Abolish The Nkp

Abolish The Nkp
The NKVD was a law enforcement agency of the Soviet Union which was directly related with the
secret Soviet police. It was formed to control the militia(police), criminal investigation departments,
firefighters, internal troops, and prison guards. The main function of the NKVD was to protect the
state security of the Soviet Union. This was done by kidnapping, murdering, and by massive
political repression. The NKVD was run by the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, who was responsible for
the deaths of millions of people. During the 1930's, the NKVD was responsible for political murders
of those Stalin believed opposed him. When the war with Germany began, any soldier who refused
to fight was shot and killed by the NKVD. The NKVD would often abolish ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The NKVD prisoner massacres were carried out during World War ll against prisoners in Eastern
Europe, primarily Ukraine, Poland, the Baltic States, and parts of the Soviet Union from which the
Red Army was withdrawing after the German invasion in 1941. According to
"www.ww2incolor.com/soviet–union/nkvd11.html" the overall death toll of these massacres is
estimated at around 100,000, including more than 10,000 in Western Ukraine. Immediately after the
German invasion, the NKVD called for the execution of immense numbers of prisoners in most of
their prisons. Those who weren't killed, were evacuated on death marches(a forced march of
prisoners or captives with the intent to kill, demoralize, and/or weaken as many of the prisoners
along the way). Most of the prisoners in the Soviets prisons were political prisoners who were
imprisoned and/or murdered without a trial. One of the largest massacres that the NKVD committed
happened in the Katyn Forest. According to "http://www.katyn.org.au/" the NKVD shot and buried
over 4000 Polish service personnel that had been taken prisoner when the Soviet Union invaded
Poland in September 1939 in WW2 in support of the
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Sino Soviet Relations
To what extent was the deterioration in Sino–Soviet relations in the years 1958–69 due to personal
rivalries?
The deterioration in Sino–Soviet relations between 1958–1969 is due to a number of different
factorssome historians argue that conflicting personal rivalries between Mao and Khrushchev
contributed to the split until 1964, however other historians argue that other factors influenced the
deterioration. For example both sides were ideologically different, this can be seen as they were both
pursuing different methods of achieving communism, and during many occasions they disagreed
with each other. However the most significant factor causing the split was their conflicting national
interests, as although without the existing personal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This shows a clear confliction in national interests, and a cause for a deterioration in Sino–Soviet
relations was the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. Due to this, Mao introduced his policy of
active defence towards the USSR and this was because of his paranoia that the USSR could try to
assert dominance over China. This shows a clear confliction of national interests as the USSR was
preventing China from expansion and this added to the initial ideological and personality disputes
stated above. Therefore the deterioration in Sino–Soviet relations was due to conflicting national
interests more than personality and ideological clashes as from this, both sides clearly wanted
different things, conflict between them was inevitable.
Finally another argument that some historians put forward is the Ussuri–River dispute in 1969
where both sides shared a common border. This was one of the most important reasons for the
deterioration in relations because it was the first time both sides came into direct conflict with the
other during this in which on the first day, over 30 Soviet soldiers died. This showed a direct cause
for deterioration in relations, because two countries cannot be allies if they are constantly at fighting
with one another. These border disputes had been ongoing for many years, showing that a
fundamental cause for the deterioration in relations between the

Stalin And The Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin the prominent leader of the Soviet Union had a vision to transform the Soviet Union
into an industrialized economy. Through the works of Stalin he implemented "The Five Year Plan"
which included methods and goals that were very important in the arrival of his goal. Though, hard
labor, terror, struggle, and work was put on the peasants and kulak class that was key in Stalin's
plans to achieve a Communist society. Through the utilization of terror and repression, Stalin's Five
Year Plan transformed the Soviet Union from a peasant society into an industrialized superpower.
Before Stalin's rise to power, many people did not favor his beliefs but was able to claim his power
and dominance. Stalin was involved in many events with the Bolshevik party for 12 year before the
beginning of the Russian Revolution in 1917 which gained him military leadership roles in many
wars like the Civil War and Soviet Polish War. He was given the role as the Bolsheviks Chief
operatives and his relationship with Lenin grew very close, as Lenin admired Stalin as strong and
loyal leader. Stalin played an important role in helping engineer the 1921 Red Army Invasion of
Georgia. These connections gained him an important position as being a General Secretary on the
new Soviet government. May of 1922, Lenin suffered a stroke during his recovery in surgery which
led Stalin and Trotsky to worry about who would take over Lenin's position. Trotsky and Lenin had
more of a personal relationship,

An Allegory In George Orwell's Animal Farm
An allegory is a story or poem that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden message, typically
involving politics. A great example of an allegory is George Orwell's, "Animal Farm." When just
looking at this story, one would think it was just about animals that ran off their owners and then
formed their own lifestyle with an animal leader. On the contrary, if one was to pay attention to the
story they would notice that it is pointing the reader to a time in history. Orwell wrote the story
around 1944 in reference to the Russian Revolution and to slander the Soviet Union. Throughout the
novella, the reader is introduced to the vital characters and is able to connect them to men in history.
For example, Old Major the pig was a symbol of Karl Marx. One can see this through the
personality and Old Major and also through him telling of his dream. In the beginning of the novel,
Major has a dream where all animals were equal. He told the other animals that they did not have to
have short lives that were dominated by labor and hunger for the human's sake. Old Major asked
during the giving of his dream if it was not "crystal clear, comrades, that all the evils of this life of
ours spring from the tyranny of human beings?" The dream was used to shadow Karl Marx's
Communist Manifesto where Marx presented the evils of feudalism, capitalism, and the ideal world
of communism to inspire the Russian Revolution. Marx believed that everything in the worlds
history could be explained in result of

Stalin/Alexander Iii Was More Successful at Dealing with...
Opposition is a constant theme faced by any political ruler. A common measure of success is how
effective a ruler is at dealing with the problem of opposition, in comparison to his
previous/succeeding rulers, in this instance, comparing Stalin to the Tsars Alexander II,III and
Nicholas II, and Communist Leaders Lenin and Khrushchev, over a decade of Russian history.
Under Stalin, the campaign to crush opposition began almost instantaneously. Initially, this came in
the form of political opponents such as Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamanev and the left. Beginning with
Trotsky, Stalin seized opportunity and dominated the 12th Party Conference in 1923, after Trotsky
failed to capitalise on the chance to make the principal speech, which would ... Show more content
This highlighted not only Stalin's fear of being subsided as leader of the USSR, but his ruthlessness
in the face of opposition. Then followed the 1936 Show Trials, in which there were many arrests of
party members, ex–opponents, military figures and non–party members. The first involved Zinoviev,
Kamanev and their allies, who confessed under force for falsified crimes of being responsible for
attempts to wreck Soviet industry and to kill Soviet leaders, and subsequently were shot after being
convicted. The second followed in January 1937, in which Karl Radek, a well known Trotskyite and
Pyatakov was shot, again on falsified crimes. In March 1938, Bukharin and 20 members of the old
Right Deviation were tried, and found guilty of working with Trotsky and foreign governments
against the USSR. All confessed and were shot, with Tomsky being so crippled by fear that he
committed suicide. The Show Trials were a grotesque sham by which Stalin cast immense fear into
the hearts and minds of Russia's political clout, ensuring total control over any opposition through
fear alone. Removal of any potential opposition was extended in July 1937 when Yezhov (Stalin's
head of the secret police from 1936) drew up a list of over 250,000 'Anti–Soviet elements', which
included intelligentsia such as artists, writers, musicians, priests and so forth. This became known as
the Anti–Soviet List, ad anyone unfortunate enough to be found on it was arrested,

