This is brief look at clean technology market including clean products and raw materials for Canada.

1. CLEAN TECHNOLOGY- RAW
MATERIALS – MARKET -
CANADA - NOVEMBER 2017
BY: PAUL YOUNG, CPA, CGA
DATE: NOVEMBER 2, 2017

2. • This presentation is one perspective on Clean Technology Raw Materials for Canada

3. PAUL YOUNG - PRESENTER
Bio
• CPA/CGA
• 25 years of experience in Academia, Industry and Financial solutions
• Youtube Channel - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAArky1bAXPSuV2NLtUnyLg

4. AGENDA
• Energy Storage Market
• Electrical Car
• Rare Metal Production
• Lithium Production
• Vanadium Production
• Graphite production
• Copper Production
• Canada Raw Materials
• Canada Market and Issues
• Blog – Canada North
• Blog – Carbon Tax / Canada
• Blog – Canada and Climate Change

5. ENERGY STORAGE MARKET
• Looking at the entire global energy industry, BNEF’s report sees encouraging signs in the energy storage market, which
inspired expectations of a market valued at $250 billion or more by 2040. In the shorter term, BNEF expects 25 GW of
storage devices to have been deployed over the next 12 years, which, the BNEF analysts pointed out, is about the same
size as today’s rooftop PV industry.
• This is an ambitious forecast, considering that there is less than 1 GW of storage devices operating on world grids
combined today. However, there are some large-scale battery projects currently in development, notably a 100 MW
facility in Long Beach, California, being developed by Edison International.
Source - http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/energy-storage-market-to-
grow-to-usd250-billion-by-2040_100024952/#axzz4QDY3Q1VX

6. ELECTRICAL CAR MARKET
• Source: https://cleantechnica.com/2016/06/05/electric-car-sales-increased-42-globally-q1-2016/ or https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/oct/13/electric-
car-sales-set-to-pass-2m-landmark-globally-by-end-of-2016

7. ELECTRICAL CAR
RAW MATERIAL
• Source - http://www.madehow.com/Volume-5/Electric-Automobile.html

8. ELECTRICAL BATTERY COST
• http://www.industryweek.com/energy/electric-cars-soon-will-cost-less-gasoline-autos-research-
shows?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+IWNews+%28IndustryWeek+Most+Recent+News%29&sfvc4enews=42&cl=article_1_b&NL=IW-07
Now research from Bloomberg New Energy Finance indicates
that falling battery costs will mean electric vehicles will also be
cheaper to buy in the U.S. and Europe as soon as 2025.
Batteries currently account for about half the cost of EVs, and
their prices will fall by about 77% between 2016 and 2030, the
London-based researcher said.
“On an upfront basis, these things will start to get cheaper and
people will start to adopt them more as price parity gets
closer,” said Colin McKerracher, analyst at the London-based
researcher. “After that it gets even more compelling.”

9. ELECTRICAL CAR
BATTERY
Source - https://cleantechnica.com/2015/05/06/10-biggest-electric-car-battery-
manufacturers-are/

10. MARKET PRODUCTION – RARE METALS
1. China - Mine Production: 105,000 tons
2. Australia - Mine Production: 10,000 tons
3. United States - Mine Production: 4,100 tons
4. Russia – Russia - Mine Production: 2,500 tons
5. Thailand - Mine Production: 1,100 tons
6. Malaysia - Mine Production: 200 tons

11. LITHIUM PRODUCTION
1. Australia - Mine production: 13,400 MT
2. Chile - Mine production: 12,900 MT
3. Argentina - Mine production: 3,800 MT
4. China - Mine production: 2,200 MT
5. Zimbabwe - Mine production: 900 MT

12. VANADIUM - PRODUCTION
1. China - Mine production - 42,000 MT
2. South Africa - Mine production - 19,000 MT
3. Russia - Mine production - 15,000 MT
4. Brazil – Mine Production – 2,800 MT

13. GRAPHENE - PRODUCTION
1. China - Mine production - 780,000 MT
2. India - Mine production -170,000 MT
3. Brazil - Mine production - 80,000 MT
4. Turkey - Mine production - 32,000 MT
5. Canada - Mine production - 32,000 MT

