The document is a report submitted to Webcom Technologies as part of a post graduate program in entrepreneurship and business. It provides an overview of SAP (Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing), including its history and development over time. It also summarizes key aspects of SAP's R3 system and FICO (finance and controlling) module.

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A Report Submitted to Webcom Technologies, New Delhi
As a part fulfillment of
Post Graduate Program (industry integrated) in
Entrepreneurship and Business.
Submitted To: Prepared By:
Mr. Bharat Jain Sonia Punshi
Webcom Technologies Sonia_punshi_2009@yahoo.in
New Delhi DBS/08-10/S-335
Internal Guide: July 08-10
Mrs. Sweta Seth (Sr. Lecture IT) 4th SEM
Delhi Business School
B-II/58, M.C.I.E., Mathura Road, New Delhi, Website: www.dbs.edu.in

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibilities to complete this
Project. I would like to thank Dr. Grish Kathuria (Director) and Mrs. Sweta Seth, Delhi Business
School, New Delhi, Mr. Bharat SAP Consultant, Webcom Technologies, New Delhi and college
authorities first for providing me the opportunity to work with one the prestigious organization.
With a deep sense of gratitude and humble submission I would like to express my heartiest
gratefulness to my Faculty Guide Delhi Business School , whose help, stimulating suggestions
and encouragement helped me in all the times of research for and writing of this Project.
Date:
Signature:

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DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project report entitled ³FI & CO PROJECT´ is the produce of my
sincere effort. This Summer Internship Project Report is being submitted by me at WEBCOM
TECHNOLOGIES, New Delhi, for the partial fulfillment of the course PGP (Industry
Integrated), and the report has not been submitted to any other educational institutions for any
other purpose.
Date:
Signature

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INDEX
PAGES
1. SAP INTRODUCTION 6
2. R3 8
3. SAP IN FICO MODULE 9
4. ADVANTAGES OF SAP 10
5. LANDSCAPE 12
6. ASAP METHODOLOGY 14
7. COMPARISON OF SAP WITH COMPETITORS 16
8. LOGGING ON TO THE SYSTEM 18
9. LOGON SCREEN FOR AN SAP SYSTEM 19
10. SCREEN STRUCTURE 20
11. ENTERPRISE STRUCTURE OF SAP FICO 22
11.1: DEFINE COMPANY 24
11.2: DEFINE COMPANY CODE 25
11.3: ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO COMPANY 27
11.4: DEFINE FISCAL YEAR VARIANT 28
11.5: ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO FSY 30
11.6: DEFINE POSTING PERIOD VARIANT 31
11.7: OPEN & CLOSE POSTING PERIOD 32
11.8: ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO POSTING PERIOD VARIANT 33
12. DEFINE DOCUMENT NUMBER RANGE 34
12.1: DEFINE FIELD STATUS GROUP 35
12.2: ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO FIELD STATUS VARIANT 37
13. CHART OF ACCOUNT 38
13.1: DEFINE CHART OF ACCOUNT AS PER INDIAN REQUIREMENTS 38
13.2: ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO CHARTS OF ACCOUNTS 39
14. DEFINE ACCOUNT GROUPS 40
15. DEFINE RETAINED EARNING ACCOUNT 41
16. DEFINE TOLERANCE GROUPS FOR G/L ACCOUNTS 42
16.1: DEFINE TOLERANCE GROUPS FOR EMPLOYEES 43

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17. TAX PROCEDURE 45
17.1: DEFINE TAX PROCEDURE AS PER INDIAN LEGAL REQUIREMENTS 45
17.2: ASSIGN COUNTRY INDIA TO TAX PROCEDURE 47
18. DEFINE TAX ACCOUNT 48
19. DEFINE TAX CODE 50
20. DEFINE CUSTOMER ACCOUNT GROUPS 52
21. CREATION OF CUSTOMER 54
22. DEFINE VENDOR ACCOUNT GROUPS 58
23. UNDER & OVER PAYMENT 61
24. TO LINK OVER/UNDER PAYMENT G/L TO CHART OF ACCOUNTS 62
25. CASH DISCOUNT 63
26. DEFINE TERMS OF PAYMENT 64
27. PARK ENTRY 68
28. DUNNING PROCEDURE 71
29. AUTOMATIC PAYMENT PROGRAMME TO VENDOR 79
30. INTEREST CALCULATION 88
31. DEFINE CONTROLLING AREA 92
32. INVOICE ENTRIES OF ALL TRANSACTIONS 94
33. CARRY FORWARD RECEIVABLE/PAYABLE 99
33.1: BALANCE CAARY FORWARD LEDGER 101
34. DEFINE FINANCIAL STATEMENT VERSIONS 102
34.1: TO SEE THE FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEET 104

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1. SAP (SYSTEM APPLICATION & PROGRAM IN DATA
PROCESSING):
Introduction:
SAP is the name of the biggest European software company. The head office is in Walldorf,
Germany.
The 1970s: A Real-Time Vision
In 1972, five former IBM employees ± Dietmar Hopp, Hans-Werner Hector, Hasso Plattner,
Klaus Tschira, and Claus Wellenreuther ± launch a company called Systems Applications and
Products in Data Processing in Mannheim, Germany. Their vision: to develop standard
application software for real-time business processing.
One year later, the first financial accounting software is complete, forming the basis for the
continuous development of other software components in what later came to be known as the
"R/1 system." "R" stands for real-time data processing.
By the end of the decade, intensive examination of SAP's IBM database and dialog control
system leads to the birth of SAP R/2.
The 1980s: Rapid Growth
SAP moves into the company's first building on Max-Planck-Strasse in an industrial park in
Walldorf, near Heidelberg. Our software development area and its 50 terminals are all now under
one roof. Fifty of the 100 largest German industrial firms are already SAP customers.
The SAP R/2 system attains the high level of stability of the previous generation of programs.
Keeping in mind its multinational customers, SAP designs SAP R/2 to handle different
languages and currencies. With this and other innovations in SAP R/2, SAP sees rapid growth.
By the middle of the decade, SAP founds its first sales organization outside Germany, in Austria.
The company makes its first appearance at the CeBIT computer fair in Hanover, Germany.
Revenues reach DM 100 million (around $52 million), earlier than expected.
In August 1988, SAP GmbH becomes SAP AG. Starting on November 4, 1.2 million shares are
listed on the Frankfurt and Stuttgart stock exchanges.
Germany's renowned business journal, manager magazine, names SAP its Company of the Year
± a distinction we would receive twice more in the next few years.
With the founding of subsidiaries in Denmark, Sweden, Italy, and the United States, SAP's
international expansion takes a leap forward.

