Richard Clark, Senior Technical Specialist at Morgan is at the 2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference in Shenzhen today to discuss the exponential growth of the lithium-ion battery market and its impact on global graphite supply.
Richard Clark, Senior Technical Specialist at Morgan is at the 2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference in Shenzhen today to discuss the exponential growth of the lithium-ion battery market and its impact on global graphite supply.
Battery grade graphite shortage on horizon as demand rocketsSimon Moores
Feature article from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence's quarterly journal:
Anode demand in China is surging as Beijing turns to lithium ion powered electric buses and cars to solve its air quality problem, a situation now at critical
Rare Earth Magnets: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.John Ormerod
The global permanent magnet market is dominated by rare earth magnets based on the Nd2Fe14B phase accounting for over 60% of total sales. The current status of material development and processing technologies will be reviewed. With the forecast growth in applications e.g. in both ICE and HEV/EV markets, the search for alternatives to the current Nd, Pr and Dy alloy compositions is being pursued. Also microstructure engineering through thermomechanical processing is being developed to enhance magnetic performance with lower rare earth content. In addition recycling strategies for EOL magnets are receiving increased attention. These technologies and market drivers for the rare earth magnet industry will be discussed. An update on the latest status of the Hitachi Metals patent litigation will also be presented.
What’s New in Materials, Applications and PatentsJohn Ormerod
The latest developments in Dy-diffused high temperature NdFeB grades, NdFeB radially oriented rings, Fe16N2, higher energy product bonded magnets and 3D printing will be discussed. An update on the permanent magnet market and application drivers together with the history and latest status of the Hitachi Metals patent litigation will be presented. Magnetic refrigeration systems (MRS) based on the magnetocalorific effect have the potential to be a major new application area for magnetic materials. The recent announcement of a commercial MRS refrigeration display case will be discussed.
Bonded Magnets 2016: Current Status and Future DevelopmentsJohn Ormerod
The global production of rare earth based bonded magnets is estimated to be $750 million in 2015. When the production of ferrite based bonded magnets is included the bonded magnet segment of permanent magnets is a very significant but often overlooked class of permanent magnet materials. In this presentation the main types of current materials and processing steps will be reviewed together with the latest developments in materials and novel manufacturing technologies e.g. additive manufacturing (3D printing). In addition the major applications and market drivers will be discussed.
Permanent Magnet Options: How To Select The Optimum Solution For Your Applica...John Ormerod
The objective of this presentation is give a flavor of the material options available and highlight some of the important factors and point out a few misconceptions when it comes to selecting the best magnet option.
Richard Clark, Senior Technical Specialist at Morgan is at the 2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference in Shenzhen today to discuss the exponential growth of the lithium-ion battery market and its impact on global graphite supply.
Battery grade graphite shortage on horizon as demand rocketsSimon Moores
Feature article from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence's quarterly journal:
Anode demand in China is surging as Beijing turns to lithium ion powered electric buses and cars to solve its air quality problem, a situation now at critical
Rare Earth Magnets: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow.John Ormerod
The global permanent magnet market is dominated by rare earth magnets based on the Nd2Fe14B phase accounting for over 60% of total sales. The current status of material development and processing technologies will be reviewed. With the forecast growth in applications e.g. in both ICE and HEV/EV markets, the search for alternatives to the current Nd, Pr and Dy alloy compositions is being pursued. Also microstructure engineering through thermomechanical processing is being developed to enhance magnetic performance with lower rare earth content. In addition recycling strategies for EOL magnets are receiving increased attention. These technologies and market drivers for the rare earth magnet industry will be discussed. An update on the latest status of the Hitachi Metals patent litigation will also be presented.
What’s New in Materials, Applications and PatentsJohn Ormerod
The latest developments in Dy-diffused high temperature NdFeB grades, NdFeB radially oriented rings, Fe16N2, higher energy product bonded magnets and 3D printing will be discussed. An update on the permanent magnet market and application drivers together with the history and latest status of the Hitachi Metals patent litigation will be presented. Magnetic refrigeration systems (MRS) based on the magnetocalorific effect have the potential to be a major new application area for magnetic materials. The recent announcement of a commercial MRS refrigeration display case will be discussed.
Bonded Magnets 2016: Current Status and Future DevelopmentsJohn Ormerod
The global production of rare earth based bonded magnets is estimated to be $750 million in 2015. When the production of ferrite based bonded magnets is included the bonded magnet segment of permanent magnets is a very significant but often overlooked class of permanent magnet materials. In this presentation the main types of current materials and processing steps will be reviewed together with the latest developments in materials and novel manufacturing technologies e.g. additive manufacturing (3D printing). In addition the major applications and market drivers will be discussed.
Permanent Magnet Options: How To Select The Optimum Solution For Your Applica...John Ormerod
The objective of this presentation is give a flavor of the material options available and highlight some of the important factors and point out a few misconceptions when it comes to selecting the best magnet option.
The global market for calcined alumina is expected to grow from $ 2,186.9 million in 2021 to $ 2,764.7 million in 2026. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% over the forecast period (2021-2026). Some of the market's key participants are Almatis, Alteo, CHALCO, Hindalco, Huber Corporation, ICA, Jingang, Kaiou, Motim, Nabaltec, Nalco, Nippon Light Metal, Shandong Aopeng, Showa Denko, Silkem, Sumitomo Chemical. This report intends to identify significant growth areas and to explore relevant market strategies. This in-depth analysis delves into the global market for calcined alumina. The primary goal of this research is to examine the potential growth areas, significant trends, and the market's impact on the industry. The report also reviews the adoption of calcined alumina in both established and emerging markets.
Global and china carbon fiber and cfrp industry report, 2016 2020ResearchInChina
The global carbon fiber demand amounted to 59,000 tons in 2015. 22%, 62% and 16% of carbon fiber were applied to aerospace, industries, and sports & leisure respectively. Specifically, the demand from industries grew fastest, especially from automobiles, wind power, pressure vessels and other market segments. By 2020, 72% of the global carbon fiber will be used in industries, of which 23% will be adopted by automobiles and 21% by wind power.
Growing demand for high performance, light weight materials in automotive and aerospace industries is expected to remain a key driving factor for the global carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) market.
For More Information Visit - http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/carbon-fiber-market
EIT RM Summit 2020, September 30 [CROCODILE]Jokin Hidalgo
The CROCODILE project will showcase innovative metallurgical systems based on advanced pyro-, hydro-, bio-, iono- and electrometallurgy technologies for the recovery of cobalt and the production of cobalt metal and upstream products from a wide variety of secondary and primary European resources. CROCODILE will demonstrate the synergetic approaches and the integration of the innovative metallurgical systems within existing recovery processes of cobalt from primary and secondary sources at different locations in Europe, to enhance their efficiency, improve their economic and environmental values, and will provide a zero-waste strategy for important waste streams rich in cobalt such as batteries.
