The document discusses how to make the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) framework compatible with Agile development methods. It emphasizes that CMMI is a model, not a standard or prescription, and should be viewed as a description for process improvement rather than compliance. The key points made include understanding what institutionalization in CMMI means, designing reality-based process descriptions and life cycles, focusing on non-sequential process flows and non-prescriptive management, and emphasizing customer outcomes over process details. Simplifying the CMMI appraisal process and focusing on risk avoidance rather than following specific practices are also recommended.
Global Interconnection Group Joint Venture[960] (1).pdf
Ā
Keys to Making CMMI and Agile Compatible
1. ElbitElbit SystemsSystems
Keys to Making Agile & CMMIKeys to Making Agile & CMMI
CompatibleCompatiblepp
22 Jan 2009 1Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2. The KeysThe Keys
1. Understand that CMMI is not a standard,
development life cycle or something that can bedevelopment life cycle or something that can be
complied with.
2. Understand that CMMI is a model and how models
are used.
3. Understand what Institutionalization
(A lt ti ) i i CMMI(Acculturation) is in CMMI.
4 U d t d h t i lif th i l4. Understand how to simplify the appraisal.
22 Jan 2009 2Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3. TopicsTopics
What CMMI is and isnāt.
What CMMI really is.
How to get yourself Institutionalized.
Making CMMI Agile.
22 Jan 2009 3Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
4. What theWhat theWhat theWhat the
CMMICMMI
is and isnātis and isnātis and isnātis and isnāt
Definitions and MisconceptionsDefinitions and Misconceptions
22 Jan 2009 4Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
5. CMMI is a FRAMEWORKCMMI is a FRAMEWORK
Not a standard
Not a prescription
IS a description
CANNOT be cookie cutter (and still work well)
Does not require purchase of software or toolsDoes not require purchase of software or tools
Meant for process improvementMeant for process improvement,
not process compliance.
22 Jan 2009 5Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
6. Prescription vs.Prescription vs.
DescriptionDescription
Prescription:
āTake twice daily before
Description:
See a doctor when youy
meals.ā
Eat < 1800 Kcal/day
Exercise 500 Kcal/day
y
donāt like how you feel,
youāre not sure whatās
wrong and you donāt knowExercise 500 Kcal/day
Sleep > 8 hr/night
Donāt Smoke
D āt D i k t h
what else to do.
Take good care of yourself.
Eat right.
Donāt Drink too much
Donāt eat refined carbs
Donāt take life or yourself
g
Get exercise.
Get enough sleep.
Donāt abuse your bodytoo seriously. Don t abuse your body.
Reduce stress in your life.
22 Jan 2009 6Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
7. Improvement vs.Improvement vs.
ComplianceCompliance
Process Compliance =
Do the process this way.
Process Improvement =
h h ll k d ffDo things that will make a difference to your
company.
22 Jan 2009 7Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
8. It Is What It Isā¦It Is What It Isā¦
CMMI is:
A model
for creating business process improvement
systemssystems
for management ofg
development processes.
22 Jan 2009 8Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
9. Itās Not What Itās Notā¦Itās Not What Itās Notā¦
CMMI is NOT:
A life cycle
for developing products
or standards for
development processes.
22 Jan 2009 9Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
10. How we use ModelsHow we use Models
22 Jan 2009 10Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
11. Model Practices vs.Model Practices vs.
Your PracticesYour Practices
22 Jan 2009 11Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
13. Whatās āRequiredā?Whatās āRequiredā?
Goals are REQUIRED
Practices are expected not requiredPractices are expected not required
Youāve āgotā to be doing āsomethingā to be achieving a
goal.g
If you donāt already have good ideas for how to
achieve a goal, the practices are a good place to start.
Everything else is ācommentaryā
Which can be helpful if the goals or practices arenāt
self-explanatoryself-explanatory.
Donāt assume you and CMMI use terms the same
way.y
22 Jan 2009 13Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
14. Process Areas (PAs)Process Areas (PAs)
The Process Areas in CMMI describe how to improve
activities which take place in the PA:activities which take place in the PA:
Wherever
Whenever
However
they may occur in a given organization.
