This document describes a variable speed gearbox that provides multiple forward and reverse speeds. It consists of juxtaposed gear units, each with two fixed ratio gear couples that can be selectively engaged to provide two speed stages. The gear couples have elements mounted on a common driving shaft and driven shaft. Clutches allow the elements to be selectively coupled to the shafts for unitary rotation. The gearbox arrangement allows for continuous shifting between gear ratios without delays between stages. It also allows for a compact transverse size suitable for agricultural tractors.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 over the operating cycle to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack member or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes patent GB784755 (A) for improvements in pressure operated switches. Specifically, it relates to switches where a switch mechanism is actuated by changes in pressure differential across a spring-loaded diaphragm. The switches are used in systems that control air or gas flow through a conduit. The invention provides novel or improved means for varying the degree of spring loading on the diaphragm to alter the pressure differential needed to actuate the switch.
This three sentence summary provides the high level information from the document:
The document describes a powershift transmission with three forward speeds and reverse. It includes a torque converter for fine speed control in two ranges, a direct drive in a higher range, and a reversing mechanism using a duplex planetary gear set. The transmission uses fluid clutches and a single countershaft to provide the various speed ranges and forward/reverse while keeping both main shafts rotating in the same direction.
This document describes a patent application for improvements relating to means for securing knobs or the like to shafts or the like. Specifically, it is a patent application filed by Tinnerman Products, Inc. for a way to securely attach knobs, handles, or other components to shafts using fastening means. The application provides background on the invention and states that it aims to improve upon existing means for securely fastening knobs and other components to shafts.
This document provides details of a bearing quality testing machine that tests roller thrust bearings for manufacturing inaccuracies. It includes diagrams of the machine and descriptions of its components. The machine applies a gradually increasing axial thrust to the bearing while it rotates to test the percentage of surface contact between its rollers and races under load. It measures the resulting torque on the driving motor to determine if the bearing meets quality standards.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 over the operating cycle to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack member or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes an inertia starter for internal combustion engines. The starter uses a gear mechanism with a variable gear ratio to transfer momentum from a flywheel to the engine. The gear ratio starts high, above 10:1, and decreases to below 1:10 during operation to smoothly engage the engine. The gear mechanism can have different configurations, including parallel pinions engaged by a rack or eccentric arms linked by a connecting rod, to achieve the varying gear ratio.
This document describes patent GB784755 (A) for improvements in pressure operated switches. Specifically, it relates to switches where a switch mechanism is actuated by changes in pressure differential across a spring-loaded diaphragm. The switches are used in systems that control air or gas flow through a conduit. The invention provides novel or improved means for varying the degree of spring loading on the diaphragm to alter the pressure differential needed to actuate the switch.
This three sentence summary provides the high level information from the document:
The document describes a powershift transmission with three forward speeds and reverse. It includes a torque converter for fine speed control in two ranges, a direct drive in a higher range, and a reversing mechanism using a duplex planetary gear set. The transmission uses fluid clutches and a single countershaft to provide the various speed ranges and forward/reverse while keeping both main shafts rotating in the same direction.
This document describes a patent application for improvements relating to means for securing knobs or the like to shafts or the like. Specifically, it is a patent application filed by Tinnerman Products, Inc. for a way to securely attach knobs, handles, or other components to shafts using fastening means. The application provides background on the invention and states that it aims to improve upon existing means for securely fastening knobs and other components to shafts.
This document provides details of a bearing quality testing machine that tests roller thrust bearings for manufacturing inaccuracies. It includes diagrams of the machine and descriptions of its components. The machine applies a gradually increasing axial thrust to the bearing while it rotates to test the percentage of surface contact between its rollers and races under load. It measures the resulting torque on the driving motor to determine if the bearing meets quality standards.
This document summarizes a patent for improvements to magnetic amplifiers. It describes a magnetic amplifier with a reversible cycle of operation corresponding to half cycles of line current. It alternately saturates pairs of cores in opposite directions using line current flux, while also exposing at least one core to a signal current flux to separate the core saturations during some cycles. It controls output current delivery within these cycles based on the core saturation without transferring memory between cycles. The document also discusses characteristics of magnetic amplifiers like hysteresis loops and core saturation levels.
This document describes an improved speed controlling system for polyphase commutator motors. It aims to provide a motor that has both series and shunt characteristics, allowing it to operate at a wide speed range. This is achieved by connecting the primary winding of an intermediate transformer in series or parallel with the motor windings. In series connection, the motor operates as a typical series motor. In parallel connection, voltage is supplied to the rotor to make it run as a shunt motor. This allows the motor to hoist light loads at high or low speeds, as well as lower loads at an adequate speed through regenerative braking. Diagrams and characteristics curves are provided to illustrate how switching connections achieves variable speed control.