14. COPPER PRODUCTION
Source - https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/base-metals-investing/copper-investing/bhp-expand-copper-exploration-ev-demand/?mqsc=E3917814
Copper demand is forecast to increase significantly as demand for
electric vehicles surges to 140 million by 2035 from about 1 million
today, Danny Malchuk, president of operations at BHP’s Minerals
Americas division, said on Wednesday (November 1).
“We want more copper resources in our portfolio. And we believe the
most valuable pathway to achieving this is through exploration, the
drill bit,” added Malchuk, speaking at a Bloomberg forum.

15. CANADA MINING – CLEAN TECHNOLOGY METALS
• Canadian industry want to secure 20% of global supply by 2018. At the moment China produces some 90% of
the world's rare earths – used in a variety of industries including green technology, defence systems and
consumer electronics – and imposes export quotas. Frontrunners among Canadian juniors racing to build the
country's first rare earth mine include Rare Element Resources (TSE:RES), Avalon Rare Metals (TSE:AVL) and
Quest Rare Minerals (TSX:QRM) while Saskatoon-based Great Western Minerals (CVE:GWG) is
recommissioning the Steenkampskraal mine in South Africa with Chinese backing.
• Canada hosts vanadium deposits in locations such as Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec. Total reserves are
unknown at this time, but plenty of companies are working in the country to develop projects
• Lithium projects – Manitoba, NWT, Ontario and Quebec
• Graphite – New Brunswick

16. CANADA CLEAN TECH MARKET
Key Programs
• SDTC
• Trade/FIPA
• Provincial Funds
for Clean
Technology
Market Size /Clean
Technology
• $50B (estimated 2017)
Market Growth
• 10% or about
$4.4B/year
• Technology evolving
(storage, microgrids,
solar, advance
materials, etc)
Downsize Risk
• Ability to commercialize
• Projects have to be profitable without Government Grants
• Access to raw materials
• Access to skills / Training
• Trade/FIPA Agreements
• The requirement for Carbon (mining to installation)

17. CANADA GOVERNMENT
• The battery technology, which uses liquid electrolyte, offers a handful of advantages
over traditional solid batteries, particularly for grid-scale applications. Producers still
need to bring V2O5 costs down considerably to make the storage solution cost-
competitive, according to NRC.
• While vanadium pentoxide can be mined, produced during steel manufacturing or from
catalysts, ash and other residues, there is currently no primary producer of the
compound in Canada.
• Quebec’s VanadiumCorp Resource Inc. is one example of a Canadian company
developing a production site; it is currently working to secure financing to start
construction on a mine outside Chibougamau, Que. Source -
http://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/environment-and-safety/anti-carbon-tax-
environmental-groups-call-end-fossil-fuel-subsidies-179037/

18. BLOG – CANADA NORTH
• https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/regulation/n-w-t-premier-says-south-stop-calling-shots-northern-
development-203703/
•
• McLeod said $2.6 billion in planned investments in offshore exploration disappeared with the onset of Trudeau’s
moratorium and yet Canada hasn’t come to the table with any aid to replace that.
• He said welfare rolls grew in the time since and the population is declining as young people in particular head
south to find jobs that don’t exist in the Northwest Territories.
• Resources and the energy sector account for about 40 per cent of the economy of the Northwest Territories.
•
• Mr. McLeod should be very leery as Trudeau named a new policy adviser to his Natural Resource Policy team. The
person is formerly tied to Tides Foundation - https://www.hilltimes.com/2017/08/21/new-environment-natural-
resources-policy-adviser-joins-pmo/116282. Sarah Goodman was with the Tides Foundation -
http://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/tides-canada-names-sarah-goodman-vice-president-business-
development-and-services-537415491.html
•
• Many jurisdictions have put pro-green agenda ahead of development of natural resources as such mine rankings
for provinces and territories has fallen over the past few years. https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/annual-
survey-of-mining-companies-2016