Each PA describes:
One set of goals and practices that make up the processg p p p
area: Specific Goals and Specific Practices
And one set of practices that are shared across all
process areas: Generic Goals and Generic Practicesprocess areas: Generic Goals and Generic Practices
22 Jan 2009 14Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
15. PAs are NOT Processes!PAs are NOT Processes!
Process Areas ARE NOT:
Processes or Process DescriptionsProcesses or Process Descriptions
Procedures
StandardsStandards
Forms or Formats
Collectively Exhaustive
Mutually Exclusive
The ālastā word.
What you need to be doingā¦
th ā h t t d t i h t ā d iā¦theyāre what to do to improve what youāre doing.
22 Jan 2009 15Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
16. Specific Practices (SP)Specific Practices (SP)
What organizations are āexpectedā to actually do
in order to achieve a Goal is describedin order to achieve a Goal is described
in some number of Specific Practices.
Goals have several practices.
The straightest line to achieving a goal is to perform
the practices.
The āstraightest lineā may be a matter of perspective.
D t ti i i ht fDo not assume every practice is right for you.
22 Jan 2009 16Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
17. the CMMI waythe CMMI waythe CMMI waythe CMMI way
to getto get
InstitutionalizedInstitutionalizedInstitutionalizedInstitutionalized
Not what you think,Not what you think,
butbut
Not as ha d as hat o think eitheNot as ha d as hat o think eitheNot as hard as what you think either.Not as hard as what you think either.
22 Jan 2009 17Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
18. What isWhat is
Institutionalization?Institutionalization?
Letās talk about products and projects for a moment.
Imagine youāre the PM/PLImagine you re the PM/PL.
What would be expected of you to manage the
product/project?product/project?
ā¦
ā¦
ā¦
ā¦
ā¦
ād jTreat your processes as youād treat projects.
22 Jan 2009 18Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
19. SettingSetting--up anup an
Agile CMMIAgile CMMIAgile CMMIAgile CMMI
RealityReality--Based, Scalable, Agile,Based, Scalable, Agile,
Adaptive, Responsiveā¦Adaptive, Responsiveā¦p , pp , p
22 Jan 2009 19Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
20. OptimizationOptimization
O i i d O i i d
Extreme Extreme
Optimized Optimized
Core
CMMI
P i i l
Core
Agile
Principles
Core
Agile
P i i l PrinciplesPrinciplesPrinciples
22 Jan 2009 20Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
21. Simplifying the AppraisalSimplifying the Appraisal
Appraisals require 3 forms of objective evidence per
practice per instance (project):practice per instance (project):
1 Direct
+ Either
1 Indirect or
1 Affirmation
āObjective Evidenceā ā Documentation!
āProof-in-puddingā is GOOD!
22 Jan 2009 21Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
22. More AppraisalMore Appraisal
SimplificationSimplification
SCAMPI training is misleading.
Assumes a specific instantiation of required practicesAssumes a specific instantiation of required practices.
Discourages collaboration.
Major on-site activities:
Artifact review.
Affirmations.
Findings Validation.
Can be done simultaneously and collaboratively.
22 Jan 2009 22Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
23. Assumptions & ApproachAssumptions & Approach
Youāre already successful.
Your people know how to deliver working productsYour people know how to deliver working products.
Youāre doing *something* right!
Each CMMI practice seeks to avoid some risk.Each CMMI practice seeks to avoid some risk.
Successful companies know how to avoid those
risks.
If we seek what your people are doing to avoid the
same risks, we can map what theyāre doing to CMMI.
Identify your working practicesIdentify your working practices.
If there are gaps, you probably could use the
improvement.p o e e t
22 Jan 2009 23Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
24. Insteadā¦Insteadā¦
Process SolutioneeringTM
Cascading Life Cyclesā¢
Patent Pending
Expectation/BizDev/Corporate Life CycleExpectation/BizDev/Corporate Life Cycle
Engagement/Management/Technical
Life Cycle
(menu)
Engagement/Management/Technical
Life Cycle
(menu)
CMMI
Process Areas
CMMI
Process Areas
Daily
Management
Daily
Management
22 Jan 2009 24Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
25. Key FeatureKey Feature
Process definition/description documents define
where in YOUR reality practices take placewhere in YOUR reality practices take place.
