A computer network connects devices together through communication channels to allow sharing of resources and information. Communication protocols define the rules for exchanging information over the network. There are two main types of computer networks - local area networks (LANs) which connect devices in a small geographic area like a home or office, and wide area networks (WANs) which connect LANs over larger areas using technologies like cables, wireless, or satellites. Network devices like switches, routers, and bridges help direct traffic between network segments. Security measures are important to control authorized access to the network and resources.
What is a network?
Need for networking
Components of Network
Types of Network
Evolution of Networking
Communication media
Data Communication Terminologies
Switching Techniques
Digital and Analog Transmission
Network Topology
Network Devices
Communication Protocols
Wireless/Mobile Computing
What is a network?
Need for networking
Components of Network
Types of Network
Evolution of Networking
Communication media
Data Communication Terminologies
Switching Techniques
Digital and Analog Transmission
Network Topology
Network Devices
Communication Protocols
Wireless/Mobile Computing
To Download this PPT click on the link below:-
http://www29.zippyshare.com/v/14569917/file.html
Networking
Computer network
Types of network
Personal Area Networks (PANs)
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Classification of Network Architecture
Client-server architecture
Peer-to-peer architecture
Hybrid architecture
Network topology
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Tree Topology
Hybrid Topology
To Download this PPT click on the link below:-
http://www29.zippyshare.com/v/14569917/file.html
Networking
Computer network
Types of network
Personal Area Networks (PANs)
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
Classification of Network Architecture
Client-server architecture
Peer-to-peer architecture
Hybrid architecture
Network topology
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Tree Topology
Hybrid Topology
Computer networks and its components by narender singh sandhuNarenderSinghSandhu2
A computer network is a group of computers that are connected to each other for the purpose of communication. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics. This article provides a general overview of types and categories and also presents the basic components of a network.
Academic course on Computer Network Chapter -1 for BCA, Tribhuwan University
** Applicable for other courses as well
Includes the Basic of Computer Network, Topologies, Types of Network
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
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Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
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The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
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After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...
A computer network
1. A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computers and other hardware
interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information.[1] Where at
least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one system. A network is a
group of devices connected to each other.
Communication protocols define the rules and data formats for exchanging information in a computer
network, and provide the basis for network programming.
Properties
Computer networks:
Facilitate communications
Using a network, people can communicate efficiently via email, chat rooms, telephone,
video calls, and video conferencing.
sharing of files, data, and other types of information
In a network, authorized users may access data and information stored on other
computers on the network..
Share network and computing resources
In a networked environment, each computer on a network may access and use resources
provided by devices on the network, such as printing a document on a shared network
printer.
May be insecure
A computer network may be used by computer hackers to deploy computer viruses or
computer worms on devices connected to the network, or to prevent these devices from
normally accessing the network (denial of service).
May be difficult to set up
A complex computer network may be difficult to set up. It may also be very costly to set
up an effective computer network in a large organization or company.
Wired technologies
Twisted pair wire is the most widely used medium for telecommunication. Twisted-pair cabling
consist of copper wires that are twisted into pairs. Ordinary telephone wires consist of two
insulated copper wires twisted into pairs. Computer networking cabling (wired Ethernet as
defined by IEEE 802.3) consists of 4 pairs of copper cabling that can be utilized for both voice
and data transmission. The use of two wires twisted together helps to reduce crosstalk and
electromagnetic induction. The transmission speed ranges from 2 million bits per second to 10
billion bits per second. Twisted pair cabling comes in two forms: unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
and shielded twisted-pair (STP). Each form comes in several category ratings, designed for use in
various scenarios.
Coaxial cable is widely used for cable television systems, office buildings, and other work-sites
for local area networks. The cables consist of copper or aluminum wire surrounded by an
insulating layer (typically a flexible material with a high dielectric constant), which itself is
2. surrounded by a conductive layer. The insulation helps minimize interference and distortion.
Transmission speed ranges from 200 million bits per second to more than 500 million bits per
second..
An optical fiber is a glass fiber. It uses pulses of light to transmit data. Some advantages of
optical fibers over metal wires are less transmission loss, immunity from electromagnetic
radiation, and very fast transmission speed, up to trillions of bits per second. One can use
different colors of lights to increase the number of messages being sent over a fiber optic cable.
Wireless technologies
Terrestrial microwave – Terrestrial microwave communication uses Earth-based transmitters
and receivers resembling satellite dishes. Terrestrial microwaves are in the low-gigahertz range,
which limits all communications to line-of-sight. Relay stations are spaced approximately 48 km
(30 mi) apart.