2012 market research report on china carbon carbon composite material industrysmarter2011
This 152-page report from QYResearch provides an in-depth analysis of China's carbon carbon composite material industry from 2009-2013. It includes information on industry definitions and classifications, key manufacturers, production capacities, prices, profits, imports/exports, consumption levels, and development trends. The report finds that while China's industry has grown significantly in recent years, it still lags international competitors in terms of technology and competitiveness. It provides recommendations to help Chinese firms enter new markets and improve their positions.
This article discusses the growing demand for graphite and its importance for new technologies like lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells. While China currently dominates graphite production, there are a number of Canadian companies exploring and developing graphite deposits domestically and abroad. Graphite prices have risen in recent years due to growing demand and restricted Chinese exports. The market for graphite is expected to keep growing significantly to meet needs of electric vehicles, renewable energy technologies, and other applications.
This document discusses a project to develop an adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage system for vehicles using carbon sorbents and nanoparticles. The system aims to increase the driving range of natural gas vehicles by 1.5-2.5 times compared to compressed natural gas (CNG) by storing more gas at lower pressures. It also aims to reduce the cost of refueling infrastructure. The project has produced laboratory ANG storage systems and secured partnerships with automakers. Financial projections estimate sales reaching $15 million by 2024 with a payback period of 3 years for the $2.6 million investment.
This document provides an overview of AMG Graphite's investor presentation from June 2015. Some key points:
- AMG Graphite is a leading processor and miner of high-purity natural graphite, with facilities in Germany, Czech Republic, Sri Lanka, China, and mines in Germany, Sri Lanka, and Zimbabwe.
- The company's strategy is to solidify its position as a global leader in natural graphite solutions through an integrated value chain and increasing ownership of raw material sources.
- Growth opportunities include expanding the product portfolio and developing applications in areas like batteries, graphene, and carbon emission reduction technologies.
Graphite Availability and Market Requirements by Fabrizio CortiGraphite Graphite
This document discusses the graphite market and the challenges for suppliers. It notes that Timcal owns natural graphite reserves in Canada, manufactures primary synthetic graphite in Switzerland, and is the only supplier that can offer both natural and synthetic graphite powders. The document states that Timcal knows processing technologies to supply thousands of tons per year of highly processed grades for both product types. It also has the support of its parent company, Imerys, to further develop its reserves, capacity, and processing technologies for natural and synthetic graphite.
Ontario Graphite: Considerations for Financial Investors in Mining Operations as presented at Industrial Minerals Grapihte Conference in December 2011.
Presentation on flake graphite industry at GMP Securities day in London, June 2014
Focuses on the future of the industry in tradition markets like steel refractories and new demand such as Tesla Motors' Gigafactory
Developing Markets for Natural Graphite by George C HawleyGraphite Graphite
This document discusses developing markets for natural graphite. It provides biographical information about the author and their experience working with graphite. Key properties and uses of natural graphite are described, including in lithium-ion batteries, solar panels, fuel cells, and other energy applications. The document also discusses the lithium-ion battery market and components like anodes, noting that natural graphite is a desirable anode material but supply could be constrained as demand increases.
Project shi mo a study of the global graphite market to 2024David McCoy
This document provides an overview of a proposed graphite market study by TZMI. TZMI will conduct primary research including interviews with graphite miners, processors, and customers in China and globally to develop supply and demand models and scenarios for the graphite market from 2012-2024. The study will analyze factors influencing the Chinese and global graphite markets, including industrial consolidation, new energy applications, and macroeconomic trends in China. The deliverables will include an interactive Excel model, a detailed report, and a customized presentation.
Byron Capital Markets: The Growht of the Lithium-ion Battery MarketGraphite Graphite
This document discusses the growth of the lithium-ion battery market and its implications for the demand of graphite. It notes that graphite is the primary material used in lithium-ion battery anodes. Various studies are cited that project significant increases in the demand for graphite to meet the growing lithium-ion battery sector, especially for electric vehicles. Alternative anode materials like silicon are discussed but noted to currently be more expensive and less developed compared to natural graphite.
This document summarizes global graphite resources, production, trade flows, and end uses. It lists major graphite mines around the world, showing their location, ownership, and resource size. The largest reported resource is the Syrah Resources project in Mozambique with over 1 billion tonnes. Global natural flake graphite production in 2012 is estimated at 750,000 tonnes, with China accounting for 73% of production. The main end uses for natural graphite are refractories, foundries, crucibles, lubricants, batteries, and polymers.
Mohit's presentation compared standard motors to energy efficient motors. Energy efficient motors have design improvements that increase operating efficiency by 2-6% over standard motors. They use more copper in windings and thinner laminations to reduce losses. While initially more expensive than standard motors, energy efficient motors save on operating costs and reduce energy consumption. They are well-suited for industrial applications like fans, blowers, and pumps that consume significant energy. Replacing standard motors with energy efficient models can help save energy, money, and reduce environmental impact.
The document is an investor presentation by AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. It provides an overview of AMG's business segments which involve sourcing, processing, and supplying critical raw materials. It discusses AMG's focus on enabling technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and highlights several critical raw materials in its portfolio. The presentation also provides financial highlights such as revenue, EBITDA, gross profit and net debt figures for fiscal years 2015-2016 showing overall growth. It outlines AMG's strategic goals of improving return on capital employed, gross margins, and pursuing growth opportunities while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.
Nemaska Lithium Corporate Presentation Jan 04 2016 FINALVictor Cantore
Nemaska Lithium is developing a lithium project in Quebec, Canada to capitalize on growing demand for lithium. Key points:
- Lithium demand is expected to outstrip supply by 2021 due to growth in lithium-ion batteries. Nemaska's project would help address this shortage.
- Nemaska has a large, high-grade lithium deposit and plans to produce lithium hydroxide and carbonate using a proprietary process. Production costs are expected to be competitive.
- A feasibility study showed strong economics for the project, with an after-tax IRR of 21% and NPV of $412 million using an 8% discount rate.
-
The document summarizes a presentation reviewing opportunities in the photovoltaic (PV) market. It discusses various solar cell technologies, the conference agenda, major players, and impressions. The author met with potential customers and concluded that while depth profile measurements are infrequent, developing a lower-cost system could address PV needs and opportunities exist in niches for higher efficiency materials.