This document describes patent GB785188 (A) for improvements in linear motion drive devices. It provides background on the problem of positioning movable elements in industrial equipment from remote locations. The invention involves a linear motion drive device with an electric motor having a stator and rotor. A lead screw is secured against rotation and passes through the rotor bore. Rotor arms can engage and disengage a drive means from the lead screw to move it axially. Figures 1-4 illustrate one embodiment involving a reluctance motor, lead screw, and expanding nut drive means mounted on pivoted rotor arms.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope while gripping the exposed part of the product.
2) The machine contains flattened tubes mounted on a rotatable spider arm that inserts products into the tubes. An envelope is placed on a turntable and the filled tube and open envelope are aligned and moved together to transfer the product.
3) The machine operates by loading products into tubes, supplying envelopes to the turntable, and aligning and moving a filled tube and open envelope together to transfer the product from the tube to
1. The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes.
2. It works by first inserting the product into a flattened tube so that part of the product projects out, then inserting the tube end containing the product into an envelope to fully enclose the product.
3. It holds the product in place using a gripping device that presses through the envelope onto the projecting part of the product while withdrawing the tube.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope.
2) A gripping device then presses on the part of the product protruding from the tube to hold it in place as the tube is withdrawn.
3) The machine uses a rotating spider arm mechanism to position flattened tubes containing products above open envelopes on a rotating turntable, transferring the products into the envelopes as the tubes are inserted and withdrawn.
1. The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes.
2. It works by first inserting the product into a flattened tube so that part of the product projects out, then inserting the tube end containing the product into an envelope to fully enclose the product.
3. It holds the product in place using a gripping device that presses through the envelope onto the projecting part of the product while withdrawing the tube.
This document describes a patent for an improved portable drilling rig mounted on a vehicle. Some key points:
1) The drilling rig allows lengths of drill pipe to be added to the drill string without needing to remove the string from the borehole, saving time.
2) The drill string is driven directly by a motor near the point of suspension from a movable jib, rather than using a rotating Kelly bar that requires removing from the borehole.
3) As additional lengths of pipe are added, the motor and bit remain near the bottom of the hole throughout the process.
This document describes a patent for an improved portable drilling rig mounted on a vehicle. Some key points:
1) The drilling rig allows lengths of drill pipe to be added to the drill string without needing to remove the string from the borehole, saving time.
2) The drill string is driven directly by a motor near the point of suspension from a movable jib, rather than using a rotating Kelly bar that requires removing from the borehole.
3) As additional lengths of pipe are added, the motor and bit remain near the bottom of the hole, avoiding debris falling down.
This document describes improvements to control means for electric current converters. It discusses providing control of discharge paths through respective control electrodes over a wide range, from rectifier to inverter operation. Each control electrode is connected to two inductive members (transformers or chokes) supplied with phase-displaced operating currents/voltages from AC busbars. There are means for imparting a commonly variable direct current premagnetization and means for imparting independently pre-settable direct current premagnetizations, allowing control of each electrode's feed to provide a control voltage during a portion of the converter's total control range.
This document summarizes a patent for a machine that applies rubber caps to containers. It describes a machine with fingers arranged in an annular form that can place a cap, and pistons that impart radial movement to the fingers. It also includes a rotary table to carry containers, a head carrying the fingers that can slide, and a piston to actuate the head. The machine applies caps by extending the fingers to stretch the cap over the container, then retracting the fingers to leave the cap in place.
This document summarizes a 1957 patent for an improved prompting apparatus. The apparatus includes two rotatable spools between which a script sheet can be wound. It has a reversible motor and friction wheels that allow the script to be wound in either direction from one spool to the other, presenting the script to the speaker's view at a controlled rate without being apparent to the audience. The electrical components and reversal mechanism are described to allow switching the direction of script movement through the apparatus.
This document provides descriptions and technical data for several models of the 1 1/2-ton 4x4 Chevrolet truck used by the military between 1943-1945. It details the various configurations including chassis, cab, panel, dump, cargo, telephone, and specifications. The models share many core components but have specialized bodies and equipment tailored to their intended functions.
New holland b100 c stage iv tractor loader backhoe service repair manualujfjjkskkemmd
This document is a service manual for various tractor loader backhoe models including the B100C, B110C, and B115C. It contains over 200 sections covering all systems of the machines from the engine and transmission to hydraulics, electrical systems, and safety information. The manual provides repair and maintenance instructions for qualified service personnel and is intended to ensure safe and proper operation of the equipment.
This document describes a travelling wave tube comprising a ceramic envelope containing a helix. It includes coaxial line input and output feeders external to the envelope. Dielectric-loaded stripline impedance transformers provide coupling between each end of the helix and the respective input or output feeder. Each coupling is formed by a ground plane on the outer face of a ceramic disc joined to the outer conductor of the adjacent feeder. A radial conducting strip bonded to the inner disc face is connected to the inner feeder conductor and adjacent helix end.
This document describes a fire extinguisher comprising a flat circular tank formed from two discs secured together. The tank contains liquid and a cartridge holding a foaming agent. A discharge nozzle is mounted centrally in one disc. A rotary arm can cut through the cartridge to mix the foaming agent into the liquid. The nozzle is initially sealed and can be slid axially to cut the seal before the cartridge is cut, ensuring the mixture discharges through the nozzle.
This document describes a patent for an improved machine for winding tobacco leaves. The machine has a rolling table and rolling apron that delivers a wound tobacco product directly to a support located at the edge of the table. The support has a suction nozzle connected to suction means that retains the product on the support when the apron is retracted, in order to prevent the product from sticking to or dropping from the retracting apron. The machine cuts the ends of the tobacco product before delivering it to a second receiver for further processing.
This document summarizes a patent for improvements to magnetic amplifiers. It describes a magnetic amplifier with a reversible cycle of operation corresponding to half cycles of line current. It alternately saturates pairs of cores in opposite directions using line current flux, while also exposing at least one core to a signal current flux to separate the core saturations during some cycles. It controls output current delivery within these cycles based on the core saturation without transferring memory between cycles. The document also discusses characteristics of magnetic amplifiers like hysteresis loops and core saturation levels.
This document describes an improved speed controlling system for polyphase commutator motors. It aims to provide a motor that has both series and shunt characteristics, allowing it to operate at a wide speed range. This is achieved by connecting the primary winding of an intermediate transformer in series or parallel with the motor windings. In series connection, the motor operates as a typical series motor. In parallel connection, voltage is supplied to the rotor to make it run as a shunt motor. This allows the motor to hoist light loads at high or low speeds, as well as lower loads at an adequate speed through regenerative braking. Diagrams and characteristics curves are provided to illustrate how switching connections achieves variable speed control.
This document describes patent GB785188 (A) for improvements in linear motion drive devices. It provides background on the problem of positioning movable elements in industrial equipment from remote locations. The invention involves a linear motion drive device with an electric motor having a stator and rotor. A lead screw is secured against rotation and passes through the rotor bore. Rotor arms can engage and disengage a drive means from the lead screw to move it axially. Figures 1-4 illustrate one embodiment involving a reluctance motor, lead screw, and expanding nut drive means mounted on pivoted rotor arms.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope while gripping the exposed part of the product.
2) The machine contains flattened tubes mounted on a rotatable spider arm that inserts products into the tubes. An envelope is placed on a turntable and the filled tube and open envelope are aligned and moved together to transfer the product.
3) The machine operates by loading products into tubes, supplying envelopes to the turntable, and aligning and moving a filled tube and open envelope together to transfer the product from the tube to
1. The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes.
2. It works by first inserting the product into a flattened tube so that part of the product projects out, then inserting the tube end containing the product into an envelope to fully enclose the product.
3. It holds the product in place using a gripping device that presses through the envelope onto the projecting part of the product while withdrawing the tube.
1) The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes. It does this by first inserting the product into a flattened tube, then inserting the end of the tube containing the product into an open envelope.
2) A gripping device then presses on the part of the product protruding from the tube to hold it in place as the tube is withdrawn.
3) The machine uses a rotating spider arm mechanism to position flattened tubes containing products above open envelopes on a rotating turntable, transferring the products into the envelopes as the tubes are inserted and withdrawn.
1. The document describes a packaging machine that inserts soft products like rubber goods into envelopes.
2. It works by first inserting the product into a flattened tube so that part of the product projects out, then inserting the tube end containing the product into an envelope to fully enclose the product.
3. It holds the product in place using a gripping device that presses through the envelope onto the projecting part of the product while withdrawing the tube.
This document describes a patent for an improved portable drilling rig mounted on a vehicle. Some key points:
1) The drilling rig allows lengths of drill pipe to be added to the drill string without needing to remove the string from the borehole, saving time.
2) The drill string is driven directly by a motor near the point of suspension from a movable jib, rather than using a rotating Kelly bar that requires removing from the borehole.
3) As additional lengths of pipe are added, the motor and bit remain near the bottom of the hole throughout the process.
This document describes a patent for an improved portable drilling rig mounted on a vehicle. Some key points:
1) The drilling rig allows lengths of drill pipe to be added to the drill string without needing to remove the string from the borehole, saving time.
2) The drill string is driven directly by a motor near the point of suspension from a movable jib, rather than using a rotating Kelly bar that requires removing from the borehole.
3) As additional lengths of pipe are added, the motor and bit remain near the bottom of the hole, avoiding debris falling down.
This document describes improvements to control means for electric current converters. It discusses providing control of discharge paths through respective control electrodes over a wide range, from rectifier to inverter operation. Each control electrode is connected to two inductive members (transformers or chokes) supplied with phase-displaced operating currents/voltages from AC busbars. There are means for imparting a commonly variable direct current premagnetization and means for imparting independently pre-settable direct current premagnetizations, allowing control of each electrode's feed to provide a control voltage during a portion of the converter's total control range.
This document summarizes a patent for a machine that applies rubber caps to containers. It describes a machine with fingers arranged in an annular form that can place a cap, and pistons that impart radial movement to the fingers. It also includes a rotary table to carry containers, a head carrying the fingers that can slide, and a piston to actuate the head. The machine applies caps by extending the fingers to stretch the cap over the container, then retracting the fingers to leave the cap in place.
This document summarizes a 1957 patent for an improved prompting apparatus. The apparatus includes two rotatable spools between which a script sheet can be wound. It has a reversible motor and friction wheels that allow the script to be wound in either direction from one spool to the other, presenting the script to the speaker's view at a controlled rate without being apparent to the audience. The electrical components and reversal mechanism are described to allow switching the direction of script movement through the apparatus.
This document provides descriptions and technical data for several models of the 1 1/2-ton 4x4 Chevrolet truck used by the military between 1943-1945. It details the various configurations including chassis, cab, panel, dump, cargo, telephone, and specifications. The models share many core components but have specialized bodies and equipment tailored to their intended functions.
New holland b100 c stage iv tractor loader backhoe service repair manualujfjjkskkemmd
This document is a service manual for various tractor loader backhoe models including the B100C, B110C, and B115C. It contains over 200 sections covering all systems of the machines from the engine and transmission to hydraulics, electrical systems, and safety information. The manual provides repair and maintenance instructions for qualified service personnel and is intended to ensure safe and proper operation of the equipment.
This document describes a travelling wave tube comprising a ceramic envelope containing a helix. It includes coaxial line input and output feeders external to the envelope. Dielectric-loaded stripline impedance transformers provide coupling between each end of the helix and the respective input or output feeder. Each coupling is formed by a ground plane on the outer face of a ceramic disc joined to the outer conductor of the adjacent feeder. A radial conducting strip bonded to the inner disc face is connected to the inner feeder conductor and adjacent helix end.
This document describes a fire extinguisher comprising a flat circular tank formed from two discs secured together. The tank contains liquid and a cartridge holding a foaming agent. A discharge nozzle is mounted centrally in one disc. A rotary arm can cut through the cartridge to mix the foaming agent into the liquid. The nozzle is initially sealed and can be slid axially to cut the seal before the cartridge is cut, ensuring the mixture discharges through the nozzle.
This document describes a patent for an improved machine for winding tobacco leaves. The machine has a rolling table and rolling apron that delivers a wound tobacco product directly to a support located at the edge of the table. The support has a suction nozzle connected to suction means that retains the product on the support when the apron is retracted, in order to prevent the product from sticking to or dropping from the retracting apron. The machine cuts the ends of the tobacco product before delivering it to a second receiver for further processing.
This document is a patent specification from 1957 describing improvements to screw presses. It details a screw press design that uses a hollow screw spindle with a suspension rod running longitudinally through it. The suspension rod engages with a thrust bearing assembly carrying the sliding head and is mounted at one end of the spindle. This overcomes issues with prior designs like notch effects and screw breakages, while allowing the screw to withstand greater pressures.
The document describes an improved copper-aluminum alloy containing 5.5-8% aluminum, 1-2% cobalt, and 2-6% nickel (replaceable by manganese). The alloy exhibits high resistance to creep at temperatures up to 500°C and good mechanical properties at ordinary temperatures due to precipitation hardening. Preferred proportions are 7% aluminum, 1.5% cobalt, and 4% nickel. Samples of the alloy with this composition demonstrated tensile strengths up to 65 tons/in2, elongations up to 10%, and creep rupture lives over 1000 hours at loads up to 4 tons/in2 when given appropriate heat treatments.
This document describes a patent (GB780090 A) for improvements in forming or dressing grinding wheels. Specifically, it provides a method and apparatus for moving a dressing tool along the grinding wheel axis in both directions, partially forming the wheel during movement in one direction and completing the formation during reverse movement. It compensates for any lost motion in the tool actuation mechanism to ensure precise timing and wheel formation when changing movement directions. The apparatus includes a dressing tool, mechanisms for supporting tool movement in predetermined paths during forward and reverse travel along the wheel, and means for adjusting the timing relationship between actuating mechanisms upon direction changes.
This document describes a patent (GB780090 A) for improvements in forming or dressing grinding wheels. Specifically, it provides a method and apparatus for moving a dressing tool along the grinding wheel axis in both directions, partially forming the wheel during movement in one direction and completing the formation during reverse movement. It compensates for any lost motion in the tool actuation mechanism to ensure precise timing and wheel formation when changing movement directions. The apparatus includes a dressing tool, mechanisms for supporting tool movement in predetermined paths during forward and reverse travel along the wheel, and means for adjusting the timing relationship between actuating mechanisms upon direction changes.
This patent document describes improvements to a clutch mechanism. Specifically, it describes a clutch with a driving member that has slots on its inner periphery and a driven member with a radially movable detent that engages the slots. The slots and detent are tapered radially outward so there is no play between the members when engaged. The clutch engages immediately when actuated and prevents initial slipping between the members.
This document describes a patent for a synchronizing device for changing gears in vehicles. The device aims to overcome issues where significant force is needed to shift gears when the vehicle is stationary. It does this through a supporting ring that increases synchronization force in one direction of rotation, but is held ineffective by stops in the other direction. This allows easy gear shifting when stationary but maintains sufficient synchronization force for other gear changes.
This document describes a patent for a clutch mechanism for driving textile spinning or twisting spindles. The clutch allows reliable operation of the spindle even with large cop weights or varying speeds without significant changes to the spinning machine. The clutch comprises two clutch members on the same driven shaft that can move axially to engage and disengage. One member rotates with the shaft while the other connects to the spindle. The members have both positive-drive teeth and friction surfaces arranged so that friction engages before the teeth, allowing shock-free starting and braking when disengaged.
This patent document describes improvements to internal combustion engines with two or more cylinders. Specifically, it describes an engine where one rotary valve controls the inlet and outlet of two adjacent cylinders. The rotary valve rotates at half the crank shaft speed and has an axis that is inclined at an angle between 15 and 45 degrees to the cylinder axes. This arrangement allows for a compact design with advantages for the combustion chamber shape and spark plug placement.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems that would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems that would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems which would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed, reducing braking effectiveness.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems which would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed, resulting in greater stopping distances.
This document summarizes a patent for improvements to a spring clutch mechanism. It describes a centrifugally-activated locking mechanism that prevents the clutch spring from disengaging at higher speeds, while allowing control of the clutch at lower speeds. Specifically:
- It uses pivoting pawls on the output member that engage shoulders on the input member when swung outward by centrifugal force, locking the clutch spring.
- The shoulders can be precisely adjusted to clear the pawls at low speeds for clutch control, but engage at higher speeds to prevent intermittent disengagement of the clutch spring.
- An alternative uses an auxiliary clutch spring on the output member that engages a drum on the input member under centrifugal
This document summarizes a patent for improvements to a spring clutch mechanism. It describes a centrifugally-activated locking mechanism that prevents the clutch spring from disengaging at higher speeds, while allowing control of the clutch at lower speeds. The locking mechanism uses pivoting pawls on the output member that engage shoulders on the input member when swung outward by centrifugal force. Precise adjustment between clutch components allows the pawls to clear the shoulders at low speeds for clutch control.
This document provides a detailed description of a gearbox patent with the following key points:
1) The gearbox uses a system of five superimposed shifting elements (grids) equal to the number of speeds plus one for neutral, which can be selectively moved to engage different gears.
2) It includes a preselecting member (ring) that can engage one of the shifting elements to preselect a gear or set the gearbox to neutral.
3) Operating means (spindle and lever) allow moving the preselecting member to engage different shifting elements, selecting the desired gear or neutral position.
This document describes improvements to control systems for electric winder motors. It discusses four control systems that take advantage of maximum feasible deceleration during normal operation by varying the deceleration based on the load on the motor. The control systems use various mechanisms, like lever arms, gear mechanisms, and generators, to delay braking initiation and vary the deceleration rate depending on the motor load. Diagrams and graphs are provided to illustrate how the control systems modify the deceleration profile to stop the winder cage closer to the stopping point with higher loads.
This document describes improvements to rotary pumps, motors, and meters. It details a new pump design with two unequal rotors mounted on parallel shafts rotating in opposite directions. One rotor is constructed as an eccentric while the other has teeth matching the eccentric's body of revolution and the speed ratio, providing a fluid-tight seal. This allows for simple and accurate manufacturing of the rotors. The pump operates through the timed opening and closing of inlet and outlet channels by the rotating rotors to transfer fluid from inlet to outlet in a continuous cycle. Ratios of 1:3 and 1:2 between the rotor speeds are mainly used.
This document provides a patent specification for improvements relating to the control and operation of change-speed gearing. It describes a system that allows for changing gears without interrupting the drive by partially engaging the clutch for the new gear while still engaged with the old gear, causing the old clutch to slip until speeds are equalized and the new clutch can fully engage. The system uses hydraulic means including valves and pistons to control frictional clutches, allowing downshifting without declutching the engine for acceleration.
This document provides a detailed description of GB785864(A), a 1957 patent for a wedge-actuated vehicle brake. It describes the exteriorly-mounted power actuator that drives a reciprocating wedge to actuate the brake shoes. The wedge movement is guided by rollers and pistons within an actuating chamber boss. The brake assembly includes individually adjustable anchor bolts and novel mechanisms for adjusting the brake shoes. The power actuator can be offset from the wedge axis to allow for axle clearance, and the wedge is able to float to self-balance the braking force applied to each shoe.
This document describes a wedge actuated vehicle brake mechanism. It discloses an improved design where the power actuator is located on the exterior side of the brake assembly backing plate and rigidly mounted to a special adapter. This allows the actuator axis to be offset from normal to the backing plate. It incorporates a combined brake support, actuator bracket and wedge cage. The wedge can reciprocate in a path up to 20 degrees from perpendicular to the backing plate, allowing flexibility in actuator placement. The design transfers force from the power unit's push rod directly to the wedge to multiply braking force through the wedge slope and internal shoe linkages.
This document describes improvements to textile ring spinning machines. It discusses prior art machines and their limitations, such as traveller speeds being limited to 30m/sec due to friction. The invention aims to allow for higher speeds by reducing friction through various means. It includes driving the spinning ring with an electric motor to allow for higher, independently controlled speeds. Figures 1-8 illustrate embodiments of the invention, showing a ring rail with a twisting ring driven by a motor, driving arrangements, bearing configurations, and an electro-spindle with a magnet bearing.
This document describes improvements to textile ring spinning machines. It discusses prior art machines and limitations around friction and speed. The invention aims to allow for higher speeds by reducing friction through various means, including driving the spinning ring with an electric motor and using magnetic bearings on the spindle. Diagrams are provided to illustrate the invention, showing the arrangement of motors, magnetic components, and other elements.
Сытник В. С. Основы расчета и анализа точности геодезических измерений в стро...Иван Иванов
В книге изложены вопросы теории и практики расчета, бценки
и анализа точности геодезических измерений, выполняемых при
возведении промышленных, жилых и общественных зданий й\цн-
женериых сооружений. На основе существующих в теории вероят^~—-
ностей
математической статистики и ошибок измерений рассмат
риваются методы расчета необходимой и достаточной точности гео
дезических измерений
применительно к определенным стадиям
строительно-монтажных работ и конструктивным решениям зданий
и сооружений. Значительное внимание уделено анализу точности
результатов геодезических измерений
Poialkova v.m. -_lifter-akademiia_(2007)Иван Иванов
The document is illegible as it contains random characters and symbols with no discernible words, sentences or meaning. It appears to be gibberish with no real information that can be summarized.
This document provides an introduction to a master's thesis that analyzes the legal and commercial issues in EU-Russia relations in the context of sanctions policy. It outlines the goals and structure of the thesis. The thesis will examine EU-Russia relations before and after sanctions were imposed in 2014 over Ukraine, the legal framework around the sanctions, and their impact on trade. It will also explore ways to optimize EU-Russia relations going forward. The introduction establishes that relations between the EU and Russia are an ongoing issue that significantly impacts international politics and economics.
Заковряшин А. И. Конструирование РЭА с учетом особенностей эксплуатацииИван Иванов
Показана роль конструкторского проектирования в обеспечении эффективности технического обслуживания РЭА по фактическому состоянию. В книге
взаимосвязанно решаются вопросы обеспечения ремонто- и контролепригодности
при конструировании РЭА. Ремонтопригодность рассматривается лак решающи”
фактор обеспечения эффективности применения аппаратуры. Область значений
конструктивных показателей РЭА определяется как результат решения задачи
оптимизации заданного качества функционирования.
The document provides guidance for directors of music in senior high schools on producing effective musical programs. It discusses various types of programs, considerations for program building such as attention, contrast and continuity. Organization, administration, publicity, programs/tickets, staging, lighting, costuming and other elements are covered. Experimental research was conducted, including visits to Radio City Music Hall and small theaters, to study professional practices.
1) Adolph W. Berkner of Cayuga, North Dakota invented an improved elevator bucket design.
2) Berkner's elevator bucket has a yieldingly supported bottom plate that can open under excessive weight to prevent overloading, and automatically closes when the weight reaches a predetermined amount to deliver accurate amounts.
3) The bottom plate is flexibly supported by a leather or metal strip attached to the top edge and backed by a metal strip, and is held closed by an arcuate leaf spring.
This document describes a radio navigation system that provides continuous indications of bearing and distance from a transmitter beacon to a receiver. It utilizes a single transmitter and receiver at the beacon location and a transmitter and receiver at the mobile location. The pulsed output of the distance measuring beacon is amplitude modulated with fundamental and harmonic bearing signals. At the mobile receiver, the distance is obtained from the timing of distance measuring pulses while the bearing is obtained by comparing the phase of the envelope wave components and reference signals.
This document describes a process for producing hydrocarbon drying oils through the polymerization of butadiene and styrene monomers in the presence of sodium catalyst. It discusses conducting the reaction in a reactor, then treating the product solution with an organic acid to convert the sodium into a filterable salt. The process aims to improve upon large-scale production by continuously feeding reagents to a reactor while removing the polymerized product, and pre-treating make-up materials to improve reaction efficiency.
This document describes improvements to a carbonating apparatus for producing aerated water. It details a conventional carbonator design and issues with maintaining proper carbonation levels and water temperature. The invention aims to address these issues by wrapping the carbonating chamber in helical coils of pipes, with one pipe carrying water and the other a refrigerant. This design cools the chamber directly to maintain carbonation levels while reducing operating pressures and refrigeration needs.
1. * GB780106 (A)
Description: GB780106 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements in or relating to variable speed gearing
Description of GB780106 (A)
This print embodies the correction allowed by the decision of the
Superintending Examiner,
acting for the Comptroller-General, dated the twenty-third day of
March, 1959, under Section 76 of the Patents Act, 1949.
PATENT SPECIFICATION
78O01O6 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: June
30, 1955.
No. 18985/55.
Application made in France on July 1, 1954.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
Index at acceptance:-Classes 79(2), C(1C4: 1X: 17); and 80(2), D7C6.
International Classification:r-B62d. F06h.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION improvements in or relating to Variable Speed
Gearing We, SOCIETE D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES POUR ENGINS MECANIQUES
(S.E.R.E.M.), a Body Corporate incorporated under the Laws of France,
of 125, rue Michel Ange, Paris (XVI), France, do hereby declare the
invention, for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and
the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to variable speed gearing and has for its
object the provision of a gear-box which is distinguished more
particularly by the linear arrangement of its elements, by virtue of
which the gear-box is adapted to be readily constructed by juxtaposing
gear units each corresponding to two stages of speed.
According to the present invention there is provided variable speed
gearing comprising juxtaposed gear units, each of which gear units
includes a pair of fixed ratio gear couples adapted to be selectively
engageable to provide two speed stages, the elements of the respective
gear couples being mounted for idle rotation on a driving shaft and a
driven shaft common to all of the gear couples, the elements of the
2. respective gear couples mounted on the driving shaft being adapted to
be selectively coupled to the driving shaft for unitary rotation
therewith through the medium of clutch means common to such elements
and the elements of the respective gear couples mounted on the driven
shaft being adapted to be selectively coupled to the driven shaft for
unitary rotation therewith, power take-off means being provided
adapted to be operatively connected to the driving shaft and means
also being provided in association with the driven shaft for effecting
a reverse drive.
According to another feature of the invention, the driving shaft and
the driven shaft of the gearing extend through the said gear [Price
3s. 6d.] units from end to end thereof, reverse gear being provided by
a reversing mechanism preferably of the epicyclic gear type. Under
these conditions, the driving shaft which is driven directly by the
engine, supplies to the other end of the gear-box a power take-off
independent of the combination of gear ratios provided by the
gear-box. On the other hand, the reverse gear benefits from all the
said combinations, so that it becomes possible to construct vehicles
adapted to move equally well in both the forward and reverse
directions.
In the variable speed gearing according to the invention, the pinions
of the various gear couples, which may be straight-toothed gears,
double-toothed helical gears or gears of any other desired profile,
are in constant mesh.
The pinions carried by the driving shaft rotate idly thereon, and a
clutch which is common to the two stages of each gear unit in the
gear-box enables the pinions to be rotated solidly with the said
driving shaft at choice.
Similarly, the pinions of the various gear trains carried by the
driven shaft rotate idly thereon, and a set of two dogs common to the
two stages of each gear unit in the gear-box renders the pinions
capable of rotating solidly with the said driven shaft at choice.
In a simplified embodiment which may be used if linear speeds do not
become excessive, the pinions which are associated with various stages
and which are borne by the driven shaft rotate solidly therewith, in
which case all the pinions in the gear-box rotate simultaneously. In
this case, the selection of any gear ratio is effected merely by
engaging the corresponding pinion with the driving shaft, through the
medium of the associated clutch.
It will be apparent that the cross-sectional area of a gear-box
constructed according to the invention will be of very small
dimensions, a feature of advantage in certain applications 2 780,106
such as, for instance, agricultural tractors.
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same
3. may be carried into effect reference will now be made to the
accompanying drawing which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a
gear-box in accordance with the invention.
Referring to the drawing, the gear-box of the variable speed gearing
is composed of a pair of two-speed gear units A and B and thus
provides four forward speeds which an epicyclic reverse gear C of
known construction converts at choice into four reverse speeds.
Each gear unit comprises a casing 1 connected by flanges to the
following gear unit with the interposition of a partition 2 journalled
on bearings or rollers 3 for supporting the driving shaft 4 and the
driven shaft 6.
First gear is produced by the pinion train 7,8, second gear by the
pinion train 9,10, third gear by the pinion train 11,12, and top gear
by the pinion train 13,14.
The driving shaft 4 is connected to the engine through any suitable
form of coupling, Z5 one of the elements of which is designated 15.
The other end of the driving shaft carries a power take-off coupling
element 16 constructed to suit the machine fitted with a gearbox in
accordance with the invention and comprising a multiple-disc plate
clutch 23 controlled by a sliding sleeve 24. The driven shaft 6 is
connected at the output end of the gear-box to the epicyclic reverse
gear C.
If consideration is now given to the gear unit A of the gear-box, it
will be seen that there is disposed between the two pinions 9,13 of
the two corresponding speed stages a double multiple-disc plate
clutch, the sleeve 17 of which is keyed to and adapted to slide along
the shaft 4 and is controlled by a selector fork of known construction
(not shown) acting in a slot 18. The two end bell housings 19,20, of
the said clutch carry the pinions 9 and 13, respectively.
-45 Corresponding with each of the pinions 10 and 14 on the driven
shaft 6 is one of the two dogs 21, 22, which are keyed to and adapted
to slide along the shaft 6 and which are controlled by selector forks
in the conventional manner.
The drawing illustrates all the elements in the released position,
only the driving shaft 4 rotating and transmitting its movement to the
power take-off coupling element 16.
To engage first gear, the dog 26 of the gear unit B is moved towards
the right as shown in the drawing to engage with the pinion 8,
whereafter the clutch bell-housing 27 is engaged by movement of the
sleeve 28 towards the right. Rotation of the shaft 4 is therefore
transmitted to the shaft 6 with the reduction provided by the pinions
7 and 8.
Either the reverse gear C is inoperative and the shaft 29 transmits
the torque of the driven shaft positively, or the reverse gear C is
4. operative and the shaft 29 transmits the said torque negatively, if
desired with further reduction.
The epicyclic gear C is of known construction and need not therefore
be described in detail, since it lies outside the scope of the 70
invention.
To engage second gear, the dog 21 is moved towards the right, as also
is the clutch sleeve 17, so as to transmit to the shaft 6, through the
pinions 9 and 10, the rotation of shaft 4. 75 To engage third gear,
the dog 25 and the sleeve 28 are moved towards the left.
To engage top gear, the dog 22 and the sleeve 17 are moved towards the
left.
It will be noted that this method of operation completely obviates the
time delay between two consecutive stages of gear reduction or
multiplication. It is possible to pass continuously from one gear
ratio to the next, by the operation of the corresponding clutches, 85
and it is for this reason that, according to the invention, two
consecutive stages are included in two different gear units of the
gear-box so as to permit the requisite straddling between release of
the clutch corresponding to the disengaged gear and engagement of the
clutch corresponding to the engaged gear. The existence of the said
time delay is particularly disadvantageous, for example, in
agricultural tractors in which the impetus of the vehicle 95 is zero,
so that upon declutching, the vehicle immediately loses sneed, with
the result that it sometimes becomes very difficult to engage the
following speed change. The operation of the corresponding dog
selector forks is carried 100 out at a suitable time.
This operation of the dogs, and likewise the operation of the
clutches, can be effected manually and arbitrarily in a conventional
manner. Such operation can also be effected, 105 for example, by
hydraulic or electric control means, thus simplifying driving and
producing a suitable sequence of operations automatically with or
without being subjected to intervention by the driver. This control
means and 110 details of the construction thereof do not come within
the scope of the invention.
It will also be apparent that the constructional details of the
various components of the apparatus described and illustrated, more
particularly of the clutches, may vary considerably from the details
illustrated in the drawing by way of example and, if desired,
commercially available mechanisms may be employed. Similar
considerations apply to the 120 epicyclic reverse gear.
Mention has already been made herein as to the advantage derived from
the employment of a gear-box of small transverse dimensions such as
that according to the invention, in 125 conjunction with agricultural
tractors. The mounting of the gear-box according to the invention in a
5. tractor permits of a useful downward increase in the driver's field of
vision, by being narrower than usual. 130 780,106 drive may be
effected in conformity with the change speed gear ratios produced by
the elements of the gear units.
6. Variable speed gearing according to
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