3.Arduino projects.pptx
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Pulse-width modulation (PWM) can be used to generate analog-like output voltages from digital pins. PWM works by rapidly switching a pin between on and off to simulate voltages between 0V and 5V. Arduino boards have PWM-enabled pins marked with a ~ symbol that can output values from 0-255. Connecting an LED to a PWM pin with a resistor allows dimming the LED by varying the duty cycle of the on/off pulses. Pull-up and pull-down resistors are used on digital input pins to prevent floating inputs by defaulting high or low when buttons are not pressed.
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AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP AND MORNING ALARM
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LIGHT DETECTOR USING NAND GATE
This project report describes building a light detector circuit using a NAND gate integrated circuit. The circuit uses a light dependent resistor (LDR) and resistors in a voltage divider configuration to produce different logic levels at the inputs of the NAND gate depending on light conditions. When dark, the LDR has high resistance and the NAND gate output is low, turning off an LED. When light, the LDR resistance drops and the NAND gate output goes high, powering the LED. The circuit exploits how an LDR's resistance changes with light to effectively detect light and dark conditions.
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A clap switch circuit uses a condenser microphone, transistor, 555 timer IC, LED, and battery to turn on lights or appliances when it detects the sound of a clap. The microphone converts sound into an electrical signal that triggers the transistor and 555 timer IC, causing the LED to illuminate anything connected to the circuit like a light bulb. This provides a hands-free way to operate devices that can benefit elderly or mobility-impaired users.
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This document describes a predefined hardware system that can help manage household power usage. The key components are:
- A microcontroller (ATMEGA32) that acts as the central processing unit.
- An LCD display to show outputs and messages.
- Sensors like LDR and LM35 to detect light levels and temperature.
- Actuators like relays and motors controlled by an L298 motor driver circuit.
- Voltage regulators like 7805 to provide stable 5V power from a higher input voltage.
The system uses light and temperature sensors to detect conditions and then controls actuators like lights and fans using the microcontroller and motor driver accordingly to help optimize power usage.
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A clap switch circuit uses a condenser microphone, transistor, 555 timer IC, LED, and battery to turn on lights or appliances when it detects the sound of a clap. The microphone converts sound into an electrical signal that triggers the transistor and 555 timer IC, causing the LED to illuminate anything connected to the circuit like a light bulb. This provides a hands-free way to operate devices that can benefit elderly or mobility-impaired users.
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This document describes a predefined hardware system that can help manage household power usage. The key components are:
- A microcontroller (ATMEGA32) that acts as the central processing unit.
- An LCD display to show outputs and messages.
- Sensors like LDR and LM35 to detect light levels and temperature.
- Actuators like relays and motors controlled by an L298 motor driver circuit.
- Voltage regulators like 7805 to provide stable 5V power from a higher input voltage.
The system uses light and temperature sensors to detect conditions and then controls actuators like lights and fans using the microcontroller and motor driver accordingly to help optimize power usage.
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This circuit works on the principle of sound. Basic electronic components are use to make this circuit.
www.howledge.blogspot.com
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The document describes a clap switch, which uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and convert it into an electrical signal. This signal is amplified by transistors and used to power a relay that switches electrical circuits on or off, allowing loads to be controlled remotely through clapping or other sounds. It is a low-cost and energy efficient way to control appliances without physical switches but could be triggered accidentally by other noises.
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This project aims to create a "Clap On Clap Off" switch circuit for home automation using a condenser microphone, 555 timer IC, D-flip flop, LED, and other basic electronic components. The circuit works by using the microphone to detect clapping sounds and convert them to electrical signals that trigger the 555 timer, acting as a clock pulse for the D-flip flop. This allows the LED to be turned on with the first clap and off with the second clap, functioning as a switch controlled by hand clapping. The total cost of components for the circuit was estimated to be around 247 Taka.
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• IC LM358
• Resistor 1k, 10k, 100k
• 7805 voltage regulator
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• 555 timer IC
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This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a condenser microphone to detect sound and trigger a transistor and 555 timer IC to turn an LED on or off. When sound is detected near the microphone, it is converted to electrical energy, turning the transistor on which then triggers the 555 IC. This allows electrical devices to be controlled remotely just by clapping. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, or radios from across a room without needing to get out of bed. The major advantage is convenience, while the main disadvantage is it may activate on any loud sound.
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This document describes the design of a clap-activated switch circuit. The circuit uses a condenser microphone to pick up sound from clapping and converts it to electrical pulses. These pulses are amplified and used to drive integrated circuit components which change the output state to energize and de-energize a relay, allowing the circuit to switch larger devices. The output state will only change when the circuit receives two claps within a time period determined by the RC component value.
