The document summarizes 4K display technology. It discusses the history of 4K, including the first 4K camera in 2003 and support for 4K videos on YouTube in 2010. It describes the motivation for 4K as providing higher resolution than 1080p for closer viewing distances. The document outlines key specifications for 4K including its resolution of 4096x2160 pixels, recording standards, and the recommended REC. 2020 color space. It notes that while 4K technology provides higher quality images, the displays and content are still expensive to produce compared to 1080p.

1. 4K Display Technology

2. Jeevan Ramesh R
S6 CT
4K Display Technology

3. Contents
History Introduction Motivation
Resolution SpecificationUHD & HD Rec 2020 8K Technology
Frame Rate And Digital
Representation Conclusion Expenses

4. History

5. Cinema YouTube
History
The first commercially available 4K camera for
cinematographic purposes was the Dalsa Origin, released
in 2003. The projection of films at 4K resolution at cinemas
began in 2011 .The first 4K home theatre projector was
released by Sony in 2012.
Sony

6. Cinema YouTube
History
YouTube began supporting 4K for video uploads in 2010.
Users could view 4K video by selecting "Original" from the
quality settings until December 2013, when the 2160p
option appeared in the quality menu.
Sony

7. Cinema YouTube
History
Sony is one of the leading studios promoting UHDTV
content, as of 2013 offering a little over 70 movie and
television titles via digital download to a specialized player
that stores and decodes the video.
Sony

8. Introduction

9. Indroduction
 4K is the new big thing in display technology.
 1920 x 1080 resolution - full HD TVs: Image of around 2
megapixels
 UHDTV - 8 megapixel image from hi-resolution cameras.
 4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 4096 x 2160.
 Proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research
Laboratories and defined and approved by the International
Telecommunication Union (ITU).
 It will soon become a format for both broadcast TV and Blu-
ray.

10. Motivation

11. Motivation
 The high definition comes in two flavors which are 720p (HD
ready) and 1080p (Full HD).
 Both standards offer more picture information than the
standard definition formats.
 The more pixels that make up an image, the more detail you
see - and the smoother the appearance of curved and
diagonal lines.
 Ultra HD takes that on to the next level.
 A high pixel count also enables images to go larger before
they break up, which suits the trend to bigger TVs.

12. Motivation
 The real difference between 720p and 1080p is the minimum
viewing distance from TV about two meters.
 Increasing pixel density leads to closer viewing distance
without the pixel grid becoming obvious to viewer.
 A 4K image - or Ultra HD - enables user to sit 1.6m from the
screen.

13. Resolution

14. Resolution Of 4K

15. A 4K Picture

16. UHD 4K
Resolution Specification
 "Ultra High-Definition", or "Ultra HD",
 Have an aspect ratio of at least 16:9
 Can present native video at a minimum resolution of
4096 x 2,160 pixels.
8K

17. UHD 4K
Resolution Specification
 4K UHDTV (2160p) is 4096 pixels wide by 2160 pixels tall
(8.3 megapixels), which is four times more pixels than
1920 x 1080 (2.1 megapixels).
8K

18. UHD 4K
Resolution Specification
 8K UHDTV (4320p) is 7680 pixels wide by 4320 pixels
tall (33 megapixels), which is
sixteen times more pixels than current 1080p HDTV,
which brings it closer to the detail level of 15/70 mm
IMAX.
 The p in 2160p and 4320p stands for progressive scan.
8K

19. UHD 4K
Resolution Specification
 UHD is a resolution of 3840 pixels × 2160 lines (8.3
megapixels, aspect ratio 16:9) and is one of the two
resolutions of ultra high definition television targeted
towards consumer television, the other being FUHD
which is 7680 pixels × 4320 lines (33.2 megapixels).
UHD has twice the horizontal and vertical resolution of
the 1080p HDTV format, with four times as many pixels
overall.
8K

20. Media & Recording

21. Digital Cinema
 The Digital Cinema Initiatives consortium established a
standard resolution of 4096 pixels × 2160 lines (8.8
megapixels, aspect ratio ~17:9) for 4K film projection. This is
the native resolution for DCI-compliant 4K digital projectors
and monitors; pixels are cropped from the top or sides
depending on the aspect ratio of the content being
projected. The DCI 4K standard has twice the horizontal and
vertical resolution of DCI 2K, with four times as many pixels
overall. DCI 4K does not conform to the standard 1080p Full
HD aspect ratio (16:9), so it is not a multiple of the 1080p
display.

