4K refers to a display resolution of approximately 4000 pixels wide by 2000 pixels tall and is also known as Ultra HD. It has four times the pixel density of 1080p high definition and provides a clearer picture and closer viewing distances without pixels being visible. While 4K technology provides benefits like improved resolution and color depth, it also faces challenges like a lack of 4K content, high production and transmission bandwidth requirements, and expensive consumer display technologies. Further developments toward 8K with even higher resolutions are also being explored but remain limited by infrastructure and use cases.

1. 4K Display Technology
Guided By:-
Mr.Sailendra Kumar Sonaker
Deptt. Of Information Technology
REC Azamgarh
RAJKIYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
AZAMGARH
Presented By:-
Sandeep kumar
I.T.- Fourth Year
1473613038

2. Presentation Outline
Introduction
History
Common Terms
1080p vs. 4K resolution
Ultra HD TechnicalDetails
Growth of 4K
Advantages
Disadvantages
Hang on, what about8K
Conclusion
References

3. Introduction
of 4096 x 2160
4K is the new big thing in displaytechnology.
4K denotes a very specific display resolution
megapixels and aspect ratio (16:9) .
4K is also known's as Ultra High Definition(UHD).
4k TVs have increased their market share in 2014. Every brand has a few of them
now, but the prices are still above mainstreamlevel.
It will soon become a format for both broadcast TV and Bluray.
1

4. History
4K format was proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories
and defined and approved by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU).
NHK (Japanese: 日 本 放 送 協 会 : Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai, official English
name: Japan Broadcasting Corporation).
The first commercially available 4K camera for cinematographic
purposes was the Dalsa Origin, released in 2003.
The projection of films at 4K resolution at cinemas began in 2011.
The first 4K home theatre projector was released by Sony in 2012.
YouTube began supporting 4K for video uploads in2010.
Users could view 4K video by selecting "Original" from the quality
settings.
videoIn November 2013, YouTube started to use the VP9
compression standard.
VP9 is being developed by Google, which owns YouTube.
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5. Common Terms
Resolution
The resolution of a television is the number of pixels in each dimension that
the TV can display natively.
The higher the resolution, the more details the picture has.
Figure:1- Resolution 4K3

6. Aspect Ratio
The aspect ratio of an image describes the proportional relationship
between its width and its height.
Figure:2- Percentage of Ratio
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7. 1080p vs. 4K resolution
A High Definition TV with 1080p resolution is composed of two million pixels
(1920 x 1080), while a 4K TV (Ultra High Definition) has over eight million
pixels (4096 x 2160).
Therefore, 4K has around four times more resolution than 1080p and produces a
clearer picture.
Increasing pixel density leads to closer viewing distance without the pixel grid
becoming obvious to viewer.
A 4K image - or Ultra HD - enables user to sit 1.6m from thescreen.
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8. 4K Resolution (Ultra HD)
Figure:3- Generation of Resolution by type [1]
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9. 7

10. Ultra HD Technical Details
ITU Recommendation
for Ultra HDTV
ITU-R
Recommendation
BT.2020(also known as
“Rec. 2020″) was posted on the
International Telecommunication
Union (ITU)
website on August 23,
2012.
Rec. 2020 defines various
aspects of ultra high definition
television such as display
resolution, frame rate, color
depth, and color space. Figure:4- Basics8

11. Ultra HD Frame rate
Rec. 2020 allows for Ultra HDTV frame rates of 120p, 60p, 59.94p, 50p, 30p,
29.97p, 25p, 24p, and 23.976p. Only progressive frame rates are allowed.
Ultra HD Color space
The Rec. 2020 color space can reproduce colors that can not be shown
with the Rec. 709 (HDTV) color space.
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The wavelength of the Rec. 2020 primary colors is:
630 nm for the Red primary color.
532 nm for the Green primary color.
467 nm for the Blue primary color.

12. Other Ultra HDTV Details
In addition to the significant upgrade in video quality, sound quality is also
significantly increased with Ultra HDTV. 24 channels of audio can be used with
24 speakers, producing a difference comparable to the Ultra HD video resolution.
Currently, only 3 cameras are able to capture video in Ultra HDTV format, and
can only capture about 20 minutes (requiring 4 terabytes) in a single day.
Needless to say, our current infrastructure is not designed to meet the Ultra
HDTV requirements.
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13. Growth of 4K
Figure:5- Percentage of Growth by type11

14. Advantages
4K standard will improved resolution .
The colour depth may reach 12 colour bits compared to the 10 usual ones of
the Full HD.
Provide Better quality.
The 4k revolution isn't just about quadrupling resolution, it also supports faster
frame rates, insane contrast dynamics ,extended colours and variety of viewing
distances on different screen sizes.
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15. Disadvantages
The content recorded in 4K is still limited .
To transfer videos in 4K it is necessary to have a minimum bandwidth of
25Mbps.
The exported archives are very heavy and take up a lot of space.
The prices of 4K televisions are not accessible for all pockets.
Expensive technology
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16. Hang on, what about 8K
If 4K offers four times the resolution of Full HD, then 8K will deliver 16 times
the definition. 8K screens comprise a staggering 33 million pixels.
This is an order of magnitude beyond any display technology currently
available, and only one broadcaster, Japanese state owned NHK, has
publically said it intends to commercialise the technology.
NHK has since pledged to shoot and transmit the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the
format.
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17. Conclusion
The benefits of 4k and 8k are marginal at best. You have to sit unrealistically
close to see the full detail and you need 4k source material, which is virtually
non-existent.
Requires a large shift in the broadcast and entertainment infrastructure.
Currently the only devices to offer Ultra HD play-out are ultra high resolution
PC graphics cards.
The most important aspects of picture quality are (in order):
1) contrast ratio
2) color saturation,
3) color accuracy,
4) resolution.
Resolution is 4th on the list, so look at other factors first.15

18. References
3) 4K resolution, "Behind the scenes of BT Sport's 4K Ultra HD revolution". Techradar.
Retrieved 23 January 2016.
1) “4K resolution Definition from PC Magazine Encyclopedia". PC Magazine. 1994-12-01.
by Keith Jack 5th Edition.
2) Luckerson, Victor (12 November 2014). "Amazon Will Stream in Ultra-High Def 4K by
January.
4)
need-to-know-about-4k-tv-1048954.
Ultra HD and 4K TV: Everything you need to know,
http://www.techradar.com/news/home-cinema/high-definitionultra-hd- everything-you-
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