The document provides an introduction to sexual and reproductive health. It defines key terms like sexual health, reproductive health, and puberty. It then discusses regional and national trends in the onset of puberty, average age of marriage, and factors affecting the initiation of sexual relations among adolescents. The consequences of early, unprotected sexual activity are outlined. Finally, barriers to adolescents obtaining sexual and reproductive health information and services are described.
"Introduction to Human Sexuality" by Clinical Sexologist Dr. Martha Tara Lee of Eros Coaching for "Symposium - Sex and the Spine: All You Ever Wanted to Know about Sex and the Spine but Were Afraid to Ask" by NSpine as part of SpineWeek, at Marina Bay Sands Expo & Convention Centre on Mon 16 May 2016.
Dr Martha Tara Lee is Founder and Clinical Sexologist of Eros Coaching since 2009. She is a certified sexologist with ACS (American College of Sexologists), as well as a certified sexuality educator with AASECT (American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors, and Therapists). Martha holds a Doctorate in Human Sexuality as well as Certificates in Sex Therapy, Practical Counselling and Life Coaching. She was recognised as one of ‘Top 50 Inspiring Women under 40′ by Her World Singapore in July 2010 and ‘Top 100 Inspiring Women by CozyCot Singapore in March 2011. Website: http://www.eroscoaching.com.
This was a short lecture on teenage pregnancy given during the Phil Pediatric Society Central Visayas chapter Postgraduate Course last November 19, 2015 at the Marriott Hotel, Cebu City.
1. INTRODUCTION: All humans are sexual beings. Regardless of gender, age, race, socioeconomic status, religious beliefs, physical and mental health, or other demographic factors, we express our sexuality in a variety of ways throughout our lives.
2. Meaning and Definition on Sexuality:
1. Capacity for sexual feelings.
2. A person's sexual orientation or preference.
3. The condition of having sex
4. Sexual activity
5. Expression of sexual receptivity or interest especially when excessive
3.Sexuality:
Sexuality the working definition of sexuality is:
“…a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction.
Sexuality is experienced and expressed in thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviours, practices, roles and relationships.
While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, not all of them are always experienced or expressed. Sexuality is influenced by the interaction of biological, psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, legal, historical, religious and spiritual factors.”
(WHO, 2006a)
4.Development of sexuality
At birth: gender assigned. It is common for 18 months old to play with genitals
3years: gender identification. Kids explore and fondle
4-5years: Normal to masturbate
School age: gender role behaviour is learned
6-12years: Identification with gender parent, both parents & kids have concerns & questions about sexuality & reproduction.
In this PPT i have discussed regarding sexuality and sexual health. The sub topics covered under sexuality and sexual health are as under:
1) Introduction
2) Definition of sexuality, human sexuality and sexual health
3) Importance of sexual health
4) Components of sexual health
5) Factor affecting sexual health
This PPT Aims to provide knowledge and Understanding about Sex Education, Important of Sex Education, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Benefits of Sex Education and so on.
"Introduction to Human Sexuality" by Clinical Sexologist Dr. Martha Tara Lee of Eros Coaching for "Symposium - Sex and the Spine: All You Ever Wanted to Know about Sex and the Spine but Were Afraid to Ask" by NSpine as part of SpineWeek, at Marina Bay Sands Expo & Convention Centre on Mon 16 May 2016.
Dr Martha Tara Lee is Founder and Clinical Sexologist of Eros Coaching since 2009. She is a certified sexologist with ACS (American College of Sexologists), as well as a certified sexuality educator with AASECT (American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors, and Therapists). Martha holds a Doctorate in Human Sexuality as well as Certificates in Sex Therapy, Practical Counselling and Life Coaching. She was recognised as one of ‘Top 50 Inspiring Women under 40′ by Her World Singapore in July 2010 and ‘Top 100 Inspiring Women by CozyCot Singapore in March 2011. Website: http://www.eroscoaching.com.
This was a short lecture on teenage pregnancy given during the Phil Pediatric Society Central Visayas chapter Postgraduate Course last November 19, 2015 at the Marriott Hotel, Cebu City.
1. INTRODUCTION: All humans are sexual beings. Regardless of gender, age, race, socioeconomic status, religious beliefs, physical and mental health, or other demographic factors, we express our sexuality in a variety of ways throughout our lives.
2. Meaning and Definition on Sexuality:
1. Capacity for sexual feelings.
2. A person's sexual orientation or preference.
3. The condition of having sex
4. Sexual activity
5. Expression of sexual receptivity or interest especially when excessive
3.Sexuality:
Sexuality the working definition of sexuality is:
“…a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction.
Sexuality is experienced and expressed in thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviours, practices, roles and relationships.
While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, not all of them are always experienced or expressed. Sexuality is influenced by the interaction of biological, psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, legal, historical, religious and spiritual factors.”
(WHO, 2006a)
4.Development of sexuality
At birth: gender assigned. It is common for 18 months old to play with genitals
3years: gender identification. Kids explore and fondle
4-5years: Normal to masturbate
School age: gender role behaviour is learned
6-12years: Identification with gender parent, both parents & kids have concerns & questions about sexuality & reproduction.
In this PPT i have discussed regarding sexuality and sexual health. The sub topics covered under sexuality and sexual health are as under:
1) Introduction
2) Definition of sexuality, human sexuality and sexual health
3) Importance of sexual health
4) Components of sexual health
5) Factor affecting sexual health
This PPT Aims to provide knowledge and Understanding about Sex Education, Important of Sex Education, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Benefits of Sex Education and so on.
aids conference 2016, hiv and aids, hiv interventions, hope program, kenya, nope kenya, people living with hiv, uptake of hiv testing and adherence to hiv treatment
This slide contains information regarding Gender Based Violence. This can be helpful for proficiency level and bachelor level nursing students. Your feedback is highly appreciated. Thank you!
Putting Children First: Session 3.1.C Mokhantso Makoae - Young adolescents se...The Impact Initiative
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
3. INTRODUCTION
Aim of the session
• To provide an overview of the unit including
the objectives.
4. OBJECTIVES
• Describe the regional, national and local trends in
the onset of puberty and the age of marriage and
trends of adolescent fertility
• Describe the factors affecting the initiation of sexual
relations in adolescents
• Identify risk and protective factors that influence
adolescent sexual behaviour
• Outline the consequences of too early, unprotected
sexual activity among adolescents
• Describe the barriers to adolescents obtaining sexual
and reproductive health information and services.
5. DEFINITIONS OF SEXUAL AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
1. Sexual health
• The term sexual health is used to describe the absence of
illness and injury associated with sexual behaviour, and a
sense of sexual well-being. It has been defined as follows: “…
the positive integration of physical, emotional, intellectual
and social aspects of sexuality. Sexuality influences thoughts,
feelings, interactions and actions among individuals, and
motivates people to find love, contact, warmth and intimacy.
It can be expressed in many different ways and is closely
linked to the environment in which people live.” (1)
6. 1. Reproductive Health
• WHO defines reproductive health as “...a state of complete physical, mental and
social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters
relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes.
Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying
and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom
to decide when and how often to do so. Implicit in this last condition are the rights
of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective,
affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as
other methods of their choice for regulation of fertility which are not against the
law, and the right to access appropriate health-care services that will enable
women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with
the best chance of having a healthy infant. In line with the above definition of
reproductive health, reproductive health care is defined as the constellation of
methods, techniques and services that contribute to reproductive health and well-
being by preventing and solving reproductive health problems. It also includes
sexual health, the purpose of which is the enhancement of life and personal
relations, and not merely counselling and care related to reproduction and
sexually transmitted diseases.” (2)
7. 2. Puberty
• Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood into adulthood. It is marked
by dramatic physical, psychological and social changes. The onset of puberty
“announces” an important step on the road to adulthood. Puberty refers to the
physiological changes that occur in early adolescence (sometimes beginning in late
childhood) which result in the development of sexual and reproductive capacity.
Physical growth and development manifest in a growth spurt during which there
are marked changes in the size and shape of the body. Differences between boys
and girls are accentuated. For instance, girls experience breast development and
hip enlargement, whereas in boys, there is the appearance of “man-like”
musculature.
• These changes are accompanied by others such as the appearance of the axillary
and pubic hair in both boys and girls, and the change in the pitch of the voice and
the appearance of facial hair in boys. There is rapid maturation of the sexual
organs. The onset of menstruation and the initiation of sperm production are
important milestones at this time.
9. Aim of the Session
• To remind the participants on the important
physical changes associated with puberty and
to describe global trends in the onset of
puberty and age of marriage.
10. Notable changes at puberty and sexual
maturation
• Growth spurt and changes in body
composition
• Appearance of secondary sexual
characteristics
• Changes in social perceptions and
expectations
11. Girls today are experiencing puberty at a
younger age
• Between the late 1970s and the late 1980s, the average age
of menarche in Kenya fell from 14.4 to 12.9
• In Malawi, the age at first intercourse also appears to be
declining. In the 2004 MDHS, median age at first sexual
intercourse for men aged 20-24 years and 45-49 years was
18.1 and 19.0 respectively.
• Among women, the age at first intercourse does not appear
to be declining. In the 2004 MDHS, median age at first sexual
intercourse for women aged 20-24 years and 45-49 years was
17.4 and 17.6 respectively.
12. Average age at marriage in Malawi.
• The median age at first marriage for
adolescent females aged 20-24 slightly
increased from 17.7 in 1992 to 18.1 in 2004.
• The median age for marriage for men is about
5 years later at 22.9 years.
• While only 22 percent of men are married by
age 20 years, the corresponding proportion
for women is 73%
13. Factors Affecting the Initiation Of Sexual
Relations In Young People
Aim of the session
• To describe the factors affecting initiation of
sexual relations among young people
• To identify risk and protective factors that
influences the sexual behaviour of young
people.
14. Group Work
• Are young people (boys and girls) in your
area / district sexually active?
• If so what is the context in which sexual
activity occurs?
• Are young people (boys and girls) in your
area / district more sexually active than
young people of about 10 years ago? If so
what are the factors contributing to this?
15. Average age at first sexual experience in
Malawi.
Proportion of adolescents w ho have had their first sexual experience
(life table estim ates), by age and gender, 2004 National Adolescent
Survey
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
Proportion
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Age
Female Male
16. Key factors affecting age of first sexual
intercourse
• Too early” marriages continue to persist in
some cultures
• Changing social norms and “controls” on
sexual activity
• Vulnerability of young people to sexual
coercion and rape
• Poverty
17. The Consequences of Too Early,
Unprotected Sexual Activity
Aim of the session
• To outline the consequences of the changing
patterns of sexual activity among young
people.
18. • Given the changing trends/patterns in the
onset of sexual activity, what are the
• Consequences for young people?
• Consequences for babies born to young
people?
• Consequences for their families?
• Consequences for their communities?
19. BARRIERS TO YOUNG PEOPLE
HAVING ACCESS TO SEXUAL
AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE
20. Aim of the session
• To highlight barriers that young people face in
obtaining sexual and reproductive health
information and services, and what could be
done to address them.
21. • Case study 1: Why did Chimwemwe’s status change
from that of a bright 14-year old schoolgirl to that of
a 15-year old single young mother of a premature
baby who is homeless and destitute?
• Case study 2: Why was Malita so unprepared for this
important event in her life?
• What could have been done to enable Chimwemwe
and Malita to obtain the sexual and reproductive
health information and services they needed?