African Contributions To World Civilizations!
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The document discusses several key events and periods in history: - The emergence of early human "Lucy" in Ethiopia 130,000 years ago. - Ancient civilizations including the Nile Valley civilization in Egypt. - Ancient Greece and important works by Homer like the Iliad and Odyssey. - Alexander the Great's invasion of Egypt in the 4th century BC. - The defeat of half of Rome's western troops by Germanic tribes around 500-1000 AD. - Three great West African kingdoms that emerged during Europe's Dark Ages.
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Gold salt trade
Africa traded gold for salt with Arabia due to geographic and health factors. Africans needed salt to survive hot climates where they lost salt through sweat, while gold was common but useless in Africa. This made Africans willing to trade gold for salt. The location of Ghana along trade routes between salt and gold sources contributed to its growth as a powerful empire, though its influence decreased as residents converted to Islam after the city was divided between African and Muslim sections. Mali rose as an empire as it embraced Islam, with the ruler Mansa Musa gaining fame during a hajj pilgrimage that spread knowledge of Mali.
Kingdom of ghana
The document discusses the architecture of mosques in West Africa and Somalia. It describes key features of mosques in Ghana, Mali, and Somalia like the Larabanga Mosque in Ghana which shows Sudanese influences in its use of horizontal timber and triangular openings. It also provides details on the architectural elements of major mosques like the Great Mosque of Kairouan which is built from thick stone walls and features buttresses and towers that enhance its stability.
African cultures ppt
There are three major religions in Africa: traditional beliefs, Christianity, and Islam. Traditional African beliefs vary between ethnic groups but generally involve worship of spirits, gods, and ancestors as well as sacrifice. Ethnic groups each have their own languages, customs, and religions, with Arabs predominantly following Islam and groups like the Ashanti and Bantu typically practicing traditional religions that incorporate ancestral worship and spiritual elements.
Regaeeton
The Sound of Music is a musical film from 1965 that tells the story of Maria, a young Austrian woman studying to become a nun in Salzburg in 1938. She is sent to the villa of a retired naval officer and widower, Captain von Trapp, to be governess to his seven children. Maria brings music and joy back into the household but eventually falls in love with the Captain, just as Nazi Germany annexes Austria.
Chapter 13 history introduction to ghana
Ghana became a powerful trading empire through controlling the trans-Saharan trade routes between North and West Africa. The kingdom arose around 500 CE in the semi-arid Sahel region, gaining wealth and power by taxing the salt, gold, ivory, and other goods that passed through on camel caravans. A powerful king ruled Ghana and maintained control over the gold supply and trade. Wealth from taxes on trans-Saharan commerce allowed the king to support a large army and bureaucracy to govern his expanding empire until its decline in the 1200s.
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4.4.24 Black Radicalism and Government Repression.pptx
The FBI targeted black nationalist and leftist groups like the Black Panther Party through its COINTELPRO program in the 1960s. It aimed to disrupt these organizations and neutralize their leaders, seeing them as threats to national security. FBI director J. Hoover was obsessed with silencing dissenting voices. Through COINTELPRO, the FBI illegally spied on citizens and groups, used informants, and took other unlawful actions. This included providing information that led to the 1969 murder of Black Panther leader Fred Hampton by Chicago police as he slept. Later investigations revealed widespread intelligence abuses and violations of civil liberties by the FBI under COINTELPRO.
Revolutions
The document discusses the tension between the right to protest and the right to protect during the 1960s civil rights movement. It describes how protest movements began small but grew rapidly, calling for peace, justice, freedom and equality. In response, the government aimed to isolate and neutralize protest leaders through tactics like COINTELPRO, which infiltrated and interfered with groups using surveillance, blackmail and other methods. It also discusses how the CIA illegally spied on protest groups through operations like CHAOS, creating files on thousands of individuals and groups. Both COINTELPRO and CIA operations expanded during this period before eventually being shut down due to threats of exposure and investigation in the early 1970s.
