1. 1
tIc-f-¯nse nb-a-k`m Xnc-sª-Sp¸v Ncn-{X-¯n hen-sbmcp amäw
Ipdn¡p¶ Xnc-sª-Sp-¸mhpw ]Xn-aq¶mw nb-a-k-`-bn-te¡pÅ Xnc-sª-Sp-¸v.
1977 apXÂ CtX-hsc ap¶-Wn-IÄ amdnamdn `qcn-]£w tSp¶ Xc-¯nÂ
Nm©m-«-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-amWv BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. BZy-ambn AXv amdm³
t]mhpI-bm-Wv. CS-Xp-]£ Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶Wn h¼n¨ `qcn-]-£-t¯msS
A[nImcw ne-nÀ¯p-¶-Xnv ]Ým-¯-e-sam-cp-§n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Ignª
Hcp ]Xn-äm--n-n-S-bn-ep--mb c-v ap¶Wn Kh¬saâp-I-fpsS {]hÀ¯--
§Ä tcn«p I¬ap-¶n I--h-cmWv alm-`q-cn-]£w thm«Àam-cpw. 2001-
þ2006se bp.Un.-F-^v. `c-W-¯nsâ Zpcp-`-h-§Ä Hcp t]Sn-kz-]vw-t]mse
P§-fpsS a-Ên-se-¯p-¶p--v. IS-s¡-Wnbpw IÀj-I-B-ß-l-Xybpw
sXmgnen-Ãm-bvabpw tXm«-§Ä AS-¨p-]q-«epw ]c¼-cm-KX taJ-e-bnse
XIÀ¨bpw tImf-n-I-fnse ]«nWn-acW-§fpw s]mXp-ta-Je AS-¨n-Sepw hnä-gn-
¡epw Agn-a-Xnbpw am^nb-IfpsS hnf-bm-«hpw s]¬hm-Wn-`-§fpw {Ia-k-am-
[m XIÀ¨-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p B A©vsIm-Ãs¯ Ap-`-hw.
AXn-p-tijwh¶ CS-Xp-]£ Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶Wn Kh¬saânsâ Xnf-¡-amÀ¶
{]hÀ¯--§Ä P-§-fpsS Ap-`-h-¯n-ep--v. ImÀjn-I-ta-J-e-bntem hyh-km-
b-ta-J-e-bntem ]c-¼-cmKX sXmgnÂta-J-e-I-fntem tXm«w-ta-J-e-bntem
FhnsSbpw AkzØ-X-I-fn-Ã. FÃm taJ-e-bnepw kam-[m--am-Wv. sXmgnÂ
jvS-s¸« AhØ Fhn-sS-bp-an-Ã. Bp-Iq-ey-§Ä jvS-s¸-Sp¶ AhØ
Fhn-sS-bp-an-Ã. FÃm sXmgnÂta-J-e-bnepw BpIq-ey-§Ä hÀ[n-¸n-¡m³
Ignªp. Pohn-X-{]-bm-k-§Ä ]c-am-h[n eLq-I-cn-¡m³ Ign-ªp.
