues through readings, debate, and the film Invictus. The overall goal is to have students investigate and discuss life in South Africa during different time periods through English-only class activities.
This document provides a history of language policy in South Africa from the colonial era to the post-apartheid constitution. It discusses how under apartheid, Afrikaans and English were promoted through the education system while indigenous African languages were marginalized. The current constitution recognizes 11 official languages and 26 other languages to promote multilingualism. However, in practice English dominates the public sphere. The document examines the challenges in implementing language policies that balance linguistic rights while promoting the use of underutilized official languages.
This document discusses how alternative music sung in Afrikaans is helping young Afrikaners redefine their identity in post-Apartheid South Africa. The author distributed questionnaires to Afrikaners and non-Afrikaners to understand how Afrikaans alternative music impacts cultural identity and relationships between groups. A brief history of Afrikaners in South Africa is also provided for context, explaining how they came to dominate politically and institute the oppressive Apartheid system until 1994.
Introduction
I. Chinese as the First Foreign Language in Egypt
II. Systematic Dissociation and Separation from Western Europe and North America
III. The Egypt - Sudan - Libya Confederation
IV. How the Chinese-Egyptian Alliance will reshape Africa into Five Mega-States
South Africa has three capital cities - Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein. It has a population of over 55 million people and 11 official languages. The country has a diverse landscape and climate. It also has a young population and a high level of income inequality. South Africa's economy relies heavily on natural resources like gold and diamonds. The country has a rich cultural heritage dating back thousands of years.
Language planning, policy and implementation in south AfircaSelf employed
- South Africa has 11 official languages and recognizes several unofficial ones. The official languages are a result of politics to balance ethnic diversity.
- Nearly 25 languages are used daily by over 45 million people in South Africa, with Zulu, Xhosa, and Afrikaans being the most commonly spoken first languages.
- The language policy aims to promote multilingualism and the development of all languages, though implementing this policy fully faces challenges.
A Brief History Of The Afrikaans LanguageClaire Webber
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of the Afrikaans language. It discusses how Afrikaans originated from the Dutch dialects spoken by early settlers in South Africa and was influenced by languages of indigenous Khoikhoi people and slaves from Southeast Asia. It then describes how Afrikaans became standardized and politically prominent in South Africa in the late 19th/early 20th century. Finally, it analyzes the role of Afrikaans in establishing and maintaining the apartheid system of racial segregation in the 20th century.
This document discusses the role of history education in post-apartheid South Africa. It describes two workshops held with young South Africans, one in Cape Town and one in Bloemfontein. The Cape Town students, who studied apartheid history, demonstrated a mature understanding of the complex legacy and were working to build a better future. In contrast, the Bloemfontein students, who often did not study history, expressed anger and denial about the past due to a lack of knowledge. The document argues the importance of history education and open discussion for reconciliation, and how teachers can help students engage responsibly with the past.
This document discusses the role of history education in post-apartheid South Africa. It describes two workshops held with young South Africans, one in Cape Town and one in Bloemfontein. The Cape Town students, who studied apartheid history, demonstrated a mature understanding of the complex legacy and were working to build a better future. In contrast, the Bloemfontein students, who often did not study history, expressed anger and denial about the past due to a lack of knowledge. The document argues the importance of history education and open discussion for reconciliation, and how teachers can help students engage responsibly with the past.
