The document discusses the growth of green energy sources and policies to support their adoption. Many governments around the world have implemented renewable portfolio standards and incentives to increase investment and development of wind, solar, and other renewable resources. These policies have led to significant cost reductions and made green energy more economically viable over the past decade.
This document discusses frequency domain control strategies for active filters. It begins by introducing the issues caused by harmonics from non-linear loads and how active power filters can help compensate. It then discusses some common control techniques for active filters including the p-q theory, d-q theory, and hysteresis current control. Simulation results are presented showing the FFT algorithm achieving over 90% compensation of harmonics when used with a shunt active filter under steady state balanced conditions. The document concludes that FFT-based control is effective at compensating harmonics from constant non-linear loads.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
Pll based shunt active harmonic filter to compensate multiple non linear loadsIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on a shunt active power filter used to compensate for multiple non-linear loads. It uses a phase locked loop (PLL) to generate a reference current signal that is in phase with the source voltage. A hysteresis controller compares the reference current to the measured compensation currents to produce switching signals for an IGBT inverter. Simulation results show the filter can compensate for current harmonics from diode rectifier loads and reduce total harmonic distortion. The proposed filter uses PLL and hysteresis control to estimate the reference current and control the inverter to inject compensation currents.
IRJET-Harmonic Elimination in Three Phase System by Means of a Shunt Active F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on using a shunt active power filter to eliminate harmonics in a three-phase power system. The paper introduces the problem of harmonics produced by non-linear loads distorting current and voltage waveforms. It then discusses passive and active harmonic filtering techniques, focusing on the shunt active power filter. Key control strategies for the shunt active filter are described, including the p-q theory method and d-q synchronous reference frame method. The document provides mathematical models of these control methods and presents simulation results demonstrating harmonic elimination using a shunt active power filter in MATLAB/Simulink.
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.
IRJET- Harmonic Mitigation for Power Quality Improvement using Active Power F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates using an active power filter with current control strategies to mitigate harmonics generated by nonlinear loads. It begins with an introduction to harmonics and different filter types, including passive filters and active power filters. It then describes the objectives and methodology of using a shunt active power filter with p-q theory and d-q control strategies in MATLAB simulations. Simulation results are presented and control strategies are compared based on their ability to reduce harmonic distortion below IEEE standards.
A Review On Voltage Regulators Placement In Unbalanced Radial Distribution Sy...paperpublications3
This document summarizes research on optimally placing voltage regulators in unbalanced radial distribution systems. It discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select voltage regulator locations and tap settings to minimize power losses while maintaining voltage levels. The document reviews several related works that use techniques like PSO, genetic algorithms, and tabu search to determine capacitor and voltage regulator placements. It also presents the methodology of using power loss indices to initially select candidate locations before applying PSO to finalize placements and tap settings. The goal is to improve the voltage profile and reduce losses in distribution systems.
In any power system, unexpected outages of lines or transformers occur due to faults or other disturbances. These events, referred to as contingencies, may cause significant overloading of transmission lines or transformers. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers provide a new facilities, both in steady state power flow control and dynamic stability control. Thyrister Controlled Series Capacitor (TSCS) based FACTS device for minimize the losses and power flow in long distance transmission line. The problem of determining the optimal TCSC parameters is formulated as an optimization problem and a N-R method based approach is applied to solve the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem. Programme is done on 3 bus system by N-R method.
This document discusses frequency domain control strategies for active filters. It begins by introducing the issues caused by harmonics from non-linear loads and how active power filters can help compensate. It then discusses some common control techniques for active filters including the p-q theory, d-q theory, and hysteresis current control. Simulation results are presented showing the FFT algorithm achieving over 90% compensation of harmonics when used with a shunt active filter under steady state balanced conditions. The document concludes that FFT-based control is effective at compensating harmonics from constant non-linear loads.
Power Quality Improvement in 3-Φ Power System with Shunt Active filter using ...AI Publications
Research paper focuses on enhancement of the power quality, Harmonic reduction and Reactive power compensation . Power quality problems became the foremost important concern now a days. Active filters with synchronous detection methodologies are vividly employed in distribution system to be sure that the harmonics generated by non-linear loads is reduced and leads to less voltage distortion and leads to lesser power superiority problems. The three physical characteristics that mostly underline the power quality and a power quality issues are Voltage, Current and Frequency. Harmonics is defined as a disturbance demonstrated in current or voltage or frequency waveforms which result in devastation, or failure of final equipment ..This paper examines the control of Shunt Active Power Filter with Synchronous Detection Method . Simulation results using MATLAB SIMULINK demonstrates the application of these methods to the control of Active Power Filter . Moreover, this work shows that how the power quality improvement in 3 phase is done with Synchronous Detection Method .
