1) A new ocean observing station was established off Eglin Air Force Base in Fort Walton Beach, Florida to monitor waves, currents, and tides using an ADCP.
2) Hourly data on currents, waves, water depth were communicated to researchers and used to study storm impacts and nearshore morphology.
3) The station consisted of an upward-looking ADCP moored to a surface buoy and collected data from 2005-2008, until it was damaged by Hurricane Dennis.
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Survey ProjectNzar Braim
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Survey Project
The system is able to withstand the harsh environment of the nearshore and acquire beach profile information across the surf zone. This paper describes the system and results of a comparison in Myrtle Beach, S.C., between surveys collected over a 3- day period by the personal watercraft system and by a similar system mounted aboard a traditional coastal survey vessel.
The bathymetric measurements for the personal watercraft-mounted echosounder surveying system display mean repetitive differences of 6 cm.
This workshop is an introductory course in Hydrographic surveying.
It is designed for surveyors, engineers, survey technicians, dredge operators, and hydrographers.
The course focuses on theoretical principles of hydrographic surveying, project description, operation, and map production.
The document provides an overview of Honeywell's Hopewell, Virginia plant and its environmental performance. It describes the plant's history and products, including its position as the world's largest producer of caprolactam and ammonium sulfate. The plant ships over 900,000 tons of ammonium sulfate annually via its pier on the James River. It also discusses projects undertaken to reduce nutrient pollution to the river by over 85% while increasing production. The document highlights the plant's certified wildlife habitat and efforts to prevent water pollution and eliminate hydraulic oil from its loading equipment.
Gowanus Canal Survey Report - Single Beam Echo SoundersSyQwest Inc.
The document is a bathymetric survey report of the Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn, New York. It was conducted in January 2010 by CR Environmental, Inc. for HDR Architecture and Engineering. The survey mapped seabed elevations using sonar equipment on boats. Elevations in the Canal ranged from -0.13 to -38 feet NAVD88. Access to some areas was limited by ice. The quality of the bathymetric data met US Army Corps of Engineers and International Hydrographic Organization guidelines for accuracy. Further surveys were recommended to map areas with limited access and locate debris.
This document provides information from a meeting of the James River Partnership regarding vessel traffic on the James River. It shows statistics on the number of ship and barge roundtrips on the river from 2008 to the projected numbers for 2013. Ship traffic has declined from 133 roundtrips in 2008 to a projected 61 in 2013. Barge traffic has fluctuated but remains significant, with over 2,000 roundtrips projected for 2013. Key cargos transported include petroleum products, aggregates, chemicals and containers.
This document discusses integrating spatial data into marine protected area monitoring and management in California's North Central Coast region. It describes two key programs, the California Seafloor and Coastal Mapping Program and the North Central Coast MPA Baseline Program, that provide spatial datasets to inform MPAs. The mapping program collected high-resolution seafloor and habitat data, while the baseline program gathered biological, socioeconomic, and imagery data. Integrating these datasets provides a more holistic understanding of the region to inform long-term MPA monitoring and adaptive management. Applications include using the data for landscape ecology models, ecosystem connectivity analyses, and derivative seafloor maps.
Sea level rise and storm surge tools and datasets supporting Municipal Resili...GrowSmart Maine
Why plan for growth and change, when it seems so much easier to simply react?
When there is a distinct and shared vision for your community - when residents, businesses and local government anticipate a sustainable town with cohesive and thriving neighborhoods - you have the power to conserve your beautiful natural spaces, enhance your existing downtown or Main Street, enable rural areas to be productive and prosperous, and save money through efficient use of existing infrastructure.
This is the dollars and sense of smart growth.
Success is clearly visible in Maine, from the creation of a community-built senior housing complex and health center in Fort Fairfield to conservation easements creating Forever Farms to Rockland's revitalized downtown. Communities have options. We have the power to manage our own responses to growth and change.
After all, “Planning is a process of choosing among those many options. If we do not choose to plan, then we choose to have others plan for us.” - Richard I. Winwood
And in the end, this means that our children and their children will choose to make Maine home and our economy will provide the opportunities to do so.
The Summit offers you a wonderful opportunity to be a part of the transformative change in Maine that we’ve seen these gatherings produce. We encourage you to consider the value of being actively involved in growing Maine’s economy and protecting the reasons we choose to live here.
High resolution hydraulic head profiles from multilevel monitoring systems can be used to delineate hydrogeologic units (HGUs) in fractured sedimentary rock. Sharp changes in head, or inflections, may indicate boundaries between HGUs or low permeability aquitards. Inflections do not always correlate with lithology and may represent discontinuities between fracture networks of adjacent rock units. Analyzing repeat head profiles from 9 wells revealed 13 potential HGUs based on patterns of vertical head gradients. The profiles provide critical evidence for conceptualizing flow patterns in layered fractured bedrock aquifer systems.
Hydrography is the branch of applied science which deals with the measurement...Hafez Ahmad
This document provides an overview of hydrography and its key components. It discusses how hydrography involves measuring and describing physical features of bodies of water for purposes like navigation safety. The end result is a nautical chart. Principal components of a hydrography survey are positioning, water depth measurements, identification of seafloor features/hazards, and characterization of seafloor type. Modern surveys rely on technologies like multibeam echosounders, GPS, and involve understanding fields like oceanography and acoustics. International standards help ensure uniformity.
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Survey ProjectNzar Braim
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Survey Project
The system is able to withstand the harsh environment of the nearshore and acquire beach profile information across the surf zone. This paper describes the system and results of a comparison in Myrtle Beach, S.C., between surveys collected over a 3- day period by the personal watercraft system and by a similar system mounted aboard a traditional coastal survey vessel.
The bathymetric measurements for the personal watercraft-mounted echosounder surveying system display mean repetitive differences of 6 cm.
This workshop is an introductory course in Hydrographic surveying.