U.S. Domestic Terrorism StudentThese terrorist
U.S. Domestic Terrorism
Student
“These terrorists kill not merely to end lives, but to disrupt and end a way of life. With every atrocity, they hope that America grows fearful, retreating from the world and forsaking our friends. They stand against us, because we stand in their way.”
- President George Bush
What IS domestic terrorism?
Information gathered from James S. Albanese’s “The Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice” highlights three of the most common forms of domestic terrorism:
1) Political
2) Ideological
3) Foreign Nationalist
The FBI defines domestic terrorism as “the unlawful use, or threatened use, of violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States (or its territories) without foreign direction, committed against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives.”
Political Domestic Terrorism
The most common political acts of domestic terrorism stem from either far-left or far-right leaning factions. In the timespan between 1997 and August 2017 there were a total of 3,342 deaths due to domestic terrorism.
The graph below shows that right wing terrorism was the second deadliest cause of death by domestic terrorism, and that left-wing domestic terrorism claimed a total of 23 lives.
(Since the beginning of 2016 deaths caused by left-wing domestic terrorism overtook deaths caused by right-wing domestic terrorism.)
Left-Wing Domestic Terrorist Groups
ANTIFA
The Anti-Fascist (ANTIFA) movement is an anarchist militia group that was inspired by a World War II movement that resisted NAZI oppression.
Antifa history, beliefs, and activity.
The modern day ANTIFA movement has seen a dwindling amount of support from other slightly less aggressive leftist groups movements such as “Black Lives Matter” and tend to come into conflict with any group that they come across.
ANTIFA is classified as an anarchist movement that resurged in Europe in the 1960s before making its way to the United States in the 1970s. Its mission is based upon the belief that the repetition of Nazi occupation can only be prevented through active aggression. Over time, ANTIFA have broadened the definition of fascism to include anybody who either supports conservative political efforts, supports President Donald Trump, or both.
ANTIFA are known for violent, and often misguided, counter-protests that have even escalated to the point where they’ve assaulted themselves by mistake.
Often times police and other peacekeeping groups are targeted by ANTIFA while attempting to stem the violence between them and the groups that they counter-protest. ANTIFA counter-protests are notorious for physical violence, provocation, arrests, and damage to property as well as desecration of the American flag.
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In January of 2017, Antifa members violently took to the st ...
U.s. domestic terrorism student these terrorist
The document discusses various forms of domestic terrorism in the United States, including political, ideological, and religiously-motivated terrorism. It provides examples of specific domestic terrorist groups from both the left wing (e.g. Antifa) and right wing (e.g. American Nazi Party). It also discusses terrorist attacks carried out by foreign nationalist groups on U.S. soil, such as the 9/11 attacks and Boston Marathon bombing. Finally, it outlines current efforts by the Department of Homeland Security to prevent future acts of domestic terrorism.
Secret Services
Morph transition PowerPoint thats very nice click on the pictograms to switch slides, there is a good explanation over a couple Secret Services like FBI, CIA, KGB, Mossad, Kempeitai. Hope you enjoy this template, you can learn a lot about this, made this all myself!! this powerpoint has seven slides let me now how to improve: send an e-mail to vacuum.cleanercrown@gmail.com please it would help out a lot
SecretServices
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Black_Panthers
The Black Panther Party was a political organization formed in 1966 to promote social change and address racial injustices. Led by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, the Party advocated for armed self-defense against police brutality and developed social programs like free breakfasts for children. Newton was a key leader but faced legal issues, including a murder trial, following a police shooting in 1967. J. Edgar Hoover targeted the Party through counterintelligence which contributed to its decline.
Black panther movement
The Black Panther Party was a revolutionary socialist organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. The Party aimed to establish economic, social, and political equality for African Americans and other oppressed groups through their 10-point program. They provided social programs like free breakfasts for children and medical clinics to serve poor communities. The Party also advocated for armed self-defense against police brutality, and some members engaged in violent confrontations with law enforcement.