Pll based shunt active harmonic filter to compensate multiple non linear loadsIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on a shunt active power filter used to compensate for multiple non-linear loads. It uses a phase locked loop (PLL) to generate a reference current signal that is in phase with the source voltage. A hysteresis controller compares the reference current to the measured compensation currents to produce switching signals for an IGBT inverter. Simulation results show the filter can compensate for current harmonics from diode rectifier loads and reduce total harmonic distortion. The proposed filter uses PLL and hysteresis control to estimate the reference current and control the inverter to inject compensation currents.
IRJET-Harmonic Elimination in Three Phase System by Means of a Shunt Active F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on using a shunt active power filter to eliminate harmonics in a three-phase power system. The paper introduces the problem of harmonics produced by non-linear loads distorting current and voltage waveforms. It then discusses passive and active harmonic filtering techniques, focusing on the shunt active power filter. Key control strategies for the shunt active filter are described, including the p-q theory method and d-q synchronous reference frame method. The document provides mathematical models of these control methods and presents simulation results demonstrating harmonic elimination using a shunt active power filter in MATLAB/Simulink.
In This paper we present experimental comparative study of feedBack Linearized and Proportional Integral (PI) Controller of the DC bus voltage of three phase shunt Active Power Filter (APF). The FeedBack Linearized and PI controllers are introduced to improve tracking performance characteristics, power quality and minimized consumption of the reactive power. The algorithm used to identify the reference currents is based on the Self Tuning Filter (STF). The firing pulses of the IGBTs inverter are generated using a hysteresis current controller; which is implemented on an analogue card. Finally, the above study, under steady state and transient conditions, is illustrated with signal-flow graphs and corresponding analysis. This study was verified by experimental tests on hardware prototype based on dSPACE-1104. The experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the designed active filter, associated with Feedback Linearized and PI controllers and are capability in meeting the IEEE 519-1992 recommended harmonic standard limits.
IRJET- Harmonic Mitigation for Power Quality Improvement using Active Power F...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates using an active power filter with current control strategies to mitigate harmonics generated by nonlinear loads. It begins with an introduction to harmonics and different filter types, including passive filters and active power filters. It then describes the objectives and methodology of using a shunt active power filter with p-q theory and d-q control strategies in MATLAB simulations. Simulation results are presented and control strategies are compared based on their ability to reduce harmonic distortion below IEEE standards.
A Review On Voltage Regulators Placement In Unbalanced Radial Distribution Sy...paperpublications3
This document summarizes research on optimally placing voltage regulators in unbalanced radial distribution systems. It discusses using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to select voltage regulator locations and tap settings to minimize power losses while maintaining voltage levels. The document reviews several related works that use techniques like PSO, genetic algorithms, and tabu search to determine capacitor and voltage regulator placements. It also presents the methodology of using power loss indices to initially select candidate locations before applying PSO to finalize placements and tap settings. The goal is to improve the voltage profile and reduce losses in distribution systems.
In any power system, unexpected outages of lines or transformers occur due to faults or other disturbances. These events, referred to as contingencies, may cause significant overloading of transmission lines or transformers. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers provide a new facilities, both in steady state power flow control and dynamic stability control. Thyrister Controlled Series Capacitor (TSCS) based FACTS device for minimize the losses and power flow in long distance transmission line. The problem of determining the optimal TCSC parameters is formulated as an optimization problem and a N-R method based approach is applied to solve the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem. Programme is done on 3 bus system by N-R method.
A new fuzzy based control strategy for three phase shunt active power filtersIAEME Publication
This document discusses a new fuzzy-based control strategy for three-phase shunt active power filters. It begins with an abstract that introduces active power filters and describes a current control scheme that does not require a harmonic detector but uses two current sensors on the supply side. A fuzzy controller and vector PI controller are used for effective harmonic compensation to make the supply current sinusoidal. The proposed control scheme improves accuracy and is not affected by harmonic tracking as it does not use a harmonic detector. The rest of the document provides details on the proposed control strategy, including generating reference currents, typical control schemes for active power filters using PI and VPI controllers, and the advantages of the new fuzzy-based control strategy.
WAVELET- FUZZY BASED MULTI TERMINAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME IN ...ijfls
In This Paper, A New Protection Scheme In The Areas Of Accurate Fault Detection, Classification And
Location Estimation For Multi Terminal Transmission System Compensated With Statcom Is Proposed.
The Fault Indices Of All The Phases At All The Terminals Are Obtained By Analyzing The Detail
Coefficients Of Current Signals Through Bior 1.5 Mother Wavelet. The Complete Digital Simulation Of A
Transmission System With Statcom Is Performed Using Matlab /Simulink For Fault Detection,
Classification, And Faulty Terminal Identification With Variations In Fault Distance And Fault Inception
Angle For All Types Of Faults And Fuzzy Inference System Is Used To Estimate The Fault Location. The
Protection Scheme Yielded Accurate Results Within Half Cycle And Show That The Above Scheme Is
Suitable For Multi Terminal Transmission System With And Without Statcom Compensation.