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The 1990s: A New Approach to Software and Solutions
SAP R/3 is unleashed on the market. The client-server concept, uniform appearance of graphical
interfaces, consistent use of relational databases, and the ability to run on computers from
different vendors meets with overwhelming approval. With SAP R/3, SAP ushers in a new
generation of enterprise software ± from mainframe computing to the three-tier architecture of
database, application, and user interface. To this day, the client-server architecture is the standard
in business software.
A growing number of subsidiaries are managed out of Walldorf. The new Sales and
Development Center in Walldorf officially opens it doors. It symbolizes the global success of the
company. In our twentieth year, our business outside Germany exceeds 50 percent of total sales
for the first time.
By 1996, the company has earned 1,089 new SAP R/3 customers. At the end of the year, SAP
R/3 has been installed in more than 9,000 systems worldwide.
SAP celebrates its twenty-fifth anniversary in 1997 and now employs approximately 12,900
people. We continue to strengthen our industry focus and build more and more industry-specific
solutions. Henning Kagermann becomes Co-Chairman and CEO of SAP AG with Hasso
Plattner. On August 3, 1998, the letters S-A-P appear for the first time on the Big Board at the
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the largest stock exchange in the world.
As the decade draws to a close, Hasso Plattner, Co-Founder, Co-Chairman, and CEO announces
the mySAP.com strategy, heralding the beginning of a new direction for the company and our
product portfolio. MySAP.com links e-commerce solutions to existing ERP applications, using
state-of-the-art Web technology.
The 2000s: Innovation for the New Millennium
With the Internet, the user becomes the focus of software applications. SAP develops SAP
Workplace and paves the way for the idea of an enterprise portal and role-specific access to
information.
Currently, more than 12 million users work each day with SAP solutions. There are now 140,000
installations worldwide, More than 2,400 certified partners, over 25 industry-specific business
solutions, and more than 75,000 customers in 120 countries. SAP is the world's third-largest
independent software vendor.
With service-oriented architecture and the underlying integration and application platform SAP
Net Weaver, SAP is providing our customers with solutions for end-to-end business processes.
With SAP Net Weaver, your company can integrate people, information, and processes within
the company and beyond.

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2. What Is R3?
R/3 is the comprehensive set of integrated business applications from SAP, the German company
that states it is the market and technology leader in business application software. R/3 replaced
an earlier system, R/2, which is still in use. R/3 uses the client/server model and provides the
ability to store, retrieve, analyze, and process in many ways corporate data for financial
analysis, production operation, human resource management, and most other business processes.
A recent release of R/3 makes it possible to get to the R/3 database and applications through
Internet access and Web browsers. A sales representative can initiate the workflow for a sales
order by filling out an electronic form on a laptop that will be "translated" into input for the R/3
system. Other interfaces such as Lotus Notes can also be used. The Web implementation adheres
to the Workflow Client API standard of the Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC).
A more recent version of R/3 adds features designed to speed product delivery by helping to
manage the supply chain.

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3. Sap in FICO Module:
SAP FI CO stands for financing and costing. This is the module which helps you optimize your
financial processes easily. So that if anyone want to check the data it can do it
Financial Accounting is broken down into the following sub modules:
y General Ledger accounting
y Accounts Receivable
y Accounts Payable
y Legal Consolidations
y Special Purpose ledger
y Asset Accounting
Controlling is broken down into the following sub modules:
y Overhead Cost Controlling
y Product Cost Controlling
y Sales and Profitability Analysis
y Activity Based Costing

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4. Advantages of SAP:
Functionality: The R/3 System offers you a software solution that covers all commercial
processes and transactions commonly occurring in a company or group of companies.
‡ Integration: All work processes within a company or group of companies are linked through
data and functions using the R/3 System.
‡ User Friendliness: The R/3 System has a uniform graphical user interface for all application
areas.
‡ Individual Solutions: System-controlled customizing procedures allow you to create solutions
from a wide variety of prepared application variants to satisfy individual requirements.
‡ Flexible Structure: Whether in a departmental organization or on the warehouse or factory
floor, change is the only facet of your business that will not vary. Adaptability must be universal,
and the R/3 System¶s flexible structure and extensive integration helps make that easier.
‡ Enterprise-Wide Integration: SAP¶s enterprise-wide R/3 System solutions meet the needs of
constantly changing, continually evolving businesses. The R/3 System¶s application components
are fully integrated. Transaction-related process chains trigger the next activity as needed from
engineering to materials management, to production planning, to sales and distribution. The R/3
System¶s full integration pulls your enterprise together, promoting data access, flexibility, and
productivity. No other product or suite of products provides the R/3 System¶s functional links
between processes that multiply the power of each person¶s work.
‡ Real-Time Information: The R/3 System¶s ability to ³drill down´ to whatever level of detail
you need is legendary. More than any other product, the R/3 System provides up-to-the-minute,
real-time information wherever and whenever you need it.
‡ Mission-Critical Business Processes: SAP has more than 20 years of experience designing
sophisticated application software for backbone and mission critical business processes. Nine of
the top ten Fortune 500 companies use SAP software. SAP developed most of the R/3 System¶s
functionality in close cooperation with these customers. Consequently, it has integrated the best
business practices of the world¶s most successful companies into the R/3 System. The R/3
System¶s business processes are flexible, pragmatic and well documented. Today they form a
widely acknowledged standard for Business Process Reengineering (BPR).
‡ Best of Breed: Users want standard software as well as standard business processes and
guidance on how to implement them successfully. With the R/3 System you get the ³best of
breed´ for all common business processes. You do not need to compromise on flexibility. If you
need or want to fine tune or tailor your R/3 System, the capability is there.
‡ Enterprise-wide three-tiered architecture: The R/3 System remains the only enterprise-wide,
three-tiered architecture. The R/3 System¶s three-tiered client/server architecture separates the
system into areas devoted to database, application functionality, and desktop presentation. This
structure promotes maximum flexibility, freedom of application component choice and the
ability to change and add to the system as your organization grows. The development of the
Internet, including the World-Wide Web, promises to make dramatic changes in communications
between businesses and customers. SAP is working with several partners to develop enhanced
Internet extensions for the R/3 System.

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‡ Concurrent engineering: Concurrent engineering cuts time-to-market by stacking up business
processes whenever functions can take place concurrently rather than consecutively. The R/3
System¶s flexibility and integration help you form the real-time workflow application links
required for concurrent engineering.
‡ Lean Implementation: The R/3 System promotes lean implementation through its modular
structure. By selecting key portions of the R/3 System for first-time implementation, and
minimizing customization, new users bring the full power of the R/3 System to address their
business issues with great speed, at a reasonable cost. Once running, the R/3 System makes it
easy to add more functional pieces. Tools on various system levels allow you to fine tune all R/3
System functional modules. Gradually adding functionality makes core solutions available
sooner without sacrificing long-term application muscle.
‡ Desktop Integration: Desktop integration in the R/3 System means that whenever you want
data moved into a desktop PC application, it is a mouse-click away. Download or export a file to
your PC¶s hard drive and then open it in your favorite spreadsheet or word processor. No
awkward or failure-prone communications between hardware or to hinder hinders your
productivity
‡ Online Integrated Graphics: Online integrated graphics in the R/3 System save you time and
effort, while making your information more meaningful. From most locations in the R/3 System,
you can instantly create full-color 2-D or 3-D graphics from your data. If you change any data,
you can instantly see it affect the graphics you have selected. You can also use your mouse to
change graphics manually.