It is designed for surveyors, engineers, survey technicians, dredge operators, and hydrographers.
The course focuses on theoretical principles of hydrographic surveying, project description, operation, and map production.
The document provides an overview of Honeywell's Hopewell, Virginia plant and its environmental performance. It describes the plant's history and products, including its position as the world's largest producer of caprolactam and ammonium sulfate. The plant ships over 900,000 tons of ammonium sulfate annually via its pier on the James River. It also discusses projects undertaken to reduce nutrient pollution to the river by over 85% while increasing production. The document highlights the plant's certified wildlife habitat and efforts to prevent water pollution and eliminate hydraulic oil from its loading equipment.
Gowanus Canal Survey Report - Single Beam Echo SoundersSyQwest Inc.
The document is a bathymetric survey report of the Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn, New York. It was conducted in January 2010 by CR Environmental, Inc. for HDR Architecture and Engineering. The survey mapped seabed elevations using sonar equipment on boats. Elevations in the Canal ranged from -0.13 to -38 feet NAVD88. Access to some areas was limited by ice. The quality of the bathymetric data met US Army Corps of Engineers and International Hydrographic Organization guidelines for accuracy. Further surveys were recommended to map areas with limited access and locate debris.
This document provides information from a meeting of the James River Partnership regarding vessel traffic on the James River. It shows statistics on the number of ship and barge roundtrips on the river from 2008 to the projected numbers for 2013. Ship traffic has declined from 133 roundtrips in 2008 to a projected 61 in 2013. Barge traffic has fluctuated but remains significant, with over 2,000 roundtrips projected for 2013. Key cargos transported include petroleum products, aggregates, chemicals and containers.
This document discusses integrating spatial data into marine protected area monitoring and management in California's North Central Coast region. It describes two key programs, the California Seafloor and Coastal Mapping Program and the North Central Coast MPA Baseline Program, that provide spatial datasets to inform MPAs. The mapping program collected high-resolution seafloor and habitat data, while the baseline program gathered biological, socioeconomic, and imagery data. Integrating these datasets provides a more holistic understanding of the region to inform long-term MPA monitoring and adaptive management. Applications include using the data for landscape ecology models, ecosystem connectivity analyses, and derivative seafloor maps.
Sea level rise and storm surge tools and datasets supporting Municipal Resili...GrowSmart Maine
Why plan for growth and change, when it seems so much easier to simply react?
When there is a distinct and shared vision for your community - when residents, businesses and local government anticipate a sustainable town with cohesive and thriving neighborhoods - you have the power to conserve your beautiful natural spaces, enhance your existing downtown or Main Street, enable rural areas to be productive and prosperous, and save money through efficient use of existing infrastructure.
This is the dollars and sense of smart growth.
Success is clearly visible in Maine, from the creation of a community-built senior housing complex and health center in Fort Fairfield to conservation easements creating Forever Farms to Rockland's revitalized downtown. Communities have options. We have the power to manage our own responses to growth and change.
After all, “Planning is a process of choosing among those many options. If we do not choose to plan, then we choose to have others plan for us.” - Richard I. Winwood
And in the end, this means that our children and their children will choose to make Maine home and our economy will provide the opportunities to do so.
The Summit offers you a wonderful opportunity to be a part of the transformative change in Maine that we’ve seen these gatherings produce. We encourage you to consider the value of being actively involved in growing Maine’s economy and protecting the reasons we choose to live here.
High resolution hydraulic head profiles from multilevel monitoring systems can be used to delineate hydrogeologic units (HGUs) in fractured sedimentary rock. Sharp changes in head, or inflections, may indicate boundaries between HGUs or low permeability aquitards. Inflections do not always correlate with lithology and may represent discontinuities between fracture networks of adjacent rock units. Analyzing repeat head profiles from 9 wells revealed 13 potential HGUs based on patterns of vertical head gradients. The profiles provide critical evidence for conceptualizing flow patterns in layered fractured bedrock aquifer systems.
Hydrography is the branch of applied science which deals with the measurement...Hafez Ahmad
This document provides an overview of hydrography and its key components. It discusses how hydrography involves measuring and describing physical features of bodies of water for purposes like navigation safety. The end result is a nautical chart. Principal components of a hydrography survey are positioning, water depth measurements, identification of seafloor features/hazards, and characterization of seafloor type. Modern surveys rely on technologies like multibeam echosounders, GPS, and involve understanding fields like oceanography and acoustics. International standards help ensure uniformity.
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Surveying ProjectNzar Braim
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic
Surveying Project
This report talks about how the reconnaissance will be and it is effectively important the place that we survey and observation so the surveyor should prepare himself or herself for the project visiting site and site survey and planning and so on.
Observer visiting the site many times daily to see what is the situation and the condition and booking his or her notes recording them such as is the site ready to start the observation? Or is the site has safety to start? I mean replace safety conditions and also must have collected all this information and choose which instrument this site or this project and many other conditions should be considered after all above that I have mentioned he or she decides to start and beginning Project and surveying or not. This is the idea or this the outline recognizes.
The Use of GPS Tracking & Guidance Systems for the Chicken LIttle Joint Proje...Mark Hardesty
The document discusses a flight test program called "Acoustic Week" that was conducted to collect sensor data from various aircraft, including acoustic, seismic, infrared, and human sound jury data. Precise GPS tracking data was important to provide guidance cues for test vehicles and acquire accurate source noise data. The test collected short-range acoustic data to develop source noise hemispheres, which are used as inputs for the Rotorcraft Noise Model (RNM) to predict long-range noise footprints and validate acoustic detection models. The tracking system used differential GPS to provide guidance and acquire precise position data for two test vehicles.