Graphite is a natural form of carbon that occurs in metamorphic rocks. It is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. While China produces 80% of the world's natural graphite, demand is growing due to applications in lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and other technologies. This creates supply risks as China also controls much of the exports. Turkey has many graphite occurrences, mainly of the amorphous type, but also contains deposits that are more crystalline and pure. Production in Turkey was over 18,000 tonnes in 1990 but has declined since, though demand remains high. Low-cost graphite projects and further development in Turkey may help address future supply needs.
The document is an investor presentation by AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. that provides an overview of the company. It discusses AMG's focus on critical raw materials, its global footprint and business segments in critical materials and engineering. The presentation highlights AMG's leadership in enabling technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and its strong capital structure. Financial highlights show increasing revenue, EBITDA, gross profit and decreasing net debt in the third quarter of 2016 compared to the previous year. AMG's strategy is pursuing growth opportunities while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.
The global market for calcined alumina is expected to grow from $ 2,186.9 million in 2021 to $ 2,764.7 million in 2026. The market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.8% over the forecast period (2021-2026). Some of the market's key participants are Almatis, Alteo, CHALCO, Hindalco, Huber Corporation, ICA, Jingang, Kaiou, Motim, Nabaltec, Nalco, Nippon Light Metal, Shandong Aopeng, Showa Denko, Silkem, Sumitomo Chemical. This report intends to identify significant growth areas and to explore relevant market strategies. This in-depth analysis delves into the global market for calcined alumina. The primary goal of this research is to examine the potential growth areas, significant trends, and the market's impact on the industry. The report also reviews the adoption of calcined alumina in both established and emerging markets.
Global and china carbon fiber and cfrp industry report, 2016 2020ResearchInChina
The global carbon fiber demand amounted to 59,000 tons in 2015. 22%, 62% and 16% of carbon fiber were applied to aerospace, industries, and sports & leisure respectively. Specifically, the demand from industries grew fastest, especially from automobiles, wind power, pressure vessels and other market segments. By 2020, 72% of the global carbon fiber will be used in industries, of which 23% will be adopted by automobiles and 21% by wind power.
Growing demand for high performance, light weight materials in automotive and aerospace industries is expected to remain a key driving factor for the global carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) market.
For More Information Visit - http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/carbon-fiber-market
EIT RM Summit 2020, September 30 [CROCODILE]Jokin Hidalgo
The CROCODILE project will showcase innovative metallurgical systems based on advanced pyro-, hydro-, bio-, iono- and electrometallurgy technologies for the recovery of cobalt and the production of cobalt metal and upstream products from a wide variety of secondary and primary European resources. CROCODILE will demonstrate the synergetic approaches and the integration of the innovative metallurgical systems within existing recovery processes of cobalt from primary and secondary sources at different locations in Europe, to enhance their efficiency, improve their economic and environmental values, and will provide a zero-waste strategy for important waste streams rich in cobalt such as batteries.
2012 market research report on china carbon carbon composite material industrysmarter2011
This 152-page report from QYResearch provides an in-depth analysis of China's carbon carbon composite material industry from 2009-2013. It includes information on industry definitions and classifications, key manufacturers, production capacities, prices, profits, imports/exports, consumption levels, and development trends. The report finds that while China's industry has grown significantly in recent years, it still lags international competitors in terms of technology and competitiveness. It provides recommendations to help Chinese firms enter new markets and improve their positions.
This article discusses the growing demand for graphite and its importance for new technologies like lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells. While China currently dominates graphite production, there are a number of Canadian companies exploring and developing graphite deposits domestically and abroad. Graphite prices have risen in recent years due to growing demand and restricted Chinese exports. The market for graphite is expected to keep growing significantly to meet needs of electric vehicles, renewable energy technologies, and other applications.
This document discusses a project to develop an adsorbed natural gas (ANG) storage system for vehicles using carbon sorbents and nanoparticles. The system aims to increase the driving range of natural gas vehicles by 1.5-2.5 times compared to compressed natural gas (CNG) by storing more gas at lower pressures. It also aims to reduce the cost of refueling infrastructure. The project has produced laboratory ANG storage systems and secured partnerships with automakers. Financial projections estimate sales reaching $15 million by 2024 with a payback period of 3 years for the $2.6 million investment.
This document provides an overview of AMG Graphite's investor presentation from June 2015. Some key points:
- AMG Graphite is a leading processor and miner of high-purity natural graphite, with facilities in Germany, Czech Republic, Sri Lanka, China, and mines in Germany, Sri Lanka, and Zimbabwe.
- The company's strategy is to solidify its position as a global leader in natural graphite solutions through an integrated value chain and increasing ownership of raw material sources.
- Growth opportunities include expanding the product portfolio and developing applications in areas like batteries, graphene, and carbon emission reduction technologies.
Graphite Availability and Market Requirements by Fabrizio CortiGraphite Graphite
This document discusses the graphite market and the challenges for suppliers. It notes that Timcal owns natural graphite reserves in Canada, manufactures primary synthetic graphite in Switzerland, and is the only supplier that can offer both natural and synthetic graphite powders. The document states that Timcal knows processing technologies to supply thousands of tons per year of highly processed grades for both product types. It also has the support of its parent company, Imerys, to further develop its reserves, capacity, and processing technologies for natural and synthetic graphite.
Ontario Graphite: Considerations for Financial Investors in Mining Operations as presented at Industrial Minerals Grapihte Conference in December 2011.
Presentation on flake graphite industry at GMP Securities day in London, June 2014
Focuses on the future of the industry in tradition markets like steel refractories and new demand such as Tesla Motors' Gigafactory
Developing Markets for Natural Graphite by George C HawleyGraphite Graphite
This document discusses developing markets for natural graphite. It provides biographical information about the author and their experience working with graphite. Key properties and uses of natural graphite are described, including in lithium-ion batteries, solar panels, fuel cells, and other energy applications. The document also discusses the lithium-ion battery market and components like anodes, noting that natural graphite is a desirable anode material but supply could be constrained as demand increases.
Project shi mo a study of the global graphite market to 2024David McCoy
This document provides an overview of a proposed graphite market study by TZMI. TZMI will conduct primary research including interviews with graphite miners, processors, and customers in China and globally to develop supply and demand models and scenarios for the graphite market from 2012-2024. The study will analyze factors influencing the Chinese and global graphite markets, including industrial consolidation, new energy applications, and macroeconomic trends in China. The deliverables will include an interactive Excel model, a detailed report, and a customized presentation.
