Absolute monarchy
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The monarchies of the 1600s. Why a strong military and strong central control were essential to them. Different degrees of absolute control.
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Absolute monarchy
The document summarizes the rise of absolute monarchy in Europe during the 17th century, focusing on France under King Louis XIV. It describes how the 30 Years War weakened the Habsburg dynasty and led to the Peace of Westphalia, establishing nation-states and religious tolerance. Absolute monarchs like Louis XIV claimed power derived directly from God, surrounding themselves with ministers and officials. As the "Sun King", Louis XIV ruled France for over 72 years from 1643 to 1715, the longest reign of any European monarch, establishing France as the dominant power through several major wars.
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the monarch has total political power over the state and its people. Throughout much of European history, absolute monarchy was justified by the divine right of kings. While some monarchs like Louis XIV of France achieved high levels of control, others faced opposition from groups like nobles, clergy, and peasants. By the 19th century, absolute rule had declined across Europe except in Russia, where the tsar maintained power until 1905.
Absolute monarchs
Here are possible answers to the questions about the cartoon:
1. Louis XIV used the image of the sun as a symbol of his power.
2. He likely used the sun as a symbol because the sun is the center of our solar system - implying that Louis XIV saw himself as the center of power in France, with everything revolving around him.
3. The overall meaning of the cartoon is to portray Louis XIV as an absolute monarch who believed he ruled by divine right as God's representative on Earth. The sun symbol reinforced the idea that he, as the Sun King, was the supreme power in France.
Age of absolutism
Absolute monarchs in Europe from 1500-1700 claimed divine right to rule and consolidated power. They built large armies funded by high taxes, made laws without restrictions, and sought to expand their territories through colonies. Examples like Louis XIV of France and Philip II of Spain spent lavishly on palaces like Versailles while centralizing control over local nobility. Peter the Great and Frederick the Great modernized their countries through westernization and military expansion.
Absolute monarchy in Europe
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the monarch has total political power over the state and its people. Throughout much of European history, absolute monarchy was justified by the divine right of kings. While some monarchs like Louis XIV of France achieved high levels of control, others faced opposition from aristocrats and clergy. By the 19th century, absolute rule had declined across Europe except in Russia, where the tsar maintained power until 1905.
(16.1) absolutism spanish power grows
Under Charles V, Spain emerged as a major European power through its control of the vast Hapsburg empire. His son Philip II expanded Spanish influence further during his 42-year reign through numerous wars to advance Spanish Catholic power and defeat opponents like the Ottomans and Protestants in the Netherlands. Though the Spanish Armada failed to invade England, Philip established Spain as Europe's foremost power through absolute rule and asserting divine right. During this golden age, Spanish culture also flourished under Philip's patronage of the arts, producing masterworks by painters like El Greco and Cervantes' seminal novel Don Quixote.
Age of absolutism
Peter I the Great and Catherine II the Great ruled Russia as absolute monarchs seeking to modernize and expand the nation. Peter I Westernized Russia through reforms like improving education, importing technology, and developing industry. He founded St. Petersburg and defeated the Ottoman Empire to gain a warm-water port. Catherine II continued modernizing Russia and extended its territory through war and the partitioning of Poland. Both monarchs ruled autocratically and pushed Russia to become a European great power.
(16.2) absolutism france under louis xiv
(1) Louis XIV became an absolute monarch of France and strengthened the central government and royal control over the nobility, clergy, and commoners. (2) He built the grand palace of Versailles as a symbol of his wealth and power and required nobles to live there. (3) Under Louis XIV's rule, France had a strong economy through mercantilist policies, a large army, and flourishing arts, making it the most powerful state in Europe.
Recommended
Absolute monarchy
The document summarizes the rise of absolute monarchy in Europe during the 17th century, focusing on France under King Louis XIV. It describes how the 30 Years War weakened the Habsburg dynasty and led to the Peace of Westphalia, establishing nation-states and religious tolerance. Absolute monarchs like Louis XIV claimed power derived directly from God, surrounding themselves with ministers and officials. As the "Sun King", Louis XIV ruled France for over 72 years from 1643 to 1715, the longest reign of any European monarch, establishing France as the dominant power through several major wars.