Trotsky and Stalin Essay
Trotsky and Stalin
I think that without Trotsky's contribution to the revolution it wouldn't of been a success I think this
because Trotsky was put in charge of organising the revolution by Lenin and this might show that
Lenin believed that Trotsky could do great things and this also means Lenin must of trust Trotsky as
he picked him very carefully. I also think as this was a vital job Lenin must of thought that Trotsky
was the best man for the job. Trotsky also had organised the Bolsheviks in Petrograd. He did this
because it was the capital city and it was very important to take control of the strongest part first this
showed Lenin that Trotsky was very clever.
Before the revolution Trotsky ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trotsky played a vital part in the revolution and his sneaky plans worked and he had everything
planned secretly from everyone.
B
I think the reason that Stalin and not Trotsky emerged as Lenin's successor because Stalin was a
strong Bolshevik believer from the beginning unlike Trotsky who was a bit of a glory supporter and
only came onto the Bolsheviks side when he knew that there was going to be a revolution happening
in 1917 that he could be a part of. I think that if Stalin didn't know that a revolution could take place
then he would of stayed a Menshevik supporter. Stalin also thought that if they started the revolution
in one country (Russia) then they could get power in that country and then the army would have to
join the Bolsheviks making it bigger to take over one country one by one. Whereas Trotsky believed
that they should take over a few countries at once this was a very silly idea as they would not be
able to pull it off as they were not quite big enough to do this and Lenin saw this.
Stalin was a very hard worker from the beginning to the finish and he was a very healthy man
around the time that Lenin died whereas Trotsky was a sick man and he also still had that glory
supporter nametag. Stalin was a very sneaky person he knew what he needed to do and he did well
and truly when Trotsky

How Far Do You Agree That the Collectivisation of...
How far do you agree that the collectivisation of agriculture made an essential contribution to
Stalin's transformation of the Russian economy? To a greater extent, I do agree that collectivisation
was an essential contribution to stalin's transformation of the economy, for example, it helped
increase production and with it came the increase in industrialisation. Although there were many
clear failures with collectivisation, in purely economic terms, it was mainly successful. However, I
also think, that to a certain extent, it was other factors such as the 3 5 year plans that helped
transform the economy. Collectivisation was the process by which Russian agriculture was
reformed, small farm were merged into larger units, in hope of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Between 9.5 million and 10 million people were exiled due to dekulakisation. The kulaks were
however the most talented of the farmers and with rapid liquidation of their kind, Stalin was in fact
decreasing the efficiency of production. Others who were afraid of being labelled kulak and being
handed the same fate, began to get rid of the new and best technologies in order to come across less
like them. Figures show that grain harvests did in fact decrease, in 1928, they stood at 73.3 million
tons whereas in 1924 they had decreased to 67.6 million tons. As well as this, peasants were being
forced to meet unrealistic targets with little or no rewards. They no longer owned the land they
worked on, or could sell the food they produced in order to gain profits to cover the production
costs. This created resentment towards the government, rather than the joint revolutionary spirit
Stalin had wished to conjure. Instead peasants began killing cattle and other livestock to prevent
them from having to be turned over to the state, instead of increasing productivity this naturally
stunted economic growth. Cattle, pigs, sheep and goats all decreased, for example, cattle herds
decreased from 70.5 million head to 42.4 million head in 1934. Although collectivisation does show
clear beneficial factors that contributed to Stalin's transformation of the Russian economy, there
were also other factors which

Russian Gulag Essay
The Gulags of the Soviet Union have been compared to the concentration camps of Nazi Germany,
but in reality they were worse. The Gulags were isolated prison camps peppered across Siberia.
Death, torture, and disease raged within their walls, while endless work went on outside. Gulag
personnel were cruel and unfeeling, using terrible punishment methods and playing senseless games
that cost prisoners their lives. Political enemies of the Bolshevik party made up a significant portion
of the prisoner population, with most sent to the infamous camp system Kolyma. Liberation was
painfully slow, but by 1960, all of the Gulags were gone.
The Gulags were called many things by the Soviet government, but when boiled down, they were
essentially ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to this, in the mindset of the day, if someone was suspected of anti–Bolshevik activities,
they were automatically guilty. The investigator would look for anything he could find that could
possibly make the person guilty at all. Sometimes the investigator would take up a random piece of
literature, say it was bad, and have the suspect shipped off, even if the "incriminating" evidence was
something as benign as the children's story Goodnight Moon. The investigator would not be the one
to tell the suspect what he was even accused of; he would just take the "evidence" and people would
soon kidnap the suspect and toss him in a cattle car to Siberia, which was cramped with a mass of
other convicts. When the prisoners reached the Gulag, an official there would take everyone's
valuables and toss the convicts into cramped cells. The interrogation could start at any time. For
some the interrogations were that day, and for others it never came and their lives were lived out in
the dirty cells. When and if the interrogator got a confession out of someone, a prison sentence was
read out and the convict was sent off to the actual Gulag. Interrogation was possibly the most
terrifying part of the early Gulag prison term. The interrogator could be anyone with any type of
personality, but he or she always had a myriad of torture methods to extract

Essay on The Great Terror in Russia
Under a backdrop of systematic fear and terror, the Stalinist juggernaut flourished. Stalin's purges,
otherwise known as the "Great Terror", grew from his obsession and desire for sole dictatorship,
marking a period of extreme persecution and oppression in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s.
"The purges did not merely remove potential enemies. They also raised up a new ruling elite which
Stalin had reason to think he would find more dependable." (Historian David Christian, 1994).
While Stalin purged virtually all his potential enemies, he not only profited from removing his long–
term opponents, but in doing so, also caused fear in future ones. This created a party that had
virtually no opposition, a new ruling elite that would be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By imprisoning and executing members that opposed his views and were potential threats to his
position, Stalin was able to keep control over the USSR by using fear. Hence, this raised up a new
ruling elite that he found to be more dependable, as no one dared challenge him for fear of their life.
The purges not only impacted those openly opposed to Stalin and party members, but had
devastating effects on ordinary people too, also resulting in the prevention of progress in the Soviet
community, impacting it's future. During Stalin's rule of the country over 20 million people were
sent to labor camps of the Gulag, where nearly half of them died. Fear of losing his power and
dictatorship led Stalin to believe that the educated would be most likely to challenge his authority.
The origins of Stalin's lower class background are rumoured to have left him feeling inferior
towards the educated class, also leading to obsessive determination to remove the threat.
Subsequently, scientists, doctors and engineers, became targets, and were also imprisoned and
killed. As a consequence, the execution of Russia's educated during the Terror, stopped the social
development and growth in the Soviet initiated after the revolution, predominantly in the area of
science and technology. Many people in Russia believed everything Stalin said, with most blinded
by the vision of a father figure of authority who would do them no harm. If anyone

Essay On The Great Purges
The great Purges saw One third of the communist party killed throughout a period of terror, which
lasted from 1934–39, With Kirov being the final victim himself. On top of this many ordinary
civilians alongside Party members ere also exiled and imprisoned in gulags. Some Historians
believe that the purges were a series of distinct events that related to the purges. Whilst others
believe that the crimes were entwined. However the cause of the terror is the topic that holds more
debate. Some historians whom take a totalitarian view such as McCauley suggest that it was Stalin's
personality along side his progressive paranoia which played the key role and was responsible for
the extent of the Great Purges in the 1930s.Whilst the some historians ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The silence of not only Stalin but the whole of the Soviet Union highlights how to the communist
party this appeared to be traitorous against the fundamental ideals of socialism. This is emphasised
by McCauley as to a cause of why Stalin's Paranoia continued throughout his leadership, and his
personality therefore was responsible for the extent in regards to the terror. McCauley further
emphasises Stalin's intention of creating a climate of fear as a result of this growing paranoia. This is
evident in McCauley's emphasis on the idea that there was set targets in regards to the number of
people that had to denounced in any given period. This reiterates the idea that Stalin wished to scare
the population and work forces in his party into submission. Highlighted in the figures given to back
this up, between 1921 to around 53 the political police overfilled their targets similar to many other
work forces such as factory workers and owners. The

