Stress, Anxiety, Trauma and Mental Functioning Amidst the Pandemic of the Cen...ijtsrd
During an outbreak of any viral infectious disease, the psychological reactions of the population play a vital role in shaping both spread of the disease and the prevalence of emotional distress and social disorder during and after the outbreak. While this might be evident in the acute phase, when health systems prioritize testing, reducing transmission and critical patient care, psychological and psychiatric needs should not be overlooked and should be given the adequate importance. These are clearly crucial issues to consider in the management including COVID 19. Psychological reactions to pandemics include maladaptive behaviours, emotional distress and defensive responses, anxiety, stress, trauma and depressive relapses. Both the threat and realization of loss due to the core and ancillary can be traumatic and may lead to chronic stress, depression, anxiety, and bereavement. Thus it is fare to state that extreme, stress anxiety and psychiatric co morbidities that were already increasing at an alarming rate has been aggravated by COVID 19 pandemic, the dreaded pandemic of the century. Further sample based study and research is warranted. Dr. Ankit Halder | Dr. Avinanda Biswas | Dr. Navna Panchami Ravindran | Dr. Devavrat Harshe "Stress, Anxiety, Trauma and Mental Functioning Amidst the Pandemic of the Century" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41262.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/other/41262/stress-anxiety-trauma-and-mental-functioning-amidst-the-pandemic-of-the-century/dr-ankit-halder
Somatic Experiencing: Reduction of Depression and Anxiety in Homeless Adults ...Michael Changaris
This is a brief 7 page version of dissertation presented for completion of doctorate. The study found some implications for reduction of symptoms of depression and anxiety in homeless adults. Limitations are number of sessions attended (1.33 average), population heterogeneity and small sample size.
Stress, Anxiety, Trauma and Mental Functioning Amidst the Pandemic of the Cen...ijtsrd
During an outbreak of any viral infectious disease, the psychological reactions of the population play a vital role in shaping both spread of the disease and the prevalence of emotional distress and social disorder during and after the outbreak. While this might be evident in the acute phase, when health systems prioritize testing, reducing transmission and critical patient care, psychological and psychiatric needs should not be overlooked and should be given the adequate importance. These are clearly crucial issues to consider in the management including COVID 19. Psychological reactions to pandemics include maladaptive behaviours, emotional distress and defensive responses, anxiety, stress, trauma and depressive relapses. Both the threat and realization of loss due to the core and ancillary can be traumatic and may lead to chronic stress, depression, anxiety, and bereavement. Thus it is fare to state that extreme, stress anxiety and psychiatric co morbidities that were already increasing at an alarming rate has been aggravated by COVID 19 pandemic, the dreaded pandemic of the century. Further sample based study and research is warranted. Dr. Ankit Halder | Dr. Avinanda Biswas | Dr. Navna Panchami Ravindran | Dr. Devavrat Harshe "Stress, Anxiety, Trauma and Mental Functioning Amidst the Pandemic of the Century" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41262.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/other/41262/stress-anxiety-trauma-and-mental-functioning-amidst-the-pandemic-of-the-century/dr-ankit-halder
Somatic Experiencing: Reduction of Depression and Anxiety in Homeless Adults ...Michael Changaris
This is a brief 7 page version of dissertation presented for completion of doctorate. The study found some implications for reduction of symptoms of depression and anxiety in homeless adults. Limitations are number of sessions attended (1.33 average), population heterogeneity and small sample size.
Dissertation - Somatic Experiencing Treatment for Reduction of Symptoms of De...Michael Changaris
This is the full version of dissertation presented for completion of doctorate. The study found some implications for reduction of symptoms of depression and anxiety in homeless adults. Limitations are number of sessions attended (1.33 average), population heterogeneity and small sample size.