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the monarch has total political power over the state and its people. Throughout much of European history, absolute monarchy was justified by the divine right of kings. While some monarchs like Louis XIV of France achieved high levels of control, others faced opposition from groups like nobles, clergy, and peasants. By the 19th century, absolute rule had declined across Europe except in Russia, where the tsar maintained power until 1905.
Absolute monarchs
Here are possible answers to the questions about the cartoon:
1. Louis XIV used the image of the sun as a symbol of his power.
2. He likely used the sun as a symbol because the sun is the center of our solar system - implying that Louis XIV saw himself as the center of power in France, with everything revolving around him.
3. The overall meaning of the cartoon is to portray Louis XIV as an absolute monarch who believed he ruled by divine right as God's representative on Earth. The sun symbol reinforced the idea that he, as the Sun King, was the supreme power in France.
Age of absolutism
Absolute monarchs in Europe from 1500-1700 claimed divine right to rule and consolidated power. They built large armies funded by high taxes, made laws without restrictions, and sought to expand their territories through colonies. Examples like Louis XIV of France and Philip II of Spain spent lavishly on palaces like Versailles while centralizing control over local nobility. Peter the Great and Frederick the Great modernized their countries through westernization and military expansion.
Absolute monarchy in Europe
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the monarch has total political power over the state and its people. Throughout much of European history, absolute monarchy was justified by the divine right of kings. While some monarchs like Louis XIV of France achieved high levels of control, others faced opposition from aristocrats and clergy. By the 19th century, absolute rule had declined across Europe except in Russia, where the tsar maintained power until 1905.
(16.1) absolutism spanish power grows
Under Charles V, Spain emerged as a major European power through its control of the vast Hapsburg empire. His son Philip II expanded Spanish influence further during his 42-year reign through numerous wars to advance Spanish Catholic power and defeat opponents like the Ottomans and Protestants in the Netherlands. Though the Spanish Armada failed to invade England, Philip established Spain as Europe's foremost power through absolute rule and asserting divine right. During this golden age, Spanish culture also flourished under Philip's patronage of the arts, producing masterworks by painters like El Greco and Cervantes' seminal novel Don Quixote.
Age of absolutism
Peter I the Great and Catherine II the Great ruled Russia as absolute monarchs seeking to modernize and expand the nation. Peter I Westernized Russia through reforms like improving education, importing technology, and developing industry. He founded St. Petersburg and defeated the Ottoman Empire to gain a warm-water port. Catherine II continued modernizing Russia and extended its territory through war and the partitioning of Poland. Both monarchs ruled autocratically and pushed Russia to become a European great power.
(16.2) absolutism france under louis xiv
(1) Louis XIV became an absolute monarch of France and strengthened the central government and royal control over the nobility, clergy, and commoners. (2) He built the grand palace of Versailles as a symbol of his wealth and power and required nobles to live there. (3) Under Louis XIV's rule, France had a strong economy through mercantilist policies, a large army, and flourishing arts, making it the most powerful state in Europe.
Age of Absolutism
Absolute monarchies were dominant in Europe during this time period, with monarchs claiming divine right to rule however they wished without limits to their power. Key absolute rulers mentioned include Philip II of Spain, Louis XIV of France, and Peter the Great of Russia, all of whom centralized authority and modernized their nations. Meanwhile in England, the rise of Parliament gradually curtailed royal power, culminating in the Glorious Revolution that established constitutional monarchy.
Age of Absolutism Power Point
The document discusses the rise of absolutism in Europe during the Age of Absolutism. Key events like the Reformation and Age of Exploration weakened churches and brought in wealth, increasing monarchs' power. Absolute monarchs like Louis XIV of France, Elizabeth I of England, and Peter the Great of Russia ruled with total authority, believing that divine right granted them supreme power over state and religion. The Divine Right theory held that God had chosen the monarch to rule, so questioning the king was akin to questioning God. The document also provides an example daily schedule for Louis XIV to illustrate his absolute authority.