A Critical Appraisal of Kwame Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism and the Appropriation ...ijtsrd
This paper sets out to discuss the question of African identity from the position related to Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism. This work demonstrates that the question of African identity is challenged by the diversity of cultural heritages that incarnate the African continent and its peoples. It also shows that the invasions by foreign cultures impede the delimitation of an identity called African, and that the re education of the African is instrumental in reinventing an African identity capable of competing with other cultures in the global space . Tanyi, Pamela Nugha | Nde, Paul Ade "A Critical Appraisal of Kwame Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism and the Appropriation of African Identity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49130.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/49130/a-critical-appraisal-of-kwame-nkrumah’s-pan-africanism-and-the-appropriation-of-african-identity/tanyi-pamela-nugha
The essay discusses how the Portuguese colonization of Africa impacted the Kingdom of Kongo in western central Africa in the 15th-16th centuries. Though King Nzinga Mbemba initially cooperated with the Portuguese, corruption and exploitation by Portuguese settlers undermined the kingdom. Later King Alfonso I pleaded with the King of Portugal to remove corrupt settlers and send religious and medical professionals instead, but his pleas went unanswered. Resistance to Portuguese rule grew, including military attacks led by the Zimba people motivated by economic concerns. The kingdom's power declined as traditional markets were disrupted.
This document discusses the emergence and development of social work education in Africa. It describes how social work education originated in response to colonial policies and needs, focusing on serving white populations. Over time, education expanded to train black social workers and address broader social issues. The document examines the history of social work education in South Africa and Zimbabwe in particular, noting it was originally driven by paternalistic ideas but has since broadened in scope and methods to be more community-focused in addressing social problems.
Philippine Population and Culture patternRichard Lopez
Culture in the Philippines is defined as the way of life learned and transmitted between generations, including languages, religion, and education. The Philippines has over 80 languages due to its diverse ethnic groups, with Cebuano, Tagalog, and Ilocano being the most widely spoken. Religion is also an important part of culture, with over 90% of the population being Christian, mostly Roman Catholic. The education system has been influenced by Spanish colonization and American occupation, and aims to develop human resources and align with national development goals.
This document discusses the dangers that the dominance of English poses to indigenous languages in South Africa. It notes that while South Africa has 11 official languages, English is considered the most important and powerful. This dominance of English threatens the survival of local languages and risks the loss of cultural traditions. However, English also provides economic opportunities that are hard to access without proficiency. The document examines these tensions and risks to diversity as global languages spread worldwide.
Language Policies and Socio-political Inclinations and Influences.pptxMohammadNassef1
This document discusses language policies and influences related to English. It begins by defining language policy and examining English as a medium of communication, including its role in international organizations like the UN and as a lingua franca. It then explores English as a medium of instruction and the language policies around education in countries like the Philippines, which implemented policies over time to promote Spanish, English and Filipino in response to colonial influences. In the Philippines specifically, current policies aim to establish Filipino and English competence through bilingual education programs.
75 years of British Council support for English in africaPaul Woods
The British Council was established in 1934 to promote British culture abroad as a counter to fascism in Germany and Italy. It began arranging English language lectures and visits to the UK, opening early offices in Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria. By the 1960s, English language teaching became core to its work through partnerships with the BBC. While UK government funding for English projects in Africa ended in the 1990s due to views that English did not support development, the British Council has continued supporting English teaching through various regional projects focused on peacekeeping, teacher training, and learners. It now aims to strengthen its global online and radio English teaching programs and network in Africa.
This document provides an opening address given at the 11th General Conference of the International Association of Universities in Durban, South Africa in August 2000. The address discusses the history and evolution of universities over the past 50 years since the founding of IAU, including their growing importance for development, changes in student demographics and relationships with the job market, and the impact of new technologies. It emphasizes the need for universities to maintain excellence and autonomy while also serving social needs through partnerships.
Sustaining Linguistic Diversity within the Global Cultural Eco.docxmattinsonjanel
Sustaining Linguistic Diversity within the Global Cultural Economy: Issues of Language
Rights and Linguistic Possibilities
Author(s): Naz Rassool
Source: Comparative Education, Vol. 40, No. 2, Special Issue (28): Postcolonialism and
Comparative Education (May, 2004), pp. 199-214
Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4134649 .
Accessed: 18/02/2011 14:01
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless
you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you
may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.
Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at .
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis. .
Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed
page of such transmission.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Taylor & Francis, Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Comparative
Education.
http://www.jstor.org
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis
http://www.jstor.org/stable/4134649?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis
200 N. Rassool
fluid, multidimensional, multifaceted and self-defining, and contrasts sharply with
the essentialist discourses of race/gender/nation/culture that traditionally have un-
derpinned common conceptions of ethnic minority identity within the metropolitan
nation-state.
Such rigid notions of cultural identity have historical roots in the universalistic
discourse of colonialism grounded in the Eurocentric norms of the 'Mother Coun-
try'. Within this paradigm peoples subordinated to the colonizing power were
invariably reduced to one-dimensional cultural/ethnic/national stereotypes, their
identities seen as mutable only in terms of their desire to approximate the 'superior'
standards of metropolitan culture-its preferred ways of being, its ways of seeing, its
ways of knowing. Historically the imposition of the colonial language has played a
major part in shaping this hegemony. Writing about the colonial Afro-Caribbean
experience, Cliff (1985) states that
one of the effects of assimilation, indoctrination, passing into the anglocentrism of the ...
This document provides an overview of indigenous peoples in Africa from the perspective of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR). It discusses the characteristics of indigenous peoples in Africa, examples of indigenous groups, and the human rights issues they face, such as discrimination, lack of land rights, and poor access to representation, health and education. It also describes the ACHPR's Working Group on Indigenous Populations/Communities, which was established to address these issues and draft a report on protecting indigenous peoples' rights.
Exploring Swahili : An Inquiry into East African Cultureanthonyscaletta
The document discusses the Swahili language and its role in East African culture. It explores the history and spread of Swahili along the East African coast due to trade. While Swahili united Tanzania as a national language, it has faced resistance in Kenya due to tribal identities and the promotion of English. However, Swahili remains an important part of coastal cultural identity and may withstand pressures from globalization to preserve the language long-term.
SAFARA est une revue internationale de langues, littératures et culture publiée chaque année par la Section d'Anglais de l'UFR des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Sénégal.
French and cultural diplomacy – the african experience.Alexander Decker
French cultural diplomacy has had a significant impact on Africa, where French is widely used. Over 115 million Africans speak French as a result of its introduction during the colonial period. France has promoted French aggressively through cultural diplomacy, endangering many African languages and aspects of local culture. While French cultural diplomacy has helped spread French globally, it has also damaged African identity and autonomy by imposing French and suppressing native tongues. The effects of this cultural imposition continue to be felt across francophone Africa.
Here are the key risks and challenges of risk analysis:
- Subjectivity - Risk analysis involves subjective judgments which can introduce biases. Different people may perceive and evaluate risks differently.
- Limited information - It can be difficult to identify all potential risks and quantify their likelihood and impact due to limited information. New risks may emerge over time.
- Dynamic environment - As a business and its environment change, existing risks may diminish or new risks may arise. Risk analysis needs to be ongoing to stay current.
- Cascading failures - Risks are often interconnected so the failure of one system or control may trigger other failures, multiplying the impact. This is difficult to fully map out.
- Human factors - How people and
Order Paper Writing Help 247 - Dissertation Page NumberiJoshua Gorinson
The document discusses femininity in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost. It notes that Milton was a controversial figure who used his writing to address important social and political issues of his time. As one of his most important works, Paradise Lost explores grave social problems related to femininity. The document suggests Milton likely incorporated his own views on topics like marriage and divorce into his portrayal of femininity in the poem.
Persuasive Essay Technical Research Paper ExampleJoshua Gorinson
The document provides an overview of the Victorian Era in England, including key events and social changes that defined this period. The Victorian Era saw Queen Victoria's rule from 1837 to 1901, during which time England experienced a rise in industrialization, economic growth, and expansion of the middle class and population. Society was highly conservative and patriarchal. Literature of the era reflected many of the rapid social and economic changes occurring during this transformative period in British history.