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5. Landscape:
They system landscape basically is the set-up or arrangement of your SAP servers. Ideally, in an
SAP environment, a three-system landscape exists. A three-system landscape consists of the
Development Server-DEV, Quality Assurance Server-QAS and the Production Server-
PROD. This kind of set-up is not primarily designed to serve as server clusters in case of system
failure, the objective to enhance "configuration pipeline management".
A typical SAP Three-System Landscape.
At this juncture, it is important to state that a test system - Sandbox can also exit separately. The
essence of the sandbox is to test the configuration of the business processes of a company,
especially at the inception of the project (before the Business Blue Print is signed). It can also
serve as a practice environment, even after go-live.
Pipeline is the environment where the configuration in the development system is moved to the
quality assurance system and finally to the production system. The whole idea is to ensure that
the configuration of these systems is in sync at any point in time. Suffice to say that,
Development Quality Production

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configuration/changes are first made in the Development system, thoroughly tested in the
Quality Assurance system before been loaded into the production (Live) system.
This approach throws up the transport management system concept. Transport management
system is the coordination of the movement of objects and configuration changes from the
development system to the Quality Assurance system and then to the Production system. At
times, this sequence of movement is not possible, especially in cases where an SAP note
mandates that changes be made directly on the production system.
In such rare cases, objectively confirm that the change transport cannot be performed. Very
likely, your system must have been configured to "not modifiable" (a system locking strategy
that enforces the three-system landscape change transport rule); unlock the system by changing
the global setting option to "modifiable" using transaction SE03. After you have done that,
effect the change(s) on the system. Immediately lock the system back by changing the global
setting option to "not modifiable" using transaction SE03. Replicate the changes on the other
system. Note that transaction SCC4 can also be used to lock the system so that client dependent
and independent configuration changes are not carried out directly on the production system.
By and large, the SAP system landscape ensures that the integrity of data is enhanced via
enforcing a controlled configuration changes effect on the target system - production.

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6. ASAP Methodology:
(Accelerated Systems Application and Products in Data Processing)
All implementation projects have the following phases:
Scoping:
What is to be implemented i.e. which sub modules are to be implemented some clients may not
require credit management for example. Look at the project scope document carefully it will tell
you what SAP sub-modules in SAP you should be prepared for. Usually the sales people along
with project manager do it.
As is - Here you understand the existing business processes of the client. Your BPO collect all
the ISO-documentation (if client is ISO certified), reports and forms at this stage and you
analyses how and when the reports/forms are generated, where the data is coming from. You also
do a Level -2 training for your BPO so he is made aware of all the required transactions in SAP.
Once this is over BPO can start learning with the consultants help more about SAP. This is
crucial because if you miss out any transactions the BPO may forget about some of his Business
processes which may come up later. It is a good practice to ask the BPO to make flow charts to
explain business processes.
Business blueprint:
Here the as-is and to-be and gap analysis is explained. This is the document that you will be
using to do your configuration in the realization phase.
Realization phase:
Here you do the configuration in the development server (there are three clients -development,
quality, production). You also decide on the master data format, so that BPO can go collect the
master data. You also Gove ABAP specifications for forms, reports etc, system modifications
etc. Unit testing: Your BPOs and a few key users sit down and test your configuration in your
module only. It is good to test the BDCs that you need for uploading data at this stage so you
have more realistic data and your BDCs are tested.

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Integration testing:
Once all modules unit testing is over then the configuration is transported to the Quality server,
where testing for all the modules is done by BPOs and end user, this is to check if any problems
are there in integration between various modules. Once all is okay from the QA server
configuration is transported to the production server.
Goes live preparation
Data uploading: The collected master data is checked and the uploaded into production server
(server and client I have used interchangeably). Now you are ready for go live i.e. users can now
use the production server.

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7. Comparison of SAP with competitors
SAP is a German software development and consulting corporation, which provides enterprise
software applications and support to businesses of all sizes globally. Headquartered in Walldorf,
Germany, with regional offices around the world, SAP is the largest software enterprise in
Europe and the fourth largest software enterprise in the world as of 2009. The company's best
known product is its SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (SAP ERP) software.
Competitors
SAP Business one competes with Microsoft Dynamics globally, and with a variety of national
packages such as those sold by Sage in many countries around the world. Recently new
competitors with online offerings have emerged in the marketplace. Companies such as Net Suite
(CRM & ERP) and Salesforce.com (CRM only) offer similar functionality in web based
applications. Oracle is the main competitor of SAP.
Business and markets
SAP is the world's largest business software company and the third-largest independent software
provider in terms of revenues (as of 2007). It operates in three geographic regions ± EMEA,
which represents Europe, Middle East and Africa; the Americas (SAP America, headquartered in
Newtown Square, Pennsylvania), which represents both North America and Latin America; and
Asia Pacific Japan (APJ), which represents Japan, Australia, India and parts of Asia. In addition,
SAP operates a network of 115 subsidiaries, and has R&D facilities around the globe in
Germany, Turkey, Canada, China, Hungary, India, Israel, Bulgaria, and North America.
SAP claims to grow organically in contrast to its main rival, Oracle, which has been spending
US$20 billion since 2004 acquiring 30 smaller competitors. SAP was able to increase its annual
profits by 370% since 2002.
In something of a departure from its usual organic growth, on 7 October 2007, SAP announced
that it would acquire Business Objects, the market leader in business intelligence software, for
$6.8Bn.
Oracle and SAP
From 1988 Oracle Corporation and the German company SAP AG had a decade-long history of
cooperation, beginning with the integration of SAP's R/3 enterprise application suite with
Oracle's relational database products. The marketplace regarded the two firms' products as
complementing one another, rather than as substitutes. Despite the current SAP partnership with
Microsoft, and the increasing integration of SAP applications with Microsoft products (such as
Microsoft SQL Server, a competitor to Oracle Database), Oracle and SAP continue their