Health Psychology Psychological Adjustment to the Disease, Disability and Lossijtsrd
This article discusses the psychological adjustment of adults to severe or incurable diseases or other loss. The stress that results from a diagnosis of illness or loss depends on many factors, such as the beliefs of each individual and the social context. Considering the diversity of human perceptions, feelings and behaviors, it was considered important for the present study to include a theory of stress and treatment related to physical illness. At the center of attention are end stage individuals, not their organic problems but mainly their psychological state and that of their families. Reference is then made to the loss of loved one and the period of mourning. As regards the disease response, there is a difference between the immediate reaction to loss, what we call mourning, and the adaptation to a new way of life without the loved one. Finally, the role of therapeutic communication between patients and their families and mental health professionals, as well as the need to maintain psychological balance, is also described. Agathi Argyriadi | Alexandros Argyriadis ""Health Psychology: Psychological Adjustment to the Disease, Disability and Loss"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23200.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/psychology/23200/health-psychology-psychological-adjustment-to-the-disease-disability-and-loss/agathi-argyriadi
A critique of outcome research in psychotherapy, and a proposal that more weight should be put on the ability fo therapists and clients to continue in relationships for as long as therapy remains active and mutative
Abstract—Spiritual health is not given its due importance since long time. But nowadays modern medicine is seen in relation to spiritual health and studies were conducted to find out its effect in various diseases. So this study was conducted on elderly aimed to assess the spiritual health and its association with psycho wellness. For study purpose, 30 cluster technique to identify houses with elderly (≥60 years) in Municipal Corporation area of Jaipur City. After collecting general information Spiritual Health Assessment Scale (SHAS) was used to assess spiritual health and Modified Mini Screen (MMS) was used to assess psycho-wellness in elderly. Data were anlysed and inferred by Chi-square test and ANOVA with Post-hoc Tukey test. Majority of elderly were having poor spiritual health and this spiritual health was strongly associated with psycho-wellness in elderly. Poorer the spiritual health of elderly leads to poorer the psycho-wellness in elderly.
Depression among College and University Students of India and Lesotho.pdfAbraham Mutluri
This study was conducted in two countries i.e. India and Lesotho to understand the depression levels among the colleges’
students. As we know depression as a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects the feelings,
thinking and actions of humans. Depression is affecting many students at colleges and universities. It is observed in
the review of literature 30 per cent of the students are experienced depression during their education. The aim of the
present study is to know about the prevalence, major reasons, and major characteristics of depression among student
youth. It is a quantitative study adopted convenience sampling method and collected the data from 220 students. This
study adopted the Beck’s Depression Inventory scale to understand the depression among young students. This
study found that out of 220 students, 42.7% is normal while the remaining 57.3 % is having the other levels of
depression (Mild mood disturbance (16.2%), Borderline clinical depression (8.2%), Moderate depression (23.6%),
severe depression (6.4%) and Extreme depression (2.3%).) The study observed that the coping strength is getting from
religious activities (42.7%), positive re framing (21.4%), support from peers (20.0%). Others like humor (13.6%),
participating in sports (12.7%), and seeking emotional help are also helping the individuals to come out from their
depression and do their regular social functioning. The study suggested that the students should ventilate their
thoughts, fears with trusted people like family members, friends and teachers. The universities and the colleges should
conduct the yoga and meditation camps occasionally which provide the healthy and happy life.
Influential Determinants of Capacity Building to Cope With Stress among Unive...iosrjce
This study is a survey to find out the influential determinants of capacity building to cope with stress
among university students. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study while self-structured
modified questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. A total of nine hundred and five
(905) respondents participated in the study forming the sample size for the study. The statistical tools used for
the study includes; percentage counts, frequency, mean, regression analysis, spearman rank andMann-Whitney
U test. The statistical results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the predictors (age, sex, religion,
college, family financial status and academic performance) had 92% (adjR
2=.092, F(7,896)=14.02, P=.000,
P<0.05) joint contribution in the dependent variable (perceived ability to cope with stress). The linear
regression analysis showed that only age (β=-.112, p=.001), sex (β=.124, p=.000), religion (β=.084, p=.009),
college (β=-.088, p=.007) and academic performance (β=.249, p=.000) had significant relative contribution to
the dependent variable.The Mann-Whitney U results showed that there is significant difference in the perceived
ability to cope with stress between both male and female (H=84552, Z=-3.78, p=.000). The result of the
findings revealed that age, sex, religion, college of study, academic performance could significantly predict
perceived ability to cope with stress.And also showed that the way male and female perceived their abilities to
cope with stress differ
Stress An Undetachable Condition of LifeYogeshIJTSRD