006 Essay Example Cover Letter For Application ExaJoshua Gorinson
Here are the key points made in the two stories regarding how Hispanic families worked to support themselves:
- Many Hispanic families had no choice but to work in the fields with their hands to earn a living and support their families. Office jobs requiring head work were not generally available or accessible to them.
- As depicted in both stories, physical labor like picking crops was grueling and took a toll on the body over long hours in the fields every day. However, it provided much needed income for basic survival.
- The stories realistically portray the challenges of subsistence through manual farm work, leaving little choice or opportunity for other types of employment at the time for many Hispanic families immigrating to America. Hard work in the
Famous Quotes For Essay Writing. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
The document discusses Rosa Parks and the Montgomery bus boycott. It describes Parks' upbringing in Alabama under segregation. On December 1, 1955, Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus, leading to her arrest. In response, the black community of Montgomery organized a bus boycott that lasted over a year. The boycott challenged the legality of segregation on public buses and ultimately led to a Supreme Court ruling that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional. The boycott marked a key moment in the civil rights movement.
Advertisements often portray gender roles in stereotypical ways. They frequently depict women as focused on beauty, fashion and homemaking, while men are shown as strong, powerful and focused on work and leisure activities. However, a closer examination reveals that gender is a social construct, not defined solely by biological sex, and advertising plays a role in perpetuating stereotypes about expectations of masculinity and femininity.
How To Write An Essay - How To Write An Easy Essay InstJoshua Gorinson
This document provides instructions for how to write an essay through an online service in 5 steps: 1) Create an account; 2) Complete an order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review writer bids and choose one; 4) Review the paper and authorize payment; 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes getting original, high-quality content and the service's commitment to meeting customer needs.
More Related Content
Similar to African-Centred Education And African Languages In South Africa
This document discusses the role of history education in post-apartheid South Africa. It describes two workshops held with young South Africans, one in Cape Town and one in Bloemfontein. The Cape Town students, who studied apartheid history, demonstrated a mature understanding of the complex legacy and were working to build a better future. In contrast, the Bloemfontein students, who often did not study history, expressed anger and denial about the past due to a lack of knowledge. The document argues the importance of history education and open discussion for reconciliation, and how teachers can help students engage responsibly with the past.
A Critical Appraisal of Kwame Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism and the Appropriation ...ijtsrd
This paper sets out to discuss the question of African identity from the position related to Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism. This work demonstrates that the question of African identity is challenged by the diversity of cultural heritages that incarnate the African continent and its peoples. It also shows that the invasions by foreign cultures impede the delimitation of an identity called African, and that the re education of the African is instrumental in reinventing an African identity capable of competing with other cultures in the global space . Tanyi, Pamela Nugha | Nde, Paul Ade "A Critical Appraisal of Kwame Nkrumah’s Pan Africanism and the Appropriation of African Identity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49130.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/49130/a-critical-appraisal-of-kwame-nkrumah’s-pan-africanism-and-the-appropriation-of-african-identity/tanyi-pamela-nugha
The essay discusses how the Portuguese colonization of Africa impacted the Kingdom of Kongo in western central Africa in the 15th-16th centuries. Though King Nzinga Mbemba initially cooperated with the Portuguese, corruption and exploitation by Portuguese settlers undermined the kingdom. Later King Alfonso I pleaded with the King of Portugal to remove corrupt settlers and send religious and medical professionals instead, but his pleas went unanswered. Resistance to Portuguese rule grew, including military attacks led by the Zimba people motivated by economic concerns. The kingdom's power declined as traditional markets were disrupted.
This document discusses the emergence and development of social work education in Africa. It describes how social work education originated in response to colonial policies and needs, focusing on serving white populations. Over time, education expanded to train black social workers and address broader social issues. The document examines the history of social work education in South Africa and Zimbabwe in particular, noting it was originally driven by paternalistic ideas but has since broadened in scope and methods to be more community-focused in addressing social problems.