The document outlines the duties and responsibilities of mine surveyors according to coal mining regulations. It discusses requirements for accurate mine plans, monitoring safety risks, and ensuring proper drainage and flood control. Key responsibilities of surveyors include measuring accident sites, monitoring for subsidence and stability, updating plans, and correlating surface and underground surveys. They must also provide input on hazard plans, implement monitoring systems, and investigate community complaints.
Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R SpacecraftArt Charo
The document summarizes a National Research Council committee's prioritization of climate measurement capabilities that were lost or degraded following changes to the NPOESS and GOES-R satellite programs. The committee ranked measurements in four tiers based on their importance to climate science, and made recommendations to recover top-tier capabilities. Key recommendations included developing a microwave radiometer, radar altimeter, and Earth radiation budget instruments, as well as restoring hyperspectral coverage and geostationary sounders.
This letter provides water quality results from groundwater extraction at two wells, FW-6 and FW-21B, as part of an interim remedial measure to address organic impacts in the Upper Floridan Aquifer at a contaminated site. Naphthalene concentrations declined by around 50% in the extraction wells and downgradient monitoring wells since pumping began. While concentration declines correlate with pumping, the role of pumping versus natural fluctuations requires further monitoring. The letter concludes that pumping appears to be lowering concentrations but the long-term impact remains unclear.
- AMDAR is an automated aircraft-based observing system that is a component of WMO's WIGOS and GOS observing systems. It provides meteorological data from aircraft in near-real-time to NMHSs and for inclusion on the WMO GTS.
- AMDAR uses existing aircraft sensors and communications to collect parameters like wind, temperature, humidity, and turbulence. The data meets WMO requirements for accuracy and supports aviation operations and numerical weather prediction.
- The roles and responsibilities of the partners involved - WMO, NMHSs, airlines - are defined to establish AMDAR programs, ensure data quality, and maximize the benefits of the additional observations.
The document summarizes field methods used to collect high-accuracy elevation data from salt marshes at Assateague Island National Seashore using real-time kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS). Elevation points were collected on a 20m grid across 13 marsh sites. Water level loggers were also deployed to understand tidal influences. Preliminary results from one site, DA1, showed RTK-GPS more accurately characterized marsh surface elevations compared to LiDAR, with an average 20cm difference. The project aims to provide detailed elevation data and tidal datums to inform sea level rise and storm impact modeling in national parks.
This document provides guidelines for the inspection and maintenance of dams and appurtenant structures in India. It outlines the key records that should be maintained at dam sites, including design plans, construction records, instrumentation data, and emergency response plans. It describes the important aspects to examine during periodic inspections, such as drainage systems, seepage, cracks, and instrumentation. Special attention should be paid to monitoring concrete/masonry dams for leakage and earth/rockfill dams for instrumentation readings and drainage. Thorough inspections are needed after floods or earthquakes to check for any damage.
IRJET- Flood Susceptibility Assessment through GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Appro...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed flood susceptibility in the Atalanti river basin in Central Greece using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach. The study considered various flood factors like rainfall intensity, flow accumulation, slope, land use, geology, soil type, distance from drainage network, topographic wetness index, and elevation. These factors were assigned weights using both ranking and analytical hierarchy process to produce flood susceptibility maps dividing the area into seven classes of susceptibility. The results showed that about 16% of the total area had the highest flood potential, mainly in the low-lying eastern plains, while about 43% had low flood potential in the northwestern and southwestern hilly areas as expected. The flood susceptibility mapping can
Condition Studied Moisture of Ground Agryculture Production in Azerbaijan to ...CrimsonpublishersMedical
Condition Studied Moisture of Ground Agryculture Production in Azerbaijan to Achieve Ecological Clean Products by Aliev ZH in International Journal of Medical Sciences
This document provides an overview of groundwater data for the Stampriet Transboundary Aquifer between Namibia and Botswana. It includes a locality plan showing the study area, as well as sections on meteorology, geology, hydrogeological classification, and listings of 14 existing data sources for the region. These data sources include documents, water quality maps and data, thesis, borehole data, reports on geophysics, drilling and monitoring, isotopic investigations, water level data, abstraction data, and a hydrogeological map of Namibia.
This document provides guidance on conducting reduced level surveys to establish accurate elevation references for groundwater monitoring structures like piezometers and observation wells. It discusses the importance of accuracy in elevation data for interpreting groundwater levels and flow. Methods covered include conventional surveying with leveling instruments, total stations, and GPS. The document recommends an accuracy of 10 mm per km in flat coastal areas and 50 mm per km elsewhere for hydrogeological studies. It also discusses establishing elevations relative to mean sea level using benchmarks from the Great Trigonometric Survey network maintained by Survey of India.
1992 Report of the North Carolina Environmental Sciences Review Panel to the ...jclark_selc
The document summarizes the findings and recommendations of the 1992 North Carolina Environmental Sciences Review Panel (ESRP) regarding the adequacy of available scientific information for offshore drilling in North Carolina waters. The ESRP identified major deficiencies in physical oceanographic, ecological, and socioeconomic data that limited the ability to understand and predict impacts. They recommended additional studies in these areas, especially for sites being considered for leasing, to provide the information needed to properly evaluate drilling proposals and protect the environment.
This document provides guidance on network design and site selection for water level and streamflow stations. It outlines the key steps in the network design process, including defining objectives, evaluating the existing network, identifying gaps, prioritizing stations, and estimating costs. It emphasizes collecting relevant background information and maps. Site selection involves defining objectives, conducting desk studies and field surveys, and selecting locations suitable for specific measurement methods and equipment based on factors like hydrology, access, and costs. The document provides detailed guidelines for selecting sites for water level gauges, current meter measurements, and other streamflow estimation techniques.