ISs¡-Wnbpw hne-¯-IÀ¨bpw ImcWw IÀjI Bß-lXy nXy-kw-`-h-am-bn-
cp¶ Ime-L-«-¯n-emWv A©v hÀjw-ap¼v CS-Xp-]£ Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶Wn
A[n-Im-c-¯n h¶-Xv. sXm«p-ap-¼s¯ A©v hÀjw Bbn-c-¯-ªqdv Irjn-
¡m-cmWv BßlXy sNbvX-Xv. CS-Xp-]£ Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶Wn Kh¬saâv
BZy-ambn Gä-hp-a-[nIw {i² ]Xn-¸n¨ taJe CXm-Wv. {lkz-Ime þ ZoÀL-
Ime ]²-Xn-IÄ Bhn-jv¡-cn¨v ImÀjn-I-ta-J-esb c£n-¡p-¶-Xnv Du¶Â
ÂIn. Bß-lXy sNbvX Irjn-¡m-cpsS IS-§Ä apgp-h³ Fgp-Xn-¯-Åp-
Ibpw Ah-cpsS B{in-XÀ¡v Ac-e£w cq] hoXw [-k-lmbw ÂIp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. XpSÀ¶v ImÀjnIIS-§Ä¡v samd-t«m-dnbw GÀs¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw
AXnsâ Imem-h[n Xocpw-ap-¼vXs¶ ImÀjnI ISm-izmk nbaw sIm-p-h-cn-
Ibpw sNbvXp. IÀj-I-s]³jpw C³jp-d³kpw hnf C³jp-d³kpw ]en-i-

2. 2
c-lnX hmbv]bpw S-¸m-¡n. ImÀjn-tIm-ev]m-Z hÀ[--¡pÅ ka-{K-amb
IÀ½-]-²Xn S-¸m-¡n. tI{µ-¯n k½À±w sNep¯n ImkÀt¡m-Sv, hb-m-Sv,
]me-¡mSv PnÃ-IÄ¡mbn {]tXyI ]mt¡Pv tSn-sb-Sp-¡p-Ibpw tI{µ-þ-
kwØm kwbp-àm-`n-ap-Jy-¯n S-¸m-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. nc-´c k½À±-
¯n-eqsS Ip«-m-Sv, CSp¡n ]mt¡-Pp-IÄ tSn-sb-Sp-¯p. sÃnsâ kw`-c-W-
hne Ggv cq]-bm-bn-cp-¶Xv L«w-L-«-ambn 14 cq]-bmbn hÀ[n-¸n-¨p. CsXÃmw
ImcWw ImÀjn-I-ta-J-e-bnÂn¶pw sscmiyw AI-ep-Ibpw ]pXnb
Bthiw {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Adp-]-Xn-m-bn-c-t¯mfw G¡-dnÂ
]pXpXmbn sÂIrjn Bcw-`n-¡mpw Dev]m-Z--¯n Ht¶-Im e£w
S®nsâ hÀ[ ssIh-cn-¡mpw Ign-ªp. ]¨-¡-dn-bpsS Imcy-¯n kzbw-
]cym-]vXX ssIh-cn-¡pI F¶ e£y-t¯msS S-¸m-¡nb ]²-Xn-IÄ
hensbm-c-f-thmfw e£y-¯n-se-¯n-¡m³ Ign-ªp. ]mÂ, ap«, F¶n-h-bpsS
Dev]m-Z--¯nepw à hÀ[--bp--m-bn.
ImÀjn-I-ta-J-esb F¶-t]mse aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn taJ-e-sbbpw IS-s¡-Wn-
bnÂn¶v tamNn-¸n-¨p. Ht¶-Im e£w aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn IpSpw-_-§-fpsS
380 tImSn cq]-bpsS IS-§Ä Fgp-Xn-¯-Ån. ]en-i-c-lnX hmbv]-Ifpw
k_vknUn-Ifpw ÂIn aÕy-s¯m-gn-em-fn-I-fpsS PohnXw `{Z-am-¡m³ S-]-Sn-
sb-Sp¯p. kpman Zpcn-Xm-izmk ]²-Xn-I-fpsS `mK-ambn k¼qÀ® Xoc-tZi
hnIkw bmYmÀ°y-am-¡m³ Ign-ªp. t{Smfn§v ntcm-[--Im-e¯v Xoc-tZi
taJ-e-bn kuPy tdj³ ÂIp¶ ]²Xn S-¸m-¡n. c-v cq] nc-¡nÂ
Acn ÂIp¶ ]²Xn F.]n.-FÂ., _n.]n.-FÂ. hyXym-k-an-ÃmsX apgp-h³
aÕy-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ¡pw _m[-I-am-¡n. Fkv.-kn.-þ-F-kv.-Sn. hn`m-K-§Ä¡v
ÂIp-¶-Xp-t]m-epÅ hnZym-`ym-km-p-Iq-ey-§Ä aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn IpSpw-_-§-
fnse hnZymÀ°n-IÄ¡pw e`y-am-¡n.
A©v hÀjw-ap¼v 110-þ120 cq]-bm-bn-cp¶ t£a-s]³j-p-IÄ mqdv cq]-bmbn
hÀ[n-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]¯v e£w-hcp¶ Akw-L-SnX taJ-e-bnse sXmgn-em-fn-
IÄ (tjm]vkv Bâv FÌm-»n-jvsaâv), c-v e£w-h-cp¶ sNdp-InS tXm«w
sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ, Irjn-¡mÀ, £oc-IÀj-IÀ, F¶n-hÀs¡Ãmw ]pXp-Xmbn
s]³j³ GÀs¸-Sp-¯n. {]hm-kn-IÄ¡v th-n cmPy-¯m-Zy-ambn Hcp t£a-
n[n nbaw sIm-p-h-cm³ ap¡v Ign-ªp. ap¸-Xve-£-¯n¸cw {]hmkn
ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v {]tbm-Pw sN¿p¶ hn[-¯n-emWv {]hmkn t£a-n[n S-
¸m¡p-¶-Xv.