Philippine Population and Culture patternRichard Lopez
Culture in the Philippines is defined as the way of life learned and transmitted between generations, including languages, religion, and education. The Philippines has over 80 languages due to its diverse ethnic groups, with Cebuano, Tagalog, and Ilocano being the most widely spoken. Religion is also an important part of culture, with over 90% of the population being Christian, mostly Roman Catholic. The education system has been influenced by Spanish colonization and American occupation, and aims to develop human resources and align with national development goals.
This document discusses the dangers that the dominance of English poses to indigenous languages in South Africa. It notes that while South Africa has 11 official languages, English is considered the most important and powerful. This dominance of English threatens the survival of local languages and risks the loss of cultural traditions. However, English also provides economic opportunities that are hard to access without proficiency. The document examines these tensions and risks to diversity as global languages spread worldwide.
Language Policies and Socio-political Inclinations and Influences.pptxMohammadNassef1
This document discusses language policies and influences related to English. It begins by defining language policy and examining English as a medium of communication, including its role in international organizations like the UN and as a lingua franca. It then explores English as a medium of instruction and the language policies around education in countries like the Philippines, which implemented policies over time to promote Spanish, English and Filipino in response to colonial influences. In the Philippines specifically, current policies aim to establish Filipino and English competence through bilingual education programs.
75 years of British Council support for English in africaPaul Woods
The British Council was established in 1934 to promote British culture abroad as a counter to fascism in Germany and Italy. It began arranging English language lectures and visits to the UK, opening early offices in Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria. By the 1960s, English language teaching became core to its work through partnerships with the BBC. While UK government funding for English projects in Africa ended in the 1990s due to views that English did not support development, the British Council has continued supporting English teaching through various regional projects focused on peacekeeping, teacher training, and learners. It now aims to strengthen its global online and radio English teaching programs and network in Africa.
This document provides an opening address given at the 11th General Conference of the International Association of Universities in Durban, South Africa in August 2000. The address discusses the history and evolution of universities over the past 50 years since the founding of IAU, including their growing importance for development, changes in student demographics and relationships with the job market, and the impact of new technologies. It emphasizes the need for universities to maintain excellence and autonomy while also serving social needs through partnerships.
Sustaining Linguistic Diversity within the Global Cultural Eco.docxmattinsonjanel
Sustaining Linguistic Diversity within the Global Cultural Economy: Issues of Language
Rights and Linguistic Possibilities
Author(s): Naz Rassool
Source: Comparative Education, Vol. 40, No. 2, Special Issue (28): Postcolonialism and
Comparative Education (May, 2004), pp. 199-214
Published by: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4134649 .
Accessed: 18/02/2011 14:01
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless
you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you
may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.
Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at .
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis. .
Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed
page of such transmission.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
Taylor & Francis, Ltd. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Comparative
Education.
http://www.jstor.org
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis
http://www.jstor.org/stable/4134649?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=taylorfrancis
200 N. Rassool
fluid, multidimensional, multifaceted and self-defining, and contrasts sharply with
the essentialist discourses of race/gender/nation/culture that traditionally have un-
derpinned common conceptions of ethnic minority identity within the metropolitan
nation-state.
Such rigid notions of cultural identity have historical roots in the universalistic
discourse of colonialism grounded in the Eurocentric norms of the 'Mother Coun-
try'. Within this paradigm peoples subordinated to the colonizing power were
invariably reduced to one-dimensional cultural/ethnic/national stereotypes, their
identities seen as mutable only in terms of their desire to approximate the 'superior'
standards of metropolitan culture-its preferred ways of being, its ways of seeing, its
ways of knowing. Historically the imposition of the colonial language has played a
major part in shaping this hegemony. Writing about the colonial Afro-Caribbean
experience, Cliff (1985) states that
one of the effects of assimilation, indoctrination, passing into the anglocentrism of the ...
