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The document discusses the PERT (Program/Project Evaluation and Review Technique) approach for project scheduling. PERT treats task durations as probabilistic rather than deterministic, using three time estimates (optimistic, most likely, pessimistic) to model the statistical distribution of possible task durations. This allows it to better handle uncertainty compared to the Critical Path Method (CPM) and is more suitable for research and development projects with limited historical data.
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Principal repayment = Rs. 10 lakhs
DSCR = EBIT / (Interest + Principal repayment)
= Rs. 16.80 lakhs / (Rs. 8.80 lakhs + Rs. 10 lakhs)
= Rs. 16.80 lakhs / Rs. 18.80 lakhs
= 0.89
Therefore, the debt service coverage ratio in year 2 is 0.89.
Csac10[1].p
The document discusses industry evolution and strategic change. It begins by outlining the typical industry life cycle model, which includes introduction, growth, maturity, and decline stages. It then examines two key drivers of industry evolution: demand growth and the creation and diffusion of knowledge. As industries progress through the life cycle, competition shifts from rival technologies to incremental product improvements and process innovations. Industries eventually converge around a dominant design, though the duration of the life cycle varies significantly across industries. Understanding industry life cycles and the factors that drive change can help managers identify opportunities for competitive advantage.
Csac08[1].p
Sears advertised a motor buggy for $395 in 1909 that included tires, axles, a top, lamps, horn, and oil. The buggy was built in Sears' own factory under the supervision of an expert with 15 years of automobile experience. Sears found suppliers that could make frames and other parts for the buggy more cheaply than Sears could make them itself due to the suppliers' larger volumes. By carefully selecting suppliers and building the buggy itself, Sears was able to offer an affordable motor vehicle.
Csac05[1].p
This document provides an outline for a chapter about analyzing resources and capabilities for strategy formulation. It discusses how analyzing a firm's internal resources and capabilities, rather than just focusing on external factors, can provide a more stable basis for long-term strategy. Firms can develop competitive advantage by exploiting their unique portfolio of tangible and intangible resources. The chapter will cover identifying, appraising, and developing a firm's resources and capabilities in order to formulate strategies that create sustainable competitive advantage.
Csac14[1].p
The document discusses how globalization has impacted industry analysis and competitive advantage for multinational corporations. It notes that internationalization has led to more competition as barriers to entry have fallen and national markets are now served by a more diverse set of global competitors. This has driven down industry concentration and profitability in many sectors. It also explains how a firm's competitive advantage is influenced not just by its own resources and capabilities, but also by the national environment in which it operates, such as the availability of key resources in that country.
Csac06[1].p
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3 pert
- 6. Expected time and variance
- 9. Characteristics of a Normal Distribution Mean, median, and mode are equal Normal curve is symmetrical Theoretically, curve extends to infinity a - 5 0 . 4 0 . 3 0 . 2 0 . 1 . 0 x f ( x r a l i t r b u i o n : = 0 , = 1
- 14. Areas Under the Normal Curve - 5 0 . 4 0 . 3 0 . 2 0 . 1 . 0 x f ( x r a l i t r b u i o n : = 0 , = 1
- 18. -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 P(0 <z<. 8) =.2881 EXAMPLE 3 0 <x<. 8 - 5 0 . 4 0 . 3 0 . 2 0 . 1 . 0 x f ( x r a l i t r b u i o n : = 0 ,
- 22. The Statistical Distribution of all Possible Times for an Activity
- 23. Activity Expected Time and Variance
- 28. An AON Network
- 29. An MSP Version of a Sample Problem Network
- 30. A Pert/CPM Network for the Day Care Project
- 31. An MSP Calendar for the Day Care Project, 4/16/00 to 5/27/00
- 32. The Probability of Completing the Project on Time =NORMDIST( D , , ,TRUE)
- 33. The Statistical Distribution of Completion Times of the Path a-b-d-g-h
- 34. Selecting Risk and Finding D NORMINV(probability, , ,TRUE)
- 35. SIMULATION
- 39. Figure 5-27 Precedence Diagramming Conventions
- 41. 3 2 1 6, 7 Inspection and testing 8 11 4 3 4, 5 Install air pollution device 7 9 2 1 3 Install control system 6 7 4 1 3 Build high-temperature burner 5 6 4 2 2 Pour concrete and install frame 4 3 2 1 1 Construct collection stack 3 4 3 2 none Modify roof and floor 2 3 2 1 none Build internal components 1 Pessimistic Duration Most Likely Duration Optimistic Duration Prerequisites Task Description Task ID