Bias In History
History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon
Throughout time, history has been manipulated and changed by those who write it. No one person is
ever truly objective and by that respect, no historian is unbiased. Those who write history often have
been the victors of battle, or swayed to one side of a story with a bias often in their favour. With the
introduction of photography, one could assume that history could not be re–written, yet since its
birth, as with history itself, photography has been manipulated, staged and edited to portray an
entirely alternate account of the events of the past. Even 'Documentary' photography can have
opinions influencing it at times. However is it fair to say that history comes ... Show more content
The first is that the negative itself was cut up and reassembled. He would have cut out Trotsky and
replaced the blank space with another negative from the site the original negative was taken before
light exposure. Doing this method would be tricky and would take meticulous craftsmanship, so it
was very easy to get wrong. An easier, more likely option, is that they edited the image by creating a
photogram. To do this they would have used paper or another material to block the light in the shape
of Trotsky, giving the illusion of a complete image in just one exposure. This method is a little less
delicate and can be achieved via trial and error rather easily. David King who researched about the
censorship that Stalin created in Communist Russia said that "Whatever the state considered
undesirable was withdrawn from view. In Stalin's time, this was a monumental task" Stalin had a
view of exactly how he wanted Russia to be ran, and in order to achieve that he thought that he had
to hide and present what he wanted the public to see rather than what actually is happening. Trotsky
had challenged his views and felt betrayed by the fact that he did not completely agree with how
things were to be ran in Russia, so removed him from images to sway the public into agreeing that
Trotsky was a traitor and should be exiled.

Stalins Rise To Power Essay
Question: How far did Stalin achieve and maintain what Kruchev described as "the accumulation of
immense and limitless power", in the USSR between 1924 and 1945?
Between 1924 and 1945, Joseph Stalin was able to emerge as the leader of the USSR and maintain
what Kruchev described as "the accumulation of immense and limitless power". Stalin's rise to
power was a combination of his ability to manipulate situations and the failure of others to prevent
him from taking power, especially Leon Trotsky. Stalin ruled the USSR from 1929 until his death in
1953. His rule was one of tyranny, a great change from the society that his predecessor, Lenin, had
envisioned. During his time of reign, Stalin put into effect two self–proclaimed "five–year ...
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Also, Stalin was much more involved with the base of the Party and was thought to have worked
hard to get himself to the top. Meanwhile, Trotsky was seen as a man trying to push his way in.
Further damaging Trotsky, Lenin described him as possessing "...excessive self–confidence...
and overly attracted by the purely administrative aspects of affairs..." Even though he
unintentionally projected Trotsky in this way, Lenin felt that if the removal of Stalin were not acted
upon, the conflict between Trotsky and Stalin would intensify, which would jeopardize the whole
Party. Combined with the Testament, Trotsky could have used the Postscript to obtain power, but
instead Stalin squashed it in the Central Committee.
Once eliminating Trotsky, Stalin's idea of, "socialism in our country," inevitably meant that Russia
needed strength. The productions in the USSR had almost reached pre–war levels by the mid–1920s,
but the population of Russia had also increased by 20 million people. No matter, Stalin assured that
maximum efforts and resources would be given to the expansion and strengthening of Russia herself
rather than an effort to start a revolution elsewhere. This is explained in his famous 1931 speech,
gaining power for himself. The people had nowhere else to turn to and needed a leader. Stalin was
there and knew what to do to make the people interested in his ideas, thus acquired their trust and
control. From these ideas, he created his first

Essay Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin was one of the biggest mass murderers of the twentieth century. From the purges in the
Red Army to forced relocations, Stalin had the blood of millions on his hands. This essay is not
going to debate the fact that this was indeed a brutal and power hungry individual, because he was
indeed just that. I will on the other hand show you that through his way of governing the Soviet
Union, he actually saved mother Russia from the German invasion in World War Two through his
cunning and ruthlessness.
Joseph Stalin was a very industrious person and used every means possible to better prepare his
country for the coming war that he believed was inevitable. Wether it was diplomatic plotting,
economic maneuvering, or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E. Zinoviev and L. B. Kamenev. From this point on Stalin simply concentrated more and more
power into his own hands. In 1925 Stalin made a turn to the right, got rid of his two companions and
established a coalition with moderate leaders Burkharin, Rykov, and Tomsky, which lasted until
1928, when collectivization of agriculture and the forced industrialization came about.
Stalin now followed a simple pattern, he simply systematically replaced all those who were not his
absolute followers. By 1930 his rule was absolute. Stalin was now free to go ahead and pursue his
plans to industrialize and arm the Soviet Union. The only other obstacle in his path was the army
leadership. Stalin viewed the army as a threat to his power and took steps to remove that threat. He
organized all of his followers to delve into the lives of the military leadership and find out if they
were traitors. Many of Stalin's followers used this as a way of getting back at old rivals and enemies.
All kinds of false evidence was manufactured. Stalin took all of this at face value and a great
number of the army leadership was either killed or exiled. There were also several show trials put on
to demonstrate to the Soviet people that all of the killing was being done for a reason and that there
really were conspirators and spies among them. Several accused openly confessed to active
membership of a plot to murder the Soviet leadership. With the Army purges done, Stalin

The Failure Of Power In George Orwell's Animal Farm
"No one knows for sure how many people were murdered during Stalin's Great Purge, but estimates
put the figure at more than 1 million." Over the course of his reign, Joseph Stalin has executed and
imprisoned perceived threats to his power. During the three public trails of former prominent
Communist Party leaders, and plenty of other private trails held, the defendants have been charged
under pretenses fabricated by the NKVD, the Soviet Secret Police. The defendants have fully
confessed to their crimes in court after facing intense beatings, sleep deprivation, and threats to
arrest and execute their families. However, the West has continued to see Stalin and the Soviet
Union favorably. This has urged George Orwell to write Animal Farm so he can expose the truth
about the Soviet regime. In Animal Farm, the author George Orwell uses the manipulation, and fear
of the leaders and the naivety, and loyalty of the followers to contribute to the theme of loss of
freedom and equality in order to show how power can lead to corruption. Orwell uses the
manipulation of the leaders to contribute to the theme of loss of freedom and equality in order to
show how power can lead to corruption. As stated in the text, "The windmill however, had not after
all been used for generating electrical power. It was used for milling corn, and brought in a
handsome money profit" (Orwell 129). This is a prime example of how the pigs capitalized on how
miserable the animals were. If Napoleon truly was who

Joseph Stalin : Unethical Visionary Leader
Joseph Stalin: Unethical Visionary Leader
SMSgt Shane C. Woyak
Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy
September 10, 2014
Instructor: SMSgt Steve Kramer Joseph Stalin: Unethical Visionary Leader
Introduction:
Visionary Leader Throughout World War 2, several events highlighted Joseph Stalin's actions and
identified him as a visionary leader who failed to successfully implement that vision with his
subordinates due to his own ineffective use of key team building, diversity and leadership concepts.
Ethical Leader Joseph Stalin's decisions and actions during World War 2 proved that he was an
unethical leader who fell into numerous ethical traps and lead through fear and positional power
rather than inspiration, motivation, flexibility and integrity. Although there are numerous examples
of Stalin's behavior that could be referenced, three specific events have been selected to highlight his
unethical leadership style. The first of these events was Stalin's failure to mobilize the Red Army
prior to the German invasion in the spring of 1941. Prior to 1941, Stalin had allied his nation with
Germany in the hopes of gaining crucial territories through mutual treaties. According to McNeal
(1988), Stalin continued to build up his military at a staggering pace. In 1941, the Soviet military
reached its pinnacle of 4.2 million personnel and more tanks than the rest of the world combined!
Unfortunately, Stalin failed to listen to his advisors as they warned him of