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During the late medieval period, several European monarchies consolidated power and began forming nation-states, including England, France, Spain, and Russia. In England, William the Conqueror united most of the country after the Norman Conquest in 1066. King John signed the Magna Carta in 1215, which limited royal power and guaranteed basic political rights. The Hundred Years' War between England and France from 1337 to 1453 helped further establish England as a nation. In France, the Capetian dynasty expanded control over most of the country, and Joan of Arc served as a unifying figure. Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and expelled the Muslim Moors. The Crusades from 1096 to 129
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The document discusses the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. It mentions the Virgin of the Catholic Monarchs painting from 1491-93 depicting them. It also notes the order of the Golden Fleece, an order of chivalry created in 1429 that is now controlled by the current Spanish king and the descendant of the Habsburg dynasty. Portraits of Charles I and Isabel of Portugal made by Titian and Rubens are also briefly mentioned.
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The document provides details about the Habsburg dynasty in Spain, including Charles I and Philip II. It can be summarized as follows:
Charles I inherited a vast empire through marriage alliances, including territories in Spain, the Netherlands, Austria, and Italy. He faced many internal revolts during his rule due to his inexperience and favoritism toward Flemish advisers. Externally, he battled France and the Ottoman Empire for control of territories. He abdicated in 1556, leaving Spain and other territories to his son Philip II.
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The document provides an overview of the Age of Absolutism in Europe between the 16th-19th centuries. It summarizes the rise of absolute monarchies in Spain, France, England, and Russia during this period and their eventual downfalls. Key events included the defeat of the Spanish Armada weakening Spain's power, the English Civil War replacing the absolute British monarchy with a constitutional one, and the Russian Revolution overthrowing the Russian czar and establishing communism.
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1) The document discusses the rise of absolutism in 17th century Europe in response to problems faced in the previous era. Absolutism centralized power in monarchs and limited the rights of citizens.
2) It specifically examines the growth of absolutism in France under King Louis XIV, who dominated all aspects of French politics, culture, and economics from his palace at Versailles.
3) The document also briefly outlines the decline of absolutism in Spain in this century due to economic and political issues, as well as the development of absolutist governments in Eastern Europe under Austria, Prussia, and Russia that differed from Western models by retaining more feudal structures.
4 rise of nation states
Between 1400 and 1500, Europe transitioned from decentralized feudal systems to centralized nation-states. This was driven by several factors, including the rise of the middle class which weakened feudal lords, war between feudal lords that led to unified kingdoms, and the development of ideas around political states and divine rights of kings. Key events included the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella in 1469 which unified Spain, and the War of the Roses in England which ended in 1485 with the victory of Henry Tudor, establishing a strong centralized English nation-state. By 1500, several large European powers like France, Spain, and England had established themselves as nation-states with centralized governments and bureaucrac
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Feudalism involved a decentralized political system where private lords held powers like taxation, justice, and defense after being granted land. In countries like England and France, strong monarchies gradually centralized these powers under the crown from the 11th century onward. This helped lay the foundations for the rise of national monarchies as feudal lords' powers declined and royalty asserted more direct control over their lands and subjects.
Absolute Monarchs Graphic Organizer
This is still a work in progress. It is designed to get across some basic info in a quick, understandable fashion.
Philip III - Image Gallery
Philip III ruled Spain from 1578 to 1621. The main achievement of the Duke of Lerma, who influenced Philip III's government, was a pacifist foreign policy. However, Lerma was also known for the high levels of corruption and nepotism during his rule, which made him the richest person in Spain. During Lerma's government, 300,000 Moriscos were expelled from Spain, worsening an existing economic and demographic crisis. Margaret of Austria opposed Lerma's excessive influence and eventually exposed his corruption, allowing her to remove him from politics.
(16.3) absolutism parliament triumphs in england
The British Parliament asserted its rights against royal claims of absolute power in the 1600s in three key ways: (1) by attempting to share power with monarchs under Elizabeth I and challenging kings like James I and Charles I; (2) by waging the English Civil War and establishing the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell's leadership; and (3) by instituting the English Bill of Rights after the Glorious Revolution, which created a constitutional limited monarchy.
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This document provides an overview of absolutism in Europe between the 1400s and 1700s. It discusses how absolute monarchs consolidated power by claiming divine right to rule without limits and centralized control over society. Specific sections cover the growth of absolutism in Spain under the Hapsburgs, the reign of Louis XIV in France and his centralization of power, the Thirty Years War in the Holy Roman Empire, and the limits placed on English monarchs by Parliament. Absolute rulers like Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great also expanded Russian territory and reformed society along more Western lines.