3. 3
tI{µ-am--Z-Þ-{]-Imcw ]¯ve-£-¯n NnÃzmw IpSpw-_-§Ä am{X-amWv
_n.]n.-FÂ. enÌn hcn-I. F¶mÂ, Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb B amZÞ-aÃ
]mhs¸-«-hÀ¡v Bp-Iq-ey-§Ä ÂIp¶ Imcy-¯n kwØm kÀ¡mÀ
Ah-ew-_n-¡p-¶-Xv. aÕy-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ, IÀj-I-sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ apXÂ ]c-¼-
cm-K-X-ta-J-e-bnse apgp-h³ sXmgn-em-fn-I-sfbpw B{i-b-Ip-Spw-_-§-sf-bp-sa-Ãm-
apÄs¸-Sp-¯n sam¯w mev]Xv e£-t¯mfw IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v _n.]n.-FÂ.
Bp-Iq-ey-§Ä ÂIm-mWv S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¯-Xv. {]oanbw apgp-h³
kÀ¡mÀXs¶ hln-¨p-sIm--mWv Cu hn`m-K-¯nÂs¸« IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v
ka{K BtcmKy C³jp-d³kv ]²Xn S-¸m-¡nbXv. Bh-iy-¯nv tUmIvSÀam-
scbpw gvkp-am-scbpw nb-an¨pw anI¨ ASn-Øm--ku-I-cy-§Ä GÀs¸-Sp-
¯nbpw acp-¶p-IÄ kuP-y-ambn e`y-am-¡nbpw kÀ¡m-cm-ip-]-{Xn-Isf kpk-
Ö-am-¡m³ Ign-ªp.
c-v cq] nc-¡n tdj-cn e`y-am-¡p-¶ ]²Xn hn]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯n. n_-Ô--
IÄ¡v hnt[-b-ambn _n.]n.-FÂ þ F.]n.-FÂ hyXym-k-an-ÃmsX S-¸m-¡p-I-bm-
Wn-t¸mÄ. sam¯w Fgp-]Xv e£-t¯mfw ImÀUp-S-a-I-fn Adp-]Xv e£-
t¯mfw IpSpw-_-§-fm-Wn-Xnsâ KpW-t`m-àm-¡Ä.
ap³ `c-W-Im-e¯v tIcfw hyh-km-b-§-fpsS acp-¸-d¼mbn ]cn-W-an-¨n-cp-¶p.
F¶m hnhn[ S-]-Sn-IÄ kzoI-cn¨v hyh-kmb hfÀ¨¡v A´-co-£-sam-cp-
¡m³ Cu Ime-b-f-hn km[y-ambn. ]q«n-bn-«n-cp¶ hyh-km-b-im-e-IÄ
Xpd¶p. jvS-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ hyh-km-b-§Ä ]px-kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨p. jvS-¯n-em-
bn-cp¶ s]mXp-ta-Jem hyh-km-b-§Ä em`-¯n-em¡n. tI{µ s]mXp-ta-J-e-bp-
ambn tNÀ¶v nch[n kwbpà kwcw-`-§Ä XpS-§n. ]¯v s]mXp-ta-Jem
hyh-km-b-im-e-IÄ ]pXp-Xmbn Bcw-`n-¨p. 883 tImSn cq] sNe-h-gn-¨p-sIm-v
s]mXp-ta-J-em-hy-h-km-b-§Ä ho-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw 70 tImSn cq] jvS-¯n-em-bn-
cp¶ Cu Øm]--§Ä sam¯w 240 tImSn cq] em`-ap--m-¡p¶ ØnXn-bn-se-
¯n-¨p. sNdp-InS hyh-km-b-ta-J-e-bnepw h³In-S-þ-C-S-¯cw hyh-kmb taJ-e-
I-fn-ep-ambn Ht¶-ap-¡m e£w ]pXnb sXmgn-e-h-kcw krjvSn-¨p.