Government Policies Set Up By The Ussr
Government policies set up by the USSR, especially the New Economic Policy and Five Year Plans
had a major effect on the industrial growth and development in the USSR – both due to their
focused end goal and the unification of the party being able to enforce these policies. However, the
Five year plans can be seen as a more successful policy in promoting industrial development, as
statistics show a that it resulted in a greater growth of development and industrial development of
the USSR than any other government policy. The Five Year Plan can be seen as the leading
government policy in promoting industrial development. Set up in 1928 – 32 its goal was to propel
the USSR into becoming a modernised country in achieving the best industrial ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
To achieve this, targets were set for every industry, each region, each mine and factor and every
worker – fined if targets were not met. With a clear goal and targets to reach the FYP meant many
poor peasants in rural areas of the USSR began to migrate to urban areas. Cities sprung up from
nothing, allowing more workers to move to these developing areas in search for money a success in
promoting industrial development, as without workers willing to relocate and work, industrial
development would not have been possible. The Five year plan was a huge success in promoting
industrial development, coal production quadrupled from 1927 (35 million tons) to 150 million by
1940, followed by steel increasing six times and then followed by electricity. These key aspects
provided the basis for the USSR military economy, allowing the Soviets to turn the tables and drive
out the Germans by being able to supply the factories with an every growing demand of electricity,
parts for tanks, weapons, goods and machinery could all be manufactured to succeed in industrial
development of the USSR, the USSR was turned into a modern state, which resultantly could resist
Hitler's invasion. However, the FYP does have its failures. The over–ambitious targets set out by the
FYP, in terms of producing goods over the USSR production possibility meant many targets were
over–exaggerated and false to avoid penalty. Moreover, this led to inefficiencies as

To What Extent Did Stalin Establish a Personal...
To what extent did Stalin establish a personal dictatorship in the years 1929–1939? Between 1929
and 1930 Stalin used various ways to establish a personal dictatorship. This allowed Stalin to
establish a personal dictatorship in these years. In order to do this Stalin instituted a party purge to
silence the opposition of Riutin and his supporters, the assassination of Kirov, executed delegated
party congresses, The trial of the twenty–one and general Purges. A purge was the systematic
elimination of opponents by Stalin, The assassination of Kirov allowed Stalin to use it as an excuse
to begin the purges. In 1932, Kirov had helped to defeat Stalin on an important issue concerning
Mikhail Riutin, who had circulated a document that was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the following eighteen months, 34,000 soldiers were purged from the army. This silenced the
opposition of Riutin and his supporters. With this Stalin had no problems to establish a personal
dictatorship as his opponents would have been in fear to rise up or oppose against Stalin's ideas. The
Trail of the twenty–one in 1938 was the trial of Bukharin, Rykov and their accomplices. The
defendants were accused of attempting to overthrow socialism and of the murder of Kirov, Bukharin
was personally charged with attempting to assassinate Lenin. Bukharin tried to prove his loyalty to
Stalin but failed on several occasions. Bukharin confessed to political responsibility for the crimes
of which he was accused, however Bukharin never confessed to trying to assassinate Lenin. All
attempts failed and Bukharin was sentenced to death. With the execution of Zinoviev, Kamenev and
Bukharin, Stalin had shown that there will be no mercy for those who opposed his power. With the
elimination of Bukharin and the right, Stalin had no opposition to prevent him from gaining power.
The show trials targeted the previous generation of the Communist Party. The Purges of 1937 wiped
out younger members of the party, and dealt with unreliable elements within the army. A general
purge of the Russian people kept the country in a state of fear and obedience. This enabled Stalin to
establish a personal dictatorship as he eliminated any future rivals and kept Russia in a

Darkness at Noon Essay
The Russian Revolution and the purges of Leninist and Stalinist Russia have spawned a literary
output that is as diverse as it is voluminous. Darkness at Noon, a novel detailing the infamous
Moscow Show Trials, conducted during the reign of Joseph Stalin is Arthur Koestler's commentary
upon the event that was yet another attempt by Stalin to silence his critics. In the novel, Koestler
expounds upon Marxism, and the reason why a movement that had as its aim the "regeneration of
mankind, should issue in its enslavement" and how, in spite of its drawbacks, it still held an appeal
for intellectuals. It is for this reason that Koestler may have attempted "not to solve but to expose"
the shortcomings of this political system and by doing so ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Rubashov's character vacillates between embracing the individualistic traits of his nature to the pull
exerted on him by the indoctrination of the ideology of the greater good, even at the expense of
individual liberty and freedom. Rubashov, during his time in prison though shows a propensity to
acknowledge the failure of the glorious tenets of the Revolution, for he has seen the horror of the
totalitarian system in the purges carried out by the party leaders under the pretext of filtering traitors.
In an acknowledgement of the folly of his and the Party's ways, Rubashov states "...we are doing the
work of prophets without their gift. We replaced vision by logical discussion..." and it is this
acceptance of their shortcomings that shows the transformation of Rubashov. Rubashov, though a
committed Marxist, during his time in the prison seems vexed by the notion that the end justifies the
means because he has himself seen that the final result is often not what is seen in the present
moment but the truth that becomes apparent only in the light of retrospective thought. Rubashov
realizes that it is only history that can pass judgment and thus, the shooting of B. and thirty others by
No. 1 will be decided later "He who is in the wrong must pay; he who is in the right will be
absolved. That is the law of historical credit;

The Rump Parliament Essays
The Rump Parliament
That the Rump Parliament had absolutely no achievements at all to its name is a strong statement.
As a governing body setup by the remnants of Pride's Purge, the MP's that remained were all wanted
there originally, indeed by the very man that would eventually dissolve them –– Oliver Cromwell.
So something had certainly led Cromwell to become increasingly disillusioned with the Parliament
he in sense created. This essay will examine these reasons and just what achievements the Rump
succeeded in.
In needs to be understood just why the Rump were there at all. For what purpose had they been
created in the first place? They would surely have a set goal that had not been met by previous
parliaments. In essence, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There has certainly been no invasion of England since, so is the defence of a nation not an
achievement for the Rump? They had seen a threat and dealt with it swiftly and efficiently.
The actual members of the Rump too need to be examined. They had been left by Pride's Purge from
the parliament which stood without election since 1641. Considering that people would not enter
Parliament until at least their thirties, and that the average life–span was approximately forty–five, it
can be inferred that a number of members were close to the end of their lives. These people may not
have always had Parliamentary matters on their minds, having to brave still harsh conditions, some
did not even attend.
The Rump faced stern opposition from domestic enemies also. It was attacked by extremists who
wanted the revolution taken a great deal further, and also by Presbyterians and Royalists who
wanted Charles II brought to the throne. This claim was well supported as popular memory of his
father's execution remained sour in the mouths of contemporaries who saw him as a martyr.
The Rump did delve into social reform as they had been required to do so. They made every effort
to rid the country of extremists and dangerous sects, arresting leveller leaders and putting down cults
such as the Ranters. Acts were passed against adultery and blasphemy. It can be argued however that
these can hardly be labelled as achievements. Laws