This document provides an overview of indigenous peoples in Africa from the perspective of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR). It discusses the characteristics of indigenous peoples in Africa, examples of indigenous groups, and the human rights issues they face, such as discrimination, lack of land rights, and poor access to representation, health and education. It also describes the ACHPR's Working Group on Indigenous Populations/Communities, which was established to address these issues and draft a report on protecting indigenous peoples' rights.
Exploring Swahili : An Inquiry into East African Cultureanthonyscaletta
The document discusses the Swahili language and its role in East African culture. It explores the history and spread of Swahili along the East African coast due to trade. While Swahili united Tanzania as a national language, it has faced resistance in Kenya due to tribal identities and the promotion of English. However, Swahili remains an important part of coastal cultural identity and may withstand pressures from globalization to preserve the language long-term.
SAFARA est une revue internationale de langues, littératures et culture publiée chaque année par la Section d'Anglais de l'UFR des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Université Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Sénégal.
French and cultural diplomacy – the african experience.Alexander Decker
French cultural diplomacy has had a significant impact on Africa, where French is widely used. Over 115 million Africans speak French as a result of its introduction during the colonial period. France has promoted French aggressively through cultural diplomacy, endangering many African languages and aspects of local culture. While French cultural diplomacy has helped spread French globally, it has also damaged African identity and autonomy by imposing French and suppressing native tongues. The effects of this cultural imposition continue to be felt across francophone Africa.
Here are the key risks and challenges of risk analysis:
- Subjectivity - Risk analysis involves subjective judgments which can introduce biases. Different people may perceive and evaluate risks differently.
- Limited information - It can be difficult to identify all potential risks and quantify their likelihood and impact due to limited information. New risks may emerge over time.
- Dynamic environment - As a business and its environment change, existing risks may diminish or new risks may arise. Risk analysis needs to be ongoing to stay current.
- Cascading failures - Risks are often interconnected so the failure of one system or control may trigger other failures, multiplying the impact. This is difficult to fully map out.
- Human factors - How people and
Order Paper Writing Help 247 - Dissertation Page NumberiJoshua Gorinson
The document discusses femininity in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost. It notes that Milton was a controversial figure who used his writing to address important social and political issues of his time. As one of his most important works, Paradise Lost explores grave social problems related to femininity. The document suggests Milton likely incorporated his own views on topics like marriage and divorce into his portrayal of femininity in the poem.
Persuasive Essay Technical Research Paper ExampleJoshua Gorinson
The document provides an overview of the Victorian Era in England, including key events and social changes that defined this period. The Victorian Era saw Queen Victoria's rule from 1837 to 1901, during which time England experienced a rise in industrialization, economic growth, and expansion of the middle class and population. Society was highly conservative and patriarchal. Literature of the era reflected many of the rapid social and economic changes occurring during this transformative period in British history.
006 Essay Example Cover Letter For Application ExaJoshua Gorinson
Here are the key points made in the two stories regarding how Hispanic families worked to support themselves:
- Many Hispanic families had no choice but to work in the fields with their hands to earn a living and support their families. Office jobs requiring head work were not generally available or accessible to them.
- As depicted in both stories, physical labor like picking crops was grueling and took a toll on the body over long hours in the fields every day. However, it provided much needed income for basic survival.
- The stories realistically portray the challenges of subsistence through manual farm work, leaving little choice or opportunity for other types of employment at the time for many Hispanic families immigrating to America. Hard work in the
Famous Quotes For Essay Writing. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
The document discusses Rosa Parks and the Montgomery bus boycott. It describes Parks' upbringing in Alabama under segregation. On December 1, 1955, Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a segregated bus, leading to her arrest. In response, the black community of Montgomery organized a bus boycott that lasted over a year. The boycott challenged the legality of segregation on public buses and ultimately led to a Supreme Court ruling that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional. The boycott marked a key moment in the civil rights movement.