This bulletin gives an estimate of the accuracy of MERCATOR OCEAN’s analyses and forecast for the season of January-February-March 2011. It also provides a summary of useful information on the context of the production for this period. Diagnostics will be displayed for the global 1/12° (PSY4), global ¼° (PSY3) and the Atlantic and Mediterranean zoom at 1/12° (PSY2) monitoring and forecasting systems currently producing daily 3D temperature salinity and current products. In this fourth issue, we present a short validation study in the North West Pacific near Japan in the context of the catastrophe of March 2011. Finally we introduce the Mercator Ocean global ¼° reanalysis GLORYS2V1 products currently available via MyOcean V1 for the 1993- 2009 period, and more specifically the quality control of in situ profiles based on GLORYS2V1 innovations.
Modeling the Effects of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Wetlands
Marc Carullo, GIS/Environmental Analyst, Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM)
Discovery of Perched Aquifer When Assessing Aquifer Potential along the flood...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
It’s hard to get a highly Paid Job without any information & Skills. All the corporate culture needs prior experience. They don’t want to waste their resources to the people who don’t know. SO come to us, Get yourself trained by knowing the history of the field, business structure, your route of finding a place in one of the biggest job producing markets of the world with just a little effort to develop the skills. TSK- Training For skills and knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad Pakistan for trainings and courses which leads you towards highly paid jobs. For more info visit www.trainingcourses.com.pk
The Savannah River Site in South Carolina covers 198,344 acres and produced plutonium and tritium for national defense from the 1950s to 1980s. Major long-term stewardship activities include institutional controls, maintenance of treatment systems, and groundwater monitoring. An estimated 10% of the site requires long-term stewardship. Over 300 of 500 contaminated acres have been remediated, and technologies like soil vapor extraction and pump-and-treat systems are used to treat groundwater and soils. The site now focuses on environmental management and nuclear materials stewardship.
Being the HIPAA Security and Privacy Official involves not only ensuring you know the appropriate patient rights and controls on your uses and disclosures of protected health information, but you also have the proper policies and procedures in place.
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic Surveying ProjectNzar Braim
Reconnaissance for Hydrographic
Surveying Project
This report talks about how the reconnaissance will be and it is effectively important the place that we survey and observation so the surveyor should prepare himself or herself for the project visiting site and site survey and planning and so on.
Observer visiting the site many times daily to see what is the situation and the condition and booking his or her notes recording them such as is the site ready to start the observation? Or is the site has safety to start? I mean replace safety conditions and also must have collected all this information and choose which instrument this site or this project and many other conditions should be considered after all above that I have mentioned he or she decides to start and beginning Project and surveying or not. This is the idea or this the outline recognizes.
The Use of GPS Tracking & Guidance Systems for the Chicken LIttle Joint Proje...Mark Hardesty
The document discusses a flight test program called "Acoustic Week" that was conducted to collect sensor data from various aircraft, including acoustic, seismic, infrared, and human sound jury data. Precise GPS tracking data was important to provide guidance cues for test vehicles and acquire accurate source noise data. The test collected short-range acoustic data to develop source noise hemispheres, which are used as inputs for the Rotorcraft Noise Model (RNM) to predict long-range noise footprints and validate acoustic detection models. The tracking system used differential GPS to provide guidance and acquire precise position data for two test vehicles.
The document outlines the duties and responsibilities of mine surveyors according to coal mining regulations. It discusses requirements for accurate mine plans, monitoring safety risks, and ensuring proper drainage and flood control. Key responsibilities of surveyors include measuring accident sites, monitoring for subsidence and stability, updating plans, and correlating surface and underground surveys. They must also provide input on hazard plans, implement monitoring systems, and investigate community complaints.
Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R SpacecraftArt Charo
The document summarizes a National Research Council committee's prioritization of climate measurement capabilities that were lost or degraded following changes to the NPOESS and GOES-R satellite programs. The committee ranked measurements in four tiers based on their importance to climate science, and made recommendations to recover top-tier capabilities. Key recommendations included developing a microwave radiometer, radar altimeter, and Earth radiation budget instruments, as well as restoring hyperspectral coverage and geostationary sounders.
This letter provides water quality results from groundwater extraction at two wells, FW-6 and FW-21B, as part of an interim remedial measure to address organic impacts in the Upper Floridan Aquifer at a contaminated site. Naphthalene concentrations declined by around 50% in the extraction wells and downgradient monitoring wells since pumping began. While concentration declines correlate with pumping, the role of pumping versus natural fluctuations requires further monitoring. The letter concludes that pumping appears to be lowering concentrations but the long-term impact remains unclear.
- AMDAR is an automated aircraft-based observing system that is a component of WMO's WIGOS and GOS observing systems. It provides meteorological data from aircraft in near-real-time to NMHSs and for inclusion on the WMO GTS.
- AMDAR uses existing aircraft sensors and communications to collect parameters like wind, temperature, humidity, and turbulence. The data meets WMO requirements for accuracy and supports aviation operations and numerical weather prediction.
- The roles and responsibilities of the partners involved - WMO, NMHSs, airlines - are defined to establish AMDAR programs, ensure data quality, and maximize the benefits of the additional observations.
The document summarizes field methods used to collect high-accuracy elevation data from salt marshes at Assateague Island National Seashore using real-time kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS). Elevation points were collected on a 20m grid across 13 marsh sites. Water level loggers were also deployed to understand tidal influences. Preliminary results from one site, DA1, showed RTK-GPS more accurately characterized marsh surface elevations compared to LiDAR, with an average 20cm difference. The project aims to provide detailed elevation data and tidal datums to inform sea level rise and storm impact modeling in national parks.
This document provides guidelines for the inspection and maintenance of dams and appurtenant structures in India. It outlines the key records that should be maintained at dam sites, including design plans, construction records, instrumentation data, and emergency response plans. It describes the important aspects to examine during periodic inspections, such as drainage systems, seepage, cracks, and instrumentation. Special attention should be paid to monitoring concrete/masonry dams for leakage and earth/rockfill dams for instrumentation readings and drainage. Thorough inspections are needed after floods or earthquakes to check for any damage.
