1) Growing energy demand in Asia, especially China and India, will shape the global energy future as their policy decisions could significantly impact energy markets. China is already the largest energy consumer and will be the largest oil consumer by 2035.
2) Political unrest in major oil producing regions like Libya and Iran raises uncertainty about future oil supplies and could cause the oil market to tighten. Higher oil prices could result.
3) The development of unconventional natural gas resources, particularly shale gas in the US, has led to a potential "Golden Age of Natural Gas" though environmental impacts must be carefully managed.
4) Russia is a key exporter of fossil fuels, especially natural gas, to Europe and its strategic
1) The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2011 report, including that energy demand is projected to increase by one-third globally by 2035, with China and India accounting for half of that growth.
2) Natural gas and renewables are expected to meet almost two-thirds of the increase in global energy demand between 2010-2035.
3) Emerging economies, particularly China and India, will drive soaring global car ownership and oil demand through 2035 as their passenger vehicle fleets double in size.
This document summarizes key points from an International Energy Agency presentation on global energy trends. It finds that while developing countries like China and India are driving increased energy demand, natural gas and renewables are becoming more important sources. Energy efficiency is also crucial for energy security, climate change mitigation, and economic impacts. Specific examples show how efficiency is lowering oil demand growth and can contribute significantly to emissions reductions in the EU. The document outlines the World Energy Outlook 2012 report which will provide updated global energy projections and analyses of priority issues.
This document summarizes a presentation given by François Nguyen of the International Energy Agency on the role of nuclear power. It outlines that global energy demand is increasing rapidly, especially in non-OECD countries like China. It also notes that reducing fossil fuel subsidies would help cut energy demand and emissions. The presentation discusses projections that nuclear power will need to play a larger role, increasing to 24% of global electricity by 2050, to significantly reduce carbon emissions as part of sustainable energy solutions.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2012 report. It finds that:
1) Global energy demand is projected to increase over one-third by 2035, driven primarily by rising living standards in China, India, and the Middle East.
2) The US is undergoing an energy transformation through surging production of unconventional oil and gas. Iraq's oil production is also poised for major expansion, making it the second largest exporter by the 2030s.
3) Renewable energy subsidies totaled $88 billion in 2011 but $4.8 trillion is needed globally through 2035, with over half already committed or needed to meet 2020 targets.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that:
1) Energy demand growth is increasingly coming from non-OECD countries like China, where demand surges 75% between now and 2035, accounting for almost all net increase globally.
2) Fossil fuel subsidies amounted to $312 billion in 2009, distorting energy prices, and demand for all fuels is increasing in non-OECD countries.
3) Renewable energy use triples by 2035, driven by power sector where renewables rise from 19% of electricity in 2008 to 32% in 2035.
The document summarizes a presentation given at the Cars of Tomorrow Conference in Melbourne, Australia on March 14, 2012 about promoting low emission vehicles. It discusses the global context of rising oil demand and transport's role. It then outlines the need to cut CO2 emissions 50% by 2050 according to IEA models, requiring a transportation revolution including more electric vehicles. Specific policies and initiatives discussed include fuel economy standards, France's bonus-malus program, the Electric Vehicles Initiative of 14 countries, and demonstration projects in cities like Berlin, Amsterdam, and Stockholm.
1) The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2011 report, including that energy demand is projected to increase by one-third globally by 2035, with China and India accounting for half of that growth.
2) Natural gas and renewables are expected to meet almost two-thirds of the increase in global energy demand between 2010-2035.
3) Emerging economies, particularly China and India, will drive soaring global car ownership and oil demand through 2035 as their passenger vehicle fleets double in size.
This document summarizes key points from an International Energy Agency presentation on global energy trends. It finds that while developing countries like China and India are driving increased energy demand, natural gas and renewables are becoming more important sources. Energy efficiency is also crucial for energy security, climate change mitigation, and economic impacts. Specific examples show how efficiency is lowering oil demand growth and can contribute significantly to emissions reductions in the EU. The document outlines the World Energy Outlook 2012 report which will provide updated global energy projections and analyses of priority issues.
This document summarizes a presentation given by François Nguyen of the International Energy Agency on the role of nuclear power. It outlines that global energy demand is increasing rapidly, especially in non-OECD countries like China. It also notes that reducing fossil fuel subsidies would help cut energy demand and emissions. The presentation discusses projections that nuclear power will need to play a larger role, increasing to 24% of global electricity by 2050, to significantly reduce carbon emissions as part of sustainable energy solutions.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2012 report. It finds that:
1) Global energy demand is projected to increase over one-third by 2035, driven primarily by rising living standards in China, India, and the Middle East.
2) The US is undergoing an energy transformation through surging production of unconventional oil and gas. Iraq's oil production is also poised for major expansion, making it the second largest exporter by the 2030s.
3) Renewable energy subsidies totaled $88 billion in 2011 but $4.8 trillion is needed globally through 2035, with over half already committed or needed to meet 2020 targets.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that:
1) Energy demand growth is increasingly coming from non-OECD countries like China, where demand surges 75% between now and 2035, accounting for almost all net increase globally.
2) Fossil fuel subsidies amounted to $312 billion in 2009, distorting energy prices, and demand for all fuels is increasing in non-OECD countries.
3) Renewable energy use triples by 2035, driven by power sector where renewables rise from 19% of electricity in 2008 to 32% in 2035.
The document summarizes a presentation given at the Cars of Tomorrow Conference in Melbourne, Australia on March 14, 2012 about promoting low emission vehicles. It discusses the global context of rising oil demand and transport's role. It then outlines the need to cut CO2 emissions 50% by 2050 according to IEA models, requiring a transportation revolution including more electric vehicles. Specific policies and initiatives discussed include fuel economy standards, France's bonus-malus program, the Electric Vehicles Initiative of 14 countries, and demonstration projects in cities like Berlin, Amsterdam, and Stockholm.
The document forecasts key UK economic indicators from 2007 to 2015. It predicts that UK GDP growth will be around 1% in 2011-2012 before slowly recovering to a long-term trend of 2.4% by 2015. Inflation is expected to fall to around 2.5% in 2012 as past increases drop out, but remain above the 2% target. Unemployment is projected to rise to 2.7 million in 2012 before gradually declining, while the unemployment rate averages 8.5% in 2012. Interest rates are expected to rise above 1.5% by the end of 2012 as growth recovers. Oil prices are forecast to increase to around $130 per barrel by 2015.