Clap switch
My new upload !!! --> http://www.slideshare.net/choleraparth91/smart-vehicle-ensuring-safe-ride-using-accerolometer-laser-sensor-co-sensor-and-also-with-use-of-gsm-modem-and-solar-panel
Contact & follow me to get PDF & PPT file - https://www.linkedin.com/in/parthcholera/
Email me directly if you want these file !!
choleraparth91@yahoo.com
or
contact me on fb - https://www.facebook.com/choleraparth91
or
https://www.facebook.com/Textivity
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This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses the sound of clapping to turn electrical components on and off. The circuit contains a condenser microphone that detects sound and converts it to an electrical signal, two transistors that amplify the signal, and a 555 timer chip that generates pulses to power an LED when clapping is detected. The circuit demonstrates how sound energy can be converted to electrical energy to remotely control devices without the need for an on/off switch. Potential applications include using the circuit to turn on lights, fans, or other appliances with a clap.
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The document describes a clap switch, which is a switch that can turn an electrical circuit on or off through the detection of sound from clapping. It works by using a microphone to pick up the sound of clapping and converting it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified and used to trigger a flip-flop circuit connected to a relay to switch the circuit. The advantages are that it allows controlling devices remotely through sound and eliminates the need for manual switches, while the disadvantages are that clapping can be cumbersome and the circuit may activate to unwanted sounds without proper filtering.
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This project aims to create a "Clap On Clap Off" switch circuit for home automation using a condenser microphone, 555 timer IC, D-flip flop, LED, and other basic electronic components. The circuit works by using the microphone to detect clapping sounds and convert them to electrical signals that trigger the 555 timer, acting as a clock pulse for the D-flip flop. This allows the LED to be turned on with the first clap and off with the second clap, functioning as a switch controlled by hand clapping. The total cost of components for the circuit was estimated to be around 247 Taka.
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We are going to make a simple clap switch, how to switch on the lights, for a while, with a single clap. This will help us to search some objects in the dark, when you are watching TV or lying on bed etc.
Components
• 1-mic
• BC547 two
• IC LM358
• Resistor 1k, 10k, 100k
• 7805 voltage regulator
• LED
• Buzzer
• 555 timer IC
• 100nf, 10uf capacitor
• Step down transformer.
clap switch project
This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a condenser microphone to detect sound and trigger a transistor and 555 timer IC to turn an LED on or off. When sound is detected near the microphone, it is converted to electrical energy, turning the transistor on which then triggers the 555 IC. This allows electrical devices to be controlled remotely just by clapping. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, or radios from across a room without needing to get out of bed. The major advantage is convenience, while the main disadvantage is it may activate on any loud sound.
CLAP SWITCH
This document describes the design of a clap-activated switch circuit. The circuit uses a condenser microphone to pick up sound from clapping and converts it to electrical pulses. These pulses are amplified and used to drive integrated circuit components which change the output state to energize and de-energize a relay, allowing the circuit to switch larger devices. The output state will only change when the circuit receives two claps within a time period determined by the RC component value.
Clap switch
My new upload !!! --> http://www.slideshare.net/choleraparth91/smart-vehicle-ensuring-safe-ride-using-accerolometer-laser-sensor-co-sensor-and-also-with-use-of-gsm-modem-and-solar-panel
Contact & follow me to get PDF & PPT file - https://www.linkedin.com/in/parthcholera/
Email me directly if you want these file !!
choleraparth91@yahoo.com
or
contact me on fb - https://www.facebook.com/choleraparth91
or
https://www.facebook.com/Textivity
or
message me on - 08097508067
I suggest to go for these project !!! :D :D
Clap switch
The presentation tells you about the Switch witch turn on and turns off automatically with a sound of clap or whitsle.
A Measurements Project on Light Detection sensor
The main aim of this project is to saving system with LDR this is to save the power. We want to save power automatically instead of doing manual. So it’s easy to cost effectiveness. This saved power can be used in some other cases. So in villages, towns etc. we can design intelligent systems for the usage of light or we can also use this to reduce the electricity bill of our home. This project can also be used for security of the houses, banks, etc.
LittleBitsChallange
LittleBits are modular electronic building blocks that are color coded into four categories: Power, Input, Output, and Wires. Power modules must always come first and provide energy to the circuit. Input modules accept signals and pass them to following Output modules, which perform actions like lighting or moving. Wires allow physical separation of modules. The document provides examples of modules like lights, motors, and sensors and instructs designers to use the provided materials to build their own project within 20 minutes in teams of two.