Improvement of the electric power quality usingVikram Rawani
A control algorithm for a three-phase hybrid power
filter is proposed.It is constituted by a series active filter and a passive filter connected in parallel with the load.
Performance Evaluation of GA optimized Shunt Active Power Filter for Constant...ijeei-iaes
Sinusoidal Current Control strategy for extracting reference currents for shunt active power filters have been modified using Genetic Algorithm and its performances have been compared. The acute analysis of Comparison of the compensation capability based on THD and speedwell be done, and recommendations will be given for the choice of technique to be used. The simulated results using MATLAB model are shown, and they will undoubtedly prove the importance of the proposed control technique of aircraft shunt APF.
Design of shunt active power filter to mitigate harmonicsager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
Power electronics play a significant role in different areas of technology, more usage of power electronic devices lead to more harmonic content and various power quality issues in the system. Therefore, power quality gains more significance in the current era of research. Power electronics equipment’s with non-linear loads concludes with more harmonic disturbances and lower power factor. Harmonic impurities are the major problem ingredient due to the connection of non-linear load. To lessen the harmonics usually passive filters are used. The major objective of this work is to monitor and analyse the power quality of uninterrupted power supply by means of DAQ system that gathers real time data on the system and then the data is analysed using National Instruments LabVIEW. Once power quality analysis is done, a new technique of filter implementation using output transformer of the UPS was explored and passive filter was simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and then simulated filter was implemented in order to achieve power quality improvement.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Closed Loop Non Linear Control of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonics Mit...IAES-IJPEDS
In recent years, the amount of non-linear loads has increased considerably since there were improvements in power electronic equipment (such as adjustable speed drives or converter ac-dc, ac-ac, dc-ac and dc-dc) in industrial sectors which cause deterioration of the quality of the electric power supply through distortion of supply voltage and supply current. This has led to improvement of many stringent needs regarding generation of harmonic current, which are found in IEEE519 and IEC61000 standards. This paper proposes a non-linear function based closed loop control strategy (without load current extraction) for three-phase Shunt Active Power Line Conditioner and LC passive filter to compensate harmonics, power factor improvement and enhance the dynamic performance of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter (SHPF). By using a PI controller the DC bus voltage of the Shunt Active Power Filter is maintained constant. Results obtained from simulation shows the performance of expected hybrid filter in transient and steady state operation . This indicates that the controller is able to compensate even under severe load current imbalances.
The document discusses harmonic mitigation in power systems to reduce transmission losses. It describes how the increasing use of power electronics devices introduces harmonics and reactive power issues. A 48-pulse voltage source inverter StatCom configuration is proposed and analyzed through simulation. The StatCom utilizes four three-level converters linked by phase-shifting transformers to generate low harmonic voltage waveforms. Simulation results show the StatCom is effective in mitigating harmonics, improving power quality, regulating voltage, and reducing transformer loading. A techno-economic analysis indicates it can provide approximately $2 lakh yearly savings with a six year payback period.
Power quality improvement by series active power filter- a reviewIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using a series active power filter to improve power quality by compensating for voltage distortions. It discusses how power quality issues have increased due to more nonlinear loads. A series active power filter works by injecting a compensating voltage in series with the supply voltage to regulate the voltage and reduce harmonics. The document reviews the configuration of a series active power filter system and its control scheme, which uses a phase-locked loop and reference voltage generation to produce compensating voltages based on supply voltage measurements. It aims to demonstrate how a series active power filter can effectively improve voltage quality for customers by compensating for issues like sags, swells, and harmonics from nonlinear loads.
Under voltage load shedding for contingency analysis to optimize power loss ...elelijjournal
Power system contingency is a condition of operation which may be caused due to line outage in a system
and could lead to entire system voltage instability. This may further result in voltage collapse leading to total blackout of the system. Therefore, voltage collapse prediction and estimating voltage stability margin
is an important task in power system operation and planning. In this paper Line Stability Index Lij utilizing
the concept of power flow in a single line is adopted to determine the condition of voltage instability. The
purpose of Lij is to determine the point of voltage instability, the weakest bus in the system and the critical
line referred to a bus. Analytical approach based technique for load shedding has been developed as a solution for secured operation of power system under various contingency conditions to optimize the power
flow in order to minimize the system losses within acceptable limit. To validate the effectiveness of the
proposed method simulation has been carried out on IEEE 14 bus system.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
In this paper a transistor open-circuit fault diagnosis problem in two-level voltage inverter controlled shunt active power filter drives was discussed. Taking into consideration requirements of the contemporary monitoring drive systems original transistor fault diagnostic technique were proposed. Presented results were obtained by designed in PSIM software simulation model.
