2. Philippine Education Then and Now
Pre- Spanish Time
Spanish Regime
American Regime
Japanese Regime
Philippine Education under New Society
Philippine Education under the Present
System
5. Content of Education
Broad, indefinite and unwritten;
Unstructured;
Research later shows Filipinos already have their own
“baybayin” alphabet because of ALIBATA
6. Ancient Writing System
• ALIBATA- Alibata is an ancient Filipino script that is believed to have originated from the
Javanese’ old kawi script.
• The existence of ALIBATA is one of the evidences of civilization.
8. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM/CURRICULUM
Formal and Organized
Religion oriented Education
Spanish missionaries as tutors
Spanish language-cumpolsary
Teach and catechism to the natives
Christian doctrine, prayers, and sacred
songs
9. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM/CURRICULUM
•3R’s were only given to brighter pupils
•Inadequate education READ WRITE ARITHMETIC
(suppressed/limited/controlled)
•Education is a privilege not a right
•Education for the Elite
•Controlled by friars
10. Major Problems
• Lack of trained teachers
• Lack of teachers (150 teacher missionaries to instruct over
half a million inhabitants)
• Lack of funds, instructional materials, and in many instances
school houses
12. January 1, 1863: Educational Decree of
1862
• Access to education by the Filipinos was later liberalized through the
enactment of the Educational decree of 1863.
• Provided for the establishment of at least one primary school for boys
and girls in each town under the responsibility of the municipal
government;
• Establishment of a normal school for male teachers under the
supervision of the Jesuits
• The Spanish schools started accepting Filipino students.
• Intellectual Filipino emerged
13. Subject: Based on Royal Decree
1863
•Languages(Latin, Spanish grammar and literature,
elementary Greek, French and English)
•History ( Universal, Spanish)
•Mathematics (Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry,
Geometry)
•Philosophy (Rhetoric, Logic, Ethics)
•Geography
•Psychology
14. Philippine Revolution
• I. Illustrados spearheaded the propaganda Movement
• II. Curricular reforms
• 1. Secularization of Education
• 2. Instruction of Spanish
• 3.Greater attention to natural science
• 4.The design of a relevant curriculum
• 5. Improvement of higher centers of learning
• 6.Improvementof educational system
15. Philippine Revolution
• III. Jose Rizal criticized unequivocally the friars’ method of
instruction in his two novels Noli Me tengere and El
filibusterismo
• 1. Disproportionate focus on religion.
• 2. Discourage the attempt of Filipino students to speak in
Spanish
• 3. Lack of pedagogical skills
• Irrelevant courses in the curriculum
16. Curriculum
• To improved the existing curriculum, Rizal considered the ff.
subjects as required courses in secondary school.
Science Math
History Philosophy
Law Language
P.E Religion
Music Social Sciences
17. January 1, 1565
Parochial Schools
•Rise of parochial schools started by the
Agustinians and later by other religious Spanish
orders. Among the 1st school are:
•Colegio De San Ignacio (1589)
•Beaterio de Sta. Potenciana ( 1st only-girls school
in 1594)
•UST (1611)
18. UST was the only institution of higher learning offering
courses such as medicine, pharmacy, midwifery and law.
19. SUMMARY
• I. Educational Aims II Educational Types
• To promote Christianity Formal Education
•Promotion of Spanish Language
Religious Education
•Promotion of Spanish Language Doctrine
•Imposition of Spanish value Vocational course
22. First Republic Education was;
•Education
•Priority during the Malolos
Republic
•August 29, 1898-school
were re-opened by
The secretary of the interior
General Aguinaldo( seated, center) and ten of the delegates to the
first assembly that passed the constitution, in the Barasoain
Church, Malolos (Taken December 8, 1929)
25. Educational Highlights
• Curricular reforms
• Secularization of Education
• Greater Attention to natural science
• The design of a relevant curriculum
• The Improvement of higher centers of learning
• Improvement of Educational system
• Disproportionate focus on religion
• Discourage the attempt of Filipino students to speak in Spanish
• Lack of pedagogical skills
• Irrelevant courses in the curriculum
28. Glimpse from the Past
•American Expeditionary forces were
sent to the Philippines with a mission
to destroy Spanish Armada in Manila
Bay as part of the strategy to defeat
the Spaniards in the Spanish American
War ranging at that time in Cuba.
30. Glimpse from the Past
•The Americans won, and on the
Treaty of Paris on December 10,
1898, the Philippines was ceded to
the United State by the Spanish for
the paltry sum of US $20 million
32. Educational System
•Thomasites heralding the institution of English as the
new medium of instruction.
•Public schools system was instituted making it
obligatory for all children,
•Education was given for free.
•English and mathematics dominated the curriculum
and the teaching of religion was prohibited.
33. The American Revised Curriculum
•The curriculum was based on the ideals
and traditions of American and her
hierarchy of values.
•The primary curriculum prescribed in
1904 by the Americans for the Filipinos
consisted of three Grades which provides
training in two aspects:
