2007 biased reflectometry_international_zurich_congress_on_emc_september_2007

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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness and well-being.

2007 biased reflectometry_international_zurich_congress_on_emc_september_2007

A classical way to model lossy TL is to apply the Vector Fitting (VF) technique to theoretical frequency domain impedance expression taking into account both conductor and dielectric losses. The resulting poles and zeros can be implemented by a cascade of unit cells containing a lumped RLC circuit and a transmission line. To get a wideband (40Ghz) model a suitable number of cells and a sub-picosecond simulation time step are required to get accurate results. This VF technique has been applied to a RG58 coaxial cable and the resulting circuit has been simulated in time domain using DWS. The results are then compared at 40Gb/s to those coming from CST Cable Studio up showing a very good agreement with a DWS/CST speedup of about 710X.

Cseltmuseum post records_dec.2012-july2013Piero Belforte

VECTOR VS PIECEWISE-LINEAR FITTING FOR SIGNAL AND POWER INTEGRITY SIMULATION

Piero Belforte

The basic concepts of two fitting methods suitable for signal and power integrity simulation up to multi-gigabit/sec rates are presented. The traditional method is based on Vector Fitting (VF), a well known technique to approximate complex functions of frequency by a rational polynomial expression in terms of poles and residues. The second is a full time-domain approach mainly based on behavioral models supported by the Digital Wave Simulator. PWLFIT/DWS advantages over VECTFIT/Spice can be summarized with the 3S acronym: SIMPLICITY, STABILITY and SPEED. SIMPLICITY because the pwl fitting of a time-domain behavior is a very fast, explicit and intuitive process that doens't need the solution of implicit equations as required by Vector fitting. Time-domain S-parameter of actual devices in matched conditions shows simpler behaviors than the corresponding impedance in the frequency domain. STABILITY because the use of Digital Wave processing is intrinsically very stable. Extracted pwl behaviors processed by fast convolution within DWS are unconditionally stable if the source behavior is stable. This means that NO numerical conditioning is required. As known Vector Fitting often require numerical conditioning to get stable results. SPEED: time-domain pwl fitting is a very fast process. DWS simulations are also very fast even at very small time steps required by multigigabit system analysis. DWS/SPICE typical speedups are 100X for traditional VF derived RLC-TL circuits and up to 10000X when using pwl Behavioral Models in time domain.

1993 new modelling&simulation_environment_pb_gen_1993_full_slide_collectionPiero Belforte

2012 pb vi trajectory plots for transmission line models evaluation

Piero Belforte

SWAN/DWS micro-behavioral power/gnd plane modelling.

Piero Belforte

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Piero Belforte

Cseltmuseum expanded post records from june 9 2015 to june 19 2015

Piero Belforte

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Piero Belforte

2013 pb rg58 coax cable models and measurements

Piero Belforte

1974 pb cselt_gs_short_circuit_issues_on_pds_manuscripts (1) (1)Piero Belforte

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Piero Belforte

2012 pb vi trajectory plots for transmission line models evaluationPiero Belforte

DIGITAL WAVE FORMULATION OF QUASI-STATIC PEEC METHOD

Piero Belforte

Digital Wave Simulation of Lossy Lines for Multi-Gigabit Applications

Piero Belforte

Frequency domain Vector Fitting (VF) is a well known technique to generate circuital models of a spatially discretized lossy transmission lines from theoretical formulation of losses. The sub-picosecond time steps required by multi-gigahertz bandwidths and short transmission lines included in the models, determine long Spice simulation times. A 100X speedup can be gained using the Digital Wave Simulator (DWS) instead of Spice. DWS processes the waves of a Digital Network built up connecting together scattering blocks (circuit elements, nodes and S-parameter multi-ports) coming from a Spice-like description. Being a DSP wave processor instead of a classical nodal equations solver, DWS is computationally very fast and numerically stable. Comparisons with commercial simulators like Microcap11 and CST Cable Studio show a good matching of results. A further 10-100X simulation speedup is obtained if Piecewise-Linear Fitting (PWLF) is used to describe the time-domain behaviors of Scattering Parameters. Single or multiple cell Behavioral Time Models (BTM) can be extracted by PWLF from TDR/TDT measurements and processed by DWS fast convolution algorithms. A setup de-embedding can be performed by pwl breakpoints optimization to fit actual measurements. A RG58 coaxial cable is analyzed and its VF-derived eye-diagrams are compared to PWLF measurement-derived results. At multi-gigabit rates significant differences, due to cable physical implementation effects, are observed. The modeling/simulation alternatives (VF/Spice, VF/DWS and PWLF/DWS) are compared together and the advantages of PWLF/DWS in term of simplicity, stability and speed are highlighted.

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Cseltmuseum post records_dec.2012-july2013

VECTOR VS PIECEWISE-LINEAR FITTING FOR SIGNAL AND POWER INTEGRITY SIMULATION

1993 new modelling&simulation_environment_pb_gen_1993_full_slide_collection

2012 pb vi trajectory plots for transmission line models evaluation

SWAN/DWS micro-behavioral power/gnd plane modelling.

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Cseltmuseum expanded post records from june 9 2015 to june 19 2015

1990 pb historical_brochure_pcb_post_layout

2013 pb rg58 coax cable models and measurements

1974 pb cselt_gs_short_circuit_issues_on_pds_manuscripts (1) (1)

1990 pb historical_brochure_high_performance_systems

2012 pb vi trajectory plots for transmission line models evaluation

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A parallel-plate capacitor implemented by a rectangular double-sided printed circuit board is characterized by means a stimulus signal injected at a corner. Both frequency-domain (VNA) and time-domain (TDR) techniques are utilized to determine the step response of the reflected wave (S11) to be compared to the theoretical behavior of the equivalent parallel plate capacitance. A commercial application is utilized to convert the frequency domain tabulated data of the frequency response into the corresponding TDR response. A very accurate and fast 2D TLM (Transmission Line Model) model can be easily extracted from these single time-domain experimental responses.

Automated Piecewise-Linear Fitting of S-Parameters step-response (PWLFIT) for...

Piero Belforte

An innovative full time-domain macromodeling technique for general, linear multiport systems is described. The methodology is defined in a digital wave framework and timedomain simulations are performed via an efficient method called Segment Fast Convolution (SFC). It is based on a piecewiseconstant (PWC) model of the impulse response of scattering parameters, computed starting from a piecewise-linear fitting of their step response (PWLFIT). Such step response is directly available from time-domain reflectometer measurements (TDR/TDT) or equivalent simulations. The model-building phase is performed in a fast automated framework and an analytic formulation of computational efficiency of the SFC with respect to the standard time-domain convolution is given. Two application examples are used to verify the PWLFIT performance and to perform a comparison with macromodeling methods defined in the frequency-domain, such as Vector Fitting (VF). Index Terms—Digital wave models, time-domain macromodeling, S-parameters, step response.

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This document describes the modeling methodology used to assess the performance of these probes in terms of allowed digital bandwidth of signals chosen for temporary fault insertion trials. This methodology is based on time-domain characterization of Scattering parameters (TDR/TDT) and subsequent extraction of a Behavioral Time-domain Model (BTM) [13] of the probe itself. This technique called PWLFIT (Piece-Wise Linear FITting) [14] [15]is supported by the Digital Wave Simulator DWS [16] [17] and its companion tool DWV [18] developed starting in the early '90s for very fast modeling and simulation of high-speed circuits and systems.

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