sFSn, SqdnkwþtaJ-e-I-fn A`q-X-]qÀh-amb hfÀ¨-bmWv Ignª A©v
hÀj-¯n-n-S-bn D-m-b-Xv. BtKm-f-km-¼-¯nI amµy-¯nsâ kml-N-cy-
¯nepw Cu c-v taJ-e-bnepw à apt¶-ä-ap--m-bn. sFSn ASn-Øm

4. 4
kuIcyw A©v aS-§mbn hÀ[n-¨p. ]Xn-m-bn-c-¡-W-¡nv sXmgn-e-h-k-c-§Ä
krjvSn¨p. sSIvtm-]mÀ¡npw C³t^m-]mÀ¡npw ]pdsa tImgn-t¡mSv
tI{µo-I-cn¨v ssk_À]mÀ¡v Øm]n-¨p. ssk_À ]mÀ¡nsâ Iogn tImgn-
t¡m«pw I®q-cnepw (Fcaw) ImkÀt¡m«pw (Nota-n) sFSn ]mÀ¡p-IfpsS
nÀ½mWw XpS-§n. sImÃw PnÃ-bnse Ip--d-bnepw Be-¸pg PnÃbnse
tNÀ¯-e-bnepw XriqÀ PnÃ-bnse sImc-«n-bnepw sFSn ]mÀ¡v Bcw-`n-¨p.
tIcfw Im¯n-cn-¡p¶ kvamÀSvknän ]²Xn bmYmÀ°y-am-hp-I-bm-Wv. C³t^m-
]mÀ¡v hn«pÂI-Ww, Fd-Wm-Ipfw PnÃ-bn aäv sF.Sn. ]mÀ¡p-IÄ ]mSn-Ã,
qtd-¡À `qan {^otlmÄUv ÂI-Ww, 33000 t]À¡p-am-{Xta sXmgn ÂIm-
mhq Fs¶-Ãm-apÅ ]gb hyh-Ø-IÄ Hgn-hm-¡n-bmWv kvamÀSvknän S-¸m-hp-
¶-Xv. C{X Øe¯v sF.Sn Bh-iy-¯n-pÅ sI«nSw thW-sa-¶pw, AXv
C¶n¶ Ime-L-«-¯n ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡-W-sa¶pw IcmÀ ewLn-¨m `qan Xncn-
s¨-Sp-¡p-sa¶pw hyhØ sNbvXp-sIm--mWv Ct¸mÄ kvamÀSvknän S-¸m-¡p-
¶-Xv. Hcp-e£w t]À¡v sXmgn e`n-¡m³ X¡-hn-[-¯n C³t^m-]mÀ¡v
hnI-kn-¨p-sIm--n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
]me-¡mSv sdbnÂth Unhn-j³ hn`-Pn-¡p¶ L«-¯n kwØm
Kh¬saâv S¯nb ià-amb kaÀ±s¯ XpSÀ¶v ]me-¡m«v tIm¨v
^mIvSdn Ap-h-Zn-¡m³ tI{µw nÀ_-²-am-bn. tIm¨v ^mIvS-dn-¡m-h-iy-amb
Øew apgp-h³ kwØm kÀ¡mÀ e`y-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. F¶mÂ,
tIm¨v ^mIvS-dn-bpsS nÀam-W-{]-hr¯n Bcw-`n-¡m³ S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¡msX
AmØ ImWn-¡p-I-bmWv tI{µ sdbnÂth a{´m-e-bw. sIm¨n sat{Sm
sdbn ]²Xn S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xnv Ignª mev hÀj-ambn nc-´-c-{iaw S-¯n-
h-cn-I-bm-Wv. AXnsâ ^e-ambn ]²-Xn¡v tI{µ-K-h¬saânsâ ApIqe ne-
]m-Sp--m-¡m³ Ign-ªp. F¶m tI{µ-þ-kw-Øm kwbp-à-kw-cw-`-ambn
sat{Sm ]²Xn S-¸m-¡-W-sa¶ ½psS Bhiyw AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p-I-gn-ªn-
«nÃ. sat{Sm ]²-Xn-bpambn _Ô-s¸«v tdmUv hoXn-Iq-«Â, ta¸mew
nÀamWw F¶o ]²-Xn-IÄ kwØm kÀ¡mÀ tcn«v Gsä-Sp¯v S-¸m-¡p-
I-bmWv. I®qÀ hnam--¯m-hf nÀ½m-W-¯nv Øew apgp-h³ Gsä-Sp-¡p-
Ibpw nÀam-W-{]-hr¯n XpS-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hngnªw ]²Xn S-¸m-¡p-¶-Xnv ]Ým-¯-e-sam-cp-§n-¡-gn-ªp. ]²-Xn-bp-
ambn _Ô-s¸« ASn-Øm kuI-cy-hn-I-kw 450 tImSn cq] sNe-hnÂ
kwØm kÀ¡mÀ tcn«v S-¸m-¡p-I-bm-Wv. tImhfw apX ote-izcw

5. 5
hsc Pe-]mX hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-pÅ {]hr-¯n-IÄ hen-sbm-c-f-thmfw
apt¶m«p sIm-p-t]m-Im³ Ign-ªp. sImÃw þ tIm«¸pdw tZiob Pe-]mX
I½o-j³ sNbvXp.