Philip IV - Image Gallery (1 out of 4)
Philip IV ruled Spain from 1605 to 1665. His favorite, the Count Duke of Olivares, constructed the Royal Palace of El Buen Retiro so that the king could relax away from ruling issues. Philip IV had two wives, Elisabeth of France who bore him two children including the future Queen of France, and Mariana of Austria who bore him Charles II, the last Habsburg king of Spain.
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During the Age of Absolutism, several European powers centralized power around strong absolute monarchies. France was centralized under Louis XIV, known as the "Sun King", who ignored parliament and spent lavishly. Prussia became a powerful Protestant state under Frederick William and his son Frederick the Great. Austria remained strong under Catholic Hapsburg rule, led by Maria Theresa. Russia was westernized and its power centralized by Peter the Great and later Catherine the Great, though both increased serfdom. These powers vied for dominance in shifting alliances while seeking to maintain a balance of power in Europe through competition and war.
3. Absolutism, Power, And More Conflict
1) Absolutism was a form of government where kings believed their authority was absolute and divinely ordained. Louis XIV of France was a strong proponent of absolutism and greatly expanded the power of the French monarchy.
2) Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes, weakened the nobility, and built the grand palace at Versailles to centralize power around himself as the Sun King.
3) Multiple wars broke out across Europe during Louis XIV's reign as he sought to expand French territory, but this eventually led to France becoming overextended and the Treaty of Utrecht limiting French power after the War of Spanish Succession.
Absolutism
Under absolutism in the 1600-1700s, several European powers centralized control around powerful monarchs. France emerged as the strongest nation under kings like Louis XIV, who believed "I am the state" and weakened nobles and Protestants to assert royal authority. Prussia also grew powerful with militaristic rulers like Frederick the Great, while Russia expanded under westernizing czars like Peter the Great and Catherine the Great through conquest and serfdom.
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This document contains an index and questions about the Habsburg dynasty in Spain from the early 16th century to the late 17th century. It covers topics like the origins of the Habsburgs, the reigns of Charles I, Philip II, and the "Minor Austrias" (Philip III, Philip IV, and Charles II). The questions test understanding of the Habsburgs' inheritance and territories, internal conflicts they faced, religious issues, and international rivals like France and the Ottoman Empire. Cultural developments during this period are also addressed.
French Revolution PPT.ppt
Here are 3 causes and 3 effects of the French Revolution:
Causes:
1. Economic troubles including high taxes on the Third Estate to fund wars and the lavish lifestyle of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette left the people in poverty.
2. Social inequality between the privileged nobility and clergy (First and Second Estate) and the majority Third Estate who had few rights.
3. Inspiration from Enlightenment ideas of equality, liberty, and popular sovereignty which raised demands for political reform that the King was unwilling to consider.
Effects:
1. Overthrow of the French monarchy and establishment of a republic, demonstrating that a revolution was possible against an absolute monarchy.
2. Spread of
Age of Absolutism
Absolute monarchies were dominant in Europe during this time period, with monarchs claiming divine right to rule however they wished without limits to their power. Key absolute rulers mentioned include Philip II of Spain, Louis XIV of France, and Peter the Great of Russia, all of whom centralized authority in their realms. However, conflicts over religion and disputes with parliaments weakened monarchs' power in places like England, where the Glorious Revolution established the principle that no ruler could govern without parliamentary consent.
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Age of Absolutism
Absolute monarchies were dominant in Europe during this time period, with monarchs claiming divine right to rule however they wished without limits to their power. Key absolute rulers mentioned include Philip II of Spain, Louis XIV of France, and Peter the Great of Russia, all of whom centralized authority and modernized their nations. Meanwhile in England, the rise of Parliament gradually curtailed royal power, culminating in the Glorious Revolution that established constitutional monarchy.
Age of Absolutism Power Point
The document discusses the rise of absolutism in Europe during the Age of Absolutism. Key events like the Reformation and Age of Exploration weakened churches and brought in wealth, increasing monarchs' power. Absolute monarchs like Louis XIV of France, Elizabeth I of England, and Peter the Great of Russia ruled with total authority, believing that divine right granted them supreme power over state and religion. The Divine Right theory held that God had chosen the monarch to rule, so questioning the king was akin to questioning God. The document also provides an example daily schedule for Louis XIV to illustrate his absolute authority.
