1) The document discusses the processes of mastication, deglutition, digestion in the stomach and small intestine. It describes the stages of swallowing and peristalsis that move food through the esophagus. 2) In the stomach, mixing waves macerate food and reduce it to chyme, which is periodically emptied into the duodenum. Enzymatic digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates begins in the stomach. 3) The small intestine uses segmentations and migrating motility complexes to mix chyme, bring it in contact with the mucosa, and propel it forward for absorption over 3-5 hours.