Byron Capital Markets: The Growht of the Lithium-ion Battery MarketGraphite Graphite
This document discusses the growth of the lithium-ion battery market and its implications for the demand of graphite. It notes that graphite is the primary material used in lithium-ion battery anodes. Various studies are cited that project significant increases in the demand for graphite to meet the growing lithium-ion battery sector, especially for electric vehicles. Alternative anode materials like silicon are discussed but noted to currently be more expensive and less developed compared to natural graphite.
This document summarizes global graphite resources, production, trade flows, and end uses. It lists major graphite mines around the world, showing their location, ownership, and resource size. The largest reported resource is the Syrah Resources project in Mozambique with over 1 billion tonnes. Global natural flake graphite production in 2012 is estimated at 750,000 tonnes, with China accounting for 73% of production. The main end uses for natural graphite are refractories, foundries, crucibles, lubricants, batteries, and polymers.
Mohit's presentation compared standard motors to energy efficient motors. Energy efficient motors have design improvements that increase operating efficiency by 2-6% over standard motors. They use more copper in windings and thinner laminations to reduce losses. While initially more expensive than standard motors, energy efficient motors save on operating costs and reduce energy consumption. They are well-suited for industrial applications like fans, blowers, and pumps that consume significant energy. Replacing standard motors with energy efficient models can help save energy, money, and reduce environmental impact.
The document is an investor presentation by AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. It provides an overview of AMG's business segments which involve sourcing, processing, and supplying critical raw materials. It discusses AMG's focus on enabling technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and highlights several critical raw materials in its portfolio. The presentation also provides financial highlights such as revenue, EBITDA, gross profit and net debt figures for fiscal years 2015-2016 showing overall growth. It outlines AMG's strategic goals of improving return on capital employed, gross margins, and pursuing growth opportunities while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.
Nemaska Lithium Corporate Presentation Jan 04 2016 FINALVictor Cantore
Nemaska Lithium is developing a lithium project in Quebec, Canada to capitalize on growing demand for lithium. Key points:
- Lithium demand is expected to outstrip supply by 2021 due to growth in lithium-ion batteries. Nemaska's project would help address this shortage.
- Nemaska has a large, high-grade lithium deposit and plans to produce lithium hydroxide and carbonate using a proprietary process. Production costs are expected to be competitive.
- A feasibility study showed strong economics for the project, with an after-tax IRR of 21% and NPV of $412 million using an 8% discount rate.
-
The document summarizes a presentation reviewing opportunities in the photovoltaic (PV) market. It discusses various solar cell technologies, the conference agenda, major players, and impressions. The author met with potential customers and concluded that while depth profile measurements are infrequent, developing a lower-cost system could address PV needs and opportunities exist in niches for higher efficiency materials.
Graphite is a natural form of carbon that occurs in metamorphic rocks. It is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. While China produces 80% of the world's natural graphite, demand is growing due to applications in lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, and other technologies. This creates supply risks as China also controls much of the exports. Turkey has many graphite occurrences, mainly of the amorphous type, but also contains deposits that are more crystalline and pure. Production in Turkey was over 18,000 tonnes in 1990 but has declined since, though demand remains high. Low-cost graphite projects and further development in Turkey may help address future supply needs.
The document is an investor presentation by AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. that provides an overview of the company. It discusses AMG's focus on critical raw materials, its global footprint and business segments in critical materials and engineering. The presentation highlights AMG's leadership in enabling technologies to reduce CO2 emissions and its strong capital structure. Financial highlights show increasing revenue, EBITDA, gross profit and decreasing net debt in the third quarter of 2016 compared to the previous year. AMG's strategy is pursuing growth opportunities while maintaining a conservative balance sheet.
Graphite is an open source tool that allows users to store and graph time-series data. It consists of three main parts - carbon for receiving metrics, whisper for storing metrics data files, and a web UI for graphing and dashboards. Graphite provides a simple way to collect and visualize many different types of application and system performance metrics over time which helps with monitoring, trend analysis, and capacity planning. Data can be fed into Graphite from various sources including scripts, programming languages, and collection agents like Collectd and StatsD. It is widely used for large scale real-time monitoring of hundreds of thousands of metrics per minute.
International Lithium Corp Presents at Vancouver Electric Vehicles Associatio...SlideShare
International Lithium (subsidiary of TNR Gold Corp TNR:TSXV) presents at VEVA June 2010. Includes an overview of the lithium industry, Lithium 101 (what it's about), and great background information on how Lithium is produced.
The Materials Science of Lithium-Ion Batteries (Sept 2014)Andrew Gelston
The document discusses lithium-ion batteries and their materials. It provides an overview of lithium-ion battery components and chemistry, focusing on the commonly used 18650 battery cell format. Key points covered include the anode, cathode, and electrolyte materials used in lithium-ion batteries and how they enable the transfer of lithium ions and electrons. Degradation issues related to cycling and temperature are also summarized.
Plug in the smart energy company - TerniEnergia STAR Conference 2017Italeaf S.p.A.
TERNIENERGIA (TER.MI; ISIN Code IT0004359037), established in September 2005, and part of Italeaf Group, is the first Italian smart energy company, committed to bring worldwide integrated and sustainable energy solutions. Organized into four business lines (Technical services, Energy management, Energy efficiency and Cleantech), with about 500 employees and a geographic presence in almost the continents, with
operational and sales offices, TerniEnergia develops solutions, innovative products and services based on digital and industrial technologies for the energy sector.
TerniEnergia, also through its subsidiaries, shall pursue the objectives of increasing energy production from renewable sources, energy efficiency and emissions reduction, as laid down by European environmental policy, and participates actively in the distributed power generation revolution
and energy smart grids.
TerniEnergia is the ideal partner for large utilities, distributors and grid operators, power producers, public authorities, industrial customers and investors who intends to carry out large projects for the production of renewable energy plants and modern systems with high energy efficiency, solutions for the management and maintenance of the infrastructure and the electrical systems. TerniEnergia, through a complete technological and commercial offer, develops and provides technologies, turn-key services and solutions for energy consumers in the public and private sectors. The company is listed on the STAR segment of the Italian Stock Exchange.
The document summarizes two international conferences on mineral extraction from geothermal brines that were held in 2005 and 2006. The conferences aimed to discuss research, identify issues for commercializing mineral extraction, and facilitate collaboration. Extracting minerals like silica, lithium, manganese, and zinc could yield economic benefits by reducing operating costs, increasing power output, and providing saleable byproducts. The document outlines some uses and market values for these minerals to argue that mineral extraction from geothermal reservoirs deserves further attention and focus.