European Monarchies Consolidated Power And Began Forming Nation States
During the late medieval period, several European monarchies consolidated power and began forming nation-states, including England, France, Spain, and Russia. In England, William the Conqueror united most of the country after the Norman Conquest in 1066. King John signed the Magna Carta in 1215, which limited royal power and guaranteed basic political rights. The Hundred Years' War between England and France from 1337 to 1453 helped further establish England as a nation. In France, the Capetian dynasty expanded control over most of the country, and Joan of Arc served as a unifying figure. Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and expelled the Muslim Moors. The Crusades from 1096 to 129
Image gallery charles v_001
The document discusses the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. It mentions the Virgin of the Catholic Monarchs painting from 1491-93 depicting them. It also notes the order of the Golden Fleece, an order of chivalry created in 1429 that is now controlled by the current Spanish king and the descendant of the Habsburg dynasty. Portraits of Charles I and Isabel of Portugal made by Titian and Rubens are also briefly mentioned.
The Habsburgs - Unit 7
The document provides details about the Habsburg dynasty in Spain, including Charles I and Philip II. It can be summarized as follows:
Charles I inherited a vast empire through marriage alliances, including territories in Spain, the Netherlands, Austria, and Italy. He faced many internal revolts during his rule due to his inexperience and favoritism toward Flemish advisers. Externally, he battled France and the Ottoman Empire for control of territories. He abdicated in 1556, leaving Spain and other territories to his son Philip II.
Philip II established a highly centralized and authoritarian monarchy in Spain. He focused on expanding royal power at the expense of representative bodies like the Cortes. Relig
Rise of Nation States in Medieval Europe
In the Late Medieval Period, European monarchies began consolidating power and forming independent nation-states that controlled large territories, unlike city-states. Nation-states such as England, France, and Spain expanded their territories and centralized royal power through conquest and internal reforms. This led to the emergence of strong centralized governments and a sense of national identity defined by shared culture, language, and history in these European powers.
Age Of Absolutism 16th – 19th Century
The document provides an overview of the Age of Absolutism in Europe between the 16th-19th centuries. It summarizes the rise of absolute monarchies in Spain, France, England, and Russia during this period and their eventual downfalls. Key events included the defeat of the Spanish Armada weakening Spain's power, the English Civil War replacing the absolute British monarchy with a constitutional one, and the Russian Revolution overthrowing the Russian czar and establishing communism.
The age of absolutism and constitutionalism in europe over
1) The document discusses the rise of absolutism in 17th century Europe in response to problems faced in the previous era. Absolutism centralized power in monarchs and limited the rights of citizens.
2) It specifically examines the growth of absolutism in France under King Louis XIV, who dominated all aspects of French politics, culture, and economics from his palace at Versailles.
3) The document also briefly outlines the decline of absolutism in Spain in this century due to economic and political issues, as well as the development of absolutist governments in Eastern Europe under Austria, Prussia, and Russia that differed from Western models by retaining more feudal structures.
4 rise of nation states
Between 1400 and 1500, Europe transitioned from decentralized feudal systems to centralized nation-states. This was driven by several factors, including the rise of the middle class which weakened feudal lords, war between feudal lords that led to unified kingdoms, and the development of ideas around political states and divine rights of kings. Key events included the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella in 1469 which unified Spain, and the War of the Roses in England which ended in 1485 with the victory of Henry Tudor, establishing a strong centralized English nation-state. By 1500, several large European powers like France, Spain, and England had established themselves as nation-states with centralized governments and bureaucrac
Feudalism & Rise of European Monarchies
Feudalism involved a decentralized political system where private lords held powers like taxation, justice, and defense after being granted land. In countries like England and France, strong monarchies gradually centralized these powers under the crown from the 11th century onward. This helped lay the foundations for the rise of national monarchies as feudal lords' powers declined and royalty asserted more direct control over their lands and subjects.
Absolute Monarchs Graphic Organizer
This is still a work in progress. It is designed to get across some basic info in a quick, understandable fashion.