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cooperation. According to Oracle Corporation, the majority of SAP's customers use Oracle
databases.
In recent years, however, competition between Oracle and SAP has increased, and as a result, the
rivalry between the two companies has grown, even developing into a feud between the co-
founders of the two companies, where one party would frequently voice strong negative
comments about the other company.
In 2004 Oracle began to increase its interest in the enterprise-applications market (in 1989,
Oracle had already released Oracle Financials). A series of acquisitions by Oracle Corporation
began, most notably those of PeopleSoft, Siebel Systems and Hyperion.
SAP recognized that Oracle had started to become a competitor in a market where SAP had the
leadership, and saw an opportunity to lure in customers from those companies that Oracle
Corporation had acquired. SAP would offer those customers special discounts on the licenses for
its enterprise applications. Oracle Corporation would resort to a similar strategy, by advising
SAP customers to get "OFF SAP" (a play on the words of the acronym for its middleware
platform "Oracle Fusion for SAP"), and also by providing special discounts on licenses and
services to SAP customers who chose Oracle Corporation products.
Currently Oracle and SAP also compete in the third-party enterprise-software maintenance and
support market (the latter through its recently acquired subsidiary Tomorrow Now). On March
22, 2007, Oracle filed a suit against SAP. The complaint alleged that Tomorrow Now, which
provides discount support for legacy Oracle product lines, used the accounts of former Oracle
customers to systematically download patches and support documents from Oracle's website and
to appropriate them for SAP's use. Some analysts have suggested the suit could form part of a
strategy by Oracle Corporation to decrease competition with SAP in the market for third-party
enterprise software maintenance and support.
On July 3, 2007, SAP admitted that Tomorrow Now employees had made "inappropriate
downloads" from the Oracle support web site. However, it claims that SAP personnel and SAP
customers had no access to Oracle intellectual property via Tomorrow Now. SAP's CEO
Henning Kagermann stated that "Even a single inappropriate download is unacceptable from my
perspective. We regret very much that this occurred." Additionally, SAP announced that it had
"instituted changes" in Tomorrow Now's operational oversight.
Market share according to Gartner Dataquest
Sr. no. Vendor Revenue (million$) Market share (%)
1 SAP 1949 30.33
2 Oracle Applications 1374 21.38
3 The Sage Group 1121 17.44
4 Microsoft Dynamics 916 14.25
5 SSA Global Technologies 464 7.22

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8. Logging on to the System
You can access SAP systems using front-end programs with a variety of designs; for example,
the front end for the SAP Business Information Warehouse (SAP BW) is the Business Explorer
(BEx). All SAP solutions are, however, accessible using a general front-end program, the SAP
GUI (Graphical User Interface). The SAP GUI is the standard program for accessing almost all
SAP solutions. Several variants of the SAP GUI are available; these variants are all graphically
equivalent, but adapted for use in different environments. For the sake of simplicity, further
descriptions refer to the SAP GUI for the Windows environment. The SAP GUI program
connects the front-end computer with a specific SAP system. Theoretically, you can specify the
SAP system required at the command-line level when calling the SAP GUI program; in practice,
you never need to do this. For starting SAP GUI, SAP provides another program: SAP Logon.
When you call up SAP Logon, it displays a list of SAP systems for which you can start the logon
process. This list derives from a file on the front-end computer: saplogon.ini. This file is
normally preconfigured centrally and made available to end users. During logon, the SAP Logon
program also enables logon load distribution using there sources available for the system
selected.
When logging on to an SAP system, you will be prompted to enter the following information:
user and password. If you have implemented a SingleSignOn (SSO) solution, you may not need
to enter this information. You also have the option of specifying a client when logging on; the
client field usually already contains an appropriate default value. When logging on, you can
select a logon language supported by that system. SAP systems can support a large number of
languages, the minimum being English and one other selected language. The number of installed
languages determines which languages your system supports. On the logon screen, you also have
the option of using the new password pushbutton to change your password, at the most once per
day. Your system administrator can add additional text to your logon screen.

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9. The logon screen for an SAP system
User data is stored in the system by client, that is, you can, for instance, log on to client 800 in
your system, but you will not have a user for client 200, even if your system has a client 810.
The data for a particular user within a client is called the user master record. Multiple logons
are logged as of SAP R/3 4.7. This is for reasons of both security and licensing. If the same user
logs on more than once, then for each subsequent logon, the system displays a warning message
that offers the user the following three options:
y Continue with this logon and end any other logons in the system
y Continue with this logon without ending any other logons in the system (this is Logged)
y Terminate this Logon
Once you have logged on successfully, the initial screen of the SAP system appears; this screen
is also known as the SAP EASY ACCESS SCREEN.

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10.Screen Structure
The SAP Easy Access screen is the default initial screen in SAP systems. The left side of the
screen contains a tree hierarchy of the menus available to you in the SAP system; you can use the
right side of the screen to display your company logo. This graphic is made available centrally
by your system administrator and cannot be customized by individual users.
You can find a detailed description of how to configure the graphic in SAP Easy Access under
Extras ĺ Administration information (if you have the correct authorization). Please note that
the graphic is stored in the system and transported to the front end every time a user logs on.
Although it is transported in compressed form, the graphic should not exceed 20 KB. You can
also prevent the graphic from being displayed by either choosing the setting Low Speed
Connection in the SAP Logon program (see SAP Note 161053), or by using Extras ĺ Settings
in the SAP Easy Access screen. You can display a typical screen (with various elements) by, for
example, choosing System ĺ User profile ĺ Own data, followed by the Defaults tab page.
You will then see this screen with the data for your own user:

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An SAP screen can contain the following simple screen elements:
y Command field: you can start applications directly by entering their transaction code in
the command field (this is hidden as default). You can find the transaction code for an
application either in the overview menu on the SAP Easy Access screen, in the status bar
(see below), or in the application itself under System ĺ Status.
y Menu bar: the menu bar is the top line of any primary window in the SAP system. The
menus shown here depend on which application you are in. These menus may also
contain cascading menus.
y Standard toolbar: The pushbuttons in the standard toolbar are shown on every SAP
screen. If they are not available in an application, pushbuttons that you cannot use on that
screen are deactivated. If you place the cursor over a pushbutton for a short time, the
system displays a flag with the name or function of the pushbutton. If appropriate, the
corresponding function key setting is also displayed.
y Title bar: the title bar names the function that you are currently in.
y Application toolbar: this shows the pushbuttons available in the application that you are
currently in.
y Checkboxes: checkboxes allow you to select several options from a group of fields.
y Tab: this allows you to organize several screen areas to improve clarity.
y Status bar: the status bar displays information on the current system status, such as
warnings and errors. You can also change the display variant to show, for example, the
transaction code of the transaction you are currently in. Other elements include, for
example, input fields and pushbuttons.