apÃ-s¸-cn-bmÀ {]iv-¯n ½psS Xmev]cyw kwc-£n-¡m³ AXo-h-Pm{K-X-
tbmsS {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ kwØm kÀ¡m-cnv Ign-ªp. AWs¡«v ZpÀ_-e-am-
bn-cn-¡p¶p AXn-m Pe-n-c¸v hÀ[n-¸n-¡-cpXv F¶ ½psS hmZw AwKo-I-
cn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-Wv. ]pXnb AW-s¡«v ]Wnb-W-sa¶ Xocp-am--sa-Sp¯v S-]-Sn-
I-fp-ambn apt¶m«p t]mhp-I-bmWv mw.
]mh-s¸« `qc-lnX IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v `qan e`y-am-¡p-I, `h--c-lnX IpSpw_-
§Ä¡v hoSv e`y-am-¡p-I, FÃm IpSpw-_-¯npw shÅhpw shfn-¨hpw e`y-am-
¡pI F¶ e£y-t¯msS ka-{K-amb ]²Xn ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-¯n-te¡v o§p-I-
bm-Wv. C.Fw.-F-kv. k¼qÀ® `h--]-²-Xnbpw Fw.F³. e£w-hoSv ho-I-cW
]²-Xnbpw cmPy-¯n-msI amXr-I-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. hoSv sh¡m³ `qan CÃm¯
IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v `qanbpw hoSpw ÂIp-¶p. Cu ]²Xn ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ
FÃm IpSpw-_-¯npw hoSpÅ cmPys¯ BZy kwØm--amIpw tIc-fw.
aq¶p e£-t¯mfw `h--c-lnX IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v CXnIwXs¶ hoSv e`y-am-
¡n-¡-gn-ªp. `qanbpw hoSp-an-Ãm¯ H¶c e£-t¯mfw IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v
`qanbpw hoSpw e`y-am-¡m³ S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¯p.
`qc-ln-XÀ¡v `qan-e-`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn h¼n¨ apt¶-ä-amWv Cu Ime-b-f-hn-ep--m-
b-Xv. H¶-c-e-£-¯n¸cw IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v ]«-btam ssIh-im-h-Im-i-tc-Jtbm
ÂIn. `qan Aym-[o--s¸« BZn-hmkn IpSpw-_-§Ä¡v Htc-¡À `qan-hoXw
ÂIp¶ ]²Xn ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-¯n-te¡v o§p-I-bm-Wv. Aym-[o--s¸«
kÀ¡mÀ `qan hos--Sp-¡p-¶-Xn sFXn-lm-kn-I-amb apt¶-ä-amWv Cu Ime-
b-f-hn D-m-b-Xv. aq¶m-dnÂam{Xw ]´o-cm-bn-c-¯n¸cw G¡À `qan hos--
Sp-¯p.
