This document summarizes a method for writing an "energy transmission program" inside a dendrimer molecule to enable multi-step self-assembly from the nano- to macro-scale. A dendrimer is functionalized with 32 molecular rotors and doped with a controller molecule. Combined excitation and emission spectroscopy is used to image the "energy transmission path" or code in the molecule. When triggered, the path directs a series of self-assembly steps producing structures from 5-6 nm to 5 microns in size. Two examples of self-assembly pathways are provided. The molecular programming approach allows directing the self-assembly through multiple hierarchical stages in a biomimetic manner.
Modelling Quantum Transport in Nanostructuresiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Novel Design of a Magnetically Switchable MOSFET using Magnetoresistive ElementsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Various research activities have been carried out, individually, in the fields of MOSFET design andanalysis, and magnetoresistance; however, ourresearch focused on the design and analysis of a magnetically switchable MOSFET with the application of magnetoresistive elements. Theoretical study, calculations and simulations were used in order to design and analyze the magnetically switchable MOSFET. It was observed that the magnetoresistance values of 42%, 81% and 95%, respectively, for giant magnetoresistive element, tunneling magnetoresistive element and colossal magnetoresistive element resulted in reduced resistance values of 139.2Ω, 45.6Ω and 12Ω across the MOSFET in presence of magnetic field; as compared to a higher value of 240Ω in its absence. As a consequence, the gate-source voltage increased beyond the threshold value (1.5V), and the MOSFET switched ON. Accordingly, a magnetically switchable MOSFET was designed and its behavioural characteristics were analyzed.
Modelling design and control of an electromechanical mass lifting system usin...Mustefa Jibril
In this paper, an electromechanical mass lifter system is designed, analyzed and compare using optimal
and robust control theories. LQR and μ -synthesis controllers are used to improve the lift displacement by
comparison method for tracking the desired step and sinusoidal wave signals input. Finally, the comparison
simulation result prove the effectiveness of the electromechanical mass lifter system with μ -synthesis controller for
improving the rise time, percentage overshoot, settling time and peak value of tracking the desired step displacement
signal and improving the peak value for tracking the desired sinusoidal displacement signal with a good
performance.
Modelling Quantum Transport in Nanostructuresiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Novel Design of a Magnetically Switchable MOSFET using Magnetoresistive ElementsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Various research activities have been carried out, individually, in the fields of MOSFET design andanalysis, and magnetoresistance; however, ourresearch focused on the design and analysis of a magnetically switchable MOSFET with the application of magnetoresistive elements. Theoretical study, calculations and simulations were used in order to design and analyze the magnetically switchable MOSFET. It was observed that the magnetoresistance values of 42%, 81% and 95%, respectively, for giant magnetoresistive element, tunneling magnetoresistive element and colossal magnetoresistive element resulted in reduced resistance values of 139.2Ω, 45.6Ω and 12Ω across the MOSFET in presence of magnetic field; as compared to a higher value of 240Ω in its absence. As a consequence, the gate-source voltage increased beyond the threshold value (1.5V), and the MOSFET switched ON. Accordingly, a magnetically switchable MOSFET was designed and its behavioural characteristics were analyzed.
Modelling design and control of an electromechanical mass lifting system usin...Mustefa Jibril
In this paper, an electromechanical mass lifter system is designed, analyzed and compare using optimal
and robust control theories. LQR and μ -synthesis controllers are used to improve the lift displacement by
comparison method for tracking the desired step and sinusoidal wave signals input. Finally, the comparison
simulation result prove the effectiveness of the electromechanical mass lifter system with μ -synthesis controller for
improving the rise time, percentage overshoot, settling time and peak value of tracking the desired step displacement
signal and improving the peak value for tracking the desired sinusoidal displacement signal with a good
performance.