Kgb In Animal Farm Essay
The KGB
Wouldn't it be nice to have a secret police force that listened to every word and killed anyone the
spot with no remorse? Well that pretty much sums up the KGB, they were a ruthless secret police
service that worked for whoever was in power for Russia. Under the wrong control they were very
destructive. In Animal Farm the dogs represented the KGB.
The KGB was one of many roots of secret police. The 1st, strongest and most durable, was
"CHEKA". CHEKA was originally formed in 1917, during the first days of the Bolshevik
government. It played a major role in the 'Russian Civil War' with multiple investigations and
executions. "Feliks Dzerzhinsky, CHEKA's chief during the early years of Soviet power, molded the
service into an effective, merciless tool of the ruling Communist Party" (Pringle). CHEKA's power
was almost over–whelming, so in–order to even some of the power out they ... Show more content
Joseph Stalin was one of the biggest villains of his time. Right off the bat the NKVD's surveillance
was increased and they had claimed to have found enough evidence to uncover anti–Soviet
conspiracies among long–term part members. This can relate to a part in Animal farm, when
Napoleon (representation of Stalin) had the dogs (representation of the KGB/NKVD) chase of
Snowball (representation of the long–term power) for they believed he sided with the humans
(representation of anti–Soviet powers). The NKVD was later split into 2 branches, the other being
called GPU. Unlike the other branches of the KGB that stayed stationary in Russia, the GPU would
travel the world. While the GPU traveled the NKVD stayed home in Russia and took care of Stalin's
business by executing people or sending them to 'gulogs'. Gulogs were just dungeons or buildings
only used by KGB. (History of the KGB and secret police in

In Douglas Tottle's Fraud, Famine And Fascism
Five–year plan that ravaged the kulaks and peasant class and lead them into the famine that would
claim millions of lives. Dekulakization can be defined as the political repressions, including arrests,
deportations and executions of millions of the better off peasants and their families in 1929–1932.
Kulak was a term to refer to the richer peasant class that owned land and opposed collectivization.
This was Stalin's way of effectively getting rid of anyone who opposed his ideas. In May of 1929
the Council of People's Commissars produced a formal definition of a kulak. "The term 'kulak' was
defined broadly and included not only kulaks (an ambiguous term to start with) but (using the
parlance of the day) active white guards, former bandits, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Tottle's book shows the level of denial and the layers of arguments and misdirection the Soviets and
communists in general used to deny the existence of the genocide. It is hard to believe that any
group could keep this kind of death in such great numbers quiet for as long as they were able to.
Even with eye witness testimonies and stories of the famine, the truth didn't come out until
December of 1987. Survivors of genocide like Miron Dolot had to live with the truth while pro–
Communists like Tottle denied the very nightmare that was Dolot's reality. In his book Execution by
Hunger: The Hidden Holocaust, Dolot describes what his Ukrainian village was like after Stalin's
policies of collectivization and dekulakization had ravished the people. Starvation in our village now
reached a point at which death was a desirable relief. Many houses around us had already been
standing for a long time with no signs of life. As the snow slowly melted away human corpses were
exposed to view everywhere: in backyards, roads, in fields. As the weather warmed, they started to
thaw and decay. The stench which resulted plagued us, and we could do nothing about it. The
villagers who survived were unable to bury the dead and no one on the outside seemed in a hurry to
do it, so the bodies where left wherever they happened to

The Stalinist Era Of The Soviet Union During The 1930 ' S
The Stalinist era was a period in Russian history when "normal life became a luxury". Stalin seized
control of the Soviet Union during a time of great opposition and chaos. The manifestation of
Communism forced the people to suffer through continuous upheavals.The state became the
monopolistic producer and distributor of goods and as a result had full authority over the
manufacturing and marketing of necessities such as basic foods, apartments, and even documents.
Everyday Stalinism is an account of the "little men" living in the Soviet Union during the 1930's.
Written by Sheila Fitzpatrick, it describes the daily lives and struggles of the citizens throughout the
revolution. All of society was reconstructed as an attempt to established a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The rewards would come later" (8)
"Stalin's revolution" is a term signifying the drastic increase in power experienced by the
bureaucracy during the 1930's. The First Five Year Plan incorporated policies which furthered mass
production. The goal was to increase industrialization in order to reconstruct the Soviet Union into a
utopian and powerful nation. The politburo, titled "nashi vozhdi", was determined to create a nation
which worked as a single, mass–producing machine. Everyone was under constant watch and
expected to work in a "campaign style,"–"...In short, hectic bursts of concentrated attention to
particular tasks, not through routine, incremental activity. This made life at the factory resemble life
at the front..." (32). Efficient and vigourous production was key to reconstructing the Soviet Union
into an industrialized and socialist state. Shortages were one of the major issues encountered during
the perestroika. The inexperienced bureaucracy was comprised of unqualified officials who
developed an unrealistic and unorganized economy. Marxist thought encouraged heavy industry.
The major drawback was that it did not emphasize the production of consumer goods, nor their
distribution. Furthermore, "petty tutelage" or the desire to control even the smallest aspects of
everyday life was exercised during the 1930's. In due course personal enterprise was forbidden.
Basic necessities were difficult to get which led to

Essay on The Effectiveness of Stalin's Use of Personal Power
From the 1920's onwards, Stalin set the stage for gaining absolute power, through a number of
campaigns of repression against groups which opposed the Communist Party and Stalin himself.
The use of terror became a central part to Stalin's rule during the 1930's with the launching of The
Great Purges against opposition to Stalin. It can be seen that Stalin did effectively remove
opposition to the exercise of his personal power until 1941 when Germany invaded Russia. The term
'purge' in Soviet political slang was an abbreviation of the expression 'purge of the party ranks.'
However, Stalin's terror changed its meaning to almost certain arrest, imprisonment or even ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main difference was the terror in the 1920's was usually applied to obvious opponents of the
party; whereas the terror in the 1930's was mainly against members of the party and against people
had committed no offences to be considered as opposition. Another major difference was the earlier
terror had occurred under exceptional circumstances in the civil war, when Communist rule was
under threat. The terror in the 1930's took place while Communist rule was firmly in place. It is
necessary to make a clear distinction between 'The Purges' and 'The Terror'. The purges were the
attempts to 'clean–up' the party so that unworthy party members who only joined for their own
advantage were expelled. They were also attempts to ensure the party members were loyal,
dedicated and active. Whereas 'The Terror' is the name given to the use of fear by Stalin to control
the population and to remove his opponents. There were many attempts to clean up the Communist
party in the early 19360's. In 1933 and 1934 a general purge of the party was launched where alien,
unreliable and disreputable elements were expelled from the party. At the end of 1934 nearly one
million members were expelled from the party and Ryutin was jailed. Also in this year a New
Central Purge Commission was set up. In 1935 there was a verification of party documents

What Is Folkloric Like Epic Hero
The role and cultural description of what would be call a folkloric–like epic hero didn't change for
many years...
Batman, Spiderman, Superman, or even the Hulk are just echoes of what would be recognized as
folkloric–like epic heroes. Basically, a hero that is pictured as a "larger than life" character, who
fights the forces of evil, usually pictured as a vicious, cruel, villain or gruesome fiend.
Accordingly, the story of Beowulf is a classic example of such, including a clear folkloric epic hero
which is Beowulf, who fights forces of evil, presented as Grendel, his mother, and a fire breathing
dragon. Moreover, Beowulf express an expansive deal of heroic traits; for example: his bravery and
boldness, yet baffling fairness in his decisions before his first encounter with Grendel that can be
seen in this excerpt from the poem:
Lines 259–268;
"...I have heard, Too, that the monster's scorn of men Is so great that he needs no weapons and fears
none. Nor will I. My lord Higlac Might think less of me if I let my sword Go where my feet were
afraid to, if I hid Behind some board linden shield: my hands Alone shall fight for me, struggle for
life Against the monster. God must decide Who will be given to death's cold grip." ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Conversely, Korolev was trying to develop launchers and booster rockets under the huge political
pressures of the leaders of the USSR, and with minimal ground testing and economical support he
was able to break all expectations, as he was aging, he got more determined to serve his nation, but
unfortunately his health deteriorated quickly, and he died peacefully in 3 December

