The document discusses the history and key aspects of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) through different theoretical frameworks: structural, cognitive, and sociocognitive. - The structural framework views language learning as habit formation through repetition and feedback from computers. Computers provide drills and tutorials. - The cognitive framework sees language learning as developing understanding through innate cognitive processes operating on input. Computers provide analytic and inferential tasks. - The sociocognitive framework views language as learned through social interaction. Computers provide contexts for interaction and access to discourse communities.

1. Table 1. Different aspects of CALL in structural, cognitive, and sociocognitive
framework
Theoretical
Framework
Structure Cognitive Sociocognitive
History of
computer
development?
Mainframes Personal
computer
Network
computers
How language is
understood
development?
Through
transmission from
computer users.
Internationalization
of structures and
habits through
repetition and
corrective
feedback.
Through the
operation of
innate
cognitive
heuristics on
language input.
Through social
interaction and
assimilation of
others’ speech.
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2. What is role of
computers?
To provide
grammar and
vocabulary
tutorials,
drills,practices,and
immediate
feedback
To provide
language input
and analytic
and inferential
tasks; learners
use their
existing
knowledge to
develop new
understanding
To provide
alternative
contexts for
social
interaction; to
facilitate access
to existing
discourse
communities
and the creation
of new ones.
Crook’s
Metaphor of
CALL
Tutorial metaphor
(computer-as tutor)
Construction
metaphor
(computer-as-
pupil)
Toolbox
metaphor
(computer-as-
tool)
Web1.0 vs. Web 2.0
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3. O'Reilly addresses that the concept of "Web 2.0" began with a conference
brainstorming session. O’Reilly (2005) pointed out the companies which had survived
the collapse. it seemed to have some things in common. We can say some kind of key
point for the web such as "Web 2.0"
The term "Web 2.0" has been developments. There is more than 9.5 million
information in Google. But there's still the amount of disagreement about just what Web
2.0 means, some people questions it? , How 2.0 can be running in our society, and how
people are accepting it as the new conventional culture.
In O’Reilly (2005) initial thought. He formulated his sense of Web 2.0 by example:
Web 1.0 Web 2.0
DoubleClick --> Google AdSense
Ofoto --> Flickr
Akamai --> BitTorrent
mp3.com --> Napster
Britannica Online --> Wikipedia
personal websites --> blogging
evite --> upcoming.org and EVDB
domain name speculation --> search engine optimization
page views --> cost per click
screen scraping --> web services
publishing --> participation
content management systems --> wikis
directories (taxonomy) --> tagging ("folksonomy")
stickiness --> syndication
LinkedIn survey for teachers.
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4. WELCOME!
. We would like you to be part of this survey. This survey aims to look at LinkedIn across the
social networking, your response is important to us.
INSTRUCTIONS
This short survey will take about 10 minutes to complete. It asks questions about your use of
LinkedIn.
Please rate your level of agreement with the statements in this Question using the following scale.
SA – Strongly Agree A – Agree N – Neutral D – Disagree SD – Strongly Disagree NA – Not
Applicable
8. Please rate the following aspects of your LinkedIn experience. SA A N D SD NA
a. The LinkedIn resources I access are of high quality.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
b. The LinkedIn resources I access have enhanced my teaching.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
c. The use of LinkedIn has improved my teaching practices.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
d. The use of LinkedIn has enabled me to facilitate a more
personalized approach to learning for my students.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
e. The use of LinkedIn has increased my students’ access to
learning resources.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
f. The use of LinkedIn has made learning more interesting for my
students.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
g. I encourage greater interaction between my students through the
use of LinkedIn.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
h. The use of LinkedIn has improved learning outcomes for my
students.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
Teachers Interview questions
1. How much you expect your students want in their course? Please
explain your answer in terms of the benefits or disadvantages of
LinkedIn.
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5. 2. Are you aware of eLearning solutions by LinkedIn?
3. Does your organization have a strategy to provide teachers/trainers with the skills
needed to use LinkedIn to deliver reading comprehensive
4. After teaching training, do you think LinkedIn can enhance reading comprehensive
via educators collaborate
5. Is LinkedIn a useful one-stop resource that includes information I might need for my
student (such as handbooks, past papers, reading lists, information about teaching
staff)
LinkedIn survey for Students.
WELCOME!