Consistently high Voc values in p-i-n type perovskite solar cells using Ni3+-...Pawan Kumar
Leading edge p-i-n type halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) severely underperform n-i-p PSCs. p-i-n type PSCs that use PEDOT:PSS hole transport layers (HTLs) struggle to generate open-circuit photovoltage values higher than 1 V. NiO HTLs have shown greater promise in achieving high Voc values albeit inconsistently. In this report, a NiO nanomesh with Ni3+ defect grown by the hydrothermal method was used to obtain PSCs with Voc values that consistently exceeded 1.10 V (champion Voc = 1.14 V). A champion device photoconversion efficiency of 17.75% was observed. Density functional theory modeling was used to understand the interfacial properties of the NiO/perovskite interface. The PCE of PSCs constructed using the Ni3+-doped NiO nanomesh HTL was ∼34% higher than that of conventional compact NiO-based perovskite solar cells. A suite of characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence, steady-state photoluminescence, and Kelvin probe force microscopy provided evidence of better film quality, enhanced charge transfer, and suppressed charge recombination in PSCs based on hydrothermally grown NiO nanostructures.
Modeling Under MATLAB by ANFIS of Three-Phase Tetrahedral Transformer Using i...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work deals with the modeling of a new three-phase tetrahedral transformer of HV power
supply, which feeds three magnetrons per phase. The design of this new power supply is composed of
three single-phase with magnetic shunt transformers coupling in star; each one is size to feed voltagedoubling
cells, thereby feeds a magnetron. In order to validate the functionality of this power supply, we
simulate it under Matlab-Simulink environment. Thus, we modeled nonlinear inductance using a new
approach of neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS); this method based on the interpolation of the curve B(H) of
ferromagnetic material, the results obtained gives forms of both voltages and currents, which shows that
they are in accordance with those of experimental tests, respecting the conditions recommended by the
magnetron manufacturer
This is a Powerpoint for basic understanding regarding Molecular dynamics and NAMD simulation to providing basic information, schematic representation, to understanding the mechanism or process of molecular dynamics ( MD), and NAMD simulation brief discussion.
Average dynamical frequency behaviour for multi-area islanded micro-grid netw...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A micro-grid is a part of power system which able to operates in grid or islanding mode. The most important variable that able to give us information about the stability in islanded micro-grid network is the frequency dynamical responses. The frequency analysis for multi-area micro-grid network model may involve a complicated of mathematical equations. This makes the researcher intending to omit several unnecessary parameters in order to simplify the equations. The purpose of this paper is to show an approach to derive the mathematical equations to represent the average behavior of frequency dynamical responses for two different micro-grid areas. Both of networks are assumed to have non-identical distributed generator behavior with different parameters. The prime mover and speed governor systems are augmented with the general swing equation. The tie line model and the information of rotor angle was considered. Then, in the last section, the comparison between this technique with the conventional approach using centre of inertia (COI) technique was defined.
Effect of mesh grid structure in reducing hot carrier effect of nmos device s...ijcsa
This paper presents the critical effect of mesh grid that should be considered during process and device
simulation using modern TCAD tools in order to develop and optimize their accurate electrical
characteristics. Here, the computational modelling process of developing the NMOS device structure is
performed in Athena and Atlas. The effect of Mesh grid on net doping profile, n++, and LDD sheet
resistance that could link to unwanted “Hot Carrier Effect” were investigated by varying the device grid
resolution in both directions. It is found that y-grid give more profound effect in the doping concentration,
the junction depth formation and the value of threshold voltage during simulation. Optimized mesh grid is
obtained and tested for more accurate and faster simulation. Process parameter (such as oxide thicknesses
and Sheet resistance) as well as Device Parameter (such as linear gain “beta” and SPICE level 3 mobility
roll-off parameter “ Theta”) are extracted and investigated for further different applications.
