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1. Assistive Technology for
Sensory – Vision and
Hearing

2. Kirk Behnke, M.Ed., ATP
Education Specialist
Behnke Consulting, LLC
https://kirkatp.wixsite.com/website
kirkatp@outlook.com
@kbehnke

3. Agenda
● Feature Match & SETT Framework review
● Access: Computer
● Input
● Processing
● Output
● Vision
● Access to materials
● Access to technology
● Hearing
● Access to technology
● Hands-on time with technology

4. The SETT Framework
S = Skills
E = Environment
T = Tasks
T = Tools

6. Feature Match
Individual
Needs
Abilities
Expectations
Technology
Interface /
Input
Processing
Output

8. Access: Computers

9. Computer Access?
Enhancements and Alternatives to:
Keyboard
Mouse
Monitor
Printer
Accomplished by:
Hardware
Software
System Tools
Combination
www.flickr.com/photos/tntimo/964046067/sizes/o/in/photostream/

10. www.flickr.com/photos/manicstreetpreacher/234805709
1/
Keyboard

11. Modifications to Standard Keyboard
Electronic Adjustments:
• Sticky Keys
• Slow Keys
• Rearrange Keys
Physical Adjustments:
• Large Print Letters
• Slant Boards
• Splints, Sticks, etc.
• Keyguards
ZoomCaps

12. Keyboard Alternatives

13. Mouse Alternatives
Douglas Englebart & the 1st Mouse!
GUI- Graphical User Interface

14. The Touch Screen
◦ Requires ability to use gestures

15. iOS built-in accessibility

16. Mouse Options

17. Eyegaze Systems

19. Why Uses Switches?
● Physical impairment
with ANY cognitive
level
● 1st Choice = Direct
Selection

20. Switches: Consideration
● Switch Types
● Access Method
● Access Site
● Mounting
● Function
◦ Direct Select
◦ Scanning
● Interface to other AT

21. Which Switch?
● Focus on Features
◦ Amount of force/pressure
◦ Amount of travel
◦ Size of the target
◦ Color and Texture
◦ Feedback
⚫Visual—lights
⚫Auditory—Click sound, music, beep
⚫Vibration
⚫Physical—
⚫Feeling of movement

22. Source: www.customtyping.com

23. Scanning
● Automatic Scanning
● Step Scanning
● Inverse Scanning
● Auditory Scanning

24. Remember…
● Focus on positioning
● Pick motivating activities
● WAIT for their response
● LOTS and LOTS of practice

25. Mounting Switches
● What is it
attached to?
● Velcro
● Adjustability?
● Custom

26. Interface to AT: Computer
Consider:
● Connections: USB; Wireless; Bluetooth
● What software will you be using?

28. Interface to AT: Computer
Additional Considerations:
● Cursor Control
● Mouse Clicks

29. Interface to AT: Mobility Device
Consider:
● Wheelchair electronics
● Training needs

30. Interface to AT: Mobile Devices
Access to:
• Menus?
• Apps?
– Access to?
– Control of
functions?
• Control of device?

31. Computer Access
Processing:
Software Type
Rate Enhancement
Layout

32. Processing: Layouts
∙ QWERTY
∙ ABC
∙ AEIOU
∙ Frequency
∙ DVORAK
∙ Chubon
∙ Center Space
∙ ETA
∙ Number
∙ Mouse
∙ Custom
∙ Right Handed
∙ Left Handed
∙ Software
Specific
∙ Person Specific

33. Processing: Rate Enhancements
∙ Word Prediction
∙ Abbreviation Expansion
∙ Macros
∙ Voice recognition

34. Processing: Voice Recognition

35. The Process of Writing with Voice..
(Fonner)
Voice Recognition
Think
Talk
Check
Edit
Compose
Read

36. Output
Visual
Auditory
Tactual
Interface
www.flickr.com/photos/windsordi/5398124363/

37. Output: Interface
What are you connecting to?

39. Vision: Access to Materials

40. AIM Simply Said
“AIM Simply Said” by the National
Center on AIM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=6U3uKNKMv7s