Advertisements often portray gender roles in stereotypical ways. They frequently depict women as focused on beauty, fashion and homemaking, while men are shown as strong, powerful and focused on work and leisure activities. However, a closer examination reveals that gender is a social construct, not defined solely by biological sex, and advertising plays a role in perpetuating stereotypes about expectations of masculinity and femininity.
How To Write An Essay - How To Write An Easy Essay InstJoshua Gorinson
This document provides instructions for how to write an essay through an online service in 5 steps: 1) Create an account; 2) Complete an order form with instructions, sources, and deadline; 3) Review writer bids and choose one; 4) Review the paper and authorize payment; 5) Request revisions until satisfied. It emphasizes getting original, high-quality content and the service's commitment to meeting customer needs.
Example Of Research Gap Examples Of Research Gaps IdJoshua Gorinson
Scammers use sound science in social media to mislead people. They present scientific-sounding claims without evidence to support false or exaggerated statements. While technology connects people, it also enables the spread of misinformation. Critical thinking is needed to separate facts from unfounded assertions online.
Best Essay Writing Service 2016. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
The document discusses the issue of fake news and how it can spread false information and ideas. It notes that fake news stories are intentionally designed to attract attention rather than provide facts. The key challenge with fake news is that the public may have difficulty distinguishing between real and false stories, especially on topics related to politics or government.
Papers Writing Help Reliable Papers. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
The document provides information about becoming a naval nurse. It discusses how naval nurses are inspired to join the navy due to family members' stories of adventure. The career of a naval nurse involves collaborating with physicians and developing leadership skills while working long hours depending on their duty station. Naval nurses are typically stationed on land but have opportunities to serve on ships during training or when needed, as there are always medical personnel aboard naval vessels.
Narrative Essay How To Write A Good Analysis EssayJoshua Gorinson
Here are a few examples of government intervention:
- Regulations on businesses and industries, such as environmental regulations, worker safety rules, minimum wage laws, licensing requirements, etc. Supporters argue these protect citizens, while critics argue they stifle the free market.
- Fiscal policy measures like tax cuts or increases, and spending on programs. Conservatives tend to prefer tax cuts while liberals favor more spending on social services.
- Monetary policy set by central banks like the Federal Reserve. Actions like lowering or raising interest rates can stimulate or slow the economy.
- Bailouts of private companies during financial crises, like what occurred in the 2008 recession. Taxpayer money was used to rescue major banks and automakers
What Makes A Great Leader Essay - Resume ThemplatJoshua Gorinson
The document discusses the process of using the writing service HelpWriting.net to have an assignment written. It outlines 5 steps: 1) Create an account, 2) Submit a request with instructions and deadline, 3) Review bids from writers and choose one, 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment, 5) Request revisions if needed and know plagiarized work will be refunded. The service aims to fully meet customer needs through a bidding system and free revisions.
The document discusses the research methodology used in a study. It begins by defining research methodology and outlining the importance of philosophical foundations. It then discusses the mixed methods research design used, including both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Specifically, it utilized interviews for qualitative data collection and a survey for quantitative data. The research paradigm draws from both positivism in its use of control and hypothesis testing, and constructivism in allowing social actors to provide their perspectives. Both approaches were used to identify opinions from interviewees.
Behavior Research Methods Template - SpringerJoshua Gorinson
The document provides instructions for creating an account and submitting a paper writing request on the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a form with paper details, sources, and deadline. 3) Review writer bids and choose one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, with a refund option for plagiarized work.
Get Paid To Write 2020 - Writing Jobs Online - YouTubeJoshua Gorinson
The document provides instructions for creating an account and submitting writing requests on the HelpWriting.net platform, which uses a bidding system for writers to select and complete assignments. Users are instructed to provide details about the paper requirements and are assured they can request revisions until satisfied with the completed work. The process aims to match users with qualified writers who will deliver original, high-quality content and offer refunds if plagiarism is found.