Indonesia has significant potential for wind energy development given its geography as an archipelago. Currently wind energy contributes less than 800 kW of installed capacity. The government aims to increase this to 250 MW by 2025. Several small-scale wind projects have been implemented to power water pumps, demonstrating the technology's benefits compared to diesel. Plans are underway to install seven new 80 kW wind turbine projects on various islands in 2007. Overall wind speeds are typically 3-5 m/s, with some areas above 5 m/s showing greater potential for utility-scale projects.
Global connectivity is increasing as developing economies benefit from globalization and FDI inflows support growth. However, people are also migrating to developed countries and cities. Mobile phone and broadband subscriptions are rising rapidly in developing nations. Limited natural resources like freshwater and declining oil availability pose challenges but also innovation opportunities. The world's population is growing and aging, with more people expected to live alone. Global production is rising with Asia taking a larger share, but poverty and unemployment remain issues in many areas. Climate change initiatives and sustainability are becoming priorities.
Analyst day timminco investor presentation october 12 finTimminco
1. Timminco provides an investor presentation that discusses its silicon metal business and opportunities in solar grade silicon.
2. It is one of the largest Western producers of silicon metal, which is used in chemicals like silicones and polysilicon, and in aluminum production.
3. Demand for silicon metal is growing driven by chemicals and the emerging solar energy market, presenting opportunities for Timminco to expand production and enter the solar grade silicon business.
Economic Overview Australia Sept 2010rev1Paul Mracek
The document provides an economic overview of Australia including:
1) Key economic indicators such as GDP, GDP growth, current account balance, exports, imports, inflation, and unemployment for Australia from 2005-2010.
2) Australia's main trade partners and exported/imported goods.
3) RBA economic forecasts for GDP growth and inflation through 2012.
4) Overviews of the manufacturing, services, and construction industries in Australia.
The document is ExxonMobil's 2012 outlook report on global energy demand and supply through 2040. It finds that population and economic growth will drive a 30% increase in energy demand despite efficiency gains saving 500 quadrillion BTUs. Electricity generation is expected to be the fastest growing energy sector. Natural gas supply is projected to increase significantly to meet demand, while oil, coal, nuclear and renewables will also play major roles in the energy mix. CO2 emissions are forecasted to plateau by 2025 as emissions per capita decline.
Shale gas is driving down costs for chlor-alkali producers in North America. This has led to new investments in chlor-alkali capacity as producers take advantage of lower electricity and feedstock costs. The low cash costs allow North American producers to export chlorine derivatives and compete globally. In Asia, overcapacity is an issue as China aggressively added capacity, driving down operating rates across the region. European producers face challenges converting to new membrane technology.
1) Projected increases in global CO2 emissions are dominated by the power and industry sectors, not transport.
2) China and India's high coal use for power means they benefit most from carbon trading, while Russia and Brazil rely more on natural gas and hydropower.
3) Renewable fuels require incentives across the energy chain, from producers to consumers, as seen in Brazil's successful ethanol program. Comparative advantages for tropical production are not addressed by carbon trading.
For years, labor rates have been the primary advantage Chinese manufacturers have benefited from, however, wage rates in China are growing at an accelerated rate, with some reports indicating they will surpass rates in Mexico and other developing countries very soon.
What does this mean for your supply chain? Should you be concerned?
A recording of this presentation can be viewed here: http://www.slideshare.net/ihs_supplychain/when-will-china-lose-its-lowcost-edge
2012 Reenergize the Americas Keynote: Abbas GhassemiReenergize
This document discusses several key issues related to global energy sources, demand, and sustainability:
1) Peak levels of fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal may be reached within the next few decades, between 2010-2080.
2) Meeting growing global energy needs will require a combination of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear power given world population and consumption trends.
3) Water use for energy production competes with other needs like food and drinking water supply.
4) Over 1.6 billion people lack access to electricity, mostly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and 2.4 billion rely mainly on burning biomass like wood and manure.
Intervenant: Fatih birol Chief Economist - Director, Global Energy Economics
International Energy Agency
thèmes: shifts in the global energy system shifting, oil & gas, nuclear & renewables, world economy
Présentation lors de la convention SFEN du 4 avril 2013. Retrouvez la vidéo de la conférence à la fin de la présentation ou sur youtube.
http://youtu.be/Mbmp49ISwrA
* Un rápido crecimiento económico no implica necesariamente una oportunidad de negocio
* México tiene ventajas clave sobre los BRIC´s
* Los BRICs y México tienen en común 2 situaciones: corrupción y fragilidad institucional
* Los hogares mexicanos tienen mayor poder adquisitivo
* La economía se vuelve cada vez más sofisticada
* El ambiente para hacer negocios en México es relativamente mejor
* Un mercado con gran densidad de población y un ingreso relativamente mayor es más atractivo que un país con ingresos relativamente menores, incluso si la población de éste crece rápidamente
Energy in green building and the carbon imperativeJohn Shurtz
The document discusses energy and climate change. It begins by showing diagrams of the natural carbon cycle and human-caused CO2 emissions. It then discusses various energy technologies and challenges, including carbon capture and storage, nuclear energy, and renewable energy. The key challenges are the large quantity of carbon emissions, high costs, and technical and social issues with different low-carbon solutions. The document argues that developing renewable energy presents the most readily solvable problems compared to other decarbonization strategies.
The document provides a weather forecast for the South African economy in 2013. It predicts:
1) Economic activity will be more positive than in 2012 but growth will be constrained by local conditions, limited policy influence, and potential labor unrest.
2) Export orders may increase but the economy remains dependent on Europe which is still recovering from its debt crisis.
3) Inflation is expected to peak mid-year before declining but will limit the ability of monetary policy to stimulate growth.
India has experienced unprecedented economic growth over the past decade with GDP growth averaging around 8% annually. Key factors driving growth include a booming services sector, rising consumer spending, increased foreign investment, and strong industrial and infrastructure development. Looking ahead, India is well-positioned to continue its rapid economic expansion due to favorable demographics including a large, young workforce and a growing middle class population.