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11.ENTERPRISE STRUCTURE OF SAP FICO
SAP enterprise structure is organizational structure that represents an enterprise in SAP
R/3 system. It consists of some organizational units which, for legal reason or for other
specific business-related reason or purposes, are grouped together. Organizational units
include legal company entities, sales offices, profit centers, etc. Organizational units
handle specific business functions. Organizational units may be assigned to a single
module (such as a sales organization assigned to Sales and Distribution (SD) module, or
to several modules (such as a plant assigned to Materials Management (MM) and
Production Planning (PP) module). SAP R/3 system can represent a complex enterprise
structure. Its flexibility can integrate the structure of an enterprise by linking its
organizational unit. Enterprise structure design is a fundamental process in a SAP
implementation project. The design is mainly determined by the business scenarios
performed in an enterprise. Once the design is determined, it will affect many things such
as how to perform a transaction and generate reports on SAP system.
y A Client is the highest-level element of all organizational units in SAP R/3 system. The
client can be an enterprise group with several subsidiaries. An SAP client has its own
master data (Data which is used long-term in the R/3 System for several business
processes such as customers, materials, and vendors master data). In SAP, a client is
represented by a unique 3-digit number.

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y A Company Code is a unit included in the balance sheet of a legally-independent
enterprise. Balance sheets and Profit and Loss statements, required by law, are created at
company code level. The Company Code is the smallest organizational unit for which we
can have an independent accounting department within external accounting, for example,
a company within a corporate group (client). In SAP, a company code is represented by a
unique 4-digit alpha-numeric for a specific client. It is the central organizational element
of Financial Accounting. At least there is one company code in a client. We can set up
several company codes in one client in order to manage various separate legal entities
simultaneously, each with their own balanced set of financial books. Besides company
code, in FICO module there is also another important organizational unit which is
Controlling Area. The Controlling Area is the business unit where Cost Accounting is
carried out. Usually there is a 1:1 relationship between the controlling area and the
company code. For the purpose of company-wide cost accounting, one controlling area
can handle cost accounting for several company codes in one enterprise.
y A plant is the place of production or simply a collection of several locations of material
stocks in close physical proximity. A plant is represented by a unique 4-digit alpha-
numeric for a specific client. Plant is used in Material Management (MM), Production
Planning (PP), and Plant Maintenance (PM) module. A plant is assigned to one company
code.
y A Storage Location is a storage area comprising warehouses in close proximity. A
Storage Location is represented by a unique 4-digit alpha-numeric for a specific plant.
Material stocks can be differentiated within one plant according to storage location
(inventory management). Storage locations are always created for a plant.

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Enterprise Structure
11.1: Define Company
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Enterprise Structure ĺ Definition ĺ Financial Accounting
ĺ Define Company
Transaction Code OX15
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Select
Data provided:
Field Name Description User Action and
Values
Note
Company Company SP04
Company Name Company Name Sonia Punshi
Name of Company 2 Name of Company 2
Street Street Sri Ganganagar
Postal Code Postal Code 335001
City City Delhi
Country Country India
Language Key Language Key En
Currency Currency INR

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11.2: Define Company Code
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Enterprise Structure ĺ Definition ĺ Financial Accounting
ĺ Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code ĺ Edit
Company Code Data
Transaction Code OX02
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
1. Choose
Data provided:
Field Name Description User Action and Values Note
Company Code Company Code SP04
Company Name Company Name Sonia Punshi
City City Delhi
Country Country IN
Currency Currency INR
Language Language EN
2. Choose Address or press Shift+F5 to enter the address details of the company code:

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3. Update the following:
Field Name Description User Action and
Values
Notes
Title Title Company Choose
appropriate Title
Name Name Sonia Punshi Enter the value
Search Term Search Term Sonia Punshi
Street Street D-83, Sector-2
House number House number Enter the value
Postal code Postal code 201301 Enter the value
City City Delhi
Country Country IN Enter the value
Region Region 30 Enter the value
Time zone Time zone India Enter the value
Jurisdiction Code Jurisdiction Code Leave it Blank
Language Language English
Telephone No. Telephone No. 129-4135956 Enter the value
Click on Green tick and Save the Document.
Result
Company code SP04 is created.

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11.3Assign Company Code to Company
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Enterprise Structure ĺ Assignment ĺ Financial
Accounting ĺ Assign company code to company
Transaction Code OX16
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
No. Co Code Company
1 SP04 SONIA PUNSHI
Result:
Company code SP04 is assigned to company SP04.

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11.4Define Fiscal Year Variant
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting (New) ĺ Financial Accounting
Global Settings (New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fiscal Year and
Posting Periods ĺ Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (Maintain
Shortened Fiscal Year)
Transaction Code OB29
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
FV Description No. of Posting Period No. of Special Period
SA Apr.- March 12 4
Click on New entries and fill the data as above and press enter and select fiscal year variant and
double click on periods to enter the following fiscal year detail.
Month Day Period Year shift
1 31 10 -1
2 28 11 -1
3 31 12 -1
4 30 1 0
5 31 2 0
6 30 3 0

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7 31 4 0
8 31 5 0
9 30 6 0
10 31 7 0
11 30 8 0
12 31 9 0
Year Shift: Save year select 0 and Next year select -1.
Save the entries and back.
Result:
Fiscal Year Variant SA is created for the company code SP04

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11.5: Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting (New) ĺ Financial Accounting
Global Settings (New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fiscal Year and
Posting Periods ĺ Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year
Variant
Transaction Code OB37
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On the Change view ³Posting Periods: Define Variants´ Overview screen, make the
following entries.
Field Name Description User Action and Values Note
Variant Variant Key SP04 Enter the input
value
Name Name of the
Variant
SA Enter the input
value
Click on position write the company code and select your fiscal year and save the entries

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11.6: Define Posting Period Variant
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting
Global
Settings (New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fiscal Year and Posting
Periods ĺ Posting Periods ĺ Define Posting Period
Transaction Code OBBO
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
Variant: SP04 NAME: Posting Period variant
Save the entries.
Result:
Posting Period Variant SP04 is created.

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11.7: Open & Close Posting Periods
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting
Global
Settings (New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fiscal Year and Posting
Periods ĺ Posting Periods ĺ Open and Close Posting
Periods
Transaction Code OB52
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
On the Open and Close Posting Periods screen, make the following entries.
Var. A Fr.
A/c
To
A/c
Fr
Per
1
Year To
Per
2
Year Fr.
Per
2
Year To
Per
2
Year
SP04 + 12 2010 12 2010 13 2008 16 2010
Save the entry.
Result:
Posting periods have been maintained for variant SP04.

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11.8: Assign Company Code to Posting Period Variant
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fiscal Year and Posting
Periods ĺ Posting Periods ĺ Assign Variants to Company
Code
Transaction Code OBBP
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Click on position.
Data provided:
On the ³Assign Company Code to Posting Period Variants´ Overview screen, make the
following entries.
Field Name Description User Action and
Values
Note
Co. Code Company Code Key SP04
Variant Posting Period Key SP04
Save the document.