Essay on Between Two Fires: A Review
David Clay Large, Between Two Fires: Europe's Path in the 1930s (New York: W.W. Norton &
Company, 1990).
David Clay Large wrote an interesting account of the situation in Europe during the 1930s. His
account was interesting for three reasons that will be discussed throughout this review. Firstly, his
purpose was clear and he managed to follow it throughout the book. Secondly, his organizational
structure was logical, appropriate and well designed. Finally, his innovative approach to a
conclusion tied things together for his reader and allowed them to think about the ideas that he
presented in the body of the work in a new manner. All in all, this book provides a useful overview
of Europe in the 1930s as seen from several ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Chapter Two, "The Death of Red Vienna" deals with the Austrian Civil War (59).
Chapter Three is called "The Night of the Long Knives" and discusses Nazi Germany
and the Blood Purge of 1934 (101). Chapter Four, "Revenge for Adowa" explores Italy
and the beginnings of the Ethiopian conflict (138). Chapter Five concentrates on the Northeast of
Britain during the Great Depression and is titled "'Red Ellen' Wilkinson and the Jarrow
Crusade" (180). Chapter Six delivers an account of the Spanish Civil War and of the
destruction of Guernica. It is given the rather lackadaisical title of "Death in the
Afternoon" (223). Chapter Seven, "The Revolution Eats Its Children" discusses
Stalin's Great Purge of 1937 (267). And finally, Chapter Eight is called "Peace For Our
Time" and covers the policy of Appeasement and the Munich Conference (317). He then
offers an epilogue discussing the more modern aspects of these events (364). An introduction, eight
chapters, eight topics and an epilogue provide a perfectly balanced and well–organized approach
that would be an asset to any history book.
A book that had been about 1930s European intrigue, conflict, hatred, imperialism, the Depression,
communism or appeasement would not have been as engaging to the reader as Large's book. The
same would be true

Analysis Of Between Shades Of Gray By Ruta Sepetys
Between Shades of Gray by Ruta Sepetys is an outstanding book. The story takes place during the
Baltic deportations. One day the Soviet secret police break into Lina Vilkas' house ripping her
family apart. The NKVD demands Lina, her brother, and her mother to leave their house
immediately. They are captured and taken into crowded trains in which they are barely given any
food. Many people die inside the trains. The NKVD was trying to sell them for slaves, but Lina's
group was not taken, so they later go into working camps in which they suffer many obstacles
including starvation. Throughout the story, Lina is trying to understand the reason for her family's
deportation. She also has no idea where her dad Kostas is. She uses her talent of drawing ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout the book. Lina was unsure as to why they were being deported. In the beginning of the
book, she found out that the trains in which they were being deported in were labeled Thieves and
Prostitutes. She was in confusion as to how she and her family were criminals, and what they could
have possibly done to receive such punishment. " Thieves and prostitutes. Our mothers were in that
car along with a teacher, a librarian, elderly people, and a newborn baby– thieves and prostitutes"
(Sepetys, 41). The reason as to why Lina and her family were deported, was unknown to the reader
at the beginning of the book. As the story continues, the reason for their deportation is revealed.
Sepetys mentioning deportations was not only significant to the storyline but also made the story
more interesting. Lina not knowing the reason for her family's deportation, lead to mystery
throughout the

From the 1920’s up until his death Joseph Stalin was the...
From the 1920's up until his death Joseph Stalin was the leader of Russia. What ensued under
Stalin's reign didn't evoke emotions of love for country within the Russian people. Under Stalin the
people lived in constant fear because of an epidemic within their own country, genocide of Stalin's
own people by Stalin himself. From 1934 up until 1939 a period of mass fear swept over Russia and
at the helm Stalin with his (helpers?) of mass killings, the NKVD which are the internal police.
Russia has always had a form 'state security service' commonly thought of now as "the secret
police", but in 1929 under the direction of Stalin the NKVD was formed and though it may have a
new name it still held the infamous fear and practices of its ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Along with that man the "founding fathers (PBS)," of the Soviet Union were publically executed for
crimes against the country (PBS). During Stalin's reign fear was a motivator anyone who spoke out
was executed or sent to the Gulag's, but that wasn't enough for Stalin. The people who were terrified
of him also had to praise him; Stalin's grasp over Russia was so strong that wherever you were his
photo was near you (BBC). Children were taught to love Stalin even though they were scared out of
their minds. Stalin was given credit whenever anything good happened like there was a good
growing season for farmers, just like a god and "they dare not do anything else" (BBC). The reason
Stalin instilled so much fear into his fellow countrymen was what he felt would create unity (BBC).
The Soviet Union has always had a form of inner security somewhat like a combination of the FBI
and CIA in America, but much more corrupt and ruthless. The NKVD was in control of certain
departments they include troops stationed inside of the Soviet Union, criminal departments such as
the police and other forms of investigation, prison guards these guards are also the Gulag guards as
well, The NKVD was also in charge of much more (NKVD.org). As part of Stalin's sense of unity
came a sense of country; it has been

How Important Were The Purges In The 1930s To Stalin's...
How important were the purges of the 1930s to Stalin's control of the USSR? The purges that
occurred in Russia started in 1934 when Sergei Kirov, a leading politician, was murdered. Using his
death as an excuse, Stalin started a wave of terror known as the great purges which led to the death
of thousands of people. These purges contributed to Stalin's control over USSR, as it was able to put
the Russians in fear and eliminate Stalin's opponents. However, there were other key and integral
factors that helped Stalin gain control of USSR such as his use of propaganda, social and cultural
policies, as well as the Stalin ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through the purges, Russians were able to realize how brutal Stalin was. Since the Russians feared
Stalin, they restrained themselves from going against him. The Moscow trials were often recorded
and shown to the public to ensure that everyone is aware of what would happen if they attempted to
oppose Stalin. In many occasions, people would report their neighbors and even their family
members of criticizing Stalin. This was done in order to create a good image of themselves, and
show their loyalty to the communist government in hopes that it would prevent them from being
purged or getting sent into gulags. Due to the frequent reports and accusations, 1.2 million people
were shot and another 60,000 people were sent to gulags where most of them died because of the
harsh working conditions and the lack of basic necessities. Thus, the purges helped Stalin retain his
control over USSR because the purges created fear in Russians to the point that they would go to
great measures such as accusing their families of betrayal to Stalin just so that they wouldn't be
purged or sent to labor

The Great Terrors : Sofia Petrovna And Stalin's Great Purges
The Great Terror was one of the single greatest loss of lives in the history of the world. It was a
crusade of political tyranny in the Soviet Union that transpired during the late 1930's. The Terrors
implicated a wide spread cleansing of the Communist Party and government officials, control of
peasants and the Red Army headship, extensive police over watch, suspicion of saboteurs, counter–
revolutionaries, and illogical slayings. Opportunely, some good did come from the terrors
nonetheless. Two of those goods being Sofia Petrovna and Requiem. Both works allow history to
peer back into the Stalin Era and bear witness to the travesties that came with it. Through the use of
fictional story telling and thematic devises Sofia Petrovna and Requiem, respectively, paint a grim
yet descriptive picture in a very efficient manner.
Sofia Petrovna follows the life of Sofia Petrovna, a typist who works at the Leningrad publishing
house. After the death of her husband and capture of her son, Sofia goes insane. It's a type of
unhinged that demonstrates itself in mirages minutely dissimilar from the deceits those surrounding
her voice to guard themselves. Sofia Petrovna proposes an extraordinary and fundamental account
of Stalin's Great Purges through simple fictional story arcs. First, there is the vanishing of seemingly
innocent people. Sofia looses several people in her life throughout the duration of the novel with
almost no warning or explanation. This provides an effective look into