IRJET- Flood Susceptibility Assessment through GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Appro...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that assessed flood susceptibility in the Atalanti river basin in Central Greece using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach. The study considered various flood factors like rainfall intensity, flow accumulation, slope, land use, geology, soil type, distance from drainage network, topographic wetness index, and elevation. These factors were assigned weights using both ranking and analytical hierarchy process to produce flood susceptibility maps dividing the area into seven classes of susceptibility. The results showed that about 16% of the total area had the highest flood potential, mainly in the low-lying eastern plains, while about 43% had low flood potential in the northwestern and southwestern hilly areas as expected. The flood susceptibility mapping can
Condition Studied Moisture of Ground Agryculture Production in Azerbaijan to ...CrimsonpublishersMedical
Condition Studied Moisture of Ground Agryculture Production in Azerbaijan to Achieve Ecological Clean Products by Aliev ZH in International Journal of Medical Sciences
This document provides an overview of groundwater data for the Stampriet Transboundary Aquifer between Namibia and Botswana. It includes a locality plan showing the study area, as well as sections on meteorology, geology, hydrogeological classification, and listings of 14 existing data sources for the region. These data sources include documents, water quality maps and data, thesis, borehole data, reports on geophysics, drilling and monitoring, isotopic investigations, water level data, abstraction data, and a hydrogeological map of Namibia.
This document provides guidance on conducting reduced level surveys to establish accurate elevation references for groundwater monitoring structures like piezometers and observation wells. It discusses the importance of accuracy in elevation data for interpreting groundwater levels and flow. Methods covered include conventional surveying with leveling instruments, total stations, and GPS. The document recommends an accuracy of 10 mm per km in flat coastal areas and 50 mm per km elsewhere for hydrogeological studies. It also discusses establishing elevations relative to mean sea level using benchmarks from the Great Trigonometric Survey network maintained by Survey of India.
1992 Report of the North Carolina Environmental Sciences Review Panel to the ...jclark_selc
The document summarizes the findings and recommendations of the 1992 North Carolina Environmental Sciences Review Panel (ESRP) regarding the adequacy of available scientific information for offshore drilling in North Carolina waters. The ESRP identified major deficiencies in physical oceanographic, ecological, and socioeconomic data that limited the ability to understand and predict impacts. They recommended additional studies in these areas, especially for sites being considered for leasing, to provide the information needed to properly evaluate drilling proposals and protect the environment.
This document provides guidance on network design and site selection for water level and streamflow stations. It outlines the key steps in the network design process, including defining objectives, evaluating the existing network, identifying gaps, prioritizing stations, and estimating costs. It emphasizes collecting relevant background information and maps. Site selection involves defining objectives, conducting desk studies and field surveys, and selecting locations suitable for specific measurement methods and equipment based on factors like hydrology, access, and costs. The document provides detailed guidelines for selecting sites for water level gauges, current meter measurements, and other streamflow estimation techniques.
This bulletin gives an estimate of the accuracy of MERCATOR OCEAN’s analyses and forecast for the season of January-February-March 2011. It also provides a summary of useful information on the context of the production for this period. Diagnostics will be displayed for the global 1/12° (PSY4), global ¼° (PSY3) and the Atlantic and Mediterranean zoom at 1/12° (PSY2) monitoring and forecasting systems currently producing daily 3D temperature salinity and current products. In this fourth issue, we present a short validation study in the North West Pacific near Japan in the context of the catastrophe of March 2011. Finally we introduce the Mercator Ocean global ¼° reanalysis GLORYS2V1 products currently available via MyOcean V1 for the 1993- 2009 period, and more specifically the quality control of in situ profiles based on GLORYS2V1 innovations.
Modeling the Effects of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Wetlands
Marc Carullo, GIS/Environmental Analyst, Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM)
Discovery of Perched Aquifer When Assessing Aquifer Potential along the flood...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
It’s hard to get a highly Paid Job without any information & Skills. All the corporate culture needs prior experience. They don’t want to waste their resources to the people who don’t know. SO come to us, Get yourself trained by knowing the history of the field, business structure, your route of finding a place in one of the biggest job producing markets of the world with just a little effort to develop the skills. TSK- Training For skills and knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad Pakistan for trainings and courses which leads you towards highly paid jobs. For more info visit www.trainingcourses.com.pk
The Savannah River Site in South Carolina covers 198,344 acres and produced plutonium and tritium for national defense from the 1950s to 1980s. Major long-term stewardship activities include institutional controls, maintenance of treatment systems, and groundwater monitoring. An estimated 10% of the site requires long-term stewardship. Over 300 of 500 contaminated acres have been remediated, and technologies like soil vapor extraction and pump-and-treat systems are used to treat groundwater and soils. The site now focuses on environmental management and nuclear materials stewardship.
Being the HIPAA Security and Privacy Official involves not only ensuring you know the appropriate patient rights and controls on your uses and disclosures of protected health information, but you also have the proper policies and procedures in place.
This document discusses social differences and divisions. It begins by defining social differences as differences based on attributes like gender, physical characteristics, socioeconomic status, and personal choices. While social differences exist, they do not always lead to divisions. Divisions occur when one difference, like religion or language, becomes more important than others and people strongly identify with one group. Overlapping differences are more likely to cause tensions, while cross-cutting differences allow people to belong to multiple groups. The expression of social divisions in politics can further intensify divisions and potentially lead to conflicts, but in a democracy some political expression is normal if handled properly.
Transportation and Logistics food transportation food safety rules are currently being finalized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Under congressional instructions, the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) requires the FDA to establish rules to improve,
O documento descreve as atividades realizadas na classe Maternal II A pela professora Talita, incluindo identificar os aspectos do mosquito da dengue, confecção de máscaras do mosquito, apresentação de música, jogos como quebra-cabeça e boliche, oficinas de culinária e atividades sobre o Dia do Índio.