Simulation and Modeling of Silicon Based Single Electron TransistorIJECEIAES
In this work, we simulated and modeled silicon quantum dot based single electron transistor (SET). We simulated the device using non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism in transport direction coupled with Schrodinger equation in transverse directions. The characteristics of SET such as Coulomb blockade and Coulomb diamonds were observed. We also present a new efficient model to calculate the current voltage (IV) characteristics of the SET. The IV characteristic achieved from the model are very similar to those from simulations both in shape and magnitude. The proposed model is capable of reproducing the Coulomb diamond diagram in good agreement with the simulations. The model, which is based on transmission spectrum, is simple, efficient and provides insights on the physics of the device. The transmission spectrum at equilibrium is achieved from simulations and given as input to the model. The model then calculates the evolved transmission spectra at non-equilibrium conditions and evaluates the current using Landauers formula.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
MODELING OF PLANAR METAMATERIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS EFFECTIVE PARAMETER EXTRACTIONIAEME Publication
This paper is about designing a Metamaterial structure and the Scattering Parameter Extraction Method that has become a prime tool for Metamaterial characterization so that there is a better understanding of relation between their configuration and associated properties of these materials in terms of negative permittivity and negative permeability to explore application potential. A 2D planar Metamaterial structure has been designed, fabricated and analyzed. It consists of conducting patches and meander lines on a dielectric substrate. Electromagnetic modeling was carried out using Finite Difference Time Domain method based simulation tool EMPIRE XCcel.
MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTING adeij1
In this paper, the modeling, optimization and simulation results of the piezoelectric energy harvesting using bond graph approach are presented. Firstly, a lightweight equivalent model derived from the bond graph is proposed. It’s a comprehensive model, which is suitable for piezoelectric seismic energy harvester investigation and power optimization. The optimal charge impedance for both the resistive load and complex load are given and analysed. Finally a bond graph approach is proposed to allow optimization of the extracted energy while keeping simplicity and standalone capability. The proposed model does not rely on any inductor and is constructed with a simple switch. The power harvested is more than twice the conventional technique one on a wide band of resistive load. The bond graph model is valid close to the analysed mode centre frequency and delivers results compared to experimental and analytical data. Furthermore, we also show that the harvester can be electrically tuned to match the excitation frequency. This makes it possible to maximize the power output for both linear and non-linear loads.
A quantitative numerical model of multilayer vapor deposited organic light em...AjayaKumar Kavala
A one-dimensional numerical model for the quantitative simulation of multilayer organic light
emitting diodes ~OLEDs! is presented. It encompasses bipolar charge carrier drift with
field-dependent mobilities and space charge effects, charge carrier diffusion, trapping, bulk and
interface recombination, singlet exciton diffusion and quenching effects. Using field-dependent
mobility data measured on unipolar single layer devices, reported energetic levels of highest
occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, and realistic assumptions for experimentally not
direct accessible parameters, current density and luminance of state-of-the-art undoped
vapor-deposited two- and three-layer OLEDs with maximum luminance exceeding 10000 cd/m2
were successfully simulated over 4 orders of magnitude. For an adequate description of these
multilayer OLEDs with energetic barriers at interfaces between two adjacent organic layers, the
model also includes a simple theory of charge carrier barrier crossing and recombination at organic–
organic interfaces. The discrete nature of amorphous molecular organic solids is reflected in the
model by a spatial discretization according to actual molecule monolayers, with hopping processes
for charge carrier and energy transport between neighboring monolayers.
Consistently high Voc values in p-i-n type perovskite solar cells using Ni3+-...Pawan Kumar
Leading edge p-i-n type halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) severely underperform n-i-p PSCs. p-i-n type PSCs that use PEDOT:PSS hole transport layers (HTLs) struggle to generate open-circuit photovoltage values higher than 1 V. NiO HTLs have shown greater promise in achieving high Voc values albeit inconsistently. In this report, a NiO nanomesh with Ni3+ defect grown by the hydrothermal method was used to obtain PSCs with Voc values that consistently exceeded 1.10 V (champion Voc = 1.14 V). A champion device photoconversion efficiency of 17.75% was observed. Density functional theory modeling was used to understand the interfacial properties of the NiO/perovskite interface. The PCE of PSCs constructed using the Ni3+-doped NiO nanomesh HTL was ∼34% higher than that of conventional compact NiO-based perovskite solar cells. A suite of characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence, steady-state photoluminescence, and Kelvin probe force microscopy provided evidence of better film quality, enhanced charge transfer, and suppressed charge recombination in PSCs based on hydrothermally grown NiO nanostructures.