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This document provides instructions for building a clap switch circuit on a breadboard. The circuit uses an electret microphone, 555 timer IC, and 4027 JK flip-flop IC to detect claps and toggle a relay. When the microphone senses a clap, the 555 timer produces a pulse that changes the state of the flip-flop. This switches a transistor on or off, energizing or de-energizing the relay. Clapping toggles the relay each time to switch an external circuit. Diagrams show the circuit components and their breadboard layout. Instructions describe how the circuit works and tips for construction.
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This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses the sound of clapping to turn electrical components on and off. The circuit contains a condenser microphone that detects sound and converts it to an electrical signal, two transistors that amplify the signal, and a 555 timer chip that generates pulses to power an LED when clapping is detected. The circuit demonstrates how sound energy can be converted to electrical energy to remotely control devices without the need for an on/off switch. Potential applications include using the circuit to turn on lights, fans, or other appliances with a clap.
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This document describes a clap switch circuit project submitted by four students. The circuit uses a microphone to detect clapping sounds, which are then amplified and used to toggle a light or other electrical device on and off. The circuit diagram and components are described, including transistors, capacitors, a transformer, and relay. The working principle is that clapping produces an electrical signal that changes the state of a bi-stable multivibrator flip-flop circuit, turning the light or device on or off with each clap. Potential applications include remotely operating lights or electronics for elderly or mobility-impaired individuals.
Indus university
The document describes an automatic street light circuit that uses a light dependent resistor (LDR) to sense light levels and switch a relay that controls a light bulb. When light levels are high during the day, the LDR allows current to flow through a transistor, keeping the relay switched on and the bulb off. At night when light levels drop, the LDR restricts current and switches the transistor off, switching the relay off and turning the bulb on. The circuit automatically controls the light bulb based on ambient light without needing manual operation.
Digitalvoltmeterppt 120914
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This document describes the design of an automatic night lamp using a logic circuit. It includes an introduction describing the purpose and advantages of the system. It then provides a 3 sentence summary of each main section: principles, block diagram, circuit diagram, component descriptions, components used, practical implementation, working, uses, conclusions and applications, and bibliography. The system uses a light dependent resistor and transistors to automatically turn the lamp on when it gets dark and off when it is light outside. It can reduce energy consumption and errors from manual operation.
Clap switch
The document describes a clap switch, which is a switch that can turn an electrical circuit on or off through the detection of sound from clapping. It works by using a microphone to pick up the sound of clapping and converting it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified and used to trigger a flip-flop circuit connected to a relay to switch the circuit. The advantages are that it allows controlling devices remotely through sound and eliminates the need for manual switches, while the disadvantages are that clapping can be cumbersome and the circuit may activate to unwanted sounds without proper filtering.
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Clap switch
This document describes a mini project on a clap switch circuit. The circuit uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and triggers a transistor circuit to turn a light on or off. It consists of an audio amplifier to amplify the sound signal from the microphone. A flip-flop circuit with two transistors changes state each time a clap is detected to control a heavier transistor that switches the light. The circuit works with a 9V battery and has applications for assisting elderly or disabled individuals to remotely control lights or devices through clapping.
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- 3. Pulse-Width Modulation withanalogWrite() So, you have mastered digital control of your pins. This is great for blinking LEDs, controlling relays, and spinning motors at a constant speed. But what if you want to output a voltage other than 0V or 5V? ● Well, you can’t—unless you are using the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) pins on the Due or are using an external DAC chip. ● However, you can get pretty close to generating analog output values by using a trick called pulse-width modulation (PWM). ● you can decrease the voltage being dropped across the resistor, the LED should glow more dimly because less current will flow. ● These pins are marked with a ~ on the board. ● The PWM output is an 8-bit value. In other words, you can write values from 0 to 255. Try using a similar for loop structure to the one you used previously to cycle through varying brightness values.
- 6. pullupor pulldown resistor all digital inputs use a pullup or pulldown resistor to set the “default state” of the input pin. Imagine the circuit without the 10kΩ resistor. In this scenario, the pin would obviously read a high value when the button is pressed. But, what happens when the button is not being pressed? In that scenario, the input pin you would be reading is essentially connected to nothing—the input pin is said to be “floating.” And because the pin is not physically connected to 0V or 5V, reading it could cause unexpected results as electrical noise on nearby pins causes its value to fluctuate between high and low.
- 7. Understanding AnalogandDigitalSignals ● If you want your devices to interface with the world, they will inevitably be interfacing with analog data. ● Consider the projects you completed in the preceding video. You used a switch to control an LED. A switch is a digital input—it has only two possible states: on or off, high or low, 1 or 0. ● The world around you, however, rarely expresses information in only two ways, a Sunlight is not on or off; its brightness varies over the course of a day. Similarly, wind does not just have two states; it gusts at different speeds all the time.
Editor's Notes
- Start camstisia from here
- Start camstisia from here