Open Access is increasingly a determining part of the structures and processes of scholarly communication, particularly in the emerging open science modus operandi, which presupposes the opening of all research components. Currently, most scholarly communication instances, products and services refer to open access in some way. The bibliographic indexes started to identify open access articles. New publishers were created, most commercial publishers started to publish open access journals or offer authors the possibility to publish open access articles in subscription journals. Open access mega journals have appeared. In developing countries, open access journals predominate, with emphasis on the pioneering SciELO Program, publishing open access journals from 1998, four years before the Budapest Open Access Initiative declaration. The preprints modality with open access availability of manuscripts before evaluation and publication in journals grows and new tools appear. Several innovative models have emerged in recent years to promote open access to journal articles, such as library consortia or crowdfunding. There is still difficulty and resistance from publishers in developing financial models that enable open access, and the calculation of article processing charges (APC) remains opaque. But the main force that can make the universalization of open access viable is public policies, the best example being currently the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 program. Before this landscape, this panel will analyze progress already achieved, the promising solutions and the persistent barriers in the routes towards the universalization of open access. Syllabus The classical open access modalities – gold route journals, green route, new models of open access financing, metrics on the status of open access, barriers to the universalization of open access, and open access policies.

1. Universal Open Access
Are we there yet?
Louise Page
Chief Innovation Officer, PLOS
SciELO 20 Anos | 28 September 2018

2. Research is a dynamic process…

3. Twin Problems of Assessment and Access

5. 2017 Highlights

6. Open Access is good bu$ine$$

9. Improve Incentives
• Focus on study design and
methods (not just results)
• Develop better ways to
reward failure
• More and better (article
level) metrics

10. Open Access allows everyone to access
research. Open Data allows everyone
to do research.

11. >100,000
Articles published with a data
availability statement at PLOS
<0.1%
of submissions rejected due to
authors’ unwillingness or inability
to share data
~23%
of submissions use data
repositories
PLOS Open Data Policy, since 2014

12. Mainstream Peer Review Transparency
Peer review can and should be improved:
• Increase transparency of review
• Disaggregate review of specific aspects:
• Rigor vs. importance
• Parallel research outputs (methodology, data,
code, etc.)
• Review as an ongoing process

13. Moving Towards the
Open, Networked Article
• Develop norms for sharing
protocols
• Share other outputs using FAIR
principles
• New forms of commenting and
assessment
• Add credit for fulfilling these
obligations
• Envision something more research-
shaped

14. Build Sustainable Infrastructure
• Support and facilitate FAIR sharing of all research
outputs (especially data)
• Promote open source and embrace interoperable,
open standards and digital identifiers
• Potential of new technologies to leapfrog

16. “The saddest aspect of life right now is that
science gathers knowledge faster than society
gathers wisdom.”
- Isaac Asimov

17. Obrigados.
lpage@plos.org