Black panther movement
The Black Panther Party was a revolutionary socialist organization founded in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. The Party aimed to establish economic, social, and political equality for African Americans and other oppressed groups through their 10-point program. They provided social programs like free breakfasts for children and medical clinics to serve poor communities. The Party also advocated for armed self-defense against police brutality, and some members engaged in violent confrontations with law enforcement.
Black Atrocities in America_.pdf
A chat with Ai.
A dialogue pertaining to abuses at the micro and macro levels targeting the Black community. As global war with above nuclear escalations and mass extinction event actions immanent, it is the most vulnerable who suffer and die while leadership claims the issues aren't important enough to matter because protecting the lies that created all these factors are more important. Pushing past 90 seconds to midnight as if Earth too doesn't matter, all that does is predation of white supremacy predators.
The CIA: Is It The Largest Terrorist Organization On The Planet?
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Black Panther Party Essay
The Black Panther Party was founded in 1966 in Oakland, California by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton to advocate for black empowerment and fight against police brutality. While they claimed to be non-violent, the group often openly carried loaded weapons during police patrols. They gained national attention in 1967 for entering the California state capitol armed to protest gun control laws. Throughout the late 1960s, the Black Panthers engaged in armed conflicts with police which increased government surveillance and repression of the group through programs like COINTELPRO. By the early 1970s, most Black Panther chapters had been shut down or members had left due to internal purging and conflicts between leaders like Huey Newton and Eldridge Cle
Crime In The 1930’S
During the 1930s in the US, organized crime rose due to Prohibition, leading figures like Al Capone to wage bloody wars over illegal alcohol distribution. The kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr. made kidnapping a federal crime. Widespread unemployment during the Great Depression and profits from illegal alcohol sales due to Prohibition drove crime higher. Notable criminals of the era included John Dillinger, Al Capone, and Bonnie and Clyde. Eliot Ness and his group known as the Untouchables took down Al Capone in Chicago through raids that seized illegal brewing equipment and alcohol.
Aluta Continua From Jim Crow to Civil Rights to Black Liberation
This document summarizes the progression of the Black liberation movement in America from the 1950s through the 1970s. It discusses the civil rights movement's focus on desegregation and democratic rights, as well as the rise of more radical groups advocating for Black nationalism and power, such as the Nation of Islam, SNCC, the Black Panthers, and the Revolutionary Action Movement. These groups aimed for social and economic equality as well as community control over institutions. The document outlines the activities and repression of these revolutionary organizations and argues that the struggle for Black liberation continues today against systemic racism.
History of the PG-RNA|The Provisional Government of the Republic of New Afrika
Kwame Welsh
Ministries:
Justice: Nkechi Taifa
Defense: Gen. Chui
Education: Imari Obadele
Foreign Affairs: Ahmed Obafemi
Finance: Kwame Welsh
Health: Dr. Abdul Alkalimat
History of the PG-RNA 10 | P a g e
Culture: Baba Adefunmi
Information: Kwame Afoh
Courts:
Supreme Court Chief Justice: Judge Marilyn Preston Killingham
Other Govt. entities:
Land Fund Committee
The Code of Umoja (Constitution) outlines the structure and functions of the government,
citizenship,
Jeffery Whippo Explains How Journalists Were Threatened To Be the Part of Ope...
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Role of CIA in Changing Strategic Operations of CIA
In American Renewal by, Steven Hook, “the first requirement of intelligence is timely delivery of relevant information to decision makers. To accomplish this mission decision makers must understand how intelligence works, take responsibility for investing in it, and share their strategies and tactics, specifies what they need and when. For its part to assist in going advantages over adversaries, intelligence has to focus on delivering enough information for the decision, not necessarily comprehensive knowledge”. The prime task assigned to CIA was to preserve the American interest and keep a sharp eye on its rivals. During cold war the greatest threat to American interest was from USSR and pro-communist states in the world. CIA carried out its clandestine services using different strategies. Assuming a power of influence in making policies according to its will, its role changed gradually from the traditional espionage activities. The conundrum of its covert operations at some time thought harmful for the state. Its transformation into a paramilitary force likely after 9/11 was also a matter of great concern. Using the advanced and bold technology CIA can operate in every state of the world. Everything beyond limitations is just devastating.