Andrew Sentence: The "New Normal" for the global economyNuffield Trust
- The global economy is expanding but the recovery is uneven, with growth in Asia outpacing the EU and US.
- This recovery differs from previous recoveries in the 1980s and 1990s with slower growth across advanced and emerging economies.
- Asia-Pacific has become the dominant global economic region while UK growth has disappointed, averaging only 1.3% since 2009.
This document discusses Entamoeba histolytica, an intestinal protozoan parasite. It covers the classification, geographical distribution, life cycle, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of E. histolytica. Key points include that E. histolytica causes amoebiasis and can lead to intestinal or extra-intestinal infections. Symptoms range from mild diarrhea to severe dysentery. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of stool or biopsy samples. Treatment involves use of amoebicide drugs like metronidazole. Prevention focuses on proper sanitation and water treatment to avoid contamination.
The document discusses how leadership needs have evolved over time along with organizations and society. Traditional leadership focused on maximizing profits and wealth, while modern leadership must foster spiritual fulfillment, well-being, and sustainability. Leaders now must balance opposing needs like empowerment and control, trust and accountability. Additionally, the workforce has changed and now values meaning, work-life balance, and frequent skill development over long-term company loyalty. This disconnect challenges leaders to adapt and meet new expectations.
The document forecasts key UK economic indicators from 2007 to 2015. It predicts that UK GDP growth will be around 1% in 2011-2012 before slowly recovering to a long-term trend of 2.4% by 2015. Inflation is expected to fall to around 2.5% in 2012 as past increases drop out, but remain above the 2% target. Unemployment is projected to rise to 2.7 million in 2012 before gradually declining, while the unemployment rate averages 8.5% in 2012. Interest rates are expected to rise above 1.5% by the end of 2012 as growth recovers. Oil prices are forecast to increase to around $130 per barrel by 2015.
Indonesia has significant potential for wind energy development given its geography as an archipelago. Currently wind energy contributes less than 800 kW of installed capacity. The government aims to increase this to 250 MW by 2025. Several small-scale wind projects have been implemented to power water pumps, demonstrating the technology's benefits compared to diesel. Plans are underway to install seven new 80 kW wind turbine projects on various islands in 2007. Overall wind speeds are typically 3-5 m/s, with some areas above 5 m/s showing greater potential for utility-scale projects.
Global connectivity is increasing as developing economies benefit from globalization and FDI inflows support growth. However, people are also migrating to developed countries and cities. Mobile phone and broadband subscriptions are rising rapidly in developing nations. Limited natural resources like freshwater and declining oil availability pose challenges but also innovation opportunities. The world's population is growing and aging, with more people expected to live alone. Global production is rising with Asia taking a larger share, but poverty and unemployment remain issues in many areas. Climate change initiatives and sustainability are becoming priorities.
Analyst day timminco investor presentation october 12 finTimminco
1. Timminco provides an investor presentation that discusses its silicon metal business and opportunities in solar grade silicon.
2. It is one of the largest Western producers of silicon metal, which is used in chemicals like silicones and polysilicon, and in aluminum production.
3. Demand for silicon metal is growing driven by chemicals and the emerging solar energy market, presenting opportunities for Timminco to expand production and enter the solar grade silicon business.
Economic Overview Australia Sept 2010rev1Paul Mracek
The document provides an economic overview of Australia including:
1) Key economic indicators such as GDP, GDP growth, current account balance, exports, imports, inflation, and unemployment for Australia from 2005-2010.
2) Australia's main trade partners and exported/imported goods.
3) RBA economic forecasts for GDP growth and inflation through 2012.
4) Overviews of the manufacturing, services, and construction industries in Australia.
The document is ExxonMobil's 2012 outlook report on global energy demand and supply through 2040. It finds that population and economic growth will drive a 30% increase in energy demand despite efficiency gains saving 500 quadrillion BTUs. Electricity generation is expected to be the fastest growing energy sector. Natural gas supply is projected to increase significantly to meet demand, while oil, coal, nuclear and renewables will also play major roles in the energy mix. CO2 emissions are forecasted to plateau by 2025 as emissions per capita decline.
Shale gas is driving down costs for chlor-alkali producers in North America. This has led to new investments in chlor-alkali capacity as producers take advantage of lower electricity and feedstock costs. The low cash costs allow North American producers to export chlorine derivatives and compete globally. In Asia, overcapacity is an issue as China aggressively added capacity, driving down operating rates across the region. European producers face challenges converting to new membrane technology.
1) Projected increases in global CO2 emissions are dominated by the power and industry sectors, not transport.
2) China and India's high coal use for power means they benefit most from carbon trading, while Russia and Brazil rely more on natural gas and hydropower.
3) Renewable fuels require incentives across the energy chain, from producers to consumers, as seen in Brazil's successful ethanol program. Comparative advantages for tropical production are not addressed by carbon trading.
For years, labor rates have been the primary advantage Chinese manufacturers have benefited from, however, wage rates in China are growing at an accelerated rate, with some reports indicating they will surpass rates in Mexico and other developing countries very soon.
What does this mean for your supply chain? Should you be concerned?
A recording of this presentation can be viewed here: http://www.slideshare.net/ihs_supplychain/when-will-china-lose-its-lowcost-edge
2012 Reenergize the Americas Keynote: Abbas GhassemiReenergize
This document discusses several key issues related to global energy sources, demand, and sustainability:
1) Peak levels of fossil fuels like oil, gas, and coal may be reached within the next few decades, between 2010-2080.
2) Meeting growing global energy needs will require a combination of fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear power given world population and consumption trends.
3) Water use for energy production competes with other needs like food and drinking water supply.
4) Over 1.6 billion people lack access to electricity, mostly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and 2.4 billion rely mainly on burning biomass like wood and manure.