FÃm {Kma-¯nepw am{X-a-Ã, FÃm ho«nepw sshZypXn F¯p¶ BZy- kw-Øm-
hpw tIc-f-am-Wv. GXmpw amk-§Ä¡Iw k¼qÀ® sshZyp-Xo-I-cWw S-
¸m-¡p-I-bmWv ½psS kwØm--¯v. AXnsâ apt¶m-Sn-bmbn ]me-¡m-Sv, Be-
¸p-g, XriqÀ, Fd-Wm-Ipfw PnÃ-IÄ k¼qÀ® sshZyp-Xo-IrX PnÃ-Ifmbn
{]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-«p-I-gn-ªp. tI{µ sshZypXnhnlnXw ]Ip-Xn-tbmfw Ipd-¨n«pw

6. 6
]hÀ¡«pw temUvsj-Ín-§p-an-ÃmsX A©v hÀjhpw apt¶m«v t]mIm³
Ignªp. sshZypXn NmÀPv hÀ[n-¸n-¡m¯ GI kwØm-w. 204 saKm-hm«v
sshZypXn A[n-I-ambn Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡mpw 21e£w ]pXnb IW-£³
ÂImpw Ign-ªp.
tI{µ-¯nsâ sXämb km¼-¯nI b-§-fpsS ^e-ambn cmPy-sa§pw ntXym-
]-tbmK km[--§-fpsS hne-¡-bäw cq£-am-Wv. XnI¨pw D]-t`m-àr-kw-Øm--
am-bn«pw tIc-f-¯n hne-¡-b-ä-¯nsâ cq£X Ipd-¡m³ Ignªp. cmPys¯
atäXv kwØm--t¯bpw At]-£n¨v hne-¡-b-ä-¯nsâ tXmXv Ipd-hm-Wv tIc-
f-¯nÂ. s]mXp-hn-X-cWw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m--v, DZm-c-amb k_vknUn
ÂIn hn]Wn CS-s]-SÂ hn]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m--mWv hne-¡-bäw Hcp]cn-[n-
hsc ]nSn-¨p-nÀ¯m³ IgnªXv. hne-¡-bäw XS-bm³ kss¹-tImhpw
I¬kyq-aÀs^Upw A`n--µ-o-b-amb {]hÀ¯--amWv ImgvN-sh-¨-Xv. c-v
cq] nc-¡n tdj--cn, tdj³ IS-IÄ hgn aäv 13 ntXym-]-tbmK km[--
§ÄIqSn ymb-hn-e-bv¡v F¶n-§-s-bpÅ ]²-Xn-IÄ hnP-b-I-c-ambn S-¸m-
¡n-h-cp-¶p. AtX-k-a-bw, Ip¯s sh«n-¡p-d¨ F.]n.-FÂ. tdj--cn-hn-lnXw
]px-Øm-]n-¡m³ tI{µ-kÀ¡mÀ X¿m-dm-bn-«n-Ã. k_vkn-Un-IÄ ÂInbpw
s]mXp-hn-X-c-W-irw-Je iàn-s¸-Sp-¯nbpw hne-¡-bäw XS-bm³ kwØm
Kh¬saâv ]cn-{i-an-¡p-t¼mÄ tscadn-¨pÅ kao-]--amWv tI{µ-¯n-tâ-Xv.
s]t{Sm-fnbw Dev]-¶-§-fpsS hne-hÀ[n-¸n¨v P-Po-hnXw ZpÊ-l-am-¡p¶
kao]--amWv tI{µw kzoI-cn-¨-Xv.
A©v hÀjw-ap¼v k¼qÀ® XIÀ¨-bn-em-bn-cp¶ sI.F-kv.-BÀ.-Sn.-kn. C¶v
IS-s¡-Wn-bnÂn¶v Gsd-¡psd tamNn-X-ambn kzbw-]-cym-]vX-X-bn-te¡v IpXn-
¡p¶ Xc-¯n hfÀ¨-bn-em-Wv. {]Xn-hÀjw Bbncw ]pXnb _Êp-IÄ nc-
¯n-en-d¡n {Sm³kvt]mÀ«vcwKs¯ s]mXp-ta-Jem ]¦m-fn¯w 13Ân¶v 27 iX-
am--ambn hÀ[n-¸n-¡m³ Ign-ªp.
An-Ýn-X-Xz-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ P¸m³ IpSn-shÅ ]²-Xn DÄs¸sS ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨v
ap¸Xv e£-t¯mfw t]À¡v ]pXp-Xmbn IpSn-sh-Å-sa-¯n-¡m³ Pe-hn-`h hIp-
¸nv km[n-¨p. 222 sNdp-InS ]²-Xn-Ifpw 69 h³InS IpSn-shÅ ]²-Xn-Ifpw
]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨v Pe-hn-X-c-W-cw-K¯v hen-sbmcp IpXn-¨p-Nm«wXs¶-bp--m-¡n.

7. 7
{Ia-k-am-[m--¯n cmPy¯v H¶mw-Ømw ssIh-cn-¡mpw P-ssa{Xn
s]meokv kwhn-[m--¯n-eqsS cmPy-¯n-msI amXr-I-Im-«mpw km[n-¨-Xn-p-
]pdsa s]meo-kns Imem-p-krXw ho-I-cn-¡mpw Ign-ªp.
]cn-ØnXn kwc-£n-¨p-sIm-pw hbÂn-I-¯Â XS-ªp-sIm-pw h-hn-
kvXrXn hÀ[n-¸n-¨p-sIm--p-amWv kwØm-¯v ka-{K-amb hnI-k ]²-Xn-IÄ
S-¸m-¡n-b-sb-¶Xv A`n-am--I-c-am-Wv. A©v hÀjw-sIm-v kwØm-s¯
n£n]vX h-`q-an-bpsS hnkvXrXn mev iX-am--t¯mfw hÀ[n-¸n-¡m³
km[n¨p. Irjn-`q-ansb kwc-£n-¡m³ S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¯p. ]cn-Øn-Xn¡v BLm-
X-am-Ip¶ Hcp nÀ½m-W-{]-hr-¯nbpw Ap-h-Zn-¡n-sö IÀi ne-]mSv
kzoI-cn-¨p.
kmaq-ly-t£-a-cw-K¯v cmPy-¯n-msI amXr-I-bm-Ip¶ ]-Sn-I-fmWv kzoI-cn-
¨Xv. ]«nWn ]qÀW-ambpw nÀamÀPw sN¿p-¶-Xnv km[n-¨p. F³tUm-
kÄ^m³ Zpcn-X-_m-[n-XÀ¡v c-m-bncw cq]-hsc {]Xn-amk s]³jpw
kuPy tdjpw kuPy NnIn-Õm-kw-hn-[m-hpw GÀs¸-Sp-¯n. F®m-bn-c-
t¯mfw ]pXnb AwK³hm-Sn-IÄ Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw B taJ-e-bn am{Xw ]Xn-
m-dm-bn-c-t¯m-fw-t]À¡v ]pXp-Xmbn sXmgn ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
kÀ¡mÀ kÀho-kn nb-a--n-tcm-[w ]n³h-en-¡p-Ibpw ap¸-Xn-m-bn-c-
¯n¸cw ]pXnb XkvXn-I-IÄ krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n.F-kv.-kn.-hgn
H¶-c-e-£-¯n¸cwt]À¡v nb-a-w ÂIn. Poh--¡mÀ¡v £ma-_¯
IrXy-k-a-b¯v ÂIp-Ibpw A©v hÀj-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â i¼-f-]-cn-jv¡-c-W-
sa¶ XXz-¯n Dd-¨p-n-¶p-sIm-v H¼Xmw i¼-f-]-cn-jv¡-cWw S-¸m-¡p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. s]³j³ImÀ¡v sa¨-s¸« Bp-Iq-ey-§Ä Dd-¸m-¡n. Hscmä
Znh-kw-t]mepw {Sjdn AS-¨n-Sm-sX, km¼-¯nI sRcp¡w ]qÀW-ambpw CÃm-
Xm-¡n-s¡m-v t£a-{]-hÀ¯--§fpw hnI-k--{]-hÀ¯--§fpw ià-ambn
apt¶m-«p-sIm--p-t]m-Im³ Ign-ªp. am{X-a-Ã, aqe-[ nt£-]-¯n Gsd
{i²-]-Xn-¸n-¡m³ Ign-ªp-sh-¶Xpw {it²-b-am-Wv. Ay kwØm-, Ay
cmPy tem«-dn-IÄ tI{µ nb-a-¯nsâ ]n³_-e-¯n tIc-f-¯nÂn¶v Hmtcm
Znh-khpw tImSn-¡-W-¡nv cq]-bmWv nb-a-hn-cp² amÀK-§-fn-eqsS NqjWw
sNbvXv sIm-p-t]m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. kwØm kÀ¡mÀ IÀi S-]Sn kzoI-cn-¨-
Xn-s-¯p-SÀ¶v B Nqj-W-¯nv Adp-Xn-h-cp-¯m³ Ign-ªp.

