Good reference

1. Teaching Reading

2. Timeline for teaching
Reading Literacy

3. Definition of Reading Literacy
• Reading literacy is the understanding, using, and
reflecting on written texts, in order to achieve one’s
goals, to develop one’s knowledge and potential, and
to participate in society. (Programme for International
Student Assessment)

4. The Importance of Reading Literacy
• It is the fundamental skill upon which all formal
education depends ( Moats,1999)
Research now shows that a child who doesn't learn the
reading basics early is unlikely to learn them at all. Any child
who doesn't learn to read early and well will not easily master
other skills and knowledge, and is unlikely to ever flourish in
school or in life.
• In Second language learning, reading is fundamental to the
development of full second language competence. It is an excellent
means of vocabulary and grammar development. (Hortwitz,2008)

5. Overview of the Essential
Elements of Reading

6. 1. Phonological and Phonemic Awareness
Phonological awareness
• encompasses a general
awareness of our spoken
language;
• it is the ability to notice
word features such as
rimes- ending sounds and
onsets- initial sounds.
(Vaughn and Linan-
Thompson, 2004)
Phonemic awareness
• the ability to recognize and
manipulate the sequence of
sounds in a word. (Vaughn
and Linan-Thompson, 2004)

7. 2. Phonics and Word Study
The goals of phonics and word study instruction are to teach
children :
a) that there are systematic relationships between letters and
sounds,
b) that written words are composed of letter patterns representing
the sounds of spoken words,
c) that recognizing words quickly and accurately is a way of
obtaining meaning from them, and
d) that they can blend sounds to read words and segment words into
sounds to spell
(Vaughn and Linan-Thompson, 2004)

8. 3. Fluency
According to Vaughn and Linan-Thompson, Fluency
occurs when a child is able to link words together to
obtain the meaning of the text.

9. 4. Vocabulary
Vocabulary refers to the knowledge of words and their
meanings. A large vocabulary aids in understanding the
text and provides clues for unknown words. (Vaughn
and Linan-Thompson, 2004)

10. 5. Comprehension
Reading Rockets defined Comprehension as the
understanding and interpretation of what is read. It is
the sole purpose for reading. We read because we
wanted to comprehend what the written material says.

11. Ideal Timeline for Teaching
Reading Literacy
Adopted from Sharon Vaughn and Sylvia Linan-
Thompson’s Research-Based Methods of Reading
Instruction, Grades K–3

14. References:
• Horwitz, E. (2008). Becoming a Language Teacher.
United States of America: Peason Education Inc.
• Juel, C. (1991). Beginning reading. In R. Barr, M. L.
Kamil, P. B. Mosenthal, & P. D. Pearson (Eds.),
Handbook of reading research (pp. 759-788). New
York: Longman.
• Moats, L. C. (1996). Teaching Readind is Rocket
Science.
• Vaughn, S., & Linan-Thompson, S. (2004). Research
Based method of Reading Instruction.
Horwitz, E. (2008). Becoming a Language Teacher. United States of America: Peason Education Inc.
Moats, L. C. (1996). Teaching Readind is Rocket Science.
Vaughn, S., & Linan-Thompson, S. (2004). Research Based method of Reading Instruction.

15. References:
• http://www.readingrockets.org/article/reading-and-
scaffolding-expository-texts
• http://www.readingrockets.org/helping/target/vocabulary
• http://www.readingrockets.org/article/what-effective-
comprehension-instruction
• http://www.readingrockets.org/helping/target/phonologicalp
honemic
Horwitz, E. (2008). Becoming a Language Teacher. United States of America: Peason Education Inc.
Moats, L. C. (1996). Teaching Readind is Rocket Science.
Vaughn, S., & Linan-Thompson, S. (2004). Research Based method of Reading Instruction.