Batteries are going to be the building block of the smart future currently being envisaged. From a strategic market perspective, a compilation of current and future Li-ion technologies. It is important to understand who are current market leaders in each crucial components of the Li-ion technology and how disruptive technologies will shift the power balance.
Gratomic: Leading the pack in high-quality graphite production raceStephan Bogner
There may never be a more pivotal time to take advantage of the investment opportunity offered within the electric vehicle (EV) supply chain. With lithium carbonate prices having sky-rocketed to what Elon Musk calls “insane levels“, Bloomberg recently noted that lithium prices are showing signs of losing momentum. While all eyes still appear to be on the lithium market at the moment, investors sooner or later may jump on the graphite bandwagon as the fundamentals for this battery-critical mineral are arguably even hotter. As the current lithium supply deficit is forecasted to go back into surplus by 2025, the story looks all the more different for graphite as its supply deficit is expected to more than triple from 10% this year to 32% in 2025. New graphite supply is urgently needed, which is however not as easy as increasing lithium output. When investors realize that graphite is the most crucial bottleneck for global adoption of EVs, graphite exploration and mining companies such as Gratomic Inc. are poised to become the “go-to place“ for the creation of shareholder value in the EV supply chain.
Benchmark Lithium Supply Presentation 2015 by Simon Moores.Kirill Klip
The document discusses the lithium-ion battery supply chain from raw materials to end products. It notes that lithium-ion battery demand is growing rapidly due to increases in electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and grid-scale energy storage. This is placing strain on upstream raw material suppliers of lithium, graphite, and cobalt to keep up with demand. It also describes the construction of large "gigafactories" by companies like Tesla to produce lithium-ion batteries at an industrial scale and forecasts continued growth in the lithium-ion battery market in coming years.
The document discusses the global transition to net zero emissions and the critical minerals required to support clean energy technologies like batteries and energy storage. Key points include: batteries will be crucial for electric vehicles and grid energy storage. Critical minerals like lithium, cobalt, nickel, and graphite are needed for battery cathodes and anodes. The document outlines major global deposits of these minerals and risks to supply. Indonesia has significant nickel and cobalt resources within its ophiolite formations and could be an important producer, but more development is needed.
Graphite mining and the energy transition - Sykes - Nov 2017 - MinEx ConsultingJohn Sykes
This presentation is also available on the MinEx Consulting website, along with a number of other detailed presentations on minerals exploration. All are free to download: http://www.minexconsulting.com/publications/nov2017.html
Clean Technology - Raw Materials - Production and Environmental Impactpaul young cpa, cga
You cannot have clean technology without rare metals, vanadium and lithium
Rare Metals, vanadium and lithium toxicity is very high. China has seen their water and land poison through the mining of rare metals
Clean technology requires material like aluminum, nickel, oil (petrochemicals), etc. in order to be fabricated and installed
Majority of the key clean technology materials are controlled by countries like Russia, China and South Africa
A Canadian mining company owns the large Lola Graphite Deposit in Eastern Guinea, West Africa. The deposit has a surface area of 3.22 km2 and is one of the largest graphite deposits in the world. Preliminary tests found high grades of graphite up to 20% carbon. The company plans a drilling program to establish mineral resources and advance the project to a preliminary feasibility study. The deposit has potential to become a long-life, low-cost producer of large and super-jumbo flake graphite to serve growing demand for batteries and other green technologies.
A Novel Technology for Fracking Wastewater TreatmentGwen Jordaan
MGP Biotechnologies is a company focused on developing a water remediation technology that selectively removes heavy metal from water. We are currently exploring applications of the technology to the fracking industry. In particular, we believe our technology can be used to remove heavy metal from the flowback water. Our technology is a highly efficient, cost effective and sustainable approach to solving the problem of toxic heavy metal contamination.
Ian Chalmers Technical Director
Alister MacDonald General Manager - Marketing
Economics of Rare Earth Projects
This document summarizes the economics of rare earth projects. It discusses the global rare earth market, key applications such as permanent magnets, and demand drivers. It provides an overview of the deposit types, mining and processing requirements, and costs associated with taking a rare earth project from discovery to production. Capital costs can range from $400 million to $2 billion depending on the project. Operating costs and revenues are estimated for different deposit types. Strategic issues are also discussed, including China's dominance of supply and financing challenges for non-Chinese projects.
This document provides an overview and analysis of clean technology raw materials and the Canadian market. It discusses key topics like battery production, lithium, vanadium and graphite production globally and in Canada. It also covers the growing electrical vehicle and energy storage markets. Challenges for Canada include developing raw material resources and supply chains to take advantage of growing demand, while addressing issues like ensuring commercial viability and reducing environmental impacts of resource development projects.
Feature by ResourceClips on Zimtu Capital Corp. (TSXv: ZC). The company has completed a number of transactions surrounding the exploration and development of graphite properties.
This document summarizes information about the graphite market and future demand drivers. It notes that while graphite is currently used in applications like steel production, its use is expected to grow substantially in batteries for electric vehicles and clean energy technologies. Future demand is estimated to increase graphite production from the current 1.1 million tonnes annually to over 2 million tonnes by 2020. China currently dominates production but Canada has potential to expand output from its resources. Junior exploration companies are actively exploring graphite deposits to help meet rising demand.
Industrial markets and applications reviewTechno Service
توفر شركة تكنوسيرفيس مجموعة أجهزة الكشف عن المعادن Thermo Scientific ™ Sentinel ™ والتي تتميز بأداء كشف عالي الحساسية لجودة منتجك ومدي احتمالية العثور على ملوثات معادن حديدية وغير حديدية وأي ملوثات في الأطعمة والمشروبات وغيرها من المنتجات.
باستخدام تقنيات مبتكرة مثل Multiscan ™ و Selectscan ™ ، تساعد أجهزة الكشف عن المعادن Sentinel الشركات المصنعة على زيادة سلامة وصحة العملاء وتحسين جودة المنتج وزيادة كفاءة الإنتاج.
اكتشف معنا كيف يمكن لمجموعة منتجات Sentinel تلبية احتياجات تطبيقاتك.
أهمية وجود أجهزة الكشف المعادن في خط إنتاجك ؟
1️⃣ أصبح الآن من الشروط الأساسية لدي منظمة الصحة والأغذية لحمايه المستهلك.