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12. Define Document Number Range
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global Settings
(New) ĺ Document ĺ Document Number Ranges ĺ
Documents in Entry View ĺ Define Document Number
Ranges for Entry View
Transaction Code FBN1
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
1. On the number Range for Accounting Documents screen, enter the company code 5001 and
select the Change Intervals.
2. On the Maintain Number Range Intervals screen, make the following entries by
Selecting Insert Interval push button or press Shift+F1
Result:
Document number range has been created for company code SP04.

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12.1: Define Field Status Group
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global Settings
(New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fields ĺ Define Field Status Variants
Transaction Code OBC4
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data Provided:
FSYV: SK Field status name: Field Status Variant
Enter the document.

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Then double click on Field Status Group
Field Status Group Text
1234 Assets
4567 Liability
7890 Revenue
0123 Expenses
Save the entries.

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12.2: Assign Company Code to Field Status Variant
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global Settings
(New) ĺ Ledgers ĺ Fields ĺ Assign Company Code to
Field Status Variants
Transaction Code OBC5
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Click on position
Data Provided:
On the ³Assign Company Code to Field Status Variant´: Overview screen, make the
following entries.
Field Name Description User Action and Values Note
Co.Cd Company Code
Key
SP04 Defaulted
Company Name Name of the
Company Code
SONIA PUNSHI Defaulted
City DELHI Defaulted
Fld. stat. var. Field Status
Variant Key
SP04 Assign the
Field Status
Variant which
is maintained

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13. Chart of Account
13.1: Define Chart of Accounts as per Indian Requirements
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
ĺ Master Data ĺ G/L Accounts ĺ Preparations ĺ Edit
Chart of Accounts List
Transaction Code OB13
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
On the Change View ³List of All Chart of Accounts´: Overview screen, enter following data:
Field Name Description User Action
and Values
Note
Chart of Accts Chart of Account ID SA
Description Chart of Account
Description
Chart of
accounts
Maintain
Language
Chart of Account
maintenance language
EN ± English Check
Length of GL
account number
No of Digits of
GL Account Code
6 Check for the No.
of Digits for the GL
Controlling
Integration
Creation of Cost Element Cost Elements
Group Chart of
Accts
Assignment of Group
Chart of Account
Status-Blocked Blocking for creation of
new GL Accounts
Unchecked

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13.2: Assign Company Code to Chart of Accounts
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master Data ĺ G/L Accounts ĺ Preparations ĺ Assign
Company Code to Chart of Accounts
Transaction Code OB62
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Click on position
Data provided:
1. On the ³Change view ³Assign Company Code -> Chart of Accounts´: Overview screen,
make the following entries:
Field Name Description User Action and
Values
Note
Company Code Company Code SP04 Display
Company name Company Code
Description
Sonia Punshi Display
City City Delhi Display
Chrt/Act. Chart of Accounts SA Input the
Value
Cty Ch/ act. Country specific
Chart of Accounts
Leave Blank
Save the Document
Result: Chart of Accounts SA has been assigned to company code SP04.

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14. Define Account Groups
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master Data ĺ G/L Accounts ĺ Preparations ĺ Define
Account Group
Transaction Code OBD4
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
1. The following entries should be maintained for chart of account LOI on Change View´
G/L Accounts Groups´: Overview screen.
Chart of Account Account Group Name From Account To Account
SP04 1 Asset 1 1000
SP04 2 Liability 1001 2000
SP04 3 Expenses 2001 3000
SP04 4 Revenue 3001 4000
Save the entries.

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15. Define Retained Earnings Account
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
Master Data ĺ G/L Accounts ĺ Preparations ĺ Define
Retained Earnings Account
Transaction Code OB53
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
Assign a retained earnings account to each P&L account by specifying a P&L statement
account type in the chart of accounts area.
At the end of a fiscal year, the system carries forward the balance of the P&L account to the
retained earnings account. Retained Earnings account is specific to the Chart of
Account.
The following entries maintained for Chat of Account ZCAI on Maintain FI Configuration:
Automatic Posting ± Accounts screen.
Field Name Description User Action &
Values
Note
Chart of
Accounts
Chart of
Accounts
SA Enter Chart of Account
SP04
Transaction Transaction BIL Defaulted and in
display
P & L
statement
Account Type
Symbol to
identification of
P & L statement
Account Type
X Will be assigned to all
Expenses and Revenue
GL Accounts
Account General Ledger
Account
200004 System will carry
forward the Profit or
Save the entries
Result: Retained Earnings account has been created.

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16. Define Tolerance Groups for G/L Accounts
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Open Item Clearing ĺ
Clearing Differences ĺ Define Tolerance Groups for G/L
Accounts
Transaction Code OBA0
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
Enter company code as SP04 and tolerance group description as default.
Save the document entries.
Result:
Tolerance Group for G/L account is maintained for company code SP04

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16.1: Define Tolerance Groups for Employees
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Open Item Clearing ĺ
Clearing Differences ĺ Define Tolerance Groups for
Employees
Transaction Code OBA4
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
1. In this activity, you predefine various amount limits for your employees with which you
determine:
‡ The maximum document amount the employee is authorized to post
‡ The maximum amount the employee can enter as a line item in a customer or
vendor account
‡ The maximum cash discount percentage the employee can grant in a line item
‡ The maximum acceptable tolerance for payment differences for the employee
2. On the Change view ³FI Tolerance Groups for Users´: Overview screen,
select
3. On the New Entries: Details of Added Entries screen, make the following entries:
Field Name Description User Action and
Values
Note
Group Keep blank. No value to
be entered
Company code SAM
Currency INR Defaulted from
Company Code
Amount per
document
5,00,000
Amount per
open item
account item
5,00,000
Cash discount
per line item
10.000%
Amount Revenue: 50.00
Expense: 50.00
Percent Revenue:1%
Expense: 1%
Cash discount
Adj. to
Revenue: Nil
Expense: Nil

44. 44 | P a g e
Save the document entries.
Result:
Tolerance Group for Employees has been defined.

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17. Tax Procedure
17.1: Define Tax Procedure as Per Indian Legal Requirements
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global Settings
(New) ĺ Tax on Sales/Purchases ĺ Basic Settings ĺ Check
Calculation Procedure ĺ Define Procedures
Transaction Code OBYZ
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
o On the Change View ³Procedures´: Overview screen, select procedure ZTAXIN
and choose Control Data in the dialog box.
2. On the Change View ³Control Data´: Overview screen, enter tax procedure.

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Data provided:
Step C. type From Act key
100 BASB
110 MWAS 100 MWS
120 MWVS 100 VST
Save the document entries.
Result:
Tax calculation procedure has been defined as per Indian Legal Requirements.