A Poster With Words That Say More Syonoms For ExcittedJoshua Gorinson
This document discusses Sony Corporation, focusing on its performance, a 2014 cyber attack, and issues of social responsibility. It notes that Sony was once a leader in electronics but has struggled recently, facing competition from companies like Apple and Samsung. A 2011 earthquake in Japan also caused major losses for Sony. The document also briefly mentions how former Sony CEO Howard Stringer provided leadership after the earthquake to reassure employees.
Essay Writing Service Research Paper - NeedgbS DiaryJoshua Gorinson
1) The document provides instructions for using an essay writing service website. It outlines a 5-step process: create an account, submit a request form with instructions and deadline, writers will bid on the request, select a writer and provide a deposit, and review and approve the completed paper.
2) Revisions are allowed and plagiarized work will be refunded. The service aims to provide original, high-quality content to meet customer needs.
Education In Britain Telegraph. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
This document discusses recent work on follow the perturbed leader (FTPL) algorithms for solving multi-armed bandit problems. FTPL algorithms introduce random perturbations to help algorithms explore alternative options. Prior work assumed the distribution generating perturbations had a bounded hazard rate, but many natural distributions like uniform and Gaussian violate this. The paper aims to provide regret bounds for FTPL algorithms without relying on the bounded hazard rate condition. It presents regret bounds for both bounded support and unbounded support perturbation distributions.
The document discusses how to request writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment if satisfied. 5) Request revisions to ensure satisfaction, and HelpWriting.net offers refunds for plagiarized work.
Parchment Writing Paper Background. Online assignment writing service.Joshua Gorinson
The document discusses steps for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net, including creating an account, completing an order form with instructions and deadlines, and reviewing bids from writers before selecting one and placing a deposit to start the assignment. It notes the site uses a bidding system and guarantees original, high-quality content while offering free revisions to ensure customer satisfaction.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
13. Africa Fast Facts
Compiled by GIS and
Cartography (AISA)
ISBN 978-0-620-426-25-1
Africa In Focus
Compiled by GIS and
Cartography (AISA)
ISBN 978-0-620-426-24-4
The Coming
African Hour
Dialectics of Opportunities
and Constraints
Edited by Luc Sindjoun
ISBN 9780798302302
Africa’s New
Public Policy
Imperatives for
Globalisation & Nation-
building in Nigeria
Edwin Okey Ijeoma
ISBN 9780798302227
HIV/AIDS, Gender,
Human Security
and Violence in
Southern Africa
Edited by Monica Juma
and Jennifer Klot
ISBN 9780798302531
Archie Mafajee
Scholar, Activist
and Thinker
Dani Wadada Nabudere
ISBN 9780798302869
The State of Africa
2010/11
Parameters and
Legacies of Governance
and Issues Areas
Edited by Korwa Adar, Monica
Juma and Katabaro Miti
ISBN 9780798302401
Contemporary
Social Issues
Cases in Gaborone,
Kampala, and Durban
Edited by Mokong Simon
Mapadimeng and Sultan Khan
ISBN 9780798302449
Natural Resources
Governance in
southern Africa
Edited by Lesley Masters
and Emmanuel Kisiangani
ISBN 9780798302453
Afrikology, Philosophy
and Wholeness:
An Epistemology
Dani Wadada Nabudere
ISBN 9780798302555
PO Box 630
Pretoria
0001
South Africa
No 1 Embassy House
Bailey Lane
Arcadia
Pretoria
Tel: +27 (0)12 304 9700
Fax: +27 (0)12 323 8153
E-mail: ai@ai.org.za,
Website: www.ai.org.za
AISA is a statutory research
body focusing on contemporary
African affairs in its research,
publications, library and
documentation. AISA is dedicated
to knowledge production,
education, training and the
promotion of awareness on
Africa, for Africans and the
international community. This
is achieved through independent
policy analysis, and the collection,
processing and interpretation, and
dissemination of information.