Philip III - Image Gallery
Philip III ruled Spain from 1578 to 1621. The main achievement of the Duke of Lerma, who influenced Philip III's government, was a pacifist foreign policy. However, Lerma was also known for the high levels of corruption and nepotism during his rule, which made him the richest person in Spain. During Lerma's government, 300,000 Moriscos were expelled from Spain, worsening an existing economic and demographic crisis. Margaret of Austria opposed Lerma's excessive influence and eventually exposed his corruption, allowing her to remove him from politics.
(16.3) absolutism parliament triumphs in england
The British Parliament asserted its rights against royal claims of absolute power in the 1600s in three key ways: (1) by attempting to share power with monarchs under Elizabeth I and challenging kings like James I and Charles I; (2) by waging the English Civil War and establishing the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell's leadership; and (3) by instituting the English Bill of Rights after the Glorious Revolution, which created a constitutional limited monarchy.
Absolutism and revolution
This document provides an overview of absolutism in Europe between the 1400s and 1700s. It discusses how absolute monarchs consolidated power by claiming divine right to rule without limits and centralized control over society. Specific sections cover the growth of absolutism in Spain under the Hapsburgs, the reign of Louis XIV in France and his centralization of power, the Thirty Years War in the Holy Roman Empire, and the limits placed on English monarchs by Parliament. Absolute rulers like Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great also expanded Russian territory and reformed society along more Western lines.
Philip IV - Image Gallery (1 out of 4)
Philip IV ruled Spain from 1605 to 1665. His favorite, the Count Duke of Olivares, constructed the Royal Palace of El Buen Retiro so that the king could relax away from ruling issues. Philip IV had two wives, Elisabeth of France who bore him two children including the future Queen of France, and Mariana of Austria who bore him Charles II, the last Habsburg king of Spain.
Age Of Absolutism
During the Age of Absolutism, several European powers centralized power around strong absolute monarchies. France was centralized under Louis XIV, known as the "Sun King", who ignored parliament and spent lavishly. Prussia became a powerful Protestant state under Frederick William and his son Frederick the Great. Austria remained strong under Catholic Hapsburg rule, led by Maria Theresa. Russia was westernized and its power centralized by Peter the Great and later Catherine the Great, though both increased serfdom. These powers vied for dominance in shifting alliances while seeking to maintain a balance of power in Europe through competition and war.
3. Absolutism, Power, And More Conflict
1) Absolutism was a form of government where kings believed their authority was absolute and divinely ordained. Louis XIV of France was a strong proponent of absolutism and greatly expanded the power of the French monarchy.
2) Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes, weakened the nobility, and built the grand palace at Versailles to centralize power around himself as the Sun King.
3) Multiple wars broke out across Europe during Louis XIV's reign as he sought to expand French territory, but this eventually led to France becoming overextended and the Treaty of Utrecht limiting French power after the War of Spanish Succession.
Absolutism
Under absolutism in the 1600-1700s, several European powers centralized control around powerful monarchs. France emerged as the strongest nation under kings like Louis XIV, who believed "I am the state" and weakened nobles and Protestants to assert royal authority. Prussia also grew powerful with militaristic rulers like Frederick the Great, while Russia expanded under westernizing czars like Peter the Great and Catherine the Great through conquest and serfdom.
Unit 7: Activities - The Habsburgs
This document contains an index and questions about the Habsburg dynasty in Spain from the early 16th century to the late 17th century. It covers topics like the origins of the Habsburgs, the reigns of Charles I, Philip II, and the "Minor Austrias" (Philip III, Philip IV, and Charles II). The questions test understanding of the Habsburgs' inheritance and territories, internal conflicts they faced, religious issues, and international rivals like France and the Ottoman Empire. Cultural developments during this period are also addressed.
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European Monarchies Consolidated Power And Began Forming Nation States
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The age of absolutism and constitutionalism in europe over
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Here are 3 causes and 3 effects of the French Revolution:
Causes:
1. Economic troubles including high taxes on the Third Estate to fund wars and the lavish lifestyle of King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette left the people in poverty.
2. Social inequality between the privileged nobility and clergy (First and Second Estate) and the majority Third Estate who had few rights.
3. Inspiration from Enlightenment ideas of equality, liberty, and popular sovereignty which raised demands for political reform that the King was unwilling to consider.
Effects:
1. Overthrow of the French monarchy and establishment of a republic, demonstrating that a revolution was possible against an absolute monarchy.
2. Spread of
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1) Many Enlightenment philosophers believed that enlightened monarchs could best reform society from above, as they distrusted allowing changes from the masses.