41. Accessible Instructional Materials
● Included in IDEA 2004
● Requires that core instructional materials
be provided in a timely manner in
specialized formats when needed by
students with disabilities
● 4 specialized formats: Braille, large print,
audio and digital text

42. Braille
● Tactile literacy medium used by learners who are
blind
● Uses six dots, presented in various combinations,
to represent text, numbers, punctuation, and
special signs and symbols
● Can be accessed using technology such as a PDA
(e.g. note-taker) or braille display

43. Large Print
● Enlarged copy of regular-print-sized materials
● Facilitates ease of reading for learners with low
vision
● At least 18 point and larger
● Readability depends on font type, use of white
space and other features
(e.g. bold or underline vs. italicized text)
● APH Print Guidelines for Document Design
www.aph.org/edresearch/lpguide.htm
Serif
Font
Sans-serif

44. Audio
● Sound files
● Does not include text
● Includes recorded files, usually saved as Wave
or MP3 files
● Files can be accessed using the computer
(e.g. Windows Media Player) or portable media
players (e.g. iPod, Book Port Plus, VictorReader
Stratus)

45. Digital Text
● May be referred to as electronic text or
e-text
● Provides visual and auditory supports
● Available in various formats such as online
HTML or EPub
● Can be accessed using specialized software
(e.g. Read Hear™) or hardware (e.g. Apex,
VictorReader Stratus, VictorReader Stream)

46. AIM Navigator
● Interactive tool to facilitate the process of
decision-making of AIM for individual
learners
● Process consists of 4 major decision points:
● determination of need
● selection of format(s)
● acquisition of format(s)
● selection of supports for use
● Useful resources provided to
help guide the IEP committee
http://aem.cast.org/navigating/decision-tools.html#.Wc5c4MZrypo

47. Determination of Materials
Things to consider:
✓ Learner’s needs
✓ Recommendations from personnel
✓ Availability
✓ Implementation and support
✓ Parental involvement
✓ Environments
✓ Technologies

48. Application/reflection/discussion
• What are the current ways in Qatar to acquire digital
educational materials?
• Are they usable and accessible?
• Can they be used by students with instruction?

49. Vision: Access to Technology

50. Sensory Impairments
● Sensory impairments refer to the reduced
ability or lack of ability in using one or more
of three senses: vision, touch and hearing.
● This includes tactile defensiveness or
numbness of touch, visually impaired which
includes blind, legally blind, deaf-blind,
hard of hearing and deaf.

51. Assistive technology for persons with low vision
● Screen magnifiers have these features:
◦ Zoomtext demo
◦ Reverse polarity (Negative Contrast)
◦ Magnification
◦ Zooming feature
◦ Color enhancements
◦ Speech output (vary)
◦ Keyboard enhancements (e.g. keycaps)

52. Assistive technology tools for persons who are
blind
● Screen reading software
◦ Examples are JAWS, Window-Eyes, VoiceOver
● Video Magnifiers (aka CCTV)
i-loview

53. Tactile Graphics
● BANA (Braille Authority of North America)
● Guidelines & Standards for Tactile
Graphics

54. Braille technology
● Refreshable braille displays
● Braille Embossers
● Braille writers and notetakers
Braillesense Plus Notetaker by HIMS

55. Other examples…
● Talking GPS
● Audio description
Audio Description Project http://acb.org/adp/
HumanWare BrailleNote GPS

56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SL7YSqlEd8k
Apple – Accessibility -Sady

57. Hearing: Access to Technology

58. Assistive technology for people with hearing
impairments
● Hearing aids
● Assistive listening devices
● Captioning
● Speech to text
● Cochlear Implants
● Visual alert signalers
● Telecommunications:
◦ Texting
◦ Bluetooth
◦ Point to Point Video (e.g., Skype)
Pocket Talker with neck loop

59. Captioning
●Open captioning
●Closed captioning
●Do it yourself options
●Paid versions
●Translation into Arabic
●Translation into other languages

60. https://www.apple.com/accessibility/iphone/hearing/

61. Hands-on with technology