Stressful life events affects human body, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and effect metabolism and immune system. Recent studies showed increase in stress levels in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the stress levels in MBBS students. The objectives of the study are a To determine the current stress level, b To assess relation between stress level and lifestyle of college students. The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State. A total of 400 medical students were included in the study, which were selected using multi stage sampling aged between 18 years to 25 years. Students were questioned regarding their socioeconomic and life style parameters. The results showed that physical activity such as walking, exercise, yoga, meditation etc. were associated to stress levels. College students showed high stress levels with more satisfaction were mostly smokers. Their major reason for eating junk food and smoking was, increase in stress. Conclusion Majority of students suffered from moderate stress levels. Despite of having stress they were happy and satisfied with life with less no internet addiction. Spirituality and stress scales had a positive correlation as most of the students were averagely highly spiritual. Discriminant function can be used to determine the stress level of a person using age, BMI, internet addiction, spirituality, happiness scale and life satisfaction scale of that person. Jayshree N. Tolani | Dr. Nitinkumar D. Shah "Stress: An Undetachable Condition of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45054.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45054/stress-an-undetachable-condition-of-life/jayshree-n-tolani
Dissertation - Somatic Experiencing Treatment for Reduction of Symptoms of De...Michael Changaris
This is the full version of dissertation presented for completion of doctorate. The study found some implications for reduction of symptoms of depression and anxiety in homeless adults. Limitations are number of sessions attended (1.33 average), population heterogeneity and small sample size.
Health Psychology Psychological Adjustment to the Disease, Disability and Lossijtsrd
This article discusses the psychological adjustment of adults to severe or incurable diseases or other loss. The stress that results from a diagnosis of illness or loss depends on many factors, such as the beliefs of each individual and the social context. Considering the diversity of human perceptions, feelings and behaviors, it was considered important for the present study to include a theory of stress and treatment related to physical illness. At the center of attention are end stage individuals, not their organic problems but mainly their psychological state and that of their families. Reference is then made to the loss of loved one and the period of mourning. As regards the disease response, there is a difference between the immediate reaction to loss, what we call mourning, and the adaptation to a new way of life without the loved one. Finally, the role of therapeutic communication between patients and their families and mental health professionals, as well as the need to maintain psychological balance, is also described. Agathi Argyriadi | Alexandros Argyriadis ""Health Psychology: Psychological Adjustment to the Disease, Disability and Loss"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23200.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/psychology/23200/health-psychology-psychological-adjustment-to-the-disease-disability-and-loss/agathi-argyriadi
A critique of outcome research in psychotherapy, and a proposal that more weight should be put on the ability fo therapists and clients to continue in relationships for as long as therapy remains active and mutative
Abstract—Spiritual health is not given its due importance since long time. But nowadays modern medicine is seen in relation to spiritual health and studies were conducted to find out its effect in various diseases. So this study was conducted on elderly aimed to assess the spiritual health and its association with psycho wellness. For study purpose, 30 cluster technique to identify houses with elderly (≥60 years) in Municipal Corporation area of Jaipur City. After collecting general information Spiritual Health Assessment Scale (SHAS) was used to assess spiritual health and Modified Mini Screen (MMS) was used to assess psycho-wellness in elderly. Data were anlysed and inferred by Chi-square test and ANOVA with Post-hoc Tukey test. Majority of elderly were having poor spiritual health and this spiritual health was strongly associated with psycho-wellness in elderly. Poorer the spiritual health of elderly leads to poorer the psycho-wellness in elderly.
Depression among College and University Students of India and Lesotho.pdfAbraham Mutluri
This study was conducted in two countries i.e. India and Lesotho to understand the depression levels among the colleges’
students. As we know depression as a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects the feelings,
thinking and actions of humans. Depression is affecting many students at colleges and universities. It is observed in
the review of literature 30 per cent of the students are experienced depression during their education. The aim of the
present study is to know about the prevalence, major reasons, and major characteristics of depression among student
youth. It is a quantitative study adopted convenience sampling method and collected the data from 220 students. This
study adopted the Beck’s Depression Inventory scale to understand the depression among young students. This
study found that out of 220 students, 42.7% is normal while the remaining 57.3 % is having the other levels of
depression (Mild mood disturbance (16.2%), Borderline clinical depression (8.2%), Moderate depression (23.6%),
severe depression (6.4%) and Extreme depression (2.3%).) The study observed that the coping strength is getting from
religious activities (42.7%), positive re framing (21.4%), support from peers (20.0%). Others like humor (13.6%),
participating in sports (12.7%), and seeking emotional help are also helping the individuals to come out from their
depression and do their regular social functioning. The study suggested that the students should ventilate their
thoughts, fears with trusted people like family members, friends and teachers. The universities and the colleges should
conduct the yoga and meditation camps occasionally which provide the healthy and happy life.