2️⃣ ضروري لمنح شهادة الأيزو لمنتجك
3️⃣ ضمان استمرارية البراند الخاص بك في السوق وحصوله علي سمعة طيبة نتيجة ضمان الجودة
تستخدم هذه الاجهزه على خطوط انتاج وتعبئه الاغذيه
(مثل المطاحن و مصانع الالبان والحلويات والبسكويت والشيكولاته والمكرونه والمخللات والخضروات والفواكه المجمده والايس كريم ..وغيرها)
مميزات الجهاز:
◀يمكنه الكشف عن المعادن داخل منتجك خلال مراحل عمليه التصنيع حتى التعبئه وبدقه عاليه
◀ يمكنه رفض كل المنتجات المخالفه لمعايير الجوده وسلامه الغذاء
◀ يتميز الجهاز بالشكل الانسيابي وصغر الحجم
◀الجهاز حاصل على شهاده من هيئه سلامه الغذاء FDA
◀ الجهاز حاصل على IP69K لمقاومه الماء
◀ السير مصنوع من اعلى الخامات جوده والتي تتحمل الاوزان الكبيره
◀ سهل برمجته والتدريب عليه وتوافر قطع الغيار والصيانه
◀ ضمان لمده عام كامل
◀ الجهاز به إنذار صوت وضوء
◀ مهندسين متخصصين للتركيب والتدريب علي الجهاز وحاصلين علي شهادات معتمدة من ThermoFisher
تطبيقات اجهزه الكشف عن المعادن والشوائب :
تستهدف اجهزه الكشف عن المعادن والشوائب (metal detectors وال x-ray) كل شركات ومصانع الاغذيه وقطاع سلامه الغذاء وخطوط الانتاج التي تسعى للحصول على شهادات الايزو والجوده .
تسعى تكنوسيرفيس لخدمه جميع عملائها باحترافيه عن طريق مساعدتهم للوصول للنجاح في جميع المجالات السابقه .
just call us 01116593835
http://technoservice-egypt.com/
In order to expand applications into clean technology there is a requirement for rare metals. This presentation looks at clean technology raw materials market including issues facing the market.
This presentation discusses clean technology raw materials, including rare metals production and markets. It notes that China dominates global production of many rare metals essential for clean technologies like electric vehicles and energy storage. The presentation also outlines major lithium, vanadium, graphite, and copper producers and discusses Canada's opportunities and challenges regarding developing its clean technology raw materials sector. It emphasizes the need for a balanced approach between environmental and economic priorities.
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference
1. www.morganadvancedmaterials.com
“The exponential growth of the lithium-ion battery
market and its impact on global graphite supply”
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference
Langham Hotel, Shenzhen, PRC, November 3-4, 2016
Richard Clark richard.clark@morganplc.com
Senior Technical Specialist
2. Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Current markets for natural graphite and usage in LIB
• Growth in Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage markets
• Emerging market opportunities for natural graphite
• The challenges to graphite as an anode material
• Conclusions
2
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
3. Morgan Advanced Materials
Founded in England in 1856
Ticker on LSE: MGAM
2015 revenue: GBP911.8 million (USD1.35 billion,CNY8.8 billion)
2 Divisions and 6 Global Business Units
3
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
4. Focus on technically demanding, growth markets
4
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Energy
Electronics
Healthcare
Transportation
Security and Defence
PetrochemicalIndustrial
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
5. 5
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Morgan Advanced Materials
Global Business Units
Thermal Ceramics
Molten Metal Systems
Electrical Carbon
Seals and Bearings
Technical Ceramics
Composites and Defense
Systems
indicates GBU with one or
more LIB industry solutions
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
6. Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Current markets for natural graphite and usage in LIB
• Growth in Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage markets
• Emerging market opportunities for natural graphite
• The challenges to graphite as an anode material
• Conclusions
6
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
7. Markets for natural graphite
7
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Source: “Natural Graphite: Raw material trends to 2020”, Suzanne Shaw, Roskill Information Services citing Roskill’s Natural and Synthetic Graphite: Global Industry Markets and Outlook, 9th edition 2015, used with permission
Natural graphite 2015: 1.19MT (USGS)
of which China produced 780kT (66%)
World’s inferred resources exceed 800MT
Lithium-Ion batteries in 2015 used c.85kT of
which 58kT was natural…
…but one “Megafactory” is projected to use
93kT of natural graphite from 2020
Other new markets include composites,
electronics, foils and large-scale fuel cells
Not just LIB!
USGS data from: http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/graphite/mcs-2016-graph.pdf
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
8. Perspective versus other LIB materials
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Graphics from “Lithium Ion Battery Key Elements — More Than Just Lithium”, April 13, 2016, Emma Elgqvist, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
(NREL) and Clean Energy Manufacturing Analysis Center (CEMAC), used with permission
Materials mined are reported in metric tons
Total GWh of automotive lithium ion battery cells sold in
2015 was 8.4 GWh based on vehicle sales data and
average pack capacities of HEV’s, PHEV’s, and BEV’s
9. Lithium-ion batteries and use of graphite
9
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Source: Argonne National Laboratory, used under Creative Commons license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode)
• Main battery components
• Anode
• Cathode
• Electrolyte
• Separator
• In the vast majority of LIB, carbonaceous materials are
used in anode and cathode:
• Anode active material
• Anode conductive additive
• Cathode conductive additive
• Most common active material is graphite (natural or
synthetic)
• Most common conductive additive is carbon black
• Main market is electronic devices – but major changes
underway in xEV and ESS markets
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
10. Natural versus synthetic graphite – market size comparison
• Synthetic graphite electrodes (2015): 1.9MT
• China 50% of total
• Isostatic graphite (2015): 0.1MT
• China 35% of total
• Global production of natural graphite: 1.19MT.
• China 66% of total
• Natural graphite for LIB (2015): 0.06MT.
• Synthetic graphite for LIB (2015): 0.02MT.
10
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
11. Technical choice – natural versus synthetic graphite
• Natural graphite:
• Attrition and intensive
purification are required
• Defined material parameters
less flexibility to adjust to
new technology
• Dependent on natural sources.
