The document defines expressions as mathematical phrases containing variables and operations. It provides examples of expressions like n - 20, x + 5, and p + 11. The document then explains how to evaluate expressions by substituting values for variables and simplifying. Examples shown are evaluating 6n when n = 3 and when n = 100. Finally, it provides vocabulary terms for mathematical operations and shows how to write word phrases like "50 more than a number" as algebraic expressions.