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17.2: Assign Country India to Tax Procedure
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New) ĺ Tax on Sales/Purchases ĺ Basic
Settings ĺ Assign Country to Calculation Procedure
Transaction Code OBBG
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
Assign tax procedure TAXSM to Country India
Save the document entries.
Result:
Tax calculation procedure has been assign as per Indian Legal Requirements.

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18. Define Tax Account
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New) ĺ Tax on Sales/Purchases ĺ Posting ĺ
Define Tax Accounts
Transaction Code
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
Select chart of account and search out tax MWS and click on open and save.
Go to account and select the output tax G/L account and save the document.
Result:
Tax calculation procedure on sale and purchase has been created.

49. 49 | P a g e
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New) ĺ Tax on Sales/Purchases ĺ Posting ĺ
Define Tax Accounts
Transaction Code
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Select chart of account and search input VST and click on open and save.
Go to account and select the input tax G/L account and save the document.
Result: Tax calculation procedure on sale and purchase has been created.

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19. Define Tax Codes
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Financial Accounting Global
Settings (New) ĺ Tax on Sales/Purchases ĺ Calculation
ĺ Define Tax Codes for Sales and Purchases
Transaction Code FTXP
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
1. Select country (IN) India.
2. Maintain Input tax @ 4% and Output tax@12%
Press enter and fill the entries. And save the document and same as output tax@5%

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Link the input tax on G/L account ledger¶s Rent. And save the entries.
Link the input tax on G/L account ledger¶s Income. And save the entries

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20. Define Customer Account Groups
20.1: Define Account Groups with Screen Layout (Customers)
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Customer Accounts ĺ Master Data
ĺ Preparations for Creating Customer Master Data ĺ
Define Account Groups with Screen Layout (Customers)
Transaction Code OBD2
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Choose
Data provided:
1. On the Change View ³Customer Account Groups´ : Overview screen, make the
following entries:
Field Name User Action and Values
Account group SP04
Name Customer of SGNR
Result: Account groups have been specified for the customer master data.

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20.2: Assign Number Ranges to Customer Groups
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Customer Accounts ĺ Master Data
ĺ Preparations for Creating Customer Master Data ĺ
Assign Number Ranges to Customer Account Groups
Transaction Code OBAR
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Click on position
Data provided:
Select number range 06 from the list and assign the same to domestic customer group
SP04.
Save the document entries.
Result: Number range has been assign to customer group.

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21. Creation of Customer
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Customer Accounts ĺ Master Data
ĺ Preparations for Creating Customer Master Data ĺ
Assign Number Ranges to Customer Account Groups
Transaction Code FD01
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
Account group and company code. Press enter.

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Then go to company code data and fill the necessary entries.
Fill the necessary entries and save the document.

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21.1Alternative Reconciliation for Customer Down Payments
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Down
Payment Received ĺ Define Reconciliation Accounts for
Customer Down Payments
Transaction Code OBXR
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On Maintain Accounting configuration: Special G/L ± List, select special G/L indicator µA¶
for down payment. Click on down payment.

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On Maintain Accounting configuration: Special G/L ± Accounts screen, enter reconciliation
account (Debtor) and special G/L account (Advance for customer)
Save the document entries.
Result:
Down payment has been created.

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22. Define Vendor Account Groups
22.1: Define Account Groups with Screen Layout (Vendors)
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Vendor Accounts ĺ Master Data ĺ
Preparations for Creating Vendor Master Data ĺ Define
Account Groups with Screen Layout (Vendors)
Transaction Code OBD3
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On the Change View ³Vendor Account Groups´: Overview screen, select and enter
the following:
Field Name User Action and Values
Account Group SP04
Name Vender of SGNR
Result: Account groups have been specified for the customer master data.

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Number Ranges to Vendor Groups
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Vendor Accounts ĺ Master Data ĺ
Preparations for Creating Vendor Master Data ĺ Assign
Number Ranges for Assign Vendor Accounts
Transaction Code OBAS
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Click on position
Data provided
Select number range 06 from the list and assign the same to domestic vendor group SP04.
Save the document entries.
Result:
Number range has been assign to vendor group.

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22.2: Define Alternative Reconciliation Account for Down Payments
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Down
Payment Made ĺ Define Alternative Reconciliation
Account for Down Payments
Transaction Code OBYR
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On Maintain Accounting configuration: Special G/L ± List, select special G/L indicator µA¶
for down payment. Click on down payment.
On Maintain Accounting configuration: Special G/L ± Accounts screen, enter reconciliation
account (Creditor) and special G/L account (Advance to vender) and save the document
Down payment has been created.

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23. Under and Over Payment
Create a G/L account and select expense ledger and make underpayment. Create a G/L account
and select revenue ledger and make over payment.
Save the document entries.
Result:
Under & Over Payment has been created.

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24. To link Over/under payment G/L to Chart of accounts
Data provided:
T-code: OBXL and select your chart of account and tick in debit and credit then select debit
(under payment) and in credit select over payment.

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25. Cash Discount
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger ĺ Master
Record ĺ G/L Account Individual ĺ Edit G/L
Account Centrally
Transaction Code FSOO
Ledger Create Discount allowed and Discount received
Activity Date
Data provided:
T-Code OBXI selects your chart of account and link the discount allow.
T-Code OBXU selects your chart of account and link the discount receive.
Save the document.
Save the document.

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26. Define Terms of Payment
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Incoming
Invoices/Credit Memos ĺ Maintain Terms of Payment
Transaction Code OBB8
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On the Change View ³Accounting Clerks ³: Overview screen, select and enter
the following data.
Save the document entries.
Result:
Term of Payment has been created.

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Fixed Payment: Insurance, rent fix for month
Data provided:
T-Code FBN1- document no. ranges go to edit intervals.
Add interval- X1 2010 8001 to 9000
T-Code FBD1
Save the document entries.
Result:
Fixed Payment has been created.

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To run entries Automatics
Data provided:
System ± service ± batch input ± session
Block select dbs process
Click on display error only process
Exit
Click on Executive and go to system²Services---Batch Input---Sessions

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Data provided:
Select the whole line and go to process and tick on display only

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27. Park Entry
Data provided:
Invoice entries and then go to post and press post and this document not add in the G/L.
Save the document.

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Delete, check and change of park entries
Data provided:
Go to document list and click on execute and double click on the park entries and Post.

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Then click on 7004 document and open customer vendor invoice entries and post.

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28. Dunning Procedure
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ Accounts Receivable and
Accounts Payable ĺ Business Transactions ĺ Dunning
ĺ Dunning Procedure ĺ Define Dunning Procedure
Transaction Code
Transport Request SP04
Activity Date
Data provided:
Interval in day 10, Number of dunning 3, Due item 1, Tick on standard transaction dunning.