Intervenant: Fatih birol Chief Economist - Director, Global Energy Economics
International Energy Agency
thèmes: shifts in the global energy system shifting, oil & gas, nuclear & renewables, world economy
Présentation lors de la convention SFEN du 4 avril 2013. Retrouvez la vidéo de la conférence à la fin de la présentation ou sur youtube.
http://youtu.be/Mbmp49ISwrA
* Un rápido crecimiento económico no implica necesariamente una oportunidad de negocio
* México tiene ventajas clave sobre los BRIC´s
* Los BRICs y México tienen en común 2 situaciones: corrupción y fragilidad institucional
* Los hogares mexicanos tienen mayor poder adquisitivo
* La economía se vuelve cada vez más sofisticada
* El ambiente para hacer negocios en México es relativamente mejor
* Un mercado con gran densidad de población y un ingreso relativamente mayor es más atractivo que un país con ingresos relativamente menores, incluso si la población de éste crece rápidamente
Energy in green building and the carbon imperativeJohn Shurtz
The document discusses energy and climate change. It begins by showing diagrams of the natural carbon cycle and human-caused CO2 emissions. It then discusses various energy technologies and challenges, including carbon capture and storage, nuclear energy, and renewable energy. The key challenges are the large quantity of carbon emissions, high costs, and technical and social issues with different low-carbon solutions. The document argues that developing renewable energy presents the most readily solvable problems compared to other decarbonization strategies.
The document provides a weather forecast for the South African economy in 2013. It predicts:
1) Economic activity will be more positive than in 2012 but growth will be constrained by local conditions, limited policy influence, and potential labor unrest.
2) Export orders may increase but the economy remains dependent on Europe which is still recovering from its debt crisis.
3) Inflation is expected to peak mid-year before declining but will limit the ability of monetary policy to stimulate growth.
India has experienced unprecedented economic growth over the past decade with GDP growth averaging around 8% annually. Key factors driving growth include a booming services sector, rising consumer spending, increased foreign investment, and strong industrial and infrastructure development. Looking ahead, India is well-positioned to continue its rapid economic expansion due to favorable demographics including a large, young workforce and a growing middle class population.
Andrew Sentence: The "New Normal" for the global economyNuffield Trust
- The global economy is expanding but the recovery is uneven, with growth in Asia outpacing the EU and US.
- This recovery differs from previous recoveries in the 1980s and 1990s with slower growth across advanced and emerging economies.
- Asia-Pacific has become the dominant global economic region while UK growth has disappointed, averaging only 1.3% since 2009.
This document discusses Entamoeba histolytica, an intestinal protozoan parasite. It covers the classification, geographical distribution, life cycle, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of E. histolytica. Key points include that E. histolytica causes amoebiasis and can lead to intestinal or extra-intestinal infections. Symptoms range from mild diarrhea to severe dysentery. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of stool or biopsy samples. Treatment involves use of amoebicide drugs like metronidazole. Prevention focuses on proper sanitation and water treatment to avoid contamination.
The document discusses how leadership needs have evolved over time along with organizations and society. Traditional leadership focused on maximizing profits and wealth, while modern leadership must foster spiritual fulfillment, well-being, and sustainability. Leaders now must balance opposing needs like empowerment and control, trust and accountability. Additionally, the workforce has changed and now values meaning, work-life balance, and frequent skill development over long-term company loyalty. This disconnect challenges leaders to adapt and meet new expectations.
This document summarizes a survey paper on using intelligent techniques like expert systems, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, and neural networks to solve facility layout problems (FLP). FLP involves assigning facilities to locations to minimize costs associated with facility interactions. The paper discusses conventional algorithms and intelligent techniques for FLP, including optimal algorithms like branch and bound, and suboptimal algorithms like construction and improvement heuristics.
1. Ascaris lumbricoides, or the common roundworm, infects over 1.4 billion people worldwide and causes up to 100,000 deaths annually.
2. It is a large, stout nematode that lives in the small intestine of infected individuals. The female worm can grow up to 40 cm long and lay up to 25 million eggs in her lifetime.
3. Infection causes a range of symptoms depending on the worm load, including intestinal obstruction, malnutrition, and in heavy infections pneumonia-like symptoms. Diagnosis involves finding eggs in stool or adult worms after treatment.
1) The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2011 report regarding global energy trends out to 2035.
2) It finds that energy demand is expected to increase by one-third by 2035, with China and India accounting for 50% of growth.
3) Natural gas and renewables are projected to collectively meet almost two-thirds of incremental energy demand between 2010-2035.
World energy outlook presentationto pressAnochi.com.
1) The global energy system is undergoing significant changes due to shifts in oil and gas production in some countries, retreat from nuclear in others, and growing policy focus on energy efficiency.
2) Emerging economies, especially China, India, and the Middle East, are driving increased global energy demand and will account for most of the world's energy needs by 2035.
3) Improving energy efficiency presents a major opportunity to reduce energy expenditures, cut emissions, and boost economic gains but much of its potential remains untapped.
A PowerPoint presentation given to world media at the release of the WEO report, published Nov. 2012. The presentation contains many charts found in the report. The report itself is an annual publication by the International Energy Agency. The 2012 version calls attention to the world-changing impact of hydraulic fracturing of shale gas and oil deposits in North America. Its worldwide impact, according to the report, is profound.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2012 report. It finds that:
1) Global energy demand is expected to increase over 35% by 2035, driven primarily by rising living standards in China, India, and the Middle East.
2) Emerging economies like China and India will account for most of this increased demand and will steer global energy markets and trade flows away from OECD countries.
3) Energy efficiency represents a major untapped resource that could halve the growth in global energy demand by 2035 while also reducing costs and delaying carbon lock-in.
This document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2012 report by the IEA. It notes that the foundations of the global energy system are shifting, with changes in oil and gas production and policies on nuclear energy in some countries. Emerging economies such as China, India, and the Middle East are driving growth in global energy demand. The US is experiencing a transformation into a significant oil and gas producer. Energy efficiency represents a major untapped opportunity that could significantly reduce energy demand and carbon emissions.
Shale Revolution and Energy Security: Role of LNGIPPAI
The document discusses trends in global energy markets from 2010 to 2035 according to projections from the International Energy Agency's World Energy Outlook 2012. It notes that energy demand is expected to rise by over one-third by 2035, driven by economic growth in China, India, and the Middle East. While dependence on oil and gas imports is projected to increase in many countries, the US is expected to reduce its dependence due to increased domestic unconventional oil and gas production. The growth of liquefied natural gas trade is also expected to diversify international gas markets away from traditional oil-linked pricing.