. We would like you to be part of this survey. This survey aims to look at Lnkedin across the
social networking, your response is important to us.
INSTRUCTIONS
This short survey will take about 10 minutes to complete. It asks questions about your use of
LinkedIn.
Please rate your level of agreement with the statements in this Question using the following scale.
SA – Strongly Agree A – Agree N – Neutral D – Disagree SD – Strongly Disagree NA – Not
Applicable
1 Please rate the following aspects of your LinkedIn experience. SA A N D SD NA
a. The LinkedIn enables me to enhance my reading
comprehensive
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
b. I sometimes have technical difficulties accessing the
LinkedIn
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
c.
d. The LinkedIn facilitates group wok
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
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6. e. Using the LinkedIn has enhanced the knowledge and
understanding I gain from classroom, tutorials and
practical.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
e The LinkedIn allows me to provide feedback to my classmates
and tutors.
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
g. Assessments and tests posted on the LinkedIn are a
useful way of checking that I understand course
material
☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐
☐
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7. Example of reading story 1
Social Networks
Do the names MySpace, Facebook, Orkut, etc. ring a bell? They probably do because they are
some of the most popular sites on the internet today. These sites are all called 'social
networking' sites because they help people meet and discuss things online. Each of these
social networking sites has its own strengths: MySpace is especially popular among teenagers,
Facebook is popular with college age people, Orkut is especially loved in Brazil, and CyWorld is
the site to visit in South Korea. The common thread between all of these social networks is
that they provide a place for people to interact, rather than a place to go to read or listen to
'content'.
Web 2.0
Social networks are considered to be web 2.0. What does this mean? To understand this, it's
important to understand what the original web did (often called web 1.0). Back in the nineties,
the internet - or web - was a place to go to read articles, listen to music, get information, etc.
Most people didn't contribute to the sites. They just 'browsed' the sites and took advantage of
the information or resources provided. Of course, some people did create their own sites.
However, creating a site was difficult. You needed to know basic HTML coding (the original
language the internet uses to 'code' pages). It certainly wasn't something most people wanted
to do as it could take hours to get a basic page just right. Things began to get easier when
blogs (from web log) were introduced. With blogs, many more people began writing 'posts', as
well as commenting on other people's blogs.
MySpace Surprises Everybody
In 2003 a site named MySpace took the internet by storm. It was trying to mimic the most
popular features of Friendster, the first social networking site. It quickly became popular
among young users and the rest was history. Soon everyone was trying to develop a social
networking site. The sites didn't provide 'content' to people, they helped people create,
communicate and share what they loved including music, images and videos. They key to the
success of these sites is that they provide a platform on which users create the content. This is
very different from the beginning of the internet which focused on providing 'content' for
people to enjoy.
Key to Success
Relying on users to create content is the key to the success of web 2.0 companies. Besides the
social networking sites discussed here, other huge success stories include: Wikipedia,
Digg.com and the latest success - Twitter. All of these companies rely on the desire of users to
communicate with each other, thereby creating the 'content' that others want to consume.
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8. Key Vocabulary
social network
to ring a bell
site
strength - weakness
common thread
to interact
content
nineties
internet - web
to contribute
to browse a site
to create
code / coding
blog - web log
post
to comment on
to take by storm
to mimic
the rest was history
platform
to consume
Which social networking site was not mentioned in the reading?
MySpace
LinkedIn
Facebook
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9. What is Facebook?
A blog
A content site
A social networking site
Where is Orkut especially popular?
In Japan
In South Korea
In Brazil
Which phrase best describes what people do at social networking sites?
They interact with other people.
They browse articles and other content.
They code pages in HTML
Social networks are considered:
Web 1.0 sites
Web 2.0 sites
Web blogs
What was the original web mainly used for?
Interacting with other people
Browsing content
Creating pages in HTML
Why didn't many people create web pages in the beginning?
They didn't like communicating with others.
They didn't feel comfortable coding HTML pages.
They didn't know they could create web pages.
Which is the best description of web 2.0 sites?
They are content driven sites.
They are platforms for interaction.
They are like blogs, but better.
What do web 2.0 sites rely on?
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10. Articles written by professional journalists
Users creating content
Fast internet connections
What is most important for these new sites?
Users' desire to communicate with each other
Users' desire to read interesting content written by professionals
Users' desire to learn coding
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