This document summarizes the major political events in Pakistan from 1947 to 1958. During this period, Pakistan experienced leadership changes as it transitioned from its founding as an independent nation under Jinnah to periods under various prime ministers and governors-general. Key events included the Kashmir crisis in 1948, the Objectives Resolution in 1949 establishing Islam as the guiding principle, and the establishment of the One Unit system in 1955. The first constitution was introduced in 1956, though martial law was declared in 1958 under Ayub Khan.
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
Pakistan Constitutional History 1956 to 1973FaHaD .H. NooR
Abrogation of 1956’s constitution and Imposition of Martial Law (1958)
Introduction of Basic Democracies by Mr. Ayub Khan (1959)
Formulation of 1962’s Constitution
Constitution of 1962
Salient features of 1962’s Constitution
Abrogation of the 1962’s Constitution & Imposition of Martial law by Mr. Yahya Khan (1969)
1973 Constitution
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
power point document on general zia ul haq's policies, his early life, his governance, afghan miracle, zia as president and chief martial law administrator
What are the salient features of the Objective Resolution ?
What is the worth of Objective Resolution in Pakistan’s Political and constituent history?
Attributes of the Objective Resolution
Worth of Objective Resolution
Constitutions and political crisis in pakistan (1947-2014)Tallat Satti
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1947-56)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1957-72)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1973-88)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1989-2000)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan(2001-2014)
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
Pakistan Constitutional History 1956 to 1973FaHaD .H. NooR
Abrogation of 1956’s constitution and Imposition of Martial Law (1958)
Introduction of Basic Democracies by Mr. Ayub Khan (1959)
Formulation of 1962’s Constitution
Constitution of 1962
Salient features of 1962’s Constitution
Abrogation of the 1962’s Constitution & Imposition of Martial law by Mr. Yahya Khan (1969)
1973 Constitution
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
power point document on general zia ul haq's policies, his early life, his governance, afghan miracle, zia as president and chief martial law administrator
What are the salient features of the Objective Resolution ?
What is the worth of Objective Resolution in Pakistan’s Political and constituent history?
Attributes of the Objective Resolution
Worth of Objective Resolution
Constitutions and political crisis in pakistan (1947-2014)Tallat Satti
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1947-56)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1957-72)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1973-88)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan (1989-2000)
Constitutional and political crisis in Pakistan(2001-2014)
An Overview of the History of Pakistan: 1947 - 1973 Waleed Liaqat
Describes early problems faced by Pakistan as an independent state.
Major events between 1947 and 1973 are given in a timeline. Foreign relations between Pakistan and power states such as China,Former USSR and US are also described.
Chat history
ChatGPT
New chat
Today
Poverty: Global Issue, Solutions
Yesterday
PEMRA Regulation and Oversight
Previous 7 Days
Lucknow Pact Unity.
Insert barcode into Word
Reading Skills Overview
Previous 30 Days
Ad Models: Types of Ads
Pakistani Advertainment Types
Advertainment Types in Pakistan
Pakistani Advertainment: Engage Consumers
Political Evolution: 1930-1947
Political Developments 1930-1947
iPhone Procurement Policy
Quant Reasoning in SocialSci
Earn iPhone with Freelancing
Warriors Founded in 1946
Stats: Mean, Median, Mode.
February
Personality Factors Explained
Literature & Media Studies Universities
Character Mastery Guide
January
Enthusiastic Saf Quotes
AP General Term, 11th Term
Eggless Batter: Texture Impact
Moist Cake Baking
Orange Peels Enhance Flavor
WebChatGPT
Cake Making Precautions
Seoul Offbeat 4-Day Itinerary
Do not precede Allah.
Upgrade planGet GPT-4, DALL·E, and more
ChatGPT 3.5
User
Write a brief note on poverty
ChatGPT
Poverty is a multifaceted social issue characterized by the lack of sufficient resources needed to meet basic human needs, such as food, shelter, education, and healthcare. It is a global phenomenon affecting millions of people across the world, regardless of geographic location, race, or culture. Poverty can manifest in various forms, including absolute poverty, where individuals lack the basic necessities for survival, and relative poverty, which refers to the inability to maintain the standard of living common in a particular society.
Several factors contribute to the perpetuation of poverty, including unequal distribution of wealth, limited access to education and employment opportunities, inadequate healthcare services, political instability, environmental degradation, and systemic discrimination based on factors such as gender, ethnicity, or disability.
The consequences of poverty are far-reaching and severe, impacting individuals, families, and communities. It undermines human dignity, restricts opportunities for social mobility, and exacerbates inequalities. Poverty often leads to malnutrition, poor health outcomes, inadequate housing, limited access to education, and increased vulnerability to exploitation and violence.
Efforts to alleviate poverty require a comprehensive approach involving government policies, social programs, economic empowerment initiatives, and community-based interventions. Addressing poverty involves strategies aimed at promoting inclusive economic growth, ensuring equitable distribution of resources, improving access to education and healthcare, empowering marginalized communities, and fostering sustainable development practices.
Despite ongoing efforts, poverty remains a persistent challenge worldwide, necessitating continued commitment and collaboration across sectors to
Foreign Policy
Aims of foreign policy of Pakistan
China and Pakistan’s Relations
Relationship’s History of Pakistan and America
India-Pakistan Relations
Kashmir Conflict
Pak-Afghan Relations
The Team Member and Guest Experience - Lead and Take Care of your restaurant team. They are the people closest to and delivering Hospitality to your paying Guests!
Make the call, and we can assist you.
408-784-7371
Foodservice Consulting + Design
Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to radically reinvent the way we do business. This study explores how CEOs and top decision makers around the world are responding to the transformative potential of AI.
The case study discusses the potential of drone delivery and the challenges that need to be addressed before it becomes widespread.
Key takeaways:
Drone delivery is in its early stages: Amazon's trial in the UK demonstrates the potential for faster deliveries, but it's still limited by regulations and technology.
Regulations are a major hurdle: Safety concerns around drone collisions with airplanes and people have led to restrictions on flight height and location.
Other challenges exist: Who will use drone delivery the most? Is it cost-effective compared to traditional delivery trucks?
Discussion questions:
Managerial challenges: Integrating drones requires planning for new infrastructure, training staff, and navigating regulations. There are also marketing and recruitment considerations specific to this technology.
External forces vary by country: Regulations, consumer acceptance, and infrastructure all differ between countries.
Demographics matter: Younger generations might be more receptive to drone delivery, while older populations might have concerns.
Stakeholders for Amazon: Customers, regulators, aviation authorities, and competitors are all stakeholders. Regulators likely hold the greatest influence as they determine the feasibility of drone delivery.
Oprah Winfrey: A Leader in Media, Philanthropy, and Empowerment | CIO Women M...CIOWomenMagazine
This person is none other than Oprah Winfrey, a highly influential figure whose impact extends beyond television. This article will delve into the remarkable life and lasting legacy of Oprah. Her story serves as a reminder of the importance of perseverance, compassion, and firm determination.
Senior Project and Engineering Leader Jim Smith.pdfJim Smith
I am a Project and Engineering Leader with extensive experience as a Business Operations Leader, Technical Project Manager, Engineering Manager and Operations Experience for Domestic and International companies such as Electrolux, Carrier, and Deutz. I have developed new products using Stage Gate development/MS Project/JIRA, for the pro-duction of Medical Equipment, Large Commercial Refrigeration Systems, Appliances, HVAC, and Diesel engines.
My experience includes:
Managed customized engineered refrigeration system projects with high voltage power panels from quote to ship, coordinating actions between electrical engineering, mechanical design and application engineering, purchasing, production, test, quality assurance and field installation. Managed projects $25k to $1M per project; 4-8 per month. (Hussmann refrigeration)
Successfully developed the $15-20M yearly corporate capital strategy for manufacturing, with the Executive Team and key stakeholders. Created project scope and specifications, business case, ROI, managed project plans with key personnel for nine consumer product manufacturing and distribution sites; to support the company’s strategic sales plan.
Over 15 years of experience managing and developing cost improvement projects with key Stakeholders, site Manufacturing Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, Maintenance, and facility support personnel to optimize pro-duction operations, safety, EHS, and new product development. (BioLab, Deutz, Caire)
Experience working as a Technical Manager developing new products with chemical engineers and packaging engineers to enhance and reduce the cost of retail products. I have led the activities of multiple engineering groups with diverse backgrounds.
Great experience managing the product development of products which utilize complex electrical controls, high voltage power panels, product testing, and commissioning.
Created project scope, business case, ROI for multiple capital projects to support electrotechnical assembly and CPG goods. Identified project cost, risk, success criteria, and performed equipment qualifications. (Carrier, Electrolux, Biolab, Price, Hussmann)
Created detailed projects plans using MS Project, Gant charts in excel, and updated new product development in Jira for stakeholders and project team members including critical path.
Great knowledge of ISO9001, NFPA, OSHA regulations.
User level knowledge of MRP/SAP, MS Project, Powerpoint, Visio, Mastercontrol, JIRA, Power BI and Tableau.
I appreciate your consideration, and look forward to discussing this role with you, and how I can lead your company’s growth and profitability. I can be contacted via LinkedIn via phone or E Mail.
Jim Smith
678-993-7195
jimsmith30024@gmail.com
4. 1947
Liaquat Ali khan (1st PM 1947-1951, Natural Choice as contributions to the struggle for
independence were numerous)
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1st Gov. Gen. 1947-48)
Post Independence Problems (clothing shelter and feeding of Refugees,Indus
Water,transactions of personnel,stationery,food,industry,Treasure and war weapons
distribution,Accession of Princely States).
Jinnah - Mountbatten Talks (Nov1,1947,3.5 hours duration,about Kashmir
Issue,ended with no result).
5. 1111!11 1948
Kashmir Crisis (Full-scale war ensued between India & Pak for Accession,Matter went to
Security council,Solution came out to b a Plebiscite and demarcation of ceasefire
line,remained existed since 1949.Pak:Poonch,West Kashmir,Jammu,Lakadh,Ind:Kashmir
valley,Jammu,Remaining Ladakh)
Jinnah passed away (got TB,by the end Cancer too, 11sept, 1948,buried in KHI ).
Khwaja Nazimuddin (2nd Gov. Gen.1948-51).
6. 1949
Objectives Resolution is passed (Mar 12,1949.Objectives:Sovereignty belongs to
Allah,Chosen representatives shall exercise power,Muslims pass lives as per Islam’s
teachings,Assuarnce of democracy freedom equality tolerance & justice,shall b a
federation,Availability of basic rights,Independent judiciary,Freedom to minorities).
Basic Principles Committee (Mar 12, 1949. Nazimuddin, comprised of 24 members, to
determine basic principles of future constitution of Pakistan,created bitternes btw East & West
Pak, resulted in a deadlock towards the formation of constitution)
7. LIAQUAT-NEHRU PACT
• Between both the PM’s of Ind & Pak.
• Apr 8, 1950.
• Aim: 1. to elevate communal peace. 2. to elevate fears of minorities.
3. to create atmosphere in which both countries can resolve
differences.
• Considered to b an optimistic beginning of healthy relations formation
btw Ind & Pak.
8. 1951
Khawaja Nazimuddin becomes PM (after assassination of Liaquat on 16 oct,
1951. remained in power 1951-53. Downfall causes: 1.power struggle of that time, 2. meekness
of character.
Ghulam Muhammad becomes Gov. Gen. (to change the status quo of
executive powers, he dismissed Nazimuddin in Apr 17, 1953, 3rd Gov. Gen.)
9. 1953
Muhammad Ali Bogra becomes PM (after Nazimuddin. He worked hard for
settling Kashmir issue. Dismissed by Sikandar Mirza on Aug8,1955. Tenure 1953-55)
Bogra-Nehru negotiations (argued Nehru to realize the desirability of settling Kashmir
dispute. Met informally in London in June 1953, & in July i953 in Karachi. He suggested a fair
plebiscite in Kashmir, but by sept 21,1954 he realized that talks regarding Kashmir have failed)
Bogra Formula (Oct7,1953. bicameral legislature. = representation of all 5 provinces in
upper house. 300 seats in lower house on proportionate basis. A conflict btw the two houses
will going to b reffered to join session.
10. 1955
Chaudhry Muhammad Ali becomes PM (Aug 11,1955. greatest achievement
was framing 1956 constitution. He resigned himself.)
Sikandar Mirza becomes Gov. Gen. (Aug 1955. 4th Gov. Gen. elected as 1st
president)
West Pakistan established as One Unit (Sept 30,1955.Assembly passed the bill
merging 310,000 sq miles into one unit with LHR as provincial capital. Continued until Gen.
yahya dissolved it on July 1,1970 )
11. 1956
The Constitution of 1956 (enforced on 23 Mar, 1956. Pakistan became Republican
after Dominian. Consisted of 234 articles, divevd into 13 parts & 6 schedules. Main feature:
Islamic character. Provided unicameral legislature. Continued till Oct7, 1958.
H.S Suhrawardy becomes PM (Sept 12,1956. resigned on Oct 10,1957. downfall
causes: 1. Appropriate electorate,2. differences over 1 unit.)
Sikandar Mirza becomes President(after 1956 constitution enforcement. Tenure
1956-58. 1. brought about cabinet changes. 2. advocated democracy. Arrested and exiled
to Britian)
12. 1957
I.I Chundrigar becomes PM (Oct 1957, Sikandar appointed him as PM held a weak
position)
Malik Feroz Khan Noon becomes PM(Dec16,1957. he took prime ministry which
lasted for less than a year because of abrogation of constitution on Oct 7/8,1958).
13. 1958
Ouster of President Sikandar Mirza (Oct7,1958. Sikandar declared Martial law and
Gen. Ayub Khan became Chief Martial law administrator. Having more powers. He arrested
Sikandar on Oct 27,1958 who exiled to Britian and died later on.)
Martial Law under field Martial Ayub Khan (1958-62).
Gen Ayub khan entitled him as Field Martial,under Martial law oct 7, 1958:
• Constitution abrogated.
• Ministers were dismissed.
• asemblies were dissolved.
• All political activities were banned.