This document discusses unconventional natural gas and presents the "Golden Rules" to address environmental and social impacts. It finds that applying the Golden Rules could allow unconventional gas production to increase significantly in a sustainable manner. However, concerns over impacts threaten to limit its growth. The rules aim to ensure proper measurement, community engagement, water and emissions management to gain public acceptance. Following the rules could make natural gas a major fuel and benefit importers through lower prices and trade balances, but failure to address concerns could restrict its role and increase coal use and emissions.
Le monde en 2050 : les perspectives de PwC (2013)PwC France
http://pwc.to/V9rjZn
Selon le dernier rapport World in 2050 publié par PwC, la crise financière a accéléré le déplacement du centre de gravité de l’économie mondiale. La Chine, les États-Unis et l’Inde devraient conforter leur suprématie d’ici à 2050, mais les pays émergents n’en restent pas moins confrontés à d’immenses défis pour inscrire dans la durée leur forte croissance récente. Selon PwC, d’ici 2050, l’Indonésie, le Nigeria et le Vietnam pourraient connaître une progression spectaculaire ; le Brésil pourrait supplanter le Japon à la 4e place, et la Turquie pourrait s’imposer comme l’une des premières économies d’Europe.
Research outputs are growing rapidly due to increasing global R&D spending and collaboration. STM information companies contribute to research by registering, reviewing, disseminating and preserving research outputs; nurturing cross-disciplinary areas; facilitating collaboration; monitoring researcher mobility patterns; facilitating access to experimental data; and providing a broad range of metrics and tools to measure research outcomes and impacts. The overall goal is to support high quality research that improves economic and social outcomes.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that while recently announced policies would improve the energy outlook, much more ambitious action is needed to achieve sustainable energy goals. Unless commitments made at Copenhagen are fully implemented by 2020, limiting global temperature rise to 2°C will be nearly impossible. The age of cheap oil is over, but smart policy can still lower prices from what they would otherwise be. Renewables are growing but continued long-term support is critical. Phasing out fossil fuel subsidies is the most effective way to reduce energy demand.
The document summarizes key findings from the World Energy Outlook 2010 report. It finds that while recently announced policies would make a difference, more ambitious action is needed to achieve sustainable energy goals. The report also finds that lack of ambition in Copenhagen accords has increased the cost of limiting global temperature rise to 2°C. Additionally, it notes that the age of cheap oil is over but policy can lower prices, renewables are growing but need long-term support, and phasing out fossil fuel subsidies is the most effective way to cut energy demand.
This document discusses global energy trends and alternatives to petroleum. It notes that global population and energy demand are rising rapidly. While unconventional oil and biofuels can help meet growing demand, they face challenges around environmental impacts, resource constraints, and high costs. Electricity and natural gas are also discussed as alternatives, but electricity generation is still heavily reliant on coal and natural gas. Significant technological advances and infrastructure build-outs would be needed for alternatives to fully replace petroleum on a large scale.
1. Toyota is promoting more environmentally friendly vehicles in India to address concerns over increasing air pollution levels from population growth, urbanization, and rising CO2 emissions.
2. Toyota plans to open a new "Eco Plant" by the end of 2010 that will produce compact cars with 20% lower CO2 emissions through more efficient production technologies and waste recycling systems.
3. Toyota's community initiatives include environmental education programs for children and an annual "Greenathon" campaign to promote eco-friendly practices.
This document outlines global energy trends and factors that could influence them. It discusses:
1) Historical trends showing decreasing energy use per unit of GDP as countries develop.
2) Projections of non-OECD regions driving energy growth while fuel shares converge globally.
3) Potential policies to constrain carbon emissions gradually tightening.
4) Factors that could influence trends including economic growth rates, China's development pathway, stronger climate policies, and energy security issues.
China Tire industry to reach USD 3,28,461 million by 2017: Ken ResearchAnkur Gupta
The document provides an overview of the Asia tire industry with a focus on China. It summarizes key metrics of the Asia and China tire markets from 2008-2012, including market size, segmentation by geography and type of vehicles. It also discusses the major players in China's tire industry in 2012 and provides disclaimers.
This document summarizes China's economic trends and automation market outlook. It notes that China's economy recovered strongly from the global crisis, with GDP and manufacturing returning to growth. However, signs of slowing are emerging in 2010. The automation market contracted in 2009 but recovered in late 2009 and grew 25-50% in the first half of 2010. Key industries like electric power, automotive, and water/waste water are expected to see continued growth, driven by urbanization, environmental protection policies, and infrastructure investment.
Tsing Capital Presentation by Daniel Zhuongreeninc
Daniel Zhu, Partner at China's first cleantech venture capital firm, Tsing Capital, joined OnGreen at their headquarters to discuss market entry strategies into China.
The document discusses investment opportunities in Uruguay's automotive industry. It notes that Uruguay has a long history of vehicle assembly and auto parts manufacturing. The automotive industry in Uruguay has grown significantly in recent years, with exports doubling from 2005 to 2010. Uruguay has trade agreements and investment promotion policies that make it an attractive location for automotive production and exports within South America.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
2. A Time of Unprecedented Uncertainties.
Uncertainty
No.1
— Growing Asian economies, especially China, will
shape the global energy future – where will their
policy decisions lead us ?
3. China
is
already
the
largest
consumer
of
energy
and
will
be
the
largest
oil
consumer
in
2035.
Growth
in
primary
energy
demand
IEA WEO 2011
4
500
Mtoe
4
000
China
3
500
India
3
000
Other
developing
Asia
2
500
Russia
Middle
East
2
000
Rest
of
world
1
500
OECD
1
000
500
0
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Global
energy
demand
increases
by
one-‐third
from
2010
to
2035,
with
China,
India
and
other
Asia
accoun@ng
for
two
thirds
of
the
growth
3
4. Oil
demand
is
driven
higher
by
soaring
car
ownership
IEA WEO 2011
Vehicles
per
1000
people
in
selected
markets
800
2010
700
2035
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
United
States
European
China
India
Middle
East
Union
The
passenger
vehicle
fleet
doubles
to
1.7
billion
in
2035;
more
cars
are
built
and
sold
outside
the
OECD
by
2020,
making
non-‐OECD
policies
key
to
global
oil
demand
5. shift concerns security
isecurity
Petroleum
about oil s
parRcularly
the
issue
for
Asia
in
the
21st
Century.