Impact of the Secret Speech- Khrushchev
Gobbet 2– Khrusschev's Secret Speech
The Source is an extract of a speech given by Nikita Khrushchev at the Twentieth Party Congress of
the Soviet Union on February 25th 1956. Khrushchev served as First Secretary of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, or
Premier, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de–Stalinization of the
Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the world's early space program, and for several relatively
liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy. Stalin's political heirs fought for power after his death in
1953, a struggle in which Khrushchev, after several years, emerged triumphant. In 1956, at the
Twentieth Party Congress, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The government would now rule now not by terror and compulsion, but by calling on the initiative
of the people and their co–operation. Khrushchev launched the de–Stalinization campaign for
internal reasons, and in the teeth of strong opposition from Stalinists such as Molotov, Malenkov
and Voroshilov. The speech achieved its purpose, at least within the Communist party of the Soviet
Union. It drew a firm line under the Stalinist era, acknowledging its monstrosities and disasters
while preserving the fiction that the present Communist leadership bore no responsibility.
Khrushchev became secure in power and won a relatively free hand to reform the Soviet economy
and liberalize the apparatus of terror. In addition to this old Stalinists such as Molotov were removed
from their positions. A period of liberalization followed which was known as Khrushchev's Thaw.
This was a chain of unprecedented steps to free people from fear and dictatorship. Two climactic
acts of de–Stalinization marked the process firstly, on October 31, 1961, Stalin's body was removed
from its mausoleum in Red Square and reburied, and secondly, on November 11, 1961, the "hero
city" Stalingrad was renamed to Volgograd. However the power struggle between liberals and
conservative pro–Stalinists never stopped, and it eventually weakened the Soviet Communist Party.
However the real significance of

Joseph Stalin : The Most Ruthless Communist Leader
Erin Bitsuie
Mr. Natanabah
Senior World History
30 January 2015
Stalin
Imagine you live on a farm that you own or so you believe you own. Then one day the leader of
your country decides to take away your land in order to promote the prosperity and advancement of
your country. You don't want to give your land away but you have to because if you don't you will
be killed or tortured. Either way fighting for your land won't do any good because the leader of your
country will always get what he wants. Especially if your leader is Joseph Stalin. Stalin was the
most ruthless communist leader in history because he perpetrated crimes against humans, tortured,
murdered and took away people's rights in order to have a successful nation.
Stalin wanted communism, power, and glory. He would do anything to get what he wanted. For
people to obey and follow his rules he would do anything. Even killing people and their family.
Stalin was a ruthless man with no remorse. He demanded respect and obedience from his people and
anyone who turned against him were killed. No doubt about getting killed or sent to gulags if you
wanted to disobey Stalin. If anyone wanted to rebel against Stalin's orders then he would order his
soldiers to kill them. No one got away with talking bad about Stalin or disobeying. Stalin would find
out and would kill them. Soon the whole Soviet Union wanted to rebel against Stalin but he was too
powerful to stop. On December 18th 1878 in Georgia, Russia one of the most

The Impact of Stalin on Russia and the Russian People Essay
The Impact of Stalin on Russia and the Russian People
Joseph Stalin was born to a poor family in the province of Georgia in 1879. Stalin's real surname
was Djugasvili; he adopted the name 'Stalin' whilst in prison as he felt the translation 'Man of Steel'
would help his image. Stalin joined the Bolshevik party as a young man and soon became an active
member organizing bank raids to gain money for party funds; this led to Stalin's imprisonment a
number of times. Stalin first met Lenin in December 1905 in Finland and was quite surprised to see
him as an ordinary man unlike the person he had imagined. In 1918 Stalin was made Commissar for
Nationalities of the Bolshevik party, then in 1922 he became ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Stalin was extremely ambitious and his initial taste of power had made him even more egotistical.
Trotsky fled but was hunted down and eliminated to ensure Stalin retained power. The long term
effects of this ensured that future opponents of Stalin would also be eliminated.
With Lenin dead and Trotsky eliminated Stalin realized he was now able to concentrate on his own
policies. He abandoned Lenin's idea of 'World Revolution' and adopted his own policy of 'Socialism
in One Country'. He began with state control of Industry and Agriculture. This led to Stalin adopting
his 'Five Year Plans for Industry' and 'Collectivisation of Agriculture'. An organisation called
GOSPLAN was created to plan everything out. The first five–year plan was created to improve
heavy industries production such as coal, oil, iron, steel and electricity. The second continued to
emphasise on heavy industry but also made a commitment to communication systems such as
railways. The third put an emphasis on weapon production, as war did seem to be approaching. The
long–term effects of this were that Russia was able to withstand German invasion in World War Two
and drive back the German forces. Stalin's adoption of the Five Year Plans proved to be very
successful. There were vast improvements in Education and Health and Russia was made into a
major industrial

The Great Purge Of The Cold War
Joseph Stalin's determination greatly affected his leadership and led to the beginnings of the Cold
War. His determination allowed him to rise to power and destroy all opposition against his reign.
The Great Purge, one of the greatest terrors in history, was also done due to his determination to stay
in power. This same determination led to, as well as shaped, a large quantity of the events of World
War 2. His leadership was similar to the leadership of Adolf Hitler, yet because of his determination,
was quite different, and quite possibly more effective. In the end his determination for power led to
the events of the Cold War.
This determination greatly affected Stalin's rise to power, and allowed him to completely decimate
all opposition to his leadership. Originally, Stalin was a powerless citizen of the USSR, yet he
managed to quickly rise to the top of the political field. He began his role in politics by joining the
Bolsheviks in 1903. Due to his thirst for power he steadily rose through the ranks of the party and
was soon the General Secretary. The Bolshevik insurrection to Russian leadership was successful
and placed Stalin in a position of great power. He then used his power to isolate members of the
party in an attempt to take away their power and popularity. Determined to gain absolute dominance
over the other members, he caused the dismissal, and possibly the deaths, of several of his political
opponents. This left him in total rule over the Communist party,

1984 And The Thought Police In 1984 By George Orwell
In 1949, George Orwell published his chilling take on the future in the novel, 1984. In this future,
London, along with the rest of the former British Empire and America, has become the totalitarian
super state known as Oceania, which is governed by a single Party that has absolute authority. One
of the ways the Party keeps control of its people is by use of the Thought Police, a widespread secret
police organization that monitors the people and deals with anyone who has rebellious actions,
idea,or even thoughts. Although 1984 is nothing but a work of fiction, and furthermore the Thought
Police, while reading 1984, one cannot help but draw comparisons to the real life secret police found
in the Stalinist era Soviet Union. The Stalinist era was the time from 1929–1953 when Joseph Stalin
ruled over the Soviet Union, and like in 1984, Stalin used a secret police organization to control his
people, the Narodny Kommisariat Vnutrennikh Del, which translates to the People's Commissariat
for Internal Affairs. Interestingly enough, George Orwell's novel 1984, was written during this exact
time era. Thus, it can be inferred that while creating the Thought Police for 1984, George Orwell
was influenced by the NKVD of the Stalinist era. During Stalin's reign, the Secret Police played a
critical role in enforcing Stalin's will. After Stalin came to power, one of the first things he did was
to greatly expand the size of the Secret Police. In a biography of Stalin's life, the author