The unveiled stories about CIA during the cold war era and after 9/11 gave a clue about the influential role in shaping foreign policy. Mostly during the Democrats regime the influence of CIA and Pentagon have less influence in policy making than that of the republican regime. Along with traditional espionage CIA also operated covert actions from the beginning. From regime change to targeted manhunt and military operations CIA became quite controversial at every level. Some previous CIA officials say its function is to violate the laws of other states to gain intelligence. It shows that CIA has no moral grounds and gave no worth to any law. It even violates its own domestic law about torturing the suspected criminals. Its influence in domestic politics and FP in a democratic superpower is unjustified. The infiltration and intrusion within other states may escalate and prolong the crisis. The role of CIA in fighting war on terror and establishing peace at global level is considerable. The exploit of the policy makers by manipulating information also a concerning issue.
In Pakistan the infiltration of CIA operatives had been increased to a considerable level. It may also influence the domestic issues of Pakistan through different means. The infusion of these operatives should be refined and under the counter surveillance of Pakistani spy agency. CIA will remain quite active in Pakistan due to its geographic position and changing interest of great powers as Obama’s pivot to Asia policy. China’s surveillance also a factor for CIA to remain active in Pakistan as it may pose a threat to the American might in near future.
Crime In The 1930’S
During the 1930s in the US, there were several major milestones for crime. Prohibition led to the rise of organized crime groups running bootlegging operations, such as Al Capone in Chicago. The Lindbergh baby kidnapping and murder led to kidnapping becoming a federal crime. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was also formed in 1935 by combining several agencies to investigate federal crimes. Some of the most famous criminals of the era included John Dillinger, Al Capone, Bonnie and Clyde, and Pretty Boy Floyd. Prohibition and the Great Depression contributed to making crime more widespread during this time period.
Chadillac
The Black Panther Party was founded in 1966 in Oakland, California by Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton. It aimed to end police brutality and give power to black communities. By 1968, the party had spread across major U.S. cities with over 5,000 members. Leaders like Fred Hampton organized protests and community programs until being targeted by the FBI and police. Though the party declined by the 1970s due to government repression and internal conflict, its goals of racial justice and black empowerment continued to influence later movements.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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African Contributions To World Civilizations!
- 2. Also was when the continent drifted from Middle each other Eocene in a matter of time
- 3. According to history humans were originated by monkeys but 130,000 years ago the first human “Lucy” was discovered in Ethiopia
- 4. First to have an emerged civilization Ancient Nile Valley civilization Known as Eypt
- 5. Taught civilization. Modern people still read literature from ancient Greece including the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic (meaning long and heroic) poems by Homer all in ancient Greece
- 6. Alexander the great invaded Egypt so he can destroy and conquer. He also led the first European invasion of Africa
- 7. In September circa 500 - 1000 AD an army of German tribesmen led by a man who had served in the Roman army, met and defeated roughly half of Rome's troops in the western empire.
- 8. Three great West African kingdoms that emerged during Europe’s “Dark Ages”
- 9. Statement made by the pope that decried Spain and Portugal could “reduce to servitude any infidel”
- 10. In 1776 the Declaration of Independence was written and in 1863 the Emancipation Proclamation was written.
- 11. Civil rights movement ! Martin Luther King and Malcolm X were leaders of the civil rights movement, they believed that all African Americans had the right to do the same as the whites
- 12. The NYPD wanted to get rid of the black panther party, in the 1970’s. COINTELPRO (an acronym for Counter Intelligence Program) was a series of covert, and often illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) aimed at investigating and disrupting dissident political organizations within the United States. The FBI used covert operations from its inception, however formal COINTELPRO operations took place between 1956 and 1971.[2] The FBI's stated motivation at the time was "protecting national security, preventing violence, and maintaining the existing social and political order."