Expectation/BizDev/Corporate Life Cycle
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
Expectation/BizDev/Corporate Life Cycle
Engagement/Management/Technical
Life Cycle
(menu)
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
Engagement/Management/Technical
Life Cycle
(menu)
Particular
Process
CMMI
Process Areas
CMMI
Process Areas
Daily
Management
The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.
Daily
Management
Area
Process
Descriptions
22 Jan 2009 25Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
26. Use a Quality ManualUse a Quality Manual
Explains how on each project,
all company Processes:
are planned-out and tailoredare planned out and tailored
from a single set of company
processes
are assigned as someoneās
responsibility
are provided resources to be
done
are assured of having people
trained in them
h h i k d
Quality
Manual
have their work products
configuration controlled
involve relevant stakeholders
are monitored & controlled
bj ti l l t dare objectively evaluated
against applicable standards,
have performance reviewed
with higher management, and
incorporate lessons learnedincorporate lessons learned
for improvement
22 Jan 2009 26Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
27. Summary 2Summary 2
Requirements
CMMI Happens Here:
Requirements
Management
Project
Planning
Templates
Planning
Project Monitoring
& Control Engineering
Measurement
& Analysis
Engineering
Life Cycle
Process & Product
Quality Assurance
Backlogs &
Peer Reviews
22 Jan 2009 27Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Configuration
Management
Peer Reviews
28. Whatās Not HereWhatās Not Here
Templates
Engineering
Particular
Process
Area
Engineering
Life Cycle
Process
Descriptions
Backlogs &
Peer Reviews
22 Jan 2009 28Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Peer Reviews
29. At the AppraisalAt the Appraisal
Templates
E i i
Process
Implementation
I di tEngineering
Life Cycle
Indicator
Descriptions
come from here:
Backlogs &
Peer Reviews
22 Jan 2009 29Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Peer Reviews
30. Is itIs it thatthat easy?easy?
Less Disruption and More Productivity Requires:
More up-front process design.More up front process design.
Deep understanding of Company Context:
Technology
P ocesses/P acticesProcesses/Practices
Culture
Project types and style
C tCustomers
Deep understanding of CMMI.
Deep understanding of SCAMPI process.p g p
More work by the appraiser.
Lasting results and real ROI require
real investment and real discipline.
22 Jan 2009 30Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
31. Agile + CMMIAgile + CMMI
CMMI withCMMI with AgileAgile
Keys to Making CMMIKeys to Making CMMI AgileAgiley gy g gg
22 Jan 2009 31Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
32. Supposeā¦Supposeā¦
CMMI was about process management,
not development processesnot development processes.
Agile could account for non-development activities.g e cou d accou t o o de e op e t act t es
Everything that takes time.
CMMI practices avoid risks everyone wants to avoid.
Agile practices work towards project success and
client delight.
22 Jan 2009 32Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
33. Agile Ideals?Agile Ideals?
Empowered development teams.
Account for everything that takes time.
Manage the processes, not the people.Manage the processes, not the people.
Bureaucracy doesnāt work:
Are they incompetent?
Do they lack discipline?
Does Agile work w/either?
Go Native! Speak the local language.p g g
22 Jan 2009 33Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
34. Keys to MakingKeys to Making
CMMI āAgileāCMMI āAgileā
Reality-Based Process Descriptions and Life Cycles
Process Solutions not Process Compliance
Non-Sequential Process FlowsNon Sequential Process Flows
Non-Prescriptive Process Management
Getting āthe right people on the bus.ā*
Use ārisk-avoidance-speakā not āmodel-speakāp p
Focus on Customer/Productivity/Profit/ROI
(NOT !)(NOT process!)
22 Jan 2009 34Ā®2009 Entinex, Inc. ***PROPRIETARY*** ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
*Jim Collins, Good to Great