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Data provided:
Tick on always dun and print all item.

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Data provided:
Write dunn level and dunning charges.
Data provided:
Write minimum accounts.

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Data provided:
Write Dunning from in below and back and save the document.
28.1: Run Dunning Procedure
Data provided:
T-Code F150 write run date and double click on parameter and write dunning date and posting
date, company name and customer no then go to additional log customer account no and click on
status and tick on yes then enter. Go to schedule individual write start date , tick on Immediately
then write output device and schedule. Go to dunning print out and write output device then
dunning print out is complete. Go to sample print out write customer account no then click on
print. Go to system then service, output control write output device then click on clock.

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Data provided:
Click on parameter.
Data provided:
Write current date, company code and customer no. then go to additional data.

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Data provided:
Write customer no and go to status and click on yes.
Data provided:
Go to schedule and press enter

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Data provided:
Click on dunning printout and tick on immediately and also write output device.

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Data provided:
Click on sample printout and write output device and customer no.

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29. Automatic Payment Programmer to vendor
Data provided:
T-code: FBZP click on All company codes: write Company code SP04 and Sending company
code SP04 and save it

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Data provided:
New entries and write Company code: SP04 and save the document.
Data provided:
New entries fill the data which are below.
Country code, payment method, description, Payment method classification: - check
Posting details:-document payment SA and save the data.

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Data provided:
New entries, payment method company code then paying company code SP04. Payment method:
d and save the document.
Data provided:
House Bank ICICI, Country IN, Bank Key: 12345
Double click on bank account Company code Sam and House bank ICICI, Account Id SBI5,
Description house bank and bank account no.123301. Currency INR and G/L Account: bank.

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Data provided:
Bank determination
Block select paying company code

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Data provided:
Double click on rating order
Pmt method currency ranking order House bank
D INR 1 ICICI
Data provided:
House bank pmt method currency account id
ICICI D INR IC01
Save the document.

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29.1: Automatic payment transaction run
Data provided:
T-code: F110
Run date: 30.06.2010
ID : SP04
Data provided:
Company code SP04, Pmt method D, date, Vendor (1 to 9999999999) then go to additional log

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Data provided:
Status yes proposal immediately enter
Data provided:
Double click on amount and relocate and payment method D, House Bank ICICI and House
Bank Id IC01 and save and back then payment run.

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29.2: CUSTOMER LINE ITEM DISPLAY

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30. Interest Calculation
Data provided:
Create G/L for Interest and T-Code is FS00
Revenue: Interest received and Interest indicator T-Code OB46
Interest Indicator Name Item interest Interest calculation type
SP Item Interest P
Data provided:
Maintain General setting T-code is OB82. Write interest indicator and calendar type G.

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Data provided:
Maintain reference interest rate and T-code is OBAC Fill following interest data.
Ref int. rate: SS, Define reference interest Rate, Long text: Interest, short text: Int.
Date from: 01:04:2010 Currency: INR
Data provided:
Maintain: Interest rate, Reference: SONIA, Short text: Int., Effective from: 01.04.2010, Int. rate:
10

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Data provided:
Assign reference interest rate to interest indicator, T-code: OB81, Int. indicator: SP, Currency:
INR, Effective From: 01.04.2010, Sequential Number: 01, Term: debit interest arrears int.
calendar, Interest reference: SONIA.
Data provided:
Assign Int. G/L to Automatic Posting. And T-code: OB41, Click on Account,
Account: Chart of Account, G/L: Interest Receive, Currency: INR, Acc. Symbol: 001

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30.1: Run Interest Calculation
Data provided:
T-code: F.2B, Customer account: Change in Customer Master data T-code FD01, Company code
SP04, Further selection: Calculation period, Interest indicator, Go in multiple delete all and back
Posting control: Batch input session name: Sonia, Date: 26.06.2010

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31. Define Controlling Area
IMG Menu Enterprise Structure ĺ Definition ĺ Controlling ĺ
Maintain Controlling Area
Transaction Code OX06
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided
1. In the Choose activity, choose ³Maintain Controlling Area´.
2. On the Change View µBasic Data¶ overview screen, select New Entries.
3. Enter controlling area code, name, and select assignment control from the drop down list,
select currency type and currency.
4. Select µActivate Components¶.
5. Mark Component Active for Cost Centers, order management, and commit
management.
6. Activate check boxes for Profit Center Accounting, Projects, Sales Order, Cost Objects.
And W. Commit mgmt.

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32. INVOICE ENRIES OF ALL TRANSACTONS
Data Provided:
Describe in picture T-code FS50

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Data Provided: Customer invoice
Describe in picture T-code FB70

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Data Provided: Vendor invoice
Describe in picture T-code FB60

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Data provided: customer invoice of tax
Describe in picture T-code FB70

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Data provided: vendor invoice of tax
Describe in picture T-code FB60

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33. CARRY FORWARD RECEIVABLE / PAYABLE:
T-CODE: /NF.07

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33.1: BALANCE CARRY FORWARD LEDGER
T-CODE: /NF.76

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34. Define Financial Statement Versions
Function / Object / Organizational element
IMG Menu Financial Accounting ĺ General Ledger Accounting (New)
ĺ Master Data ĺ G/L Accounts ĺ Define Financial
Statement Versions
Transaction Code OB58
Transport Request SONIA PUNSHI
Activity Date
Data provided:
On the Change View ³Financial Statement Versions´: Details screen, enter the following:
Fin.
Stat.
Version
Name Maint.
Language
Item
Keys
Auto
Chart
of
A/C
Grp
A/C
No.
Fun.
Area
Perm.
LOI Financial
Statement Version
for SAM
EN TICK SA Leave
Blank
Leave
Blank
Select

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Select Liabilities and click
Enter all the items related to liability and check the boxes for display total.
Select Current Liabilities and click
Similarly select Assets and click
Result
Financial Statement Version has been created.

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34.1: To see the financial balance sheet
Data provided:
T-code: F.01

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Limitations:
High understanding of the process.
Time consuming for implementation.
Huge documentation.
Not easy to understand.
Any user can change data of other users.
If there is any error in any transaction it will affect other transaction.

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Conclusion
SAP provides user friendly environment, integration of data, flexible
Structure and real time information for the users.
The best part of SAP is accessibility.
Data can be access any time whenever required.
One user can check all data.
Every organization can use SAP for their operations.

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Bibliography
I have gathered all data from the SAP Help Menu various websites like:
www.sap.com
www.thespot4sap.com
www.sap-img.com
www.sdn.sap.com
www.sap.ittoolbox.com
www.en.wikipedia.org/SAP_AG
www.SAP.com/India
www.nickmutt.com