19. CANADA CARBON TAX
• RBC did this report on carbon tax. The issue is RBC is trying to be political correct as they appear to be on the fence with their analysis.
http://www.rbc.com/economics/economic-reports/pdf/other-reports/Carbon_October2017.pdf
•
• The reality is emissions will not go down as that has been proven elsewhere in the world like Australia. Why am I using Australia? Australia
removed carbon tax as it was costing the economy and doing little to reduce emissions -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/australia-vs-canada-october-2017 or http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/australia-s-carbon-tax-
repealed-after-2-years-1.2709642
•
• The other issue missing in the analysis is that carbon tax impact to GDP growth. Carbon tax will take approximately $3B out of the
economy. http://business.financialpost.com/commodities/energy/ottawas-carbon-tax-plan-to-shrink-economy-by-3-billion-hurt-loonie-in-
2018-study
•
• The person is formerly tied to Tides Foundation - https://www.hilltimes.com/2017/08/21/new-environment-natural-resources-policy-
adviser-joins-pmo/116282. Sarah Goodman was with the Tides Foundation - http://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/tides-canada-names-
sarah-goodman-vice-president-business-development-and-services-537415491.html
•
• Many jurisdictions have put pro-green agenda ahead of development of natural resources as such mine rankings for provinces and
territories has fallen over the past few years. https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/annual-survey-of-mining-companies-2016
•

20. BLOG – CANADA AND CLIMATE CHANGE
• We are faced with many dilemmas when it comes to government policies. We elect politicians based on their campaign promises. In many cases politicians fail to deliver on their promise. The Liberals
for example keep telling people that economy and environment go and hand together “No country was better positioned to take advantage of those new opportunities in the global economy than
Canada. No country in the world had stronger assets and weaker leadership. No government got it more wrong than Harper’s. A Liberal government will make it right.
• Tday, I’m here to announce our plan for real change for our environment, our economy, and our future. We need to take real action on climate change. Source -
http://www.torontosun.com/2017/09/06/im-so-done-with-liberal-climate-nonsense or https://www.liberal.ca/realchange/real-change-a-new-plan-for-canadas-environment-and-economy/
•
• Since 2015 when the Liberals took office the exports have been driven by energy, metals and transportation equipment - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/merchandise-trade-canada-july-
2017 (See slide 7). So, if Liberals think that we can go carbon free in a few years then they live in a fantasy world. The reality is that clean technology companies have yet to show a profit -
http://www.bnn.ca/awash-in-red-ink-canadian-clean-tech-struggling-despite-ottawa-s-green-goals-1.729679. Yet the government is moving forward with more moneys for SDTC fund.
https://www.sdtc.ca/en/media-release/investments-made-ontario-will-lead-cutting-edge-environmentally-friendly-technologies. Money for these funds comes from taxpayers like natural resource
base corporation.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jW9GiWeQEgg
• The second piece of the liberals push for carbon tax is blaming natural disasters on climate change
•
So, it is $1B cost a year for natural disasters?
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-carbon-tax-or-a-price-for-carbon
What triggers floods? Snow/rain, right? So, if we are warming up does not mean less rain?
Many forest fires are either started by lighting or are man-made? In fact provincial governments have scale back their forest management budgets - http://calgaryherald.com/news/politics/did-cuts-to-
fire-program-budget-have-a-role-to-play-in-fort-mcmurray-fire or http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/sudbury/ontario-government-sues-cn-rail-for-millions-in-firefighting-costs-
1.2927083 or https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/BC%20Office/2010/12/CCPA_BTN_forest_service_web.pdf
I am surprised she did not mention earthquakes? Earth is made up of plates.
• How about what Greenpeace said on climate change - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktq55_d7TvU. Suzuki was ridicule on Australia TV -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOK8JhgwmZ8&t=615s
Climate Minister - McKenna should go out and visit areas before jumping to conclusion that climate change is real! This is what weather expert said on climate change -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihnkZOEe378 or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C35pasCr6KI

21. OTHER SOURCES:
• http://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policies-sustainable-development-technology-
corporation-cleantech-canada
• http://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/government-policy-clean-technology-canada-programs-and-
market-information