IRJET- A Comparison of Power Quality Improvement based on Controls of UPQCIRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of an artificial neural network (ANN) based control scheme to an instantaneous reactive power theory (IRPT) based control scheme for a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC is used to mitigate both voltage and current-related power quality issues. Simulation results show that both control schemes can effectively compensate for voltage sags and swells, but the ANN control scheme provides faster dynamic response and improved stability.
Analysis and Implementation of Artificial Neural Network Techniques for Power...ijtsrd
This project shows how to use a back propagation BP control method to execute a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM for its capabilities such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. In this case, we utilize a BP based control method to determine the crucial dynamic weight. Furthermore, the BP based control method is often used to estimate the receptive power parts of the load streams required for estimating the reference source streams. The new topic of research in the field of power engineering is the regulation of power efficiency devices using neural networks. The output of the balancing instruments is defined by the extraction of the harmonic components. DSTATCOM and UPFC are used as balancing devices in this case. A DSTATCOM model is created with the help of a computerized signal processor, and its implementation is tailored to specific working circumstances. With the suggested control method, the execution of DSTATCOM is shown to be appropriate for a variety of workloads. The BP based control method is used to calculate the basic weighted value of the loads active and reactive power components. The sample trained back propagation method will identify the power quality signal problem in real time. This algorithms main characteristics include continuity, differentiability, and non decreasing momotomy. The UPFC procedure is similar to that of DSTATCOM, with the exception that the device is not turned off under adverse conditions. The simulation model is created using ANFIS, and its output is investigated under various operating circumstances. For various kinds of loads, the ANFIS output is determined to be acceptable using the suggested control method. The proposed technique must be validated using MATLAB Simulink findings. Amrendra Kumar | Pramod Kumar Rathore "Analysis and Implementation of Artificial Neural Network Techniques for Power Quality Enhancement using DSTATCOM" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45218.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45218/analysis-and-implementation-of-artificial-neural-network-techniques-for-power-quality-enhancement-using-dstatcom/amrendra-kumar
This document summarizes various regulator collections that can be used to control a parallel active power filter. It discusses fuzzy logic, PWM, space vector PWM (SVPWM), new space vector PWM (NSVPWM), and hysteresis regulators. It provides block diagrams and equations to describe how each regulator works. The document also proposes a new method of using NSVPWM with hysteresis control to regulate harmonic currents injected by the active filter while maintaining a fixed switching frequency.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Design a Fuzzy Distance Relay Including STATCOM EffectsIRJET Journal
This document discusses how the presence of a STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM) can negatively impact the performance of a distance relay used to protect transmission lines. The authors use MATLAB/PSAT to model a sample power system with a transmission line protected by a distance relay. They simulate faults on the line with and without a STATCOM present and observe how the STATCOM causes issues like under-reach and over-reach for the relay. To address this, they propose designing a new fuzzy logic-based distance relay that accounts for the effects of STATCOM compensation to more accurately detect faults.
Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTs) technology opens up new opportunities for
controlling power flow and enhancing the usable capacity of present, as well as new and upgraded lines. These
FACTs device which enables independent control of active and reactive power besides improving reliability and
quality of the supply. This paper describes the real and reactive power flow control through a short transmission
line and then compensated short transmission line with different FACTs devices are used to selection of FACTs
devices for better reactive power compensation with change in line capacitance/shunt capacitance to observe
power flow. Computer simulation by MATLAB/SIMULINK has been used to determining better reactive power.
TCSC, STATCOM, UPFC and SSSC FACTs controller with different capacitance are tested for controlling
reactive power flow.
El documento habla sobre inteligencia artificial y sus aplicaciones. Menciona que la inteligencia artificial utiliza el razonamiento lógico y el aprendizaje para emular la mente humana. También describe a Google Home como un asistente inteligente creado por Google para responder preguntas y controlar dispositivos del hogar.
A new fuzzy based control strategy for three phase shunt active power filtersIAEME Publication
This document discusses a new fuzzy-based control strategy for three-phase shunt active power filters. It begins with an abstract that introduces active power filters and describes a current control scheme that does not require a harmonic detector but uses two current sensors on the supply side. A fuzzy controller and vector PI controller are used for effective harmonic compensation to make the supply current sinusoidal. The proposed control scheme improves accuracy and is not affected by harmonic tracking as it does not use a harmonic detector. The rest of the document provides details on the proposed control strategy, including generating reference currents, typical control schemes for active power filters using PI and VPI controllers, and the advantages of the new fuzzy-based control strategy.
WAVELET- FUZZY BASED MULTI TERMINAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME IN ...ijfls
In This Paper, A New Protection Scheme In The Areas Of Accurate Fault Detection, Classification And
Location Estimation For Multi Terminal Transmission System Compensated With Statcom Is Proposed.
The Fault Indices Of All The Phases At All The Terminals Are Obtained By Analyzing The Detail
Coefficients Of Current Signals Through Bior 1.5 Mother Wavelet. The Complete Digital Simulation Of A
Transmission System With Statcom Is Performed Using Matlab /Simulink For Fault Detection,
Classification, And Faulty Terminal Identification With Variations In Fault Distance And Fault Inception
Angle For All Types Of Faults And Fuzzy Inference System Is Used To Estimate The Fault Location. The
Protection Scheme Yielded Accurate Results Within Half Cycle And Show That The Above Scheme Is
Suitable For Multi Terminal Transmission System With And Without Statcom Compensation.
Improvement of the electric power quality usingVikram Rawani
A control algorithm for a three-phase hybrid power
filter is proposed.It is constituted by a series active filter and a passive filter connected in parallel with the load.
Performance Evaluation of GA optimized Shunt Active Power Filter for Constant...ijeei-iaes
Sinusoidal Current Control strategy for extracting reference currents for shunt active power filters have been modified using Genetic Algorithm and its performances have been compared. The acute analysis of Comparison of the compensation capability based on THD and speedwell be done, and recommendations will be given for the choice of technique to be used. The simulated results using MATLAB model are shown, and they will undoubtedly prove the importance of the proposed control technique of aircraft shunt APF.
Design of shunt active power filter to mitigate harmonicsager alswed
The designed three phase SAPF based on instantaneous p-q theory was simulated in MATLAB /SIMULINK by using different load conditions i.e. R-L load, suddenly connected R-L load, and additional unbalance R load. Its application was successfully proved and the validity achieved by minimizing the harmonics and improving PF as summarized in Table 2. Consequently, the supply current is almost pure sinusoidal. THD observed was fund to be within the prescribed limits of 5% as recommended by IEEE-519 standard.
Power electronics play a significant role in different areas of technology, more usage of power electronic devices lead to more harmonic content and various power quality issues in the system. Therefore, power quality gains more significance in the current era of research. Power electronics equipment’s with non-linear loads concludes with more harmonic disturbances and lower power factor. Harmonic impurities are the major problem ingredient due to the connection of non-linear load. To lessen the harmonics usually passive filters are used. The major objective of this work is to monitor and analyse the power quality of uninterrupted power supply by means of DAQ system that gathers real time data on the system and then the data is analysed using National Instruments LabVIEW. Once power quality analysis is done, a new technique of filter implementation using output transformer of the UPS was explored and passive filter was simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and then simulated filter was implemented in order to achieve power quality improvement.
Power system harmonics are a menace to electric power system with disastrous consequence. Due to the presence of non linear load, power quality of the system gets affected. To overcome this, shunt active power filter have been used near harmonic producing loads or at the point of common coupling to block current harmonics. The shunt active power filter is designed to minimize harmonics in source current and reactive power in the non linear power supplies which are creating harmonics. In this paper, Instantaneous power of p-q theory is employed to generate the reference currents and PI controller is used to control the dc link voltage. In addition to this, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to minimize the harmonics produced by nonlinear load. The main objective of this paper is to analyze and compare THD of the source current with PI controller and by artificial neural network based back propagation algorithm. The proposed system is designed with MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Closed Loop Non Linear Control of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter for Harmonics Mit...IAES-IJPEDS
In recent years, the amount of non-linear loads has increased considerably since there were improvements in power electronic equipment (such as adjustable speed drives or converter ac-dc, ac-ac, dc-ac and dc-dc) in industrial sectors which cause deterioration of the quality of the electric power supply through distortion of supply voltage and supply current. This has led to improvement of many stringent needs regarding generation of harmonic current, which are found in IEEE519 and IEC61000 standards. This paper proposes a non-linear function based closed loop control strategy (without load current extraction) for three-phase Shunt Active Power Line Conditioner and LC passive filter to compensate harmonics, power factor improvement and enhance the dynamic performance of Shunt Hybrid Power Filter (SHPF). By using a PI controller the DC bus voltage of the Shunt Active Power Filter is maintained constant. Results obtained from simulation shows the performance of expected hybrid filter in transient and steady state operation . This indicates that the controller is able to compensate even under severe load current imbalances.
The document discusses harmonic mitigation in power systems to reduce transmission losses. It describes how the increasing use of power electronics devices introduces harmonics and reactive power issues. A 48-pulse voltage source inverter StatCom configuration is proposed and analyzed through simulation. The StatCom utilizes four three-level converters linked by phase-shifting transformers to generate low harmonic voltage waveforms. Simulation results show the StatCom is effective in mitigating harmonics, improving power quality, regulating voltage, and reducing transformer loading. A techno-economic analysis indicates it can provide approximately $2 lakh yearly savings with a six year payback period.
Power quality improvement by series active power filter- a reviewIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using a series active power filter to improve power quality by compensating for voltage distortions. It discusses how power quality issues have increased due to more nonlinear loads. A series active power filter works by injecting a compensating voltage in series with the supply voltage to regulate the voltage and reduce harmonics. The document reviews the configuration of a series active power filter system and its control scheme, which uses a phase-locked loop and reference voltage generation to produce compensating voltages based on supply voltage measurements. It aims to demonstrate how a series active power filter can effectively improve voltage quality for customers by compensating for issues like sags, swells, and harmonics from nonlinear loads.
Under voltage load shedding for contingency analysis to optimize power loss ...elelijjournal
Power system contingency is a condition of operation which may be caused due to line outage in a system
and could lead to entire system voltage instability. This may further result in voltage collapse leading to total blackout of the system. Therefore, voltage collapse prediction and estimating voltage stability margin
is an important task in power system operation and planning. In this paper Line Stability Index Lij utilizing
the concept of power flow in a single line is adopted to determine the condition of voltage instability. The
purpose of Lij is to determine the point of voltage instability, the weakest bus in the system and the critical
line referred to a bus. Analytical approach based technique for load shedding has been developed as a solution for secured operation of power system under various contingency conditions to optimize the power
flow in order to minimize the system losses within acceptable limit. To validate the effectiveness of the
proposed method simulation has been carried out on IEEE 14 bus system.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
In this paper a transistor open-circuit fault diagnosis problem in two-level voltage inverter controlled shunt active power filter drives was discussed. Taking into consideration requirements of the contemporary monitoring drive systems original transistor fault diagnostic technique were proposed. Presented results were obtained by designed in PSIM software simulation model.
IRJET- A Comparison of Power Quality Improvement based on Controls of UPQCIRJET Journal
This document compares the performance of an artificial neural network (ANN) based control scheme to an instantaneous reactive power theory (IRPT) based control scheme for a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC is used to mitigate both voltage and current-related power quality issues. Simulation results show that both control schemes can effectively compensate for voltage sags and swells, but the ANN control scheme provides faster dynamic response and improved stability.
Analysis and Implementation of Artificial Neural Network Techniques for Power...ijtsrd
This project shows how to use a back propagation BP control method to execute a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM for its capabilities such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. In this case, we utilize a BP based control method to determine the crucial dynamic weight. Furthermore, the BP based control method is often used to estimate the receptive power parts of the load streams required for estimating the reference source streams. The new topic of research in the field of power engineering is the regulation of power efficiency devices using neural networks. The output of the balancing instruments is defined by the extraction of the harmonic components. DSTATCOM and UPFC are used as balancing devices in this case. A DSTATCOM model is created with the help of a computerized signal processor, and its implementation is tailored to specific working circumstances. With the suggested control method, the execution of DSTATCOM is shown to be appropriate for a variety of workloads. The BP based control method is used to calculate the basic weighted value of the loads active and reactive power components. The sample trained back propagation method will identify the power quality signal problem in real time. This algorithms main characteristics include continuity, differentiability, and non decreasing momotomy. The UPFC procedure is similar to that of DSTATCOM, with the exception that the device is not turned off under adverse conditions. The simulation model is created using ANFIS, and its output is investigated under various operating circumstances. For various kinds of loads, the ANFIS output is determined to be acceptable using the suggested control method. The proposed technique must be validated using MATLAB Simulink findings. Amrendra Kumar | Pramod Kumar Rathore "Analysis and Implementation of Artificial Neural Network Techniques for Power Quality Enhancement using DSTATCOM" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45218.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/45218/analysis-and-implementation-of-artificial-neural-network-techniques-for-power-quality-enhancement-using-dstatcom/amrendra-kumar
This document summarizes various regulator collections that can be used to control a parallel active power filter. It discusses fuzzy logic, PWM, space vector PWM (SVPWM), new space vector PWM (NSVPWM), and hysteresis regulators. It provides block diagrams and equations to describe how each regulator works. The document also proposes a new method of using NSVPWM with hysteresis control to regulate harmonic currents injected by the active filter while maintaining a fixed switching frequency.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Design a Fuzzy Distance Relay Including STATCOM EffectsIRJET Journal
This document discusses how the presence of a STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM) can negatively impact the performance of a distance relay used to protect transmission lines. The authors use MATLAB/PSAT to model a sample power system with a transmission line protected by a distance relay. They simulate faults on the line with and without a STATCOM present and observe how the STATCOM causes issues like under-reach and over-reach for the relay. To address this, they propose designing a new fuzzy logic-based distance relay that accounts for the effects of STATCOM compensation to more accurately detect faults.
Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTs) technology opens up new opportunities for
controlling power flow and enhancing the usable capacity of present, as well as new and upgraded lines. These
FACTs device which enables independent control of active and reactive power besides improving reliability and
quality of the supply. This paper describes the real and reactive power flow control through a short transmission
line and then compensated short transmission line with different FACTs devices are used to selection of FACTs
devices for better reactive power compensation with change in line capacitance/shunt capacitance to observe
power flow. Computer simulation by MATLAB/SIMULINK has been used to determining better reactive power.
TCSC, STATCOM, UPFC and SSSC FACTs controller with different capacitance are tested for controlling
reactive power flow.
El documento habla sobre inteligencia artificial y sus aplicaciones. Menciona que la inteligencia artificial utiliza el razonamiento lógico y el aprendizaje para emular la mente humana. También describe a Google Home como un asistente inteligente creado por Google para responder preguntas y controlar dispositivos del hogar.
LANÇAMENTO
Derramamento fantástico. A indicação direta é sua o posicionamento fica para a equipe
SB Club - SEMPRE BÔNUS CLUB
O Sempre Bônus é um Club de Consumo Inteligente em Supermercados do Brasil. Esse projeto vai mudar a sua vida, o seu modo de consumir e conquistar todos os seus sonhos. Se prepare para alcançar ganhos incríveis.
Cadastro é GRATUITO.
Não tem taxa de ADESÃO.
Não tem MENSALIDADES.
Basta apenas consumir em um dos nossos parceiros na rede credenciada de Supermercados ou pelo E-Commerce.
Que já estará participando do Club de Consumo Inteligente. Estamos nos Pré Cadastros para todo o Brasil. Para saber mais, acesse nossos canais de comunicação.
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This is a collection of creative short stories I wrote for personal enjoyment. I like to challenge myself and start with a random thought that usually snowballs into a larger, coherent story.
This paper proposes a voltage control method for three-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems to lower total harmonic distortion (THD). The control method uses an optimal load current observer and optimal voltage control scheme consisting of a feedback term and compensating term. Simulation and experimental results show the controller maintains stable output voltages and currents under different load conditions like load step changes and unbalanced loads, with better performance than a conventional fuzzy logic controller. The proposed method provides a simple way to control three-phase inverter output in UPS systems.
This document is a collection of essays and stories by Michael Keever. It begins by introducing the author and acknowledging that as an internet blogger, his credibility may be questioned. The first story describes how the author used to be arrogant and self-absorbed, only caring about himself. He realized the irony that while living only for his own gratification, his life was in God's hands. The story then describes how the author was diagnosed with cancer and a brain tumor after his mother passed away from cancer. This tragedy and diagnosis led to a period of clarity and spiritual growth for the author.
This document discusses volcanoes and their characteristics. It describes the four main types of volcanoes: fissure, cinder cone, shield, and composite. Fissure volcanoes erupt through long vents and produce flood lavas. Cinder cone volcanoes have steep sides and short eruptions producing loose cinders. Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes and erupt fluid basaltic lava over long periods. Composite volcanoes are large mountains that erupt tephra and lava, building their size over millions of years. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct depending on their recent eruption history, and they produce both primary hazards during eruptions and secondary hazards after.
Gaudí era un arquitecto español conocido por su estilo modernista y su uso de formas orgánicas y naturales en sus diseños arquitectónicos. Sus obras más famosas incluyen la Sagrada Familia en Barcelona y el Parque Güell. Gaudí creía en la exploración creativa directa y el diseño basado en la evidencia para lograr una síntesis personal en su trabajo arquitectónico.
Las pantallas OLED (organic light-emitting diode) son pantallas planas que utilizan diodos orgánicos emisores de luz para producir imágenes. Estas pantallas tienen ventajas como un contraste más alto, ángulos de visión más amplios y un grosor más delgado en comparación con las pantallas LCD tradicionales. Las pantallas OLED se están volviendo más populares en dispositivos electrónicos como teléfonos inteligentes y televisores.
The artist visited the National Portrait Gallery and National Gallery to research portraits for initial ideas. She was drawn to a Pissarro portrait for its quirky background and tones, and a Leopold portrait for its window feel and black and white style. Additional research focused on portraits by Brian Sayer, Harold Gilman, and Spencer Gore. For the development stage, the artist experimented with techniques while drawing inspiration from the tonal realism of her initial sources. Her final portrait was done in a simplistic tonal style with a blue background to make the green top and brown hair stand out. Previous printmaking and graphics projects helped the artist develop techniques for evaluating different artistic styles and processes.
Interpretation and analysis of power quality measurements lo maxRAFAELFLORES167
This document discusses power quality monitoring and analysis. It describes advances in monitoring equipment and software tools for analyzing measurement results. Power quality issues can be characterized in different categories such as disturbances, steady state variations, and harmonic distortion. Measurement data can be analyzed and presented in various formats such as individual events, trends, or statistical summaries to identify causes of power quality variations and their impacts.
To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTA...ijtsrd
This project illustrates the execution of a three stage delivery static compensator DSTATCOM by using a back propagation BP control algorithm for its capacities, such as load balancing and zero voltage management of reactive power compensation under non linear loads. We use BP based control algorithm to obtain the critical dynamic weight estimate here. And the BP based control algorithm is often used for estimating the receptive power portions of the load streams necessary for estimating the reference source streams. Regulation of power efficiency devices through neural networks is the new area of study in the field of power engineering. The extraction of the harmonic components defines the output of the balancing instruments. Here we use DSTATCOM and UPFC as balancing instruments. A DSTATCOM model is developed using a computerized signal processor and its implementation is focused on various working conditions. The execution of DSTATCOM is found to be suitable for various kinds of burdens with the proposed control algorithm. The BP based control algorithm is used to derive the fundamental weighted value of the active and reactive power components of the load present. Back propagation algorithm trained by the sample will detect the power quality signal issue in real time. Continuity, differentiability, non decreasing momotomy are the key features of this algorithm. The process of UPFC is close to that of DSTATCOM, although the only difference is that it does not have the device shut down in worse circumstances. The simulation model is developed with ANFIS and its output is studied under different operating conditions. The output of ANFIS is found to be satisfactory with the proposed control algorithm for different types of loads. The suggested method shall be checked by the results of MATLAB Simulink. Rohit Mishra | Ashish Bhargava "To Study, Analysis and Implementation of Power Quality Improvement Using DSTATCOM with ANN (Back Propagation Algorithm)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47521.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/47521/to-study-analysis-and-implementation-of-power-quality-improvement-using-dstatcom-with-ann-back-propagation-algorithm/rohit-mishra
IRJET- Low Cost Harmonic Measurement using Arduino UNOIRJET Journal
This document describes a low-cost system for measuring harmonics using an Arduino Uno. Harmonic measurement is important for power quality monitoring and control. The system quantizes and samples the input signal to detect total harmonic distortion using Arduino's fast Fourier transform implementation. It uses a potential divider and Arduino to build a portable device for measuring power line frequency changes and quality interference in real-time. This allows immediate detection of the power system's operational state.
This document discusses methods for controlling voltages and reactive power in power system networks using automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) and static var compensators. It provides an overview of these control methods, including AVRs on generators for voltage regulation and static var compensators for reactive power support. The document evaluates the performance of these methods for enhancing voltage control, improving system stability, and minimizing reactive power flows and losses. Key methods discussed are synchronous generator excitation control using AVRs, transmission system voltage control using shunt capacitors and static var compensators.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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WAVELET- FUZZY BASED MULTI TERMINAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME IN ...Wireilla
The document describes a proposed wavelet-fuzzy based multi-terminal transmission system protection scheme for accurate fault detection, classification, and location estimation in the presence of a STATCOM controller. The scheme uses wavelet transform to analyze current signals at terminals to detect and classify faults. A fuzzy inference system is then used to estimate the fault location. Digital simulations were performed on a four terminal transmission system with variations in fault distance, type, and inception angle. The results showed the scheme can accurately detect and classify faults within half a cycle and is suitable for multi-terminal systems with or without STATCOM compensation.
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The document discusses using auto regression analysis to detect symmetrical faults during power swings in order to prevent unwanted tripping of distance relays. It proposes using a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) to mitigate faults and improve stability. Key points analyzed include detecting symmetrical faults during power swings, applying auto regression to predict the system behavior, and simulating the network with and without SFCL insertion to demonstrate its role in fault mitigation and stability improvement.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
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Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
A New Topology for Power Quality Improvement using 3-Phase 4-Wire UPQC with R...IJMTST Journal
This document discusses a new topology for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) with a reduced DC-link voltage rating. The UPQC uses a series inverter to perform simultaneous voltage sag/swell compensation and load reactive power sharing with a shunt inverter. The control approach integrates active power control for sag/swell compensation with power angle control to coordinate reactive power between the inverters. Simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK support the new UPQC concept. Finally, the proposed UPQC topology is validated through simulation.
Power System Contingency Ranking Using Fast Decoupled Load Flow Methodpaperpublications3
Abstract: Voltage instability is the phenomena associated with heavily loaded power systems. It is normally aggravated due to large disturbance. The Power system security is one of the significant aspects, where the proper action needs to be taken for the unseen contingency. In the event of contingency, the most serious threat to operation and control of power system is insecurity. Therefore, the contingency analysis is a key for the power system security. The contingency ranking using the performance index is a method for the line outages in a power system, which ranks the highest performance index line first and proceeds in a descending manner based on the calculated PI for all the line outages. This helps to take the prior action to keep the system secure. In this paper Fast Decoupled power flow method is used for the power system contingency ranking for the line outage based on the Active power and Voltage performance index. The ranking is given by considering the overall performance index, which is the summation of Active power and voltage performance index. The proposed method is implemented on a IEEE-14 bus system.