Net imports of oil
IEA WEO 2011
14
Mb/d
2000
12 2010
10 2035
8
6
4
2
0
European United Japan China India ASEAN
Union States
US
oil
imports
drop
due
to
rising
domes0c
output
&
improved
transport
efficiency:
EU
imports
US oil imports dropf
the
US
rising domestic output & improved transport around
2020 im
overtake
those
o due to around
2015;
China
becomes
the
largest
importer
efficiency: EU
overtake those of the US around 2015; China becomes the largest importer around 20
6. Uncertainty
No.2
— Does political unrest in producing regions make
oil market tighter? What will be the longer term
market structure? What will be the impact of Iran
Sanction?
7. Figure 3.21 Breakeven costs, budget breakeven and commercially
attractive prices for current oil production for selected
producers, mid-2011 IEA WEO 2011
120 Budget
Dollars per barrel
breakeven
Venezuala
100
Ecuador
Russia Commercially
Nigeria
Iran
Angola
Algeria
Saudi aƩracƟve
Iraq
Libya
80 Arabia Super Breakeven
majors
UAE
cost
60
Kuwait
Qatar
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 0 5 10
Oil producƟon (mb/d)
‘Deferred
Investment
Case’
looks
at
near-‐term
investment
falling
short
by
one-‐ and
Notes: Only OPEC countries, Russia and the aggregation of the five super-majors (BP, Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell
Total) are included. The breakeven cost is the realised oil price at which all operating expenses (excluding taxes) and
third.
MENA
output
falls
3discount rate),y
2015
recovered.
capital costs (including a 10% capital
.4
mb/d
b are fully and
Consumers
face
a
near-‐term
rise
in
oil
prices
to
$150/barrel.
based on industry sources: APICORP (2011), Deutsche Bank (2011), Credit Suisse
Sources: IEA databases and analysis
(2011), IMF (2011), PFC (2011) and CGES (2011).
8. Iran
Crisis
and
the
Hormuz
Strait
1700 B/D
85% of Japanese2oil
import
85%
20% of Japanese
LNG 8260
LNG importLNG 3
But if no nuclear
LNG 18%
reactors are
2010
running,,,,,,?
UAE
17 mbd of petroleum
2
(20% of global demand )
2
82 million tons of LNG pa
(30% of global demand)
8
9. Uncertainty
No.
3
Shale gas in the
US brings Natural
Gas Revolution."
Is the Golden age
of Natural Gas a
solution for
security? "
10. The
Golden
Age
for
Natural
Gas
?
IEA WEO 2011
Largest
natural
gas
producers
in
2035
Russia
ConvenRonal
United
States
UnconvenRonal
China
Iran
Qatar
Canada
Algeria
Australia
India
Norway
0
200
400
600
800
1
000
bcm
Unconven@onal
natural
gas
supplies
40%
of
the
1.7
tcm
increase
in
global
supply,
but
best
prac@ces
are
essen@al
to
successfully
address
environmental
challenges
10
11. Uncertainty
No.
4
— Strategic
Role
of
Russia
as
the
key
exporter
of
fossil
fuels
especially
Natural
Gas
12. Russia’s
focus
will
move
to
the
East
IEA WEO 2011
Russian
revenue
from
fossil
fuel
exports
2010
2035
$255
billion
$420
billion
Other
Other
17%
China
21%
European
European
2%
China
Union
Other
Union
Europe
61%
20%
48%
16%
Other
Europe
15%
An
increasing
share
of
Russian
exports
go
eastwards
to
Asia,
providing
Russia
with
diversity
of
markets
and
revenues
12
13. Uncertainty
No.
5
— What is the implication of the Fukushima
Nuclear accident to the global energy
market and security?
14. the New Policies Scenario).
Low
Nbuilt from 1980 onwards are retired after a lifetime of 50 years on average
Reactors uclear
Case
(55 years in the New Policies Scenario).
IEA WEO 2011
Table 12.3 Key projections for nuclear power in the New Policies Scenario
and the Low Nuclear Case
Low Nuclear Case New Policies Scenario
OECD Non-OECD World OECD Non-OECD World
Gross installed capacity (GW)
in 2010 326 68 393 326 68 393
in 2035 171 164 335 380 252 633
Share in electricity generation
in 2010 21% 4% 13% 21% 4% 13%
in 2035 9% 5% 7% 21% 8% 13%
Gross capacity under construction (GW)* 14 54 69 14 54 69
New additions in 2011-2035 (GW)** 6 84 91 111 167 277
Retirements in 2011-2035 (GW) 176 42 218 71 36 107
*At the start of 2011. **Includes new plants and uprates, but excludes capacity currently under construction.
14
15. Less
nuclear
means
more
of
everything
else
IEA WEO 2011
Power
generation
by
fuel
in
the
New
Policies
Scenario
and
Low
Nuclear
Case
14
000
TWh
2009
12
000
2035:
10
000
New
Policies
Scenario
2035:
8
000
Low
Nuclear
Case
6
000
4
000
2
000
0
Nuclear
Coal
Gas
Renewables
The
biggest
chunk
of
the
lost
nuclear
generation
is
replaced
by
power
generation
from
gas
and
coal,
leading
to
a
6%
or
0.9
GT
increase
in
CO2
emissions
in
the
power
sector
16. Germany
may
needs
much
more
Gas
to
phase
out
Nuclear
by
2022
700
twh
600
others
500
Renewables
400
nuclear
300 Gas
200 Coal
100
0
Current Policy 2022
Germany
needs
to
import
16
BCM
of
gas
to
achieve
electricity
mix
with
10%
demand
reduc0on,
no
nuclear,
35%
renewables
and
CO2
at
the
target
level
16
17. Lessons
from
the
Fukushima
— Fukushima
accident
was
caused
by
human
error
and
should
have
been
avoided.