Communications satellites – The satellites communicate via microwave radio waves, which are
not deflected by the Earth's atmosphere. The satellites are stationed in space, typically in
geosynchronous orbit 35,400 km (22,000 mi) above the equator. These Earth-orbiting systems
are capable of receiving and relaying voice, data, and TV signals.
Cellular and PCS systems use several radio communications technologies. The systems divide the
region covered into multiple geographic areas. Each area has a low-power transmitter or radio
relay antenna device to relay calls from one area to the next area.
Local area network
A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited
geographical area such as home, school, computer laboratory, office building, or closely
positioned group of buildings. Each computer or device on the network is a node. Current wired
LANs are most likely to be based on Ethernet technology,
LAN technologies operate at data transfer rates up to 10 Gbit/s. IEEE has projects investigating the
standardization of 40 and 100 Gbit/s.[10] LANs can be connected to Wide area network by using routers.
Wide area network
A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a large geographic area such as a
city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances, using a communications channel that
combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and air waves. A WAN often
uses transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone companies. WAN
technologies generally function at the lower three layers of the OSI reference model: the physical
layer, the data link layer, and the network layer.
3. Internetwork
An internetwork is the connection of multiple computer networks via a common routing
technology using routers. The Internet is an aggregation of many connected internetworks
spanning the Earth.
REPEATERS AND HUBS
A repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal, cleans it of unnecessary noise,
regenerates it, and retransmits it at a higher power level, or to the other side of an obstruction, so
that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation. In most twisted pair Ethernet
configurations, repeaters are required for cable that runs longer than 100 meters. A repeater with
multiple ports is known as a hub. Repeaters work on the physical layer of the OSI model.
Repeaters require a small amount of time to regenerate the signal. This can cause a propagation
delay which can affect network communication when there are several repeaters in a row. Many
network architectures limit the number of repeaters that can be used in a row (e.g. Ethernet's 5-43 rule).
Today, repeaters and hubs have been made mostly obsolete by switches (see below).
Bridges
A network bridge connects multiple network segments at the data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI
model. Bridges broadcast to all ports except the port on which the broadcast was received.
However, bridges do not promiscuously copy traffic to all ports, as hubs do, but learn which
MAC addresses are reachable through specific ports. Once the bridge associates a port and an
address, it will send traffic for that address to that port only.
Bridges learn the association of ports and addresses by examining the source address of frames
that it sees on various ports. Once a frame arrives through a port, its source address is stored and
the bridge assumes that MAC address is associated with that port. The first time that a previously
unknown destination address is seen, the bridge will forward the frame to all ports other than the
one on which the frame arrived.
Bridges come in three basic types:
Local bridges: Directly connect LANs
Remote bridges: Can be used to create a wide area network (WAN) link between LANs. Remote
bridges, where the connecting link is slower than the end networks, largely have been replaced
with routers.
Wireless bridges: Can be used to join LANs or connect remote stations to LANs.
4. Switches
A network switch is a device that forwards and filters OSI layer 2 datagrams between ports based
on the MAC addresses in the packets.[12] A switch is distinct from a hub in that it only forwards
the frames to the ports involved in the communication rather than all ports connected. A switch
breaks the collision domain but represents itself as a broadcast domain. Switches make
forwarding decisions of frames on the basis of MAC addresses. A switch normally has numerous
ports, facilitating a star topology for devices, and cascading additional switches. Some switches
are capable of routing based on layer 3 addressing or additional logical levels; these are called
multi-layer switches. The term switch is used loosely in marketing to encompass devices
including routers and bridges, as well as devices that may distribute traffic on load or by
application content (e.g., a Web URL identifier).
Routers
A router is an internetworking device that forwards packets between networks by processing
information found in the datagram or packet (Internet protocol information from layer 3). In
many situations, this information is processed in conjunction with the routing table (also known
as forwarding table). Routers use routing tables to determine what interface to forward packets
(this can include the "null" also known as the "black hole" interface because data can go into it,
however, no further processing is done for said data).
Network security
Main article: network security
In the field of networking, the area of network security[16] consists of the provisions and policies
adopted by the network administrator to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse,
modification, or denial of the computer network and network-accessible resources. Network
security is the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network
administrator. Users are assigned an ID and password that allows them access to information and
programs within their authority. Network Security covers a variety of computer networks, both
public and private that are used in everyday jobs conducting transactions and communications
among businesses, government agencies and individuals.