8. 8
t£a--S-]-Sn-I-fpsS Imcy-¯nepw hnI-k--{]-hÀ¯--§-fpsS Imcy-¯nepw
ImÀjn-I-þ-hy-h-km-bn-tIm-ev]m-Zw hÀ[n-¸n-¡p¶ Imcy-¯nepw ]pXnb hnI-k-
-kw-cw-`-§-fpsS Imcy-¯n-ep-saÃmw aps¼-¶-t¯-¡mfpw henb apt¶-ä-ap--m-
¡m³ Ignª A©v hÀj-amWv ]n¶n-Sp¶Xv. Cu ASn-¯-d-bnÂn¶p-sIm-v
FÃm-ta-J-e-bnepw IqSp-XÂ ]ptcm-KXn ssIh-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-pÅ IÀa-]-²XnIÄ
apt¶m«p sh¨p-sIm--mWv FÂ.-Un.-F-^v. hcp¶ Xnc-sª-Sp-¸ns tcn-Sp-
¶Xv.
sXmgn-en-Ãm-bvabv¡v AdpXn hcp-¯p-¶-Xnv sF.Sn. DÄs¸sS kwL-SnX taJ-e-
bn A©v e£w DÄs¸sS 25 e£w sXmgn-e-h-kcw krjvSn-¡p-sa¶v CS-Xp-
]£ Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶-Wn-bpsS {]I-S ]{Xn-I-bn Dd¸v ÂIp-¶p. Ct¸mÄ
400 cq]-bmbn DbÀ¯nb t£a-s]³j³ Bbncw cq]-bmbn hÀ[n-¸n-¡p-I,
Akw-L-SnX taJ-e-bn-epw aq¶pamks¯ i¼-f-t¯m-sS-bpÅ {]k-hm-h[n,
XpS§n apgp-h³ tIc-fo-b-cp-sSbpw t£ahpw ka-{K-hn-I-k-hpw Dd¸v hcp-
¯p¶ ]²-Xn-I-fmWv FÂ.-Un.-F-^v. hn`m-hw sNbvXn-«p-Å-Xv. Hmtcm h-PmX
inip-hn-sâbpw t]cn ]Xn-m-bncw cq]-bpsS Ønc-n-t£]w S¯n `mhn-
kp-c£ Dd-¸m-¡p-¶-Xnv C¡-gnª kwØm _P-än nÀt±-in-¡-s¸«
Imcyhpw kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv.
k¨mÀ I½n-än dnt¸mÀ«-p-k-cn¨v yq-]£ t£a-{]-hÀ¯--§Ä Gähpw Ã
ne-bn S-¸m-¡n-bXv tIc-f-am-Wv. Hcp yq-]£ t£a-h-Ip¸v Xs¶ cq]o-I-
cn-¡p-Ibpw a{ZkmA[ym-]I s]³j³ ]²Xn S-¸m-¡p-Ibpw aÕ-c-]-co-£-
IÄ¡v yq-]£ hnZymÀ°n-Isf ]cn-io-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xnv {]tXyI Øm]--
§Ä XpS-§p-Ibpw kvtImfÀjn-¸p-Ifpw Xma-kn¨p ]Tn-¡p-¶-Xn-pÅ {Kmâpw
ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A©v hÀjs¯ `c-W-t-«-§Ä DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn¨v XnIª A`n-am--t¯m-sSbpw
Bß-hn-izm-k-t¯msS Hä-s¡-«mbn FÂ.-Un.-F-^v. Xnc-sª-Sp-¸ns tcn-
SpIbmWv. FÂ.-Un.-F-^v. hnPbw BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xnv kml-N-cy-§Ä kÖ-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ã `qcn-]-£-t¯msS ho-pw FÂ.-Un.-F-^v. A[n-Im-c-¯n-
se¯pw. P-§Ä AXm-Wm-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xv. t£a-¯n-sâbpw hnI-k--¯n-
sâbpw kam-[m--¯n-sâbpw kphÀ®-Imew XpS-cp-¶-Xn-p-th--n- CS-Xp-]£
Pm-[n-]-Xy-ap-¶Wn ØmmÀ°n-IÄ¡v n§-fpsS hne-tb-dnb thm«v ÂIn
hnP-bn-¸n-¡-W-sa¶v khn-bw A`yÀ°n-¡p-¶p.