May vary in properties:
reproducibility potentially an
issue
• Sphericalization needed to
avoid orientation issue
• Must be coated
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016 11
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• Synthetic graphite:
• Attrition and modest purification
are required
• Material parameters can be
tailored to some extent
better flexibility to follow
technology progress
• Synthesis experience is a
requirement for reproducibility
• Does not require
sphericalization
• Usually, but not always, coated
Reference: “Anode materials for Automotive Li-Ion Batteries”: Dr. M. Anderman, private communication
12. Synthetic graphite – one version
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Material input to produce 1 ton of synthetic graphite = 0.95 tons petroleum coke + 0.24 tons of coal tar pitch
Energy input to produce 1 ton of synthetic graphite = 1.5 MWh natural gas + 4.1 MWh electricity
(varies heavily with region, but ~US$300/ton energy total at current industrial prices in NY)
Energy pricing from: https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Researchers-and-Policymakers/Energy-Prices/
Figure and original energy data from: “Material and Energy Flows in the Production of Cathode
and Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries”: Argonne National Laboratory ANL/ESD-14/10
Rev.: Dunn, James, Gaines, Gallagher, Dai, Kelly, September 2015, used with permission
Oil – Green Coke –
Calcined Coke
Metallurgical coke by-product
- Distillation
Attrition,
(coating)
13. Production of natural graphite for anode applications
• Natural graphite
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Coating
Purification
Sphericalization
(mechanical)
Flotation
Mechanical separation
Mining
Increasing
Volume
Increasing
Value
Based on figure from www.IndMin.com/GraphiteAnalysis
Positive:
Graphite is a primary raw material (i.e. not a by-product)
Challenges:
• Offset between flake size and purification
• Larger flake size easier to purify, but takes more
energy to attrit and waste stream can be larger
• Process and uniformity of coating
• Cost
• Purification method
• Thermal / chemical
• Cost
• Safety and effluent stream
• Waste stream
• Conversion from flake to spherical graphite is
inefficient, typically 30% to 50%
• Low cost relies on selling the off stream
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
14. Challenges with increasing demand for anode materials
• Of the 1.19MT of natural graphite mined, only about 380,000 tons
is suitable as feed material for LIB. Ideally material from mine
would be 94-96% pure, +80 mesh and low cost
• Current demand = 0.06 MT, so even if yield is only 30%, current
usage is only about 50% of available suitable supply and
remainder can be absorbed by other applications
• Material for LIB is a premium graphite material – tightly sized and
high purity, but great care must be taken unless waste streams
are assigned zero or negative value and with a massive increase
in demand this will be an increasing concern
14
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Source: “The Supply and Demand Giga-Risk for Cobalt, Lithium and Graphite in Lithium-Ion Batteries, http://investorintel.com/
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
15. Usage of graphite in batteries – active materials in anode
Typical values for cells:
• For a cylindrical 3.2 Ah 18650 (portable power): 10g. graphite
• For a prismatic 21.5 Ah cell (HEV): 80g. graphite
Example products:
• Laptop: 8 x (3.2 Ah) 18650’s: 80g. graphite
• HEV: 56 x 21.5 Ah: 4.5kg. graphite
• EV example 1: 7,104 (3.4 Ah) 18650’s: 76kg. graphite
• EV example 2: 288 x 55 Ah: 59kg. graphite
• ESS example (2MW/1MWh) 14,080 x 6 Ah: 317kg. graphite
15
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
16. Does location matter?
• Many junior miners attracted into space – limited current
production in NA (Eagle Graphite being one producer in NA)
• Desire to provide North America domestic material to Tesla has
prompted increased activity in USA and Canada
• Alabama Graphite; Canada Carbon; Canada Strategic Metals;
Caribou King Resources; Focus Graphite; Graphite One
Resources; Great Lakes Graphite; Lomiko Metals; Mason
Graphite; Northern Graphite; Zenyatta Ventures
• Full business strategy including supply chain management (and
all that entails) will be vital to success especially short-term
16
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“Graphite News: Graphite Mining in the US and the Best Graphite Stocks to Buy”, Charlotte McLeod, Investing News Network 2016
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
17. Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Current markets for natural graphite and usage in LIB
• Growth in Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage markets
• Emerging market opportunities for natural graphite
• The challenges to graphite as an anode material
• Conclusions
17
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
18. Global lithium ion rechargeable battery market 2010-2025
18
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• CAGR 2010-2015 > 20%
• CAGR 2015-2025 = 15%
Market information supplied by and used with permission of Christophe Pillot, Avicenne, “The Rechargeable Battery Market and Main Trends 2015 to 2025”, Lithium Battery International Summit, Shenzhen, China, April 9 to 12, 2016
31,800 MWh for
Electronic devices in
2015 still the largest
category for LIB currently
Key: energy by application
(CAGR 2015 to 2025)
Revenue = $16.7 billion
for cell makers
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
19. Difficult market to assess – huge changes in progress
19
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>76,000t., of which 52,000 t. natural
Yano Research Institute
Avicenne Energy
Avicenne market information supplied by and used with permission of Christophe Pillot, Avicenne, “The Rechargeable Battery Market and Main Trends 2015 to 2025, 33rd International Battery Seminar and Exhibit, March 21, 2016
Major change 2015 to 2016 is growth of sales of New Energy Vehicles
(EV and PHEV combined) in China
Most market analysts agree about
2/3 of graphite used is natural
Yano Research Institute market information supplied by and used with permission of Sachiya Inagaki, Yano Research Institute, “LIB Materials Market Trends”, The Battery Show Conference, September 13, 2016
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
20. Growth of NEV dramatically changes market size
20
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Yano Research Institute market information supplied by and used with permission of Sachiya Inagaki, Yano Research Institute, “LIB Materials Market Trends”, The Battery Show Conference, September 13, 2016
Benchmark Mineral Intelligence is projecting the total quantity of anode graphite required to address the demand
will increase to between 250,000 tons and 400,000 tons per year by 2020 – and this will equate to considerably
more medium flake feedstock (360,000 tons per year minimum by 2020 assuming current percentage natural)
Benchmark Mineral Intelligence data from http://benchmarkminerals.com/Blog/graphite-demand-from-lithium-ion-batteries-to-more-than-treble-in-4-years/, May 4, 2016
China Daily (July 19)
reported that NEV sales
in China are up 162% at
170,000 units (134,000
EVs and 36,000 PHEVs)
in H1, 2016
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/motoring/2016-07/19/content_26143684.htm
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
21. The dawning of the Megafactory age
• LG Chem (Nanjing, China) – 7GWh; 50,000 batteries for EVs (or 180,000 for PHEVs) expanding to
200,000 by 2020 (or 700,000 for PHEVs)
• Tesla (Nevada, USA) – 35GWh; batteries for 500,000 cars by 2020
• will be the largest workplace in the USA (by far) and the largest building in the world by footprint
• Foxconn (Anhui, China) – 15GWh
• BYD (China) – 20GWh
• Boston Power (China) – 10GWh
• Above would represent 287,000 tons of graphite in anodes (assuming constant chemistry) by 2020
