This document contains 10 figures showing different types of renal calcification seen on medical imaging. It includes examples of staghorn calculi, nephrocalcinosis due to milk-alkali syndrome, medullary sponge kidney, renal cell carcinoma with calcification, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis with ureteral calculi, calcified renal artery aneurysm, renal milk of calcium in a cyst, and a congenital multicystic kidney with peripheral calcification. The figures demonstrate how calcifications appear on x-rays, CT scans, and urograms and can help to differentiate various renal pathologies.

1. 56Renal Calcification

2. CLINICAL IMAGAGING
AN ATLAS OF DIFFERENTIAL DAIGNOSIS
EISENBERG
DR. Muhammad Bin Zulfiqar
PGR-FCPS III SIMS/SHL

3. • Fig GI 56-1 Bilateral staghorn calculi.

4. • Fig GI 56-2 Milk-alkali syndrome causing
nephrocalcinosis.

5. • Fig GI 56-3 Medullary sponge kidney.

6. • Fig GI 56-4 Lipoid pneumonia. Multifocal areas
of consolidation in the right lung containing
areas of fat attenuation. (Courtesy of Michael
B. Gotway, MD, Scottsdale, A Z.)

7. • Fig GI 56-5 Simple renal cyst. Curvilinear,
peripheral calcification outlines part of the
cyst wall (arrows). Smooth splaying of upper
pole calyces is demonstrated on this film from
an excretory urogram.71

8. • Fig GI 56-6 Calcification in a renal cell
carcinoma. If there is no peripheral
calcification, mottled or punctuate calcium
that appears to be within a mass is highly
indicative of a malignant lesion.72

9. • Fig GI 56-7 Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.
Several large radioplaque calculi at the
ureteropelvic junction and in the proximal ureter
on the right (open arrows). The closed arrow
points to an opacified gallbladder. At excretory
urography, the right kidney showed no function.

10. • Fig GI 56-8 Calcification in a renal artery
aneurysm. (A) Plain abdominal radiograph
demonstrates the circular calcification with a
cracked-eggshell appearance at the renal hilum.
(B) Selective right arteriogram shows contrast
material filling the saccular aneurysm (arrow).

11. • Fig GI 56-9 Renal milk of calcium. On an upright
view, the calcium-containing sediment gravitates
to the bottom of the renal cyst, resulting in the
characteristic half-moon contour.

12. • Fig GI 56-10 Congenital unilateral multicystic
kidney. There are three peripherally calcified
masses, with no excretion of contrast material
on excretory urography.72