Napoleon And Stalin Animal Farm Essay
Animal Farm is a political allegory concerning power about the Russian Revolution. At the
beginning of "Animal Farm", power was used to achieve great things. It brought all animals of
Manor Farm together but after an initial influence of power, it began to destroy the community that
they had worked together to form. This can be seen by the character development of Napoleon who
is thought to potray Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union during the mid 1920's. They were
both leaders that abused their power and used ruthless methods to rule over the community. For
instance, Napoleon and Stalin both abused their given power, one of the similarities between them
was their act of violence. In the novella, "Animal Farm" by George orwell, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In the novella, "Animal Farm", by George Orwell, Orwell states, " Napoleon had accepted, through
Whymper, a contract for four hundred eggs a week.... Their method was to fly up the rafters and
there lay their eggs, which smashed to pieces on the floor.... He [Napoleon] ordered the hens' rations
to be stopped and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be
punished by death " (pg.68). This means that Napoleon killed all the chickens because they didn't
want to give them anymore eggs. Napoleon never consulted with the hens to give up their products.
This is to symbolise what Stalin did in the past when he wanted to take the lands away from
profiting farmers because private property is against the government and socialism. Both of them
tried to control the food production and would not mind killing to get the production process
smoother. Furthermore, both dictators ruled over their subjects with an iron hand. Orwell
states,"...but it was cruel work, and the animals could not feel so hopeful about it as they had felt
before. They were always cold and usually hungry as well" (pg 66). This means that Napoleon
would make the animals work hard no matter how the harsh conditions were. In relation to this,
Stalin made loyal proletariat workers work hard until they got too tired and incompetent. Overall,
both dictators governed their people

Essay on DeStalinization
DeStalinization
The Origins
· Desalinization was an extremely sensitive issue, as if it was handed badly, it could provoke unrest.
The post Stalinist officials wished to give the impression that they had not been involved in Stalin's
crime, but also wished to promote change from his style of leadership.
· Initially, prisoners were released from labor camps and other criminals were rehabilitated, in order
to buy time for a more major action.
· In 1995 the central committee set up a commission that intended to investigate Stalin's crimes.
However, the commission was extremely limited in what it could condemn. It was not allowed to
denounce the majority of Stalin's actions, such ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
· The speech, however, was not as effective as Khrushchev had hoped. It failed to criticize many
aspects of Stalin's rule and did not condemn Stalin as a person, but rather, the Stalinist system.
Nonetheless, it shocked the delegates, and effectively instigated Desalinization in the Soviet Union.
Why did Khrushchev do it?
* Several possible reasons:
– Wished to liberate the party officials from the fear of repression, as under Stalin, no one was safe
to voice an opinion that conflicted to his.
– A strategic maneuver on the part of Khrushchev, with the goal of securing his own authority. By
denouncing Stalin, Khrushchev was also undermining the credibility of his competitors, namely
Molotov and Malenkov, who had been members of Stalin's inner circle. This gave them an
ultimatum: side with Khrushchev or be condemned along with Stalin
– Truly wished to change the coarse of the development of the Soviet Union
The events that followed
· Throughout the 1950's, Khrushchev's policy of Desalinization continued, with many new policies

constructed that greatly deviated from the past Stalinist approach.
· The SU's approach to agriculture was completely different then under Stalin, putting
collectivization on the backburner and implementing an entirely new agricultural policy, the Virgin
land schemes. Under this, previously

Joseph Stalin No Slowdown In Sopo Analysis
A power struggle within the Soviet Communist Party was triggered by Vladimir Lenin's death in
1924, and shortly after, Joseph Stalin seized control of the party, quashing all potential opposition to
his leadership. Thereafter, the late 1920's and early 1930's saw fundamental changes to the Soviet
Union. It was during this period that Joseph Stalin consolidated his authority and was allowed to
rule without opposition, becoming the clear 'vozhd' and introducing his "revolution from above"
(McKay 903) on the Soviet population. In 1931, with the first 5 year plan well underway, Stalin
made a pivotal speech to the First Conference of Soviet Industrial Managers titled 'No Slowdown in
Tempo!', speaking to them "in terms of hard–line Russian nationalism" ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By taking an "Us versus the World" approach, Stalin's reasoning of rapid growth becomes clear and
a vital component of his speech. "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We
must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or we shall go under" (McKay 904).
From Stalin's speech, he constantly pushes nationalism and it is clear he views Russian
Independence as the most vital goal of his time in power. He reiterates numerous times that the
workers' tempo must not slow down, as the survival of the Soviet Union and its people are at

Why did the governments of the interregnum fail to find an...
The governments of the interregnum failed to find an acceptable settlement predominantly due the
power vacuum which was left by the King when he was executed. This wasn't helped by the lack of
legitimacy of the regicide where only 59 MP's signed Charles' death warrant. However one could
argue that Oliver Cromwell, Parliament and The New Model Army's want and desire for more
power also led to the failure to find an acceptable settlement.
After Charles was executed several political problems arose because there was no direction of
settlement due to the degree and nature of the reform. As a result of this, two sides formed, the army
who were religious radicals and parliament, who were after a conservative settlement. The result of
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, the military wanted a radical religious reform, led by John Lambert, whereas the
civilians (or parliament) wanted a more moderate, parliament endorsed regime, led by figures such
as Lord Broghill. Therefore, Cromwell was a major source of division and was said to be an
"ideological schizophrenic" (Worden). Furthermore "division was made worse by Oliver Cromwell"
(Worden) which is seen with the fluctuation of Cromwell's views between 1649–58, beginning with
the dissolution of the Rump Parliament, because he favoured the Nominated Assembly, devised by
fifth–monarchist Thomas Harrison, however the Assembly was named the Barebones Parliament.
Despite Cromwell initially siding with a "Godly rule" (Smith), he reverted back to the regime to
protect tradition, helped by Lambert who ended the Barebones Parliament due to the fear of the
increasing power of religious radicals. Therefore, it was the indecisive nature of Oliver Cromwell
that led to the failure in attempting to create an acceptable settlement in politics and religion.
Religious radicalism was fundamentally linked politics. Following Civil War in 1642, religious
radicalism evolved due to the collapse of censorship and the Church of England which brought
social upheaval across England, making it increasingly difficult for Cromwell to achieve an
acceptable settlement. The less influential groups amongst society were the Diggers and Fifth
Monarchists who believed that

The Great Purge And Was A Social Policy Of Stalin
Stalin is a name everyone probably has heard at some point, most likely in a history class that you
have long forgotten now. However people tend to not know that during his time as Premier of the
Soviet Union he killed more people than Hitler did. This could have been through his policies or his
Five year plans. Joseph Stalin ruled the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1953 when he died. In that 24
year span he killed an estimated 50 million people (Haines) and this doesn 't include the lives lost in
WW2. For some reason, it something that we do not learn in history; it is excluded from our history
books. This is called the Great Purge and was a social policy of Stalin, he was collecting Jewish
people though he was after opponents to his regime. Between 1934 and 1939 stalin set in a motion
to have about ⅓ of the three million communist officials purged (Freedland). These people were
either sent to a work camp or a gulag, put on trial where they were forced to plead guilty, or they
were just executed. This was a policy of his that would secure his place in the communist party, he
even went as far to have pictures of himself edited so that he wasn't in them with certain people.
Stalin also sent his son, Yakov Dzhugashvili, to the eastern front hoping he would die. He did this
because Yakov was an active opponent of his father (Evans). When he was captured the Nazi's tried
ransoming him back, to which stalin said to kill him; which is what happened. Having purged the
party he could

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