22. Recording
 The main advantage of recording video at the 4K standard is that fine
spatial detail is resolved well. This contrasts with 2K resolutions in which
fine detail in hair is displayed poorly. If the final video quality is reduced
to 2K from a 4K recording more detail is apparent than would have
been achieved from a 2K recording. Increased fineness and contrast is
then possible with output to DVD and Blu-ray.

23. Difference Between UHD And 4K
 Technically, "Ultra High Definition" is actually a derivation of
the 4K digital cinema standard. However while your local
multiplex shows images in native 4096 x 2160 4K resolution,
the new Ultra HD consumer format has a slightly lower
resolution of 3840 X 2160.
 This is one reason why some brands prefer not to use the 4K
label at all, sticking with Ultra HD or UHD instead. However,
the numerical shorthand looks likely to stick. As a broad
brush label it's so much snappier!

24. Specifications

25. Sit Back Distance
 4K Ultra HD is a much more intimate viewing experience
than Full HD. In many respects, the best way to view 4K is
analogous to the way we view films in a cinema. Old style
cinemas were shoe-box shaped and most patrons sat
typically 3-5 screen heights away, because that was the most
comfortable viewing distance.
 Consequently, a large 4K screen is probably best viewed at a
distance of between 2-3m

26. REC. 2020 Standard
 Recommendation 2020 defines various
aspects of ultra high definition television
(UHDTV) such as display resolution, frame
rate, chroma subsampling, bit depth, and
color space.
 The wavelength of the Rec. 2020 primary
colors is:
 630 nm for the Red primary color.
 532 nm for the Green primary color
 467 nm for the Blue primary color.

27. Frame Rate And Representation

28. Frame rate & Digital Representation
 Frame rate, also known as frame frequency and frames per
second (FPS), is the frequency (rate) at which an imaging
device produces unique consecutive images called frames.
The term applies equally well to film and video cameras,
computer graphics, and motion capture systems.
 120p, 60p, 59.94p, 50p, 30p, 29.97p, 25p, 24p, 23.976p.
 Only progressive scan frame rates are allowed.
 The NHK is planning for their UHDTV system, Super Hi-
Vision, to use 12-bits per sample RGB.

29. Expensive Technology

30. Expensive is the technology
 The first wave of 4K TVs were large, really large. Both Sony
and LG launched with 84-inch panels Consequently, they
were saddled with price tags in excess of ₹18,00,000 . Not to
be outdone, Samsung weighed in with the 85-inch S9 at
₹33,00,000 , clearly aimed at footballers Generally speaking,
a market-leading 65-inch 4K TV like the Sony KD-65X9005B
will set you back a little over ₹2,00,000... and they're getting
cheaper.

31. Screen Size

32. How small will 4K Ultra HD screens get
 In the short term, screen sizes are likely to stabilise at 55-
inches and upwards. That's because as the screen size
shrinks the advantage of having such a pixel dense display
starts to diminish. There's also an irrefutable relationship
between screen resolution and viewing distances.
 While seating will vary from home to home, generally
speaking a large 4K TV will provide an upgrade for a smaller
1080p screen. However, the 4K resolution will ultimately be
about more than just definition.

33. Growth Of Technology

34. 20132012 2014 2015 2016 2017
0000
3000
2000
1000
*As per Calculations

35. Are 4K televisions future-proof
 While there is no content yet that can take advantage of this
higher 4K frame rate -- apart from PC games -- we consider
HDMI 2.0 a must-have for any 4K TV going forward. In
addition to including it in their 2014 4K TVs, many makers
also offer an upgrade path that enables their 2013 4K TVs to
be upgraded to HDMI 2.0. Compared to 1080p TVs they still
demand a premium.

36. Hang on, what about 8K
 If 4K offers four times the resolution of Full HD, then 8K will
deliver 16 times the definition. 8K screens comprise a
staggering 33 million pixels.This is an order of magnitude
beyond any display technology currently available, and only
one broadcaster, Japanese state owned NHK, has publically
said it intends to commercialise the technology. NHK has
since pledged to shoot and transmit the 2020 Tokyo
Olympics in the format.

37. Conclusion

38. Conclusion
 Complex implementation.
 Requires a large shift in the broadcast and entertainment
infrastructure.
 Currently the only devices to offer Ultra HD play-out are ultra
high resolution PC graphics cards, which typically use a
quartet of SDI or HDMI outputs to deliver 8MP of video.

39. Time For Your QuestionNow,

40. Thank You