Influential Determinants of Capacity Building to Cope With Stress among Unive...iosrjce
This study is a survey to find out the influential determinants of capacity building to cope with stress
among university students. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study while self-structured
modified questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. A total of nine hundred and five
(905) respondents participated in the study forming the sample size for the study. The statistical tools used for
the study includes; percentage counts, frequency, mean, regression analysis, spearman rank andMann-Whitney
U test. The statistical results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the predictors (age, sex, religion,
college, family financial status and academic performance) had 92% (adjR
2=.092, F(7,896)=14.02, P=.000,
P<0.05) joint contribution in the dependent variable (perceived ability to cope with stress). The linear
regression analysis showed that only age (β=-.112, p=.001), sex (β=.124, p=.000), religion (β=.084, p=.009),
college (β=-.088, p=.007) and academic performance (β=.249, p=.000) had significant relative contribution to
the dependent variable.The Mann-Whitney U results showed that there is significant difference in the perceived
ability to cope with stress between both male and female (H=84552, Z=-3.78, p=.000). The result of the
findings revealed that age, sex, religion, college of study, academic performance could significantly predict
perceived ability to cope with stress.And also showed that the way male and female perceived their abilities to
cope with stress differ
Stress An Undetachable Condition of LifeYogeshIJTSRD
Stressful life events affects human body, which may lead to cardiovascular diseases and effect metabolism and immune system. Recent studies showed increase in stress levels in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the stress levels in MBBS students. The objectives of the study are a To determine the current stress level, b To assess relation between stress level and lifestyle of college students. The present study was carried out in Ahmedabad City of Gujarat State. A total of 400 medical students were included in the study, which were selected using multi stage sampling aged between 18 years to 25 years. Students were questioned regarding their socioeconomic and life style parameters. The results showed that physical activity such as walking, exercise, yoga, meditation etc. were associated to stress levels. College students showed high stress levels with more satisfaction were mostly smokers. Their major reason for eating junk food and smoking was, increase in stress. Conclusion Majority of students suffered from moderate stress levels. Despite of having stress they were happy and satisfied with life with less no internet addiction. Spirituality and stress scales had a positive correlation as most of the students were averagely highly spiritual. Discriminant function can be used to determine the stress level of a person using age, BMI, internet addiction, spirituality, happiness scale and life satisfaction scale of that person. Jayshree N. Tolani | Dr. Nitinkumar D. Shah "Stress: An Undetachable Condition of Life" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45054.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/45054/stress-an-undetachable-condition-of-life/jayshree-n-tolani
This study aimed to assess the nature of stress, and
coping styles among rural and urban adolescents. Methods: 200
students in 10+2 and graduation first year of both genders in the
age range of 16-19 years were assessed with the Adolescent Stress
Scale, and a self-report coping scale. Results: The Result of
present study reveals that in both environmental settings male
reported more stress than their counterparts girls, however, to
utilize coping strategies female adolescents are in higher in
number than male adolescents. Conclusions: It is important for
research to examine how adolescents suffering from typical
stressors such as school examination, family conflict and poor
peer relations. Social support is likely one of the most important
resources in their coping process.
This study aimed to assess the nature of stress, and
coping styles among rural and urban adolescents. Methods: 200
students in 10+2 and graduation first year of both genders in the
age range of 16-19 years were assessed with the Adolescent Stress
Scale, and a self-report coping scale. Results: The Result of
present study reveals that in both environmental settings male
reported more stress than their counterparts girls, however, to
utilize coping strategies female adolescents are in higher in
number than male adolescents. Conclusions: It is important for
research to examine how adolescents suffering from typical
stressors such as school examination, family conflict and poor
peer relations. Social support is likely one of the most important
resources in their coping process.