When to see your Dermatologist by Matthew David Cole MDM. David Cole, MD
This document discusses when it is important to see a dermatologist. It notes that many people hesitate to see doctors due to fears over time, money or bad news. However, it is important to overcome these fears and see a dermatologist for conditions like acne, eczema, skin cancers, rosacea or skin infections. Seeing a dermatologist is important as they can properly diagnose conditions and determine the best treatments, whereas over-the-counter products may not be effective. The document encourages readers to see Dr. Matthew David Cole if they need a dermatologist.
Este documento resume la tos ferina (pertussis), una enfermedad infecciosa causada por la bacteria Bordetella pertussis. Describe la historia, características, epidemiología, patogenia, cuadro clínico, diagnóstico, tratamiento y complicaciones de la tos ferina. La tos ferina sigue siendo una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad infantil a nivel mundial a pesar de la disponibilidad de vacunas efectivas.
Developing a Model to Validate the Use of Landsat and MODIS Data to Monitor C...daileya
This document describes developing a model to analyze Landsat and MODIS data to monitor coastal wetland areas in Louisiana for persistent saltwater intrusion. The model combines data from various sources, including USGS monitoring stations and Landsat imagery, to identify relationships between salinity, flooding, and vegetation changes. It extracts relevant data for selected dates and locations to produce a database for analyzing how wetlands respond to physical changes. Results show the procedure fulfills requirements for sorting multi-source data and aiding interpretation of remote sensing products for coastal wetland monitoring and restoration.
This document presents an underwater acoustic sensor network for early warning generation of tsunamis. It discusses flaws in existing tsunami early warning systems, and proposes an integrated system using underwater sensor networks, satellites, and terrestrial communication networks. Key challenges addressed include power optimization, modulation schemes, and routing for underwater acoustic networks. Performance is measured by reliability and timeliness of warnings. Further improvements could include better simulations, decision support, and tsunami modeling.
About the paper USC CINAPS Builds Bridges Observing and Monitoring the Southe...Giovanni Murru
About the paper
USC CINAPS Builds Bridges Observing and Monitoring the Southern California Bight.
In the presentation we also talk about the importance of robots in response to the BP Oil disaster, also knows as Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
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2. The Office of Naval Research is funding projects to improve global weather prediction models and tools to help Navy forecasters predict storms and conditions anywhere sailors and marines operate.
3. One project called TC-COAMPS is a new coupled ocean-atmosphere model that allows for real-time high resolution forecasting of tropical cyclones and was the first dynamic model to outperform statistical hurricane forecasts at NOAA.
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NOAA's National Oceanographic Data CenterUserservices
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The document summarizes the Ocean Data and Information System (ODIS) developed by the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services. ODIS integrates heterogeneous ocean data from various observing systems into a centralized database to provide web-based data and information services. It receives over 5 terabytes of real-time data annually from in situ platforms like Argo floats and remote sensing satellites. The data goes through quality control before being loaded into the database. ODIS then makes this quality controlled data available through various web-based services like potential fishing zone advisories and ocean state forecasts using interactive maps and other visualization tools. These services provide ocean data, forecasts and advisories to users in multiple languages.
Tide Prediction GIS Model for Willapa Bayfireflytza
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Remote sensing via satellite provides opportunities to fill information gaps for sustainable water management. Recent developments in satellite technology, such as the Sentinel missions, allow for more accurate monitoring of surface water resources. Remote sensing can estimate variables like precipitation, evaporation, soil moisture, and water levels that support applications like flood forecasting and irrigation management. However, challenges remain in validating remote sensing data and building local technical capacity.
Amchitka Island is a 30,000 hectare site in Alaska where the US conducted three underground nuclear tests between 1965-1971. Long-term stewardship activities include monitoring soil and groundwater for contamination, and enforcing access restrictions to prevent intrusion into contaminated areas. Monitoring is conducted every 5 years at a cost of about $23,000 per year. The US Fish and Wildlife Service manages the island as a wildlife refuge, while the US Department of Energy maintains restrictions on the test areas indefinitely.
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The objective of this project was to collect acoustic images from the continental shelf off the coast of New Jersey to obtain evidence of climate change from the geologic record. Over six weeks in the summer of 2015, a team deployed a 3-kilometer hydrophone streamer and a P-Cable system with 24 streamers and 96 hydrophones each to collect seismic data. Navigation of the seismic equipment was done using GPS systems. The author's duties included monitoring the single streamer data collection, observing the seismic source, aiding with deployment and recovery of equipment, and later controlling the spare reel holding the P-Cable streamers.
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2) Results from instrumentation at the Friday Harbor site that validate the theoretical model and show how factors like wave frequency influence transmission.
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2. Fig. 1 Location map of WAVCIS stations and the MMS mandated ADCP platforms along northern Gulf of Mexico
As part of the expansion of our ocean observing program, we have also implemented a suite of third generation wind, wave
and hydrodynamic models for the northern Gulf of Mexico. MIKE 21, SWAN, WAVEWATCH-III and WAM models are
currently operational and provide eighty-four (84) hours of wave forecasts. The wave models are forced using the North
American meso-scale (NAM) model wind data, provided by the National Center for Environmental Prediction
(NCEP/NOAA). Near real-time skill assessment of the simulated bulk wave parameters are also implemented and the results
are available online.
II. STATION LOGISTICS AND SENSOR PACKAGE
Much of the hardware and software components for the WAVCIS program have been designed and fabricated at the
Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University (CSI/LSU). The hardware consists of three components, viz.,
measurement module, communication module and power supply. The software includes the remote control and
communication module as well as the data processing module. Instead of setting up the station on an oil platform facility, as
has been the practice along the Louisiana and Mississippi coasts, the CSI FTW station was based on a moored surface buoy
(see Fig. 2), which was tethered to an upward looking ADCP, deployed on a trawl resistant platform at the 11 m isobath. The
data communication between the buoy and the ADCP was effected through cable connection. This type of deployment
necessitated more frequent attention as the chances of vandalism, and the logistical challenges in near-real time data
communication created issues. Unlike Louisiana, fixed platforms were unavailable for sensor mounting.