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- Absolute monarchies had both strengths like efficiency and stability from one ruler, as well as weaknesses like being undemocratic and potentially violating individual rights.
- Major European absolute monarchies included Louis XIV's France, Phillip II's Spain during its Golden Age, and Peter the Great's modernizing rule in Russia from 1689-1725.
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Building National Monarchies
Building National Monarchies (1000-
1500)
Growth of Royal Power in
England and France
The Struggle Between Popes
and Emperors
Strong Monarchies in Spain
and Scandinavia
Decline of Medieval Society
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Apwhperiod4europetransformations
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The document provides background on the causes and key events of the French Revolution:
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2. The Revolution began in 1789 as the Third Estate declared the National Assembly and drafted a constitution, while unrest grew among the common people of France.
3. Over the subsequent years of the Revolution, the monarchy was overthrown and a republic established, though periods of violence and terror occurred under the Jacobins before a new Directory government system was introduced.
AP Euro_CH 16.1
This document discusses the rise of absolutism in 17th century France and Spain. It describes the economic and political crises of the period and how monarchs like Henry IV, Richelieu, Louis XIV, and Colbert centralized power in France. They curbed the nobility, grew the size of government bureaucracies and armies, revoked rights of religious dissent, and pursued mercantilist policies to rebuild their nations' strength. By the early 1700s, France had become the dominant power in Europe under Louis XIV, while Spain's empire had entered decline.
8305366
- Spain's empire declined due to inflation, unequal taxes, and the costly Dutch Revolt. Absolute monarchs consolidated power in Europe by reducing the influence of the nobility and church. France's King Louis XIV ruled absolutely from Versailles, but costly wars weakened France. In Russia, Peter the Great westernized Russia and strengthened the czar's power over nobles and the Orthodox Church. In England, conflicts between kings and Parliament led to the English Civil War and the eventual establishment of a constitutional monarchy with Parliament sharing power.
Chapter 8 Absolutism & Divine Right In Europe
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The french revolution and the enlightenment 2
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The french revolution overview and timeline- version 2.0
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Absolute monarchy
- 2. RAP-Q 1) What was the feudal system used by previous years of the Middle Ages? 2) What factors led to a change to more power to the monarchs? For three minutes discuss with a partner next to you and be prepared to share with class
- 3. Transition -- Old Feudal system - new middle class (merchants,craftsmen) -- Old Problems - Poor Economy, Religious Wars, Plague -- Weapon technology -- New Monarchs pave way -- Philosophy Change - less religious after 1648
- 4. France’s Louis XIV -- Successful monarchy -- Control the Nobles -- Mercantilism -- Useless Costly Wars -- Peasants
- 5. Spain -- Philip II bankrupt in 1596 (wars) -- Philip III bankrupt in 1607 (court) -- No longer a world power by 1640 -- Philip IV reforms failed
- 6. Holy Roman Empire/Germany -- No real central rule or powerful monarchy -- 300 districts, decides own religion -- Frederick the Elector of Prussia deal with nobles -- Habsburg Family (Leopold I) of Austria gains lands but never centralized
- 7. Russia -- Ivan the Terrible was absolute ruler -- Times of Trouble - noble regain some power Peter the Great -- strengthen outdated military -- bureaucratic meritocracy -- many reforms unable to enforce -- nobles had to serve in military -- nobles had to be educated
- 8. So how absolute was absolute? 1) What is necessary to have absolute power? 2) Who do you have to control? 3) What allies can you make to keep power?
- 9. Limits to Absolute Monarchy -- Kings had to rely on local agents to carry out policies -- Kings had to control or buy off nobles to maintain power -- King used middle class in France as ally -- Landed aristocracy were a powerful force everywhere
- 10. Question Louis XIV built his great palace of Versailles for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a) to control the aristocracy b) to show on a grand scale the wealth and power of France monarchy c) to rule outside of the confines of Paris d) to allow for better communication with his people
- 11. Resources -- http://www.fidnet.com/~weid/rulers.html -- http://www.slideshare.net/papefons/the-17th- century-absolute-monarchy-and-the-decline-of- the-hispanic-empire?from_search=6 -- http://www2.sunysuffolk. edu/westn/modernroots.html