Assessment of Stress Levels among Undergraduates in Nigeria: Implication for ...iosrjce
This study assessed the stress levels among undergraduates in Nigeria, focusing on Babcock
University. Using multistage sampling, 605 students were selected from 5 out of the 6 schools in the University
to participate in the study. The factors examined included age, gender, religion and marital status of the
respondents. Also, the respondents were classed into different stress personality types using the previously
standardized Emotional Stress Inventory Questionnaire (ESIQ). Common stressors were also identified. The
majorities of the respondents (78%) were less than 20 years of age, female (54%), single (96%), belong to the
Yoruba ethnic group (56%) and are Christians (91%). Also, 60% of the respondents belong to personality type
A. Top ten stressors causing moderate to high stress among respondents were academic oriented. However, the
major stressor was the fear of graduating (with a mean of 3.02±1.11). Policies and programmes geared towards
enhancing effective stress coping strategies, especially targeting key stressors, should be put in place by
appropriate educational ministries and by the University administration. Furthermore, Corroborative
intervention education should be designed and administered to University students by public and mental health
experts in order to help student develop personal coping skills and reduce stress on our campuses.
Concept of Stress in General and Homoeopathy in Particularijtsrd
Life would be simple indeed if all of our needs were automatically satisfied. In reality, however many obstacles both personal and environmental, prevent this ideal situation. Such obstacles place adjustive demands on us and can lead to stress. The term Stress has typically been used to refer both to the adjustive demands placed on an organism and to the organism’s internal biological and psychological responses to such demands. In spite of numerous disagreements on the definition of Stress the term ”˜Stress’ has been used persistently and widely in specialties such as biology, health science, and social science. In recent years Stress is defined as a transactional or interactional concept. Transaction ally stress is viewed as the state of affairs arising when a person relates to situations in certain ways. People are not disturbed by situations but by the ways they appraise and react to situations. In stress a demand exceeds a person’s coping abilities resulting in reaction such as disturbances of cognition, emotion, and behavior. Homoeopathy is system of medicine based on the concept of individualization. We treat the person not the patient. An attempt has been made in this article to understand the concept of stress from homoepathic point of view. Dr. Jatin N. Dhagat | Dr. Dhwanika Dhagat "Concept of Stress in General and Homoeopathy in Particular" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50162.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/50162/concept-of-stress-in-general-and-homoeopathy-in-particular/dr-jatin-n-dhagat
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction The...ijtsrd
Background Adolescence is a stage of human development that occurs in between childhood and adulthood. Behavioural and emotional pattern experienced across adolescence can spiral into positive or negative outcome processes. Objectives To assess the pre test and post test level of stress and find out the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction therapy, and to associate the post test stress score with their selected demographic variables. Methods and materials A pre experimental design was chosen. Non probability purposive sampling technique used to select the sample of 90 school students. Perceived stress scale was used to assess the stress level. Results effectiveness of the study point was estimate of 18.57 and interval estimate was 16.40 to 20.72 . Mean difference with 95 CI. Discussion Dawn Bazarko et al 2013 explained that the mindfulness was decreased the stress level p 0.001 . This was supported to my study. So, mindfulness had significant to reduce stress level among the adolescent students. Conclusion Statistical significance was calculated by using chi square test and student independent t test. So, mindfulness based stress reduction therapy had significant impact on reducing stress among the adolescent students. Mindfulness therapy is safer and more effective intervention in all settings. Sunil Kumar Jaiswal | Ms. Sunita Singh | Mr. Mata Deen "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Therapy in Reducing Stress among the Adolescent Students in Selected Schools at Bhopal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52593.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/52593/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-mindfulness-based-stress-reduction-therapy-in-reducing-stress-among-the-adolescent-students-in-selected-schools-at-bhopal/sunil-kumar-jaiswal
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectPsychiatry ResearAlleneMcclendon878
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Psychiatry Research
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/psychres
Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology
during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for U.S. young adult
mental health
Cindy H. Liu (PhD)a,c,d,⁎, Emily Zhang (MA)a,c, Ga Tin Fifi Wong (BA)a,c, Sunah Hyun (PhD)a,c,
Hyeouk “Chris” Hahm (PhD)b,c
a Department of Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
b Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
c School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
d Harvard Medical School
A R T I C L E I N F O
Keywords:
Psychological stress, Loneliness
University health services
Social support
Ethnicity
COVID-19
Depression
Anxiety
PTSD
A B S T R A C T
This study sought to identify factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology in U.S.
