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6 stroke engine was developed in U.S. by BRUCE CROWER.
Fresh water is injected into the cylinder after the exhaust stroke,
and is quickly turned to super heated steam,
which causes water to expand to 1600 times its volume and
forces the piston down for an additional stroke.
3. C R O W E R S 6 S T R O K E E N G I N E
6 stroke engine was
developed in U.S. by
BRUCE CROWER.
Fresh water is injected
into the cylinder after the
exhaust stroke,
and is quickly turned to
superheated steam,
which causes water to
expand to 1600 times its
volume and
forces the piston down for
an additional stroke.
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4. SPECIFICATION OF SIX STROKE
ENGINE
PROTOTYPE 5 - DUCATI BASED
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10. APPLICATION IN
AVIATION
Jumbo Jet , Green Engine :
The GEnx - 2B Cuts
Emissions, Fuel Use,
The aviation industry’s time-
honored mantra of “faster,
further, higher” has in recent
years expanded to include a
fourth goal: “greener.
”The move toward greener
flight, which began as a cost-
cutting side-effect of rising
fuel prices, arrived in full
measure in 2008 when
investigators found that
airliners emit a fifth more
carbon dioxide than previously
estimated.
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11. GEnx-2b
Lightweight composite fan
blades for fuel efficiency.
And because the bigger,
more efficient fan blades on
the GEnx-2B spin at slower tip
speeds, they generate less
noise.
The unit “pre-swirls” a lean
mixture of fuel and air more
rapidly and uniformly so
burning occurs faster at a
lower temperature in a
smaller space.
The lower-temperature fuel
combustion results in nitrogen
oxide(NOx) emissions some
60 percent below today’s
mandated limits.
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13. Power Generation at a Stationary Engine Application
South Texas, USA
Max Gross Power Output: 28kWe
Thermal Heat Input: 235 - 450kWt
Hot Water Input Range: 180 - 190°F
Hot Water Flow: 200 GPM
Direct Condenser: Ambient air temperature ranges from 30-100°F avg is 70°F
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14. Power Generation at a Stationary Engine
ElectraTherm’s Gulf Coast distributor, Gulf Coast Green Energy (GCGE), is generating
fuel-free, emission free power using the ElectraTherm heat-to-power “Green Machine” to
efficiently capture excess heat generated by the cooling of a natural gas
compressor stationary engine. The machine has logged more than 4,000 hours of power
generation to date.
ElectraTherm’s Green Machine generates clean power by harnessing excess heat from
stationary engines that would otherwise go to waste. Natural gas must be compressed at
regular intervals to keep it flowing through pipelines. Waste heat is created by the
stationary engines that drive the natural gas compressor. The Green Machine captures
the heat from the jacket water, converting it into electricity.
GCGE teamed with a natural gas compression services company and a South Texas
natural gas field to show that the ElectraTherm machine could be used effectively on a
gas compressor engine. This project marks the first commercial stationary engine
application of the Green Machine, which captures surplus heat from a Waukesha 5794
and generates emission-free electricity that can be used for on-site power needs or
supplied to the local electricity grid. The waste heat removed by the Green Machine is
equivalent to increased engine cooling capacity, a significant benefit for compressor
engines in the heat of summer.
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15. REFERENCE
Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines by Richard Stone.
Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine by Pulkrabek
.
Internal Combustion Engines by K.K. Ramalingam.
First published in June 1998 Motorcycle Sport and Leisure magazine.
Reprinted with kind permission of the author, Alan Cathcart.
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