The hydrodynamic sensor package for the CSI FTW station comprised a Teledyne RDI ADCP (1200 KHz), which provided
measurements of current profiles, directional waves and water level. The on-site data were stored in a Campbell CR23X
Data-Logger, embedded in the surface Buoy (Fig. 2). The CR23X also functioned as the central control of the remote station.
The entire automated operation of data collection, initial on-site processing and data communication were executed by the
software developed by Coastal Studies Institute personnel, upon the operation-platform and interface-drivers provided by
Campbell Scientific Inc®
. The user-developed software controls the sampling scheme and the operational control of all of the
sensors in addition to the computer.
3. Fig. 2 Surface Buoy at the Fort Walton WAVCIS station (CSI FTW)
The ADCP was operated in burst mode and the data measured offshore were stored in the Campbell data logger on-site and
transferred to the WAVCIS data processing laboratory via cellular telecommunication. A router was set-up on the
meteorological tower, located on Santa Rosa Island, to facilitate secured and rapid communication with Data Servers located
in the WAVCIS Laboratory. Downloaded data were processed by a post-processing program. This program reads the semi-
processed data, which had been initially processed on-board for the wave and current components. The post-processing
program also read each time, related settings of the ADCP prior to processing them. After QA/QC, the processed real-time
data were archived in an SQL database which was viewed and queried by users using the web interface. For the WAVCIS
stations, in general, hourly communications of met-ocean data were accomplished through a dedicated telephone line at the
receiving station. The automated communication is controlled by Symantec’s®
PC Anywhere®
software with the capability
of regular data downloading and remote control of the station computer and sensors from the base station. The data sampling
and communication schemes can be modified remotely from the land station. The remote access capability also allowed
quality checks of the various sensor packages as well as the station power supply.
III. DATA PROCESSING
A. Meteorological Data
Wind and other meteorological data from the region were analyzed using in-situ data from the weather station PCLF1,
located at Pensacola Bay, owned and maintained by NOAA’s National Ocean Service. This station was located well inside
the Bay and was far away from the CSI FTW station. Unfortunately, another coastal station, located at Panama City, farther
east, was not operational during the study period. Annual met-ocean conditions in Pensacola Bay, based on data from PCLF1,
are provided in Fig. 3. The data correspond to 2007 and no major hurricanes or tropical storms impacted the coast during this
period. Wind-climate for the study area was characterized by a low-energy regime, except during the cold front season, when
wind speed increased and the direction changed from south-easterly/southerly to north-westerly/northerly, as the storm
crossed the coast. This has been well documented in [8-10]. The in-situ data from the station for 2007 (2007/01/01-
2007/12/31) indicated that approximately 60% of the duration of this study, wind speed was less than or equal to 3 m s-1
and
for 30% of the time, between 3 and 6 m s-1
. Because no major hurricanes or tropical storms came ashore during 2007, the
maximum wind speed recorded was approximately 15 m/s. Winds predominantly blew from the north to southwest, although
the direction was highly variable (Fig. 3). Atmospheric pressure annual statistics shows a normal distribution with almost 40%
of the time surface pressure was in the range 1015-1020 hPa. Sea Surface temperature also shows warm trends with 25-30o
C
prevailing for almost 30% of the year.
4. Fig. 3 Annual met-ocean statistics for 2007, compiled from weather station PCLF1. The coastal
station was located at Pensacola Bay, western Florida
B. Ocean Data
Sampling Scheme and Data Processing
The RD Instrument’s ADCP was remotely controlled and initiated by the on-site computer via the PC208 Software. The
“WAVESMON” program controls the ADCP and provides for the storage of the raw data as well as initial processing.
Current speed and direction were provided as profiles, extending from near bottom to near water surface in successive bins of
35cm bin-width. Significant wave height, peak wave height, average period, peak period, peak wave direction and the
directional wave spectra were the parameters computed on-site (Spectral analysis procedure) and were transferred to the
WAVCIS Lab via the PC Anywhere software.
The data were processed automatically following successive data downloading every hour. The data were archived in a
relational database, and posted to the web simultaneously. The interactive web page is designed not only for users to acquire
the latest updated information, but also to provide an interface for users to access our online database. All information in the
database can be retrieved, queried, and graphically viewed on the web page. The Raw ADCP data were retrieved periodically
from the site and archived for further research and model validation studies. Also, raw data were periodically transferred to
the project sponsor at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), who has been using the data to enhance the understanding of
the nearshore/beach morphodynamics. Due to the classified nature of the data, access to the hydrodynamic observations from
the CSI FTW station has been restricted. The following figures (Fig. 4-8) provide a representative illustration of the met-
ocean data collected and processed from the CSI FTW station.
Directional Spectrum
The directional spectrum provides the distribution of wave energy in the frequency-direction domain. Given the complex
interaction of swells propagating from offshore and locally generated seas along the coastal waters, this analysis offers a
better understanding of sea state at any given time. Especially, during the approaching phase of Tropical Cyclones and other
extra tropical storms, the bimodal distribution of wave energy could be studied from this analysis. From the given plot of the
directional spectra (Fig. 9 left) it is shown that southerly waves, approaching from a broad window, 110o
– 250o
, with a wider
band width (mix of sea and swell waves), dominated the study area. This corresponds to a pre-frontal wave climate for the
coast. The wave spectrum after 10 hours, on 1st
January 2007, is provided in Fig. 9 right. The bimodal distribution of wave
energy, long period swells propagate from the south along with higher frequency westerly waves, indicates the passage of an
extra-tropical storm in the study area. This is a typical spectral evolution pattern associated with a frontal passage along the
northern Gulf of Mexico on the upper shoreface (fetch-limited condition), during winter and early spring season and has been
discussed in [9, 11].
5. Fig. 5 Time series (one month) of significant wave height distribution from 1/22/2007- 2/21/2007. The peaks in wave height are correlated to the
passage of winter storms. Significant wave height shows a maximum of 2 m
Fig. 4 Coastal current profile measured using a 1200 KHz ADCP off the Eglin Air Force Base at Fort Walton (CSI
FTW), on 15th
April 2008
6. Fig. 6 Surface current speed distributions (one month) from CSI FTW station
Fig. 7 Surface current direction distribution (one month) from CSI FTW station. Rapid shift in the current direction is attributed to the passage of
cold fronts during the winter/spring season
Fig. 8 Times series of water depth from CSI FTW station. The dominance of diurnal tidal components on the signal is evident from the time series
7. Fig. 9 Directional wave spectra during an extra-tropical winter storm crossing the coast; pre-frontal phase of the storm (left) and when the front
approaches the station (right). The evolution in the directional spectra occurred within a time period of 10 hours on 1st
January 2007. The spectral
density values are magnified for visualization purposes.
IV. DATA QUALITY CONTROL
To ensure a high level of accuracy of WAVCIS data, standardized quality control procedures have been implemented and
which consisted of four parts: 1. automatic screening, 2. Visual screening, 3. Field calibration, and 4. Documentation.
Automatic screening is designed in the post processing program which checks the range of each parameter to eliminate
outliers or other failures. Manual visual screening is performed after every download during working days and at least twice
a day during weekends and holiday seasons. Trained personnel inspect the time series graphics for each parameter, compare
different parameters with neighboring stations, e.g. wave height, direction vs. wind speed and direction. This procedure can
detect problems that the automatic procedure may not find. Field calibration was performed whenever the field crew was
deployed to the stations to ensure proper functioning of all sensors of the station. Documentation was kept on all raw data
format change, detected errors in previous procedures and might be used for future re-calculation of the raw data.
V. WAVE FORECASTING AND MODEL SKILL ASSESSMENT
As discussed in an earlier section, the vast array of observational data being collected from the WAVCIS stations have
been further used for skill assessment and for fine tuning of hydrodynamic models, viz., MIKE 21, WAVEWATCH-III,
WAM, and SWAN. As an example, MIKE 21 SW model implementation is discussed in the following section.
A MIKE 21 SW (Wave forecasting)
The MIKE 21 Spectral Wave (SW) model has been developed by DHI Water and Environment®
and has been implemented
successfully for modeling coastal wave characteristics in the North Sea [12]. The model has been implemented for the Gulf
of Mexico[13-14]. Ref. [15] implemented the model for the Florida Panhandle coast to study the bottom shear stress and
wave induced sediment re-suspension during Hurricanes Ivan and Dennis. References [16] and unpublished [17] used the
model for analyzing the hydrodynamics of Ship Shoal and Sabine Bank, along the Northern Gulf coast. The model is based
on unstructured meshes and it simulates the growth, decay and transformation of wind generated waves and swells in
offshore and coastal areas. The discretization in geographical and spectral space is performed using a cell-centered finite
volume method. In the geographical domain, an unstructured mesh is used. The integration in time is based on a fractional
step approach [12].
The model has been implemented for the Gulf of Mexico to forecast bulk wave parameters. Fine resolution synoptic
forecast maps of significant wave height and wave direction for the Gulf of Mexico and for all the coastal zones bordering the
Gulf of Mexico, including the Gulf coast of United States (see Fig. 10) Cuba and Mexico are accessible from the website.
Eighty-four (84) hour forecasts are updated daily on the WAVCIS site at 05:00 (Local Time). The model is skill assessed
with observed data from CSI FTW and the remainder of the coastal stations located along the Louisiana coast. Simulated
bulk wave parameters (significant wave height, peak wave period and mean wave direction) were plotted against hourly in
8. situ observations from WAVCIS stations and the statistical parameters were computed. Results from the skill assessment of
the MIKE 21 SW model, using in situ data from various WAVCIS stations, are also posted on the web.
VI. CONCLUSIONS
A new WAVCIS station has been set-up for the west Florida shelf, off Eglin Air Force Base, with an upward looking
ADCP deployed at ~11 m isobath for measuring the coastal currents, waves and tide. The system was originally deployed
during summer 2005 and was severely damaged due to Hurricane Dennis and was re-deployed shortly thereafter and
remained operational until early summer 2008. Meteorological data were collected from a nearby station PCLF1, operated
and maintained by NOAA’s National Ocean Service. In situ observations from CSI FTW station include current speed &
direction profiles, bulk wave parameters, directional wave spectra and water depth. Hourly processed data were
communicated to the WAVCIS station, based at Louisiana State University, through secured cellular communication. The
data are critical in monitoring wave and current transformation over the innershelf, associated with the passage of tropical
cyclones and winter storms. The user-developed software controls the sampling scheme and the operational control of all of
the sensors and even the communication protocol with the land station.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This coastal observation program was funded through the Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center; Award #
N00173-04-01-G906. Mr. William J. Gibson and the staff from Coastal Studies Institute’s Field Support Group conducted
all the field operations. Mr. Steve Dartez and Mr. Ronald Stanford are acknowledged for their technical support during the
early phase of the project. Mr. Yuliang Chen, WAVCIS Lab, is acknowledged for the GIS and Web applications support.
REFERENCES
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Fig. 10 Forecast of significant wave height and mean wave direction for the northern Gulf of Mexico, using the MIKE 21 Spectral wave
model. The red dots on the plot correspond to WAVCIS stations for which near-real time model skill assessment is implemented.
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