The nervous system has several key functions including controlling the respiratory center and relaying information about stimuli like pain, hunger, and full bladders. The nervous system receives information through nerve cells, interprets it, and causes the body to respond. Nerve cells are made up of dendrites that receive stimuli, an axon that carries impulses, and a nucleus. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and peripheral nerves. The autonomic nervous system has sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions that control involuntary functions.

1. The Nervous System

2. Role of the nervous system respiratory center defense (ex: pain stimuli) relay information (ex: hunger, full bladder)

3. Functions of the nervous system receives information interprets the information makes the body respond or react

4. Nerve cell

5. Structure and Functions –Nerve cell also called neuron scattered throughout the body born with all the neurons that you would need (none grows or regenerates)

6. Parts of a neuron dendrites axon nucleus cytoplasm interneurons* *HW: 1) What are interneurons? 2) What is a soma/perikaryon?

7. Axon threadlike structure carries impulses away from the nerve cell body may have a myelin sheath (myelinated)

8. Dendrites looks like fibers branching out receives impulses or stimuli

9. Afferent or Efferent? Sensory or Motor? Pick up information, sends it to CNS From CNS, sends out orders

10. Structure and Functions- Neuroglia Also called glia Does not transmit impulses For protection and nourishment

11. Kinds of Glia Astrocytes –pass nutrients between blood capillaries and neurons Microglia – engulf foreign materials and bacteria Oligodendroglia, Schwann cells*- insulate axons of neurons *HW: Are oligodendroglia and Schwann cells the same thing?

13. Central nervous system brain spinal cord

14. Brain cerebrum cerebellum brain stem diencephalon

15. Spinal Cord

16. Peripheral Nervous System cranial nerves spinal nerves peripheral nerves

17. Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Parasympathetic

18. (I) O (II)* O (III) O (IV) T (V) T (VI) A (VII) F (VIII) A (IX) G (X) V (XI) S (XII) H

19. Olfactory (I) – sensory (olfactory) Optic (II) – not a true nerve Oculomotor (III) – motor (extrinsic eye muscles) Trochlear (IV) – motor (extrinsic eye muscles) Trigeminal (V) – sensory &motor (skin of head, teeth, jaws) Abducens (VI) – motor (extrinsic eye muscles) Facial (VII) – sensory (taste buds) & motor (2 nd hyoid arch) Auditory (VIII) – aka octaval; sensory (inner ear) Glossopharyngeal (IX) – sensory (taste buds, gill pouches) & motor (3 rd hyoid arch) Vagus (X) – sensory & motor (mouth, pharynx, viscera) Spinal Accessory (XI) – motor (mastoids, trapezius) Hypoglossal (XII) – motor (hyoid and tongue muscles)