The First Vatican Council was summoned by Pope Pius IX in 1869 through the bull Aeterni Patris. Over 800 church leaders attended the first session held in St. Peter's Basilica on December 8, 1869, making it the 28th ecumenical council. The primary purposes of the council were to condemn positions associated with rationalism, liberalism and materialism, as outlined in Pius IX's 1864 Syllabus of Errors, and to define the doctrine of the Church. The council produced two constitutions: Pastor Aeternus defined the primacy and infallibility of the pope, and Dei Filius defined the Catholic belief in the inspiration of the Bible.

1. FIRST VATICAN COUNCIL SUMMONED BY POPE PIUS IX BY THE BULL AETERNI PATRIS FIRST SESSION HELD IN SAINT PETER’S BASILICA ON DECEMBER 8, 1869 28TH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH 800 CHURCH LEADERS ATTENDED.

2. PRIMARY PURPOSE TO OBTAIN CONFIRMATION OF THE POSITION HE HAD TAKEN IN HIS SYLLABUS OF ERRORS (1864) CONDEMNING A WIDE RANGE OF POSITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH RATIONALISM, LIBERALISM AND MATERIALISM. THE SYLLABUS OF ERRORS ( Syllabus Errorum ) ISSUED BY POPE PIUS IX IN 1864, CONDEMNING CONCEPTS SUCH AS FREEDOM OF RELIGION AND THE SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE

3. PURPOSE OF THE COUNCIL BESIDES THE CONDEMNATION TO DEFINE THE DOCTRINE CONCERNING THE CHURCH

4. Dei Filius , the Dogmatic Constitution On The Catholic Faith DEFINED THE SENSE IN WHICH CATHOLICS BELIEVE THE BIBLE IS INSPIRED BY GOD TWO CONSTITUTIONS:

5. Pastor Aeternus , The First Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ DEFINES THE PRIMACY AND INFALLIBILITY OF THE POPE WHEN SOLEMNLY DEFINING DOGMA

6. SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL 1962-1965

7. OPENING POPE JOHN XXIII IN 1962 CLOSING POPE PAUL VI IN 1965

8. THE ITALIAN WORD AGGIORNAMENTO (UPDATING) WAS USED TO CAPTURE THE INTENT OF MODERNIZING THE CHURCH

9. TO THROW OPEN THE WINDOWS OF THE CHURCH SO THAT WE CAN SEE OUT AND THE PEOPLE CAN SEE IN

10. TO INTEGRATE MODERN HUMAN EXPERIENCE WITH CHRISTIAN DOGMA

11. TO SEEK NEW WAYS TO ADDRESS CHALLENGES OF POLITICAL, SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES.

12. PURPOSE OF THE COUNCIL: TO REVITALIZE CATHOLICS IN THEIR SPIRITUALITY TO ADAPT CHURCH OBSERVANCES TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE TIMES TO UNITE ALL CHRISTIANS TO STRENGTHEN THE CHURCH’S MISSION TO ALL PEOPLES.

13. DEI VERBUM ( Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation) LUMEN GENTIUM ( Dogmatic Constitution on the Church) GAUDIUM ET SPES ( Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World) SACROSANCTUM CONCILIUM (Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy) OUTCOME OF THE COUNCIL: 4 CONSTITUTIONS

14. 9 DECREES: AD GENTES (MISSION ACTIVITY) APOSTOLICAM ACTUOSITATEM (LAY PEOPLE) CHRISTUS DOMINUS (BISHOPS IN THE CHURCH) INTER MIRIFICA (SOCIAL COMMUNICATION) OPTATAM TOTIUS (PRIESTLY TRAINING) ORIENTALIUM ECCLESIARUM (RENEWAL OF RELIGIOUS LIFE) PRESBYTERORUM ORDINIS (LIFE OF PRIESTS) UNITATIS REDINTEGRATIO (ECUMENISM)

15. 3 DECLARATIONS: DIGNITATIS HUMANAE (RELIGIOUS FREEDOM) GRAVISSIMUM EDUCATIONIS (CHRISTIAN EDUCATION) NOSTRA AETATE (RELATIONS WITH NON-CHRISTIANS)