(Mr.
Hatamura ,
Chair
of
The
Investigation
Committee
on
the
Accident
at
the
Fukushima
Nuclear
Power
Stations)
— Think
about
the
unthinkable;
Tsunami
and
Station
Black
Out.
Change
total
mind
set
for
“Safety”.
— Prepare
for
the
severe
accidents,
common
cause
failure
&
compound
disasters.
— Recovery
from
disaster
is
at
least
as
important
as
preparing
for
it.
— Independent
Regulatory
authority
;
Reduce
risk
of
too
much
political
involvement;
Transparency
and
Trust,
“Back
Fitting”
of
regulation
— Organization
and
training
of
the
nuclear
emergency
staff
including
the
self
defense
force
;
integration
of
safety
and
security.
— International
Cooperation
:
A
nuclear
accident
anywhere
is
an
accident
everywhere.
— Further
clarification
needed
why
it
happened
only
to
Fukushima
Daiichi
and
NOT
to
Fukushima
Daini,
Onagawa
nor
Tokai
daini.
18. ネルギー、 、エネルギ には EU の
スペインは エネルギー
技術のテー
ー供給のセ エネルギー
特に地中海 キュリティ
入れている 太陽計画( マを議論し 、再生可能
Mediterra 、2日目の エネルギ
Uncertainty
No.
6
。
IEA のプレ nean Sola 大臣会合に
ゼンテーシ r Plan)と 報告した。
ョン: 電気自動車
http://www の推進に力
.iea.org/sp を
eech/2010
/Tanaka/Se
ville.pdf
Electric Power Grid and Renewable Energy. " 26
Will Renewables be a solution ? Challenge to the
Grid for stable supply of the electricity."
19. Power
grid
in
Europe
ノ orwayー ルウェ
N
Max
Capacity
3.6
GW
最大発電容量
オランダ
Netherlands
29.8GW
Max
Capacity
最大発電容量
イギリス
UK
2.4
GW
19.8GW
3GW 3.9
GW
Max
Capacity
最大発電容量
75.5GW 2.4
GW
3.6
GW スウェ
ーデン
Sweden
2
GW Belgium
ベルギー 0.6
GW Max
Capacity
最大発電容量
Max
Capacity
2 GW
最大発電容量 32.6GW
15.8GW
0.6
GW
France
2.7
GW
フランス Germany
ドイツ
Max
Capacity
最大発電容量 Max
Capacity
最大発電容量
110.9GW 3.2
GW
0.5
GW 3.2
GW 129.1GW
3.5GW
:GeneraRon
capacity
Spain
スペイン 1.3
GW
Swiss
スイス
1.5
GW
1.1
GW 2.2
GW :maximum
powerflow
Max
Capacity
最大発電容量 Max
Capacity
最大発電容量 1.2
GW
93.5GW 1
GW 17.9GW 2
GW
1.8
GW
2.6
GW
0.5
GW
Italy
イタリア 4.2
GW
0.3
GW Austria
リ
オースト ア
Max
Capacity
最大発電容量 Max
Capacity
最大発電容量
93.1GW 18.9GW
0.2
GW
Source:
IEA 「Electricity
InformaRon
2010」
IndicaRve
value
for
Net
Transfer
CapaciRes
(NTC)
in
ConRnental
Europe
19
20. Power
grid
in
Japan
Hydro Gas
Coal
GeneraRng
company
Hokkaido
Nuclear
Oil
Other
In-‐house
Power
uRlity
company
generaRon
Tohoku
60 hz <-------
Chugoku
Kansai
Hokuriku
Tokyo
Kyushu
29GW
Shikoku
12GW
Okinawa
Chubu
---à 50 hz
2GW
40GW
Source: Agency
for
Natural
Resources
and
Energy,
The
Federation
of
Electric
Power
Companies
of
Japan, Electric
Power
System
Council
of
Japan,
The
International
Energy
Agency
20
22. Uncertainty
No.
7
第 15 回締約国会議(COP15)(12 月 7-18 日、コペンハーゲン)
12/14)、IEA デー
、450ppm シナリオ、省エ
— Climate Change
術ロードマップ、再生可能
Mitigation: Where
々な分析成果を発信した。
are we going"
— and what does this
ゼンテーション
mean to energy
eech/2009/tanaka/cop15.pdf
security?
ームページ
rk/workshopdetail.asp?WS_ID
23. highlight briefly why the scenario is needed. It is because (as illustrated in Figure 6.2) neither
the New Policies Scenario, our central scenario, nor the Current Policies Scenario puts us on
450
ppm
Scenmario
:
what
we
need
and
where
.
a future trajectory for greenhouse-gas emissions that is consistent with limiting the increase
in global temperature to no more than 2°C, the level climate scientists say is likely to avoid
catastrophic climate change. The 450 Scenario illustrates one plausible path to that objective.
Energy efficiency measures account for half the cumulative CO2 abatement achieved in the
Figure 6.2 World energy-related CO2 emissions by scenario2
450 Scenario, relative to the New Policies Scenario, over the Outlook period (Figure 6.4).
45 The scale of this reduction underlines the importance of strong policy action to ensure
IEA WEO 2011
Gt
OECD
that potential efficiency gains are realised, in such forms as building standards, vehicle fuel
28%
40
Non-OECD Current Policies economy mandatesGtand insistence on widespread use in industry of the best-available
71% 7
Scenario technologies (Box 6.3). After the cheaper energy efficiency measures are exploited early in
35
the Outlook period, more expensive abatement options take a larger share, and the annual
New Policies 33%
Scenario
30
share in abatement of efficiency measures falls to 44% in 2035. The increased adoption of
15 Gt
450 Scenario
renewable energy (including biofuels) is the second-most important source of CO2 abatement,
65%
25 relative to the New Policies Scenario, growing from a combined 19% in 2020 to 25% in 2035, or
a cumulative 24% over the period as a whole. Nuclear power grows rapidly in importance and
20 accounts for a cumulative 9%, while CCS also accounts for an increasing share, growing from
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2035
only 3% of total abatement in 2020 to 22% in 2035, or a cumulative 18%.
Note: There is also some abatement of inter-regional (bunker) emissions which, at less than 2% of the difference between
scenarios, is not visible in the 2035 shares.
Figure 6.4 World
In line with practice in previous World Energy Outlooks, we have estimated greenhouse-gasenergy-related CO2 emissions abatement in the
emissionsfromallsourcesandforallscenarios(Table6.1).Wehavethenassessedtheconsequences 450 Scenario relative to the New Policies Scenario
for long-term concentrations and temperature increases of such emissions trajectories.
38
Gt
The New Policies Scenario, which takes account of both existing government policies and New Policies Scenario Abatement
36
declared policy intentions (including cautious implementation of the Copenhagen Accord and 2020 2035
34
Cancun Agreements), would result in a level of emissions that is consistent with a long-term Efficiency 72% 44%
average temperature increase of more than 3.5°C (see Chapter 2 for energy trends in the New
32 Renewables 17% 21%
Policies Scenario). The outlook in the Current Policies Scenario, which assumes no change in
30 Biofuels 2% 4%
government policies and measures beyond those that were enacted or adopted by mid-2011,
is considerably worse, and is consistent with a long term temperature28
increase of 6°C or more. Nuclear 5% 9%
26 CCS 3% 22%
The trends and implications of the 450 Scenario, a scenario based on achieving an emissions
24
trajectory consistent with an average temperature increase of 2°C, are sometimes presented Total (Gt CO2) 2.5 14.8
here against the baseline of the New Policies Scenario to help demonstrate what more 450 Scenario
22
needs to be done, particularly in terms of carbon abatement. The main changes to the
20
450 Scenario in WEO-2011 relate to the policy assumptions, which reflect changes in 2020
2010 2015 2025 2030 2035
domestic and international energy and climate policies (Box 6.2). Non-policy assumptions
relating to energy and CO2 prices, GDP and population are presented in Chapter 1.
Box 6.3 Reaping abatement through efficiency in the 450 Scenario 23
2. In 2009, energy-related CO emissions contributed 61% to total greenhouse-gas emissions.
24. Russia n.a. 136 166 168 173 203 150 96
World 2 560 4 705 5 833 5 859 6 308 7 742 5 309 3 309
Share of non-OECD 46% 69% 74% 80% 74% 79% 74% 81%
Coal
is
abundant
but
CO2
intensive.
Share of China
Share of India
17%
3%
46%
8%
49%
11%
48%
15%
49%
11%
48%
15%
49%
10%
46%
16%
IEA WEO 2011
Figure 10.3 Incremental world primary coal demand by region and scenario
China
1990-2009 India
Other
Current Policies non-OECD
Scenario OECD
2009-2035
New Policies
Scenario
450 Scenario
-1 800 -1 200 -600 0 600 1 200 1 800 2 400 3 000 3 600
Mtce
The power sector remains the main driver of global coal demand over the projection period
24
25. The
door
to
2°C
is
closing,
but
will
we
be
“locked-‐in”
?
IEA WEO 2011
CO2
emissions
(giggatonnes)
45
6°C
trajectory
40
35
30
2°C
trajectory
25
20 Delay
unRl
2017
Delay
unRl
2015
15
10 Emissions
from
exisRng
5 infrastructure
0
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Without
further
ac0on,
by
2017
all
CO2
emissions
permi]ed
in
the
450
Scenario
will
be
“locked-‐in”
by
exis0ng
power
plants,
factories,
buildings,
etc
26. Energy
poverty
is
widespread
Source International Energy Agency
— 1.3
billion
people
in
the
world
live
without
electricity
— and
2.7
billion
live
without
clean
cooking
faciliRes
28. Diversity : Energy mix as Energy
Security Mix
ASEAN
96%
30%
0%
IEA
51%
8%
11%
EU
27
26%
10%
14%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
Self sufficiency
=inland production / tpes
(2010 estimates)
Nuclear
is
an
important
op0on
for
countries
with
limited
indigenous
energy
resources
(low
energy
sustainability).
28
29. Strategic
Petroleum
Reserve:
Does
the
current
IEA
system
conRnue
to
work?
IEA
stockholding
cover
of
global
oil
demand
60% 40
35
Growing
share
of
50%
non-‐OECD
oil
days
of
world
oil
demand
cover
30
%
share
of
world
oil
demand
40% demand
results
in
25
declining
global
30% 20
demand
cover
20%
15
from
IEA
oil
stocks
10
10%
5
0% -‐
IEA
90
days
of
stockholding,
share
of
world
demand
with
China
with
India
with
A SEAN
Share
of
non-‐OECD
in
global
oil
demand
29
30. Overseas Investments by Chinese National Oil Companies: Assessing the Drivers and Impacts
30
31. ConnecRng
MENA
and
Europe:
"
Desertec"
as
“Energy
for
Peace"
Source:
DESRETEC
FoundaRon
31
33. Energy for Peace in Asia ? A New Vision
Demand Leveling (Time Zone & Climate Difference)
Stable Supply (through regional interdependence)
Fair Electricity Price
Vladivostok
Vladivostok
Gobi Desert
Gobi Desert
Beijing
Beijing Seoul
Seoul Phase 3
Chengdu
Chengdu Tokyo
Asia
Tokyo
Delhi
Delhi Bhutan
Bhutan Shanghai
Shanghai
Hong Kong
Super Grid
Dacca
Dacca Hong Kong Taipei
Taipei
Bangkok
Bangkok Manila
Mumbai
Mumbai Manila
Kuala Lumpur
Kuala Lumpur
Singapore
Total 36,000km
Singapore
Presentation by Mr. Masayoshi SON
33
34. One cannot enhance energy security by
risking someone else‘s: Role of International
Organizations in Energy Sector
-IEA vs IAEA: energy vs nuclear security and safety
-IEA vs IRENA: energy vs Renewables in developing
countries
-IEA vs OPEC: oil consumer vs producer
-IEA vs EU, ASEAN, APEC: global vs regional
-IEA vs UNFCCC: energy vs Climate change
-IEA vs OECD: energy security vs economy
-IEA vs WB: security vs development
-IEA vs WTO: security vs trade
-IEA vs G8, G20: energy security vs global governance
-IEA vs UN: energy security vs energy access