Modeling Under MATLAB by ANFIS of Three-Phase Tetrahedral Transformer Using i...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This work deals with the modeling of a new three-phase tetrahedral transformer of HV power
supply, which feeds three magnetrons per phase. The design of this new power supply is composed of
three single-phase with magnetic shunt transformers coupling in star; each one is size to feed voltagedoubling
cells, thereby feeds a magnetron. In order to validate the functionality of this power supply, we
simulate it under Matlab-Simulink environment. Thus, we modeled nonlinear inductance using a new
approach of neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS); this method based on the interpolation of the curve B(H) of
ferromagnetic material, the results obtained gives forms of both voltages and currents, which shows that
they are in accordance with those of experimental tests, respecting the conditions recommended by the
magnetron manufacturer
This is a Powerpoint for basic understanding regarding Molecular dynamics and NAMD simulation to providing basic information, schematic representation, to understanding the mechanism or process of molecular dynamics ( MD), and NAMD simulation brief discussion.
Average dynamical frequency behaviour for multi-area islanded micro-grid netw...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A micro-grid is a part of power system which able to operates in grid or islanding mode. The most important variable that able to give us information about the stability in islanded micro-grid network is the frequency dynamical responses. The frequency analysis for multi-area micro-grid network model may involve a complicated of mathematical equations. This makes the researcher intending to omit several unnecessary parameters in order to simplify the equations. The purpose of this paper is to show an approach to derive the mathematical equations to represent the average behavior of frequency dynamical responses for two different micro-grid areas. Both of networks are assumed to have non-identical distributed generator behavior with different parameters. The prime mover and speed governor systems are augmented with the general swing equation. The tie line model and the information of rotor angle was considered. Then, in the last section, the comparison between this technique with the conventional approach using centre of inertia (COI) technique was defined.
Effect of mesh grid structure in reducing hot carrier effect of nmos device s...ijcsa
This paper presents the critical effect of mesh grid that should be considered during process and device
simulation using modern TCAD tools in order to develop and optimize their accurate electrical
characteristics. Here, the computational modelling process of developing the NMOS device structure is
performed in Athena and Atlas. The effect of Mesh grid on net doping profile, n++, and LDD sheet
resistance that could link to unwanted “Hot Carrier Effect” were investigated by varying the device grid
resolution in both directions. It is found that y-grid give more profound effect in the doping concentration,
the junction depth formation and the value of threshold voltage during simulation. Optimized mesh grid is
obtained and tested for more accurate and faster simulation. Process parameter (such as oxide thicknesses
and Sheet resistance) as well as Device Parameter (such as linear gain “beta” and SPICE level 3 mobility
roll-off parameter “ Theta”) are extracted and investigated for further different applications.
Simulation and Modeling of Silicon Based Single Electron TransistorIJECEIAES
In this work, we simulated and modeled silicon quantum dot based single electron transistor (SET). We simulated the device using non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism in transport direction coupled with Schrodinger equation in transverse directions. The characteristics of SET such as Coulomb blockade and Coulomb diamonds were observed. We also present a new efficient model to calculate the current voltage (IV) characteristics of the SET. The IV characteristic achieved from the model are very similar to those from simulations both in shape and magnitude. The proposed model is capable of reproducing the Coulomb diamond diagram in good agreement with the simulations. The model, which is based on transmission spectrum, is simple, efficient and provides insights on the physics of the device. The transmission spectrum at equilibrium is achieved from simulations and given as input to the model. The model then calculates the evolved transmission spectra at non-equilibrium conditions and evaluates the current using Landauers formula.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
MODELING OF PLANAR METAMATERIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS EFFECTIVE PARAMETER EXTRACTIONIAEME Publication
This paper is about designing a Metamaterial structure and the Scattering Parameter Extraction Method that has become a prime tool for Metamaterial characterization so that there is a better understanding of relation between their configuration and associated properties of these materials in terms of negative permittivity and negative permeability to explore application potential. A 2D planar Metamaterial structure has been designed, fabricated and analyzed. It consists of conducting patches and meander lines on a dielectric substrate. Electromagnetic modeling was carried out using Finite Difference Time Domain method based simulation tool EMPIRE XCcel.
MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTING adeij1
In this paper, the modeling, optimization and simulation results of the piezoelectric energy harvesting using bond graph approach are presented. Firstly, a lightweight equivalent model derived from the bond graph is proposed. It’s a comprehensive model, which is suitable for piezoelectric seismic energy harvester investigation and power optimization. The optimal charge impedance for both the resistive load and complex load are given and analysed. Finally a bond graph approach is proposed to allow optimization of the extracted energy while keeping simplicity and standalone capability. The proposed model does not rely on any inductor and is constructed with a simple switch. The power harvested is more than twice the conventional technique one on a wide band of resistive load. The bond graph model is valid close to the analysed mode centre frequency and delivers results compared to experimental and analytical data. Furthermore, we also show that the harvester can be electrically tuned to match the excitation frequency. This makes it possible to maximize the power output for both linear and non-linear loads.
A quantitative numerical model of multilayer vapor deposited organic light em...AjayaKumar Kavala
A one-dimensional numerical model for the quantitative simulation of multilayer organic light
emitting diodes ~OLEDs! is presented. It encompasses bipolar charge carrier drift with
field-dependent mobilities and space charge effects, charge carrier diffusion, trapping, bulk and
interface recombination, singlet exciton diffusion and quenching effects. Using field-dependent
mobility data measured on unipolar single layer devices, reported energetic levels of highest
occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, and realistic assumptions for experimentally not
direct accessible parameters, current density and luminance of state-of-the-art undoped
vapor-deposited two- and three-layer OLEDs with maximum luminance exceeding 10000 cd/m2
were successfully simulated over 4 orders of magnitude. For an adequate description of these
multilayer OLEDs with energetic barriers at interfaces between two adjacent organic layers, the
model also includes a simple theory of charge carrier barrier crossing and recombination at organic–
organic interfaces. The discrete nature of amorphous molecular organic solids is reflected in the
model by a spatial discretization according to actual molecule monolayers, with hopping processes
for charge carrier and energy transport between neighboring monolayers.
In this paper, a three-phase load connected to a NPC three-level inverter is presented. To generate gate signals for the multilevel inverter, two commands are developed and compared: the phase disposition pulse width modulation (PDPWM) and the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM). DC supply is provided by photovoltaic cells. Boost converter controls the power transfer from photovoltaic generator. Due to nonlinear I-V characteristics of photovoltaic cells, a maximum power point tracking algorithm is adopted to maximize the output power, the nonlinear controller (sliding mode) is developed and simulated. To verify the effectivnesse of the introdueced controller, it is compared with the fuzzy logic controller. Matlab-simulink is used for simulation, analysis and interpretation the results of these controllers.
Enhancing the Performance of P3HT/Cdse Solar Cells by Optimal Designing of Ac...IOSRJEEE
The present study examined the influence of different condition like as doping , in active layer, on the performance of P3HT/CdSe Solar cells .In this work, we analyzed the best doping for the configuration of P3HT/ CdSe in order to improve the performance of the solar cell. For this aim, we investigated the current density of electrons, the electric field, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage in different doping . The results indicate that when the doping is increased in P3Ht and is decreased in CdSe, the current density of electrons, the electric field, the short-circuit current, and the open-circuit voltage are increased. Finally, we obtained doping of and for electron and hole donor respectively as the best doping for this configuration
Geomagnetically-Induced Currents (GIC) are very low-frequency currents due to the electromagnetic field induced in the earth caused by solar Geomagnetic Disturbances (GMD) such as coronal mass ejections.
For analysis purposes, the frequencies are so low that the currents may be represented as direct currents (dc) on the bulk power system. The induced currents flow through the transmission system and complete the circuit through the neutral paths in grounded-wye transformers. This quasi-dc current causes part-cycle saturation of the magnetic circuit of the transformer, yielding highly-distorted exciting currents containing both even and odd harmonics. This results in high harmonic currents in transformers, generators, and capacitor banks in the bulk power system that can damage these power delivery elements.
The capability to estimate the GIC has been incorporated into common power flow tools used in transmission system planning. However, this has not been combined with frequency-domain harmonics analysis tools. The main alternative has been to use electromagnetic transients program with lengthy run times and complicated model setups that are unfamiliar to many planning engineers.