young adults (18-30 years) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional online study assessed 898
participants from April 13, 2020 to May 19, 2020, approximately one month after the U.S. declared a state of
emergency due to COVID-19 and prior to the initial lifting of restrictions across 50 U.S. states. Respondents
reported high levels of depression (43.3%, PHQ-8 scores ≥ 10), high anxiety scores (45.4%, GAD-7 scores ≥
10), and high levels of PTSD symptoms (31.8%, PCL-C scores ≥ 45). High levels of loneliness, high levels of
COVID-19-specific worry, and low distress tolerance were significantly associated with clinical levels of de-
pression, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. Resilience was associated with low levels of depression and anxiety
symptoms but not PTSD. Most respondents had high levels of social support; social support from family, but not
from partner or peers, was associated with low levels of depression and PTSD. Compared to Whites, Asian
Americans were less likely to report high levels across mental health symptoms, and Hispanic/Latinos were less
likely to report high levels of anxiety. These factors provide initial guidance regarding the clinical management
for COVID-19-related mental health problems.
1. Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic that has upended the lives of individuals
worldwide escalated in the U.S. beginning in March of 2020. Although
research on acute and widescale stressors (e.g., natural disasters), de-
monstrates severe implications for mental health (Kessler et al., 2008),
there is no precedent for understanding the mental health effects due to
COVID-19, as prospective studies investigating the effects of a pan-
demic are virtually non-existent. In particular, the identification of risk
factors associated with depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) among U.S. young adults (18-30 years) during the
pandemic is urgently needed. Comprising more than one-third of the
current U.S. workforce, young adults (often referred to as “Millennials”
and “Generation Z”) will be a dominant workforce grou ...
Hadi Alnasir
Research Proposal
Independent variable 1: Sex
Independent variable 2: anxiety
Dependent variable: Stress
Question #1
My first independent variable (sex) and my dependent variable (stress) are related. Men and
women tend to experience stress differently. Similarly, men and women react differently to
stress.
I expect women to score higher than men on the dependent variable. Women suffer more stress
compared to men. A 2010 study discovered that women are more likely to experience an
increase in stress levels as compared to men. Women are also more likely to report emotional
and physical symptoms of stress compared to men (APA, 2012). The stress gap between men
and women is because their stress response is different. Women have a different hormonal
system that usually causes them to react more emotionally and become more fatigued.
Similarly, women are exposed to more stress-related factors since they assume several roles in
their daily life.
Question #2
My second independent variable (anxiety) is related to my dependent variable (stress). Anxiety
and stress can both cause severe physical and mental health issues, such as depression, muscle
tension, substance abuse, personality disorders, and insomia (Powell & Enright, 2015). Both are
emotions and normal responses that can become disruptive and overwhelming to day-to-day
life. They can interfere with important aspects of life, such as work, relationships,
responsibilities, and school.
An increase in anxiety can increase stress levels. Research indicates that excessive anxiety can
lead to stress-related symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, insomnia, irritability, muscle
tension, and fatigue. Individuals can manage their anxiety and stress with relaxation techniques.
This includes breathing exercises, yoga, physical activity, art therapy, meditation, and massage.
References
APA. (2012). 2010 Stress in America: Gender and Stress. Retrieved from:
https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2010/gender-stress
Powell, T., & Enright, S. (2015). Anxiety and stress management. Routledge.
Running Head: GENDER AND STRESS AS PREDICTORS OF DEPRESSION
Gender and Stress as Predictors of Depression
Zae’Cari Nelson
California Baptist University
Gender and Stress as Predictors of Depression 1
Gender and Stress as Predictors of Depression
More than 17 million adults in the United States experience the ill effects of depression,
making it perhaps the most well-known mental illness in the U.S.A. Depression influences an
expected one out of 15 adults. What's more, one out of six individuals will encounter depression
in their life (What is Depression?). There are a mind-boggling number of elements that can
prompt depressive symptoms in male and female individuals, one of which is held to be a rise in
stress hormone disturban ...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks