The document lists various surgical and medical causes that can result in abdominal pain, such as gallstones, ulcers, infections of the urinary tract or reproductive organs, vascular issues like aneurysms, and cancers. It also mentions psychiatric, musculoskeletal, neurological, pulmonary, endocrine, and blood disorders as potential causes. The management section recommends medications like hyoscine and dicyclomine to treat colicky pain, antibiotics for infections, and surgery for trauma or obstructions.

1. SURGICAL CAUSES:
- STONES: URETER, GALLBLADDER
- INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION, ABDOMINAL
TRAUMA, PEPTIC ULCER, PERITONITIS
- INFECTIONS: OESOPHAGAL
INFLAMMATION, CHOLECYSTITIS,
APPENDICITIS, PANCREATITIS, URINARY
TRACT INFECTION, PELVIC
INFLAMMATORY DISEASE,
DIVERTICULITIS, ANY ABSCESS IN THE
ABDOMEN.
- VASCULAR ABNORMALITIES:
ANEURYSMS, SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA,
VESSEL OCCLUSION.
- GYNAECOLOGICAL: OVARIAN CYST,
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY.
MEDICAL CAUSES:
- CARDIOVASCULAR: MI, HEART FAILURE,
AORTIC DISSECTION.
- RETROPERITONEAL ABSCESS,
LYMPHADENOPATHY, MALIGNANCY,
ANEURYSM.
- PSYCHIATRIC: ANXIETY, DEPRESSION.
- MUSCULOSKELETAL: MUSCLE PAIN,
VERTEBRAL COMPRESSION.
- NEUROLOGICAL: SPINAL CORD LESIONS.
- PULMONARY: EMBOLISM, PNEUMONIA,
EMPYEMA, PNEUMOTHORAX.
- ENDOCRINE: DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS,
HYPERCALCEMIA, PORPHYRIA, ADRENAL
DISEASES.
- BLOOD DISORDERS: HEMOLYTIC
DISEASES, SICKLE CELL ANEMIA.
- DRUGS/ TOXINS: STEROIDS, NSAIDS,
ALCOHOL, LEAD POISONING, SNAKE
BITE.
MANAGEMENT:
- COLICKY PAIN: INJ.HYOSCIN 20 MG IV/ TAB
10MG/ SUSPENSION 7.5 MG OR INJ DICYCLOMINE
20MG IV/ 10MG PO TID
- INFECTIONS: ANTIBIOTICS: GENTAMICIN,
CEFOTAXIME, CEFTRIAXONE, PIPERACILLIN+
TAZOBACTUM.
- TRAUMA, OBSTRUCTIONS: SURGERY