…but would still only represent 1.5 million cars out of a world market of about 76 million per year (*)
…Bloomberg New Energy Finance is projecting this rising to 41 million Electric Vehicles (35%) by 2040
• Sources:
21
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http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/tech/2015/10/133_189601.html
http://bgr.com/2016/08/08/tesla-gigafactory-size-cost-elon-musk/
https://www.tesla.com/sites/default/files/blog_attachments/gigafactory.pdf
http://benchmarkminerals.com/Blog/the-battery-megafactories-are-coming/
Fortune Minerals Limited Investor Presentation August 2015
http://www.gbm.scotiabank.com/English/bns_econ/bns_auto.pdf
https://about.bnef.com/press-releases/electric-vehicles-to-be-35-of-global-new-car-sales-by-2040/
* non-commercial – full market c. 90 million
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
22. Energy Storage market is highly segmented, but growing fast
• Emergency Reserve Power (UPS)
• Continue power when main supply is interrupted
• Frequency regulation
• Maintain power plant generated frequency within
½% of target (such as 50Hz or 60Hz)
• Grid management
• “Spinning” reserve
• Buffering of supply/demand balance for 15 to 45
minutes
• Peak shifting
• Balancing demand spikes without overproducing
• Bulk load shifting
22
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Decreasing
cost required,
but increasing
volume
Will be different to xEV
market, once saturated
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
23. Market size heavily depends on cost/kW-h
23
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“Electric Energy Storage Technology Options”, ID1022261, D. Rastler, EPRI December 2010, used with permission
Energy storage deployment numbers from GTM Research, U.S. Energy Storage Monitor and IHS Markit Grid-Connected Energy Storage Forecast Database
Target (battery) market size (U.S. only)
ApplicationPresentValue
Key:
Freq. Reg.: Frequency Regulation
Sta: Stationary
T&D: Transmission and Distribution
Dist: Distribution
ESCO: Energy Services Company
Ind: Industrial
DESS: Distributed Energy Storage Systems
Com: Commercial
Res: Residential
PQ: Power Quality
Current deployment is very small
(221MW in 2015, USA), but growing
very fast (243% YoY growth),
Lithium-Ion is dominating (99% in
Q2, 2016)
Global deployment 1.4 GW in 2015,
projected 2.9 GW in 2016, dominated
by Lithium-Ion, still relatively small by
2020 compared to xEV, but will be
significant by 2030 (up to 240GW)
“Investment Themes in 2015: Dealing with Divergence”, Citi GPS: Global Perspectives and Solutions, January 2015
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
24. Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Current markets for natural graphite and usage in LIB
• Growth in Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage markets
• Emerging market opportunities for natural graphite
• The challenges to graphite as an anode material
• Conclusions
24
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
25. Graphene
• One emerging market for graphite is graphene produced by a top-
down method. Early large-scale markets are as conductive
additives for LIB (can be in conjunction with CNTs) and in
automobile and bicycle tires
• Potentially large markets although percentage additions are
small
• 12 million tons (2014) of carbon black was used globally, with
tires as the major application (>70%) – a 2% conversion would
equate to a >150kT market for graphene/graphite. CAGR 3.9%.
25
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Carbon Black Market Analysis By Application (Tires, High Performance Coatings, Plastics) And Segment Forecasts to 2022”, April 2016, Grand View Research
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
26. Recarburizer – carbon raiser
• Used in the production of cast iron
and steel
• Low sulfur, high carbon material is
required
• Most common carbon source is
calcined petroleum coke - scrap
electrode graphite is also used
• Can use suitable natural graphite,
although value is very low relative
to anode materials
• Market estimate is 22% graphite (as
a percentage of all carbon materials
used in this application) and is
projected to reach US$168 million
by 2018
• Estimate for the total demand for
recarburizers in the iron and steel
industry is:
• 573,000 to 955,000 tpa for EAF
(Electric Arc Furnace) steel
• 2,300,000 tpa for gray iron and
ductile iron combined
Graphite Supply Chain 2016 Conference and Workshop 26
11/15/2016
http://www.gosreports.com/2015-market-research-report-on-global-graphite-recarburizer-industry/
“Recarburizer Overview – October 2014”, Syrah Resources Limited
27. Contents
• Overview of Morgan Advanced Materials
• Current markets for natural graphite and usage in LIB
• Growth in Electric Vehicle and Energy Storage markets
• Emerging market opportunities for natural graphite
• The challenges to graphite as an anode material
• Conclusions
27
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
28. Modifications to existing technology
• Use of Silicon to replace graphite
• Tremendous progress, but still a relatively small percentage
conversion and almost 100% as an addition not replacement
28
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Leaders include
Amprius, Enevate,
Enovix, Nexeon,
Shin-Etsu Chemical
and Paraclete Energy
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
29. New technologies under consideration
“Lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized the way we communicate through personal electronics. But
there is an even bigger revolution on the horizon. More powerful beyond-lithium-ion batteries will
completely transform the power grid and usher in an age of electrically powered transportation” –
George Crabtree, JCESR Director
JCESR is the US Department of Energy’s Batteries and Energy Storage Hub, founded in 2012.
Foci of JCESR are:
• Multivalent intercalation (using Ca2+, Mg2+ or Al3+ in place of Li+)
• Chemical transformation (such as Li-S, Li-O, Na-S)
• Non-aqueous (organic) redox flow
• Solid-state batteries are also moving forward
• Common features – many technical challenges and none of the above need graphite
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30. How secure is the use of graphite in lithium-ion batteries?
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Figure adapted from: “The energy-storage frontier: Lithium-ion batteries and beyond”:
Crabtree, Kócs, Trahey, MRS Bulletin, Volume 40, Issue 12, December 2015, pp. 1067-1078,
based on additional input from Crabtree at ANL Energy Storage Conference August 31, 2016
20 year incubation
1971 conceptualization 1991 commercialization
Four main factors weigh heavily in favor of
graphite’s continuing rapid expansion:
• The gestation period for truly new
battery technology is very long (20+
years);
• The current potential replacement
technologies under review have many
technical challenges;
• Industries using these power sources
are generally very conservative (slow to
change);
• The shear volume of production in
place for anode materials precludes
most materials as possible
replacements
2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016
31. Conclusions
• The use of graphite as an anode material is growing very rapidly without
sign of a widespread replacement by a successor
• Rapid growth of the xEV market, particularly in China is driving the need
for additional supply
• ESS is beginning to emerge, although at a much lower level than xEV
• Low conversion yields in the sphericalization process for NG will make
supply chain management and business strategy critical moving forward
– waste stream materials must be utilized to avoid associated anode cost
increases - these are not acceptable to the battery manufacturers
• New applications for graphite can be developed with the possibility of
relatively low cost and high purity raw material
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2016 International Lithium & Graphite Conference November 2016