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- 2. Section 5 (e) RA10533 “The curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches such as constructivism, inquiry- based, reflective, collaborative, and integrative.”
- 3. • The aim of AP 10 is not only to answer the question: “Who are we?”. • More importantly, AP 10 aims to immerse ourselves (you and your students) in the process of finding out who we are and what we want to become based on shared experiences of contemporary issues.
- 4. Experiential learning (praxis) as the core pedagogical approach Why? Because political knowledge is best acquired, retained and deepened when it impacts people’s personal and communal lives – often leading to involvement in public affairs.
- 5. Constructivism • We construct meaning based on prior knowledge and experience • Meaning-making • Learning is social • Learning as active
- 6. In a constructivist approach, it is important that we know where our students are coming from but NOT to judge them, but to be able to provide the most suitable learning environment for them to discover what needed to be learned and un-learned.
- 7. CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH • ANECDOTAL RECORDS • CELEBRATION OF LEARNING • EXIT CARD • GRAPHIC ORGANIZER • JOURNAL • ORAL PRESENTATION • PEER ASSESSMENT • PORTFOLIOS • RUBRICS • SIMULATION • PROJECT BASED LEARNING ASSESSMENT IN A CONSTRUCTIVISTCLASSROOM
- 8. Approaches that promote constructivism in the AP 10 classroom • Integrative teaching – cutting across disciplinal lines (interdisciplinary) and learning styles • Reflective – stepping back and analyze their experience to improve future learning • Collaborative – not only among students but more importantly between students, teachers, and their respective community • Inquiry-based – raising questions, posing problems or scenarios and let student discover the answer
- 9. CONTE N T- BASED INSTR UC TION INQUIR Y THEMATI C TEACHI NG GENERI C COMPE TE NCY MODEL IT AIMS TO CONNECT WHAT IS LEARNED IN SCHOOL TO REAL LIFE SITUATIONS, THUS IT IS MORE ON DEVELOPING PROBLEM SOLVING AND DISCUSSIONS OF ISSUES IN THE REAL WORLD. Integrative Approach Make connections of learning across curricula; focuses on connections rather than isolated facts.
- 10. IntegrativeTeaching •THEMATIC TEACHING- THEME HELPS STUDENTS SEE THE MEANINGFUL CONNECTIONS ACROSS DISCIPLINES OR LEARNING AREAS
- 11. REFLECTIVEAPPROACH -TEACHERS ANALYZE THEIR OWN PRACTICE AND UNDERLYING BASIS TO CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE MEANS FOR ACHIEVING THEIR ENDS.
- 12. Strategies- ReflectiveApproach 1. MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATI ON EFFECTIVE USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS THAT UTILIZE A WIDE RANGE OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA, ALLOWING LEARNERS TO REFLECT AFTER THE TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS.
- 13. 2. Drill and Practice Strategies-Reflective Approach GIVES EMPHASIS ON REPETITION AFTER THE LEARNERS REFLECT ON THEIR SKILL OR LEARNING.
- 14. collective learning, learning communities, peer teaching, peer learning or team learning LEARNERS WORK TOGETHER TOWARDS A COMMON GOAL • TEACHERSMUSTFULL YUNDERSTANDLEARNERSPREFERREDLEARNING STYLES. Collaborative Approach
- 15. 1.ONLINE-COLLABORATIVE LEARNING- ACTIVITIES REFLECT CURRENT AND FUTURE NEEDS RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUALS IN A TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED SOCIETY
- 16. 2. JIGSAW METHOD LEARNERS WORK IN A SMALL GROUP ALLOWS INTERACTION WORK INDEPENDENTLY DEVELOP LISTENING , ENGAGEMENT AND EMPATHY SKILLS EFFICIENT WAY TO LEARN CONTENT Strategies- Collaborative Approach
- 17. Strategies- Collaborative Approach 3. THINK-PAIR- SHARE COOPERATIVE DISCUSSION STRATEGY WITH 3 STAGES OF ACTION THIN K •PONDE RS PAI R • GETS A PAIR •PARTAK ES SHARE KNOWLEDGE
- 18. INQUIRY-BASED APPROACH-LEARNERS ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE BY INVESTIGATION. FORMULATE QUESTIONS INVESTIGATE BUILD UNDERSTANDING CREATE MEANING/NEW KNOWLEDGE
- 19. • PLACED IN A SITUATION SIMULATION ROLE PLAYS GAMES • INTERACT MODE Strategies
- 20. Strategies- Inquiry-based Approach DIVERSITY DEMONSTRATION •LESSENS TEACHERS’ ACTIVEROLE •ALLOW LEARNERS TO RESPECT •PROVIDES A CONCRETE/VISUAL WAY OF EXPLAINING THE TOPIC
- 21. Where do we start? Techniques in probing student’s understanding: 1. Predict-observe-explain 2. Graphic organizer, KWLH Chart 3. Mind Mapping and Concept Mapping 4. Concept Cartoons Each module in the LM should have at least one or two of these activities. Can you find them?
- 22. How do we know that they now know? • Learning takes place when what we know is being challenged by new ideas brought about by contemporary experiences. • Cognitive dissonance – a necessary precursor of learning
- 23. Why are we doing this? • meaningful lesson vs meaningful classroom A lesson is meaningful if it provides learners with facts and empirical data and explain how these relate with each other. But if the learner does not find any relevance in learning for learning’s sake, then the classroom is not a meaningful one.
- 24. Therefore, a lesson is meaningful in so far as it effectively provides conceptual knowledge. A classroom is a meaningful when learners see its value beyond what the lessons provide.
- 25. We must offer the AP 10 learners the experience of a meaningful classroom – that coming to class is not pointless but a value in itself. This means that we have to convert our classroom from a theoretical to a more practical one.
- 27. The educational system is one of the major instruments for the maintenance of the culture of silence (education as a practice of domination).
- 28. Therefore, the education process CANNOT be neutral. It either functions as an instrument to facilitate the integration of younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity to it. or It becomes the practice of freedom, the means by which men & women deal critically and creatively with reality & discover how to participate in the transformation of the world.
- 29. AP 10 provides a safe and inclusive space where critical and honest conversations can happen. AP 10 uses relevant experiences that can excite our students to find meaning inside the classroom and eventually ignite them to engage in the political outside.
- 30. Implication to you as a teacher...
- 31. “It is what teachers think, what teachers do, and what teachers are at the level of the classroom that ultimately shapes the kind of learning that young people get.” - Andy Hargreaves and Michael Fullan- PedagogicalApproaches sheryl.pacheco@deped.gov.ph