The document provides an explanation of heat pumps and the principle of refrigeration through a synchronous demonstration teaching science. It begins by eliciting prior knowledge about heat and work. Key points explored include distinguishing between spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, and how heat pumps like refrigerators and air conditioners apply these principles to transfer heat from cooler to warmer areas. The demonstration elaborates on the parts and process of a basic vapor compression refrigeration system. Students are engaged to apply their understanding through examples and a quiz.

1. EVALUATE
EXPLORE EXPLAIN ELABORATE
ENGAGE EXTEND
ELICIT
RepublicofThePhilippines
DepartmentofEducation
Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
BANGUI NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bangui Ilocos Norte
Synchronous Demonstration
Teaching in Science 9
LIEZL E. VALIENTE
TEACHER I

3. What do the pictures below show?
__ __ __ __
ELICIT
H E A T

4. __ __ __ __
What do the pictures below show?
W O R K

5. THERMODYNAMICS
14 letter word
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
What do the pictures below show?

6. Heat is the form of energy that is transferred between
systems or objects with different temperatures . Also
referred to as heat energy or thermal energy. It is
measured in units of energy, usually calories or joules.
Heat and work are two different ways of transferring energy from
one system to another. The the distinction between Heat and
Work is important in the field of thermodynamics. Heat is the
transfer of thermal energy between systems, while work is the
transfer of mechanical energy between two systems.
Thermodynamics is the study of the relations between
heat, work, temperature, and energy. The laws
of thermodynamics describe how the energy in a
system changes and whether the system can perform
useful work on its surroundings.
Physics that deals with the mechanical action or relations
between heat and work

7. 1. Demonstrate that heat can be turned to work;
2. Distinguish processes as spontaneous or non-
spontaneous processes; and
3. Describe how heat pumps ( refrigerator and air
conditioner work;
4. Construct a model to demonstrate that heat can
do work.

8. Heat flows normally from higher temperature to lower temperature.
It does not require any external energy to occur. This is a natural phenomenon
we experience all the time.
ENGAGE
What is the flow of heat on this illustration?
HEAT FLOWS

9. EXPLORE
A spontaneous process is one that occurs on its own, without any energy
input from the outside. Once started, a spontaneous processes proceeds on its own,
without the continuous external help.
No intervention is required because these processes are thermodynamically favorable.
Examples of spontaneous processes are:
A ball will roll
down
an incline
Iron will rust.
ice melts into
water
water flow
downhill

10. EXPLORE
A non-spontaneous processes occurs when heat flows from lower temperature to higher
temperature. It does not take place on its own. It needs continuous external influence.
Once started, a non-spontaneous processes will stop when the
continuous external force is withdrawn.
Flow of water
up a hill
flow of heat from an
air conditioning unit
flow of heat from
inside of a
refrigerator
to the room
diffusion of gas
from low pressure
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that Heat will never of itself flow from a cold
temperature to a hot temperature object.

11. 1. Drying of garlic leaves
2. Breakage of egg
3.Rottening of Food vegetables
4. Cooling of water
5. Water falls
 Spontaneous
 Non- spontaneous
 Spontaneous
 Non-spontaneous
 Spontaneous

12. EXPLAIN
The reverse of a spontaneous process is a nonspontaneous process.
Energy must be added in order for one to occur.
For example, rust doesn't convert back into iron on its own,
a daughter isotope won't return to its parent state.
A reversible process is defined as a process in which the system and
surroundings can be returned to the original conditions from the final state
without producing any changes in the thermodynamics properties of the
universe, if the process is reversed.
Heat
Flows
Heat
Flows

13. 1. Drying of garlic leaves
2. Fixing an eggshell to make it whole
3. Keeping the food fresh from spoilage
4. Cooling of water
5. Flowing the water back to the top
 By using plant press
 By putting them together using
scotch tape
 By putting them inside
the refrigerator
 Heat the water
using a stove
 By using water
pump or motor

14. Guess the Word
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
H E A T P U M P

15. ELABORATE
A Heat pump is a device which pumps heat from
a low temperature source to a high temperature
area with the help of an external source of
energy.
Heat pumps are designed to move thermal
energy opposite to the direction of
spontaneous heat flow by absorbing heat from
a cold space and releasing it to a warmer one.

16. Principles of Refrigeration
• Liquids absorbs heat when changed from liquid to gas.
• Gases give off heat when changed from gas to liquid
Parts of typical single stage vapor compression refrigeration

18.  The refrigerant comes into the compressor
as a low-pressure gas, it is compressed and
then moves out of the compressor as a high-
pressure gas.
 The liquid then moves to the expansion
valve under high pressure. This valve
restricts the flow of the fluid, and lowers its
pressure as it leaves the expansion valve.
 The gas that flows to the
condenser. Here the gas
condenses to a liquid, and
gives off its heat to the outside
air.
The low-pressure liquid
then moves to the
evaporator, where heat
from the inside air is
absorbed and changes it
from a liquid to gas.
1
4
3
2
 As a hot-low pressure gas,
the refrigerant moves to
the compressor where the
entire cycle is repeated.

19. Quiz
Click the Quiz button to edit this object

20. Advantages of Heat Pumps:
Heat pumps are very efficient for heating and cooling
systems and they can significantly reduce the energy costs.
"Heat" is not conserved in this process because it requires
some amount of external energy, such as electricity.
Heat pumps also work extremely efficiently, because they
simply transfer heat, rather than burn fuel to create it and
also help in the reduction of greenhouse emission in
various industry applications.

21. 1.111
1.111
1.111
1.111
1.111
x
Identify whether the following appliances applies the principle of a
heat pump:

23. EXTEND
Direction: Read and analyze the situation below Perform the tasks that
follow.
Your father started backyard breeding organic chicken at home. But he
noticed that the organic chicken hens are not capable of hatching the
eggs. Design and create an incubator that could hatch the eggs. Apply
what you have learned in the previous activity and stay as factual as you
can. Use materials that can be easily obtained from your home and in your
community. You may also use recycled materials. Happy project making!
If you need additional information on how to create an incubator,
you may want to refer to (youtube.com/watch?v=2kcEhRndhKk).

24. Category 4 3 2 1
Knowledge
(40%)
The incubator
demonstrates a
thorough knowledge of
the subject investigated.
The incubator
demonstrates a good
knowledge of the
subject investigated.
The incubator
demonstrates a some
knowledge of the
subject investigated.
The incubator
demonstrates a few
knowledge of the
subject investigated.
Appearance of the
Project
(20%)
The project’s
appearance is
professional and
polished without
distractive elements.
The project’s
appearance is quite
professional and
polished with a few
distractive elements.
The project’s
appearance is somewhat
poor with some
distractive elements.
The project’s
appearance is quite poor
with many distractive
elements.
Content Facts
(25%)
The project content is
exemplary and suggests
the student has
discovered the
important ideas of
his/her topic.
The project content is
good and suggests the
student has discovered
most of the important
facts of his/her topic.
The project content is
fair and suggests the
student has not
discovered most of the
important facts.
The project content is
poor and suggests the
student has not done
sufficient research..
Creativity
(15%)
Project is excellently
presented reflecting
creativity and a lot of
thought.
Good creative effort.
Project is neat and
shows evidence of time
spent on it.
Some attempt was made
to add color and
originality. Project is
neat..
Little attempt was made
to add color and
originality. Project has
sloppy appearance.

25. Thank you for listening! I hope you learned a lot 
HEAT PUMPS & THE
PRINCIPLE OF
REFRIGERATION
OBJECTIVES EXPLORE EXPLAIN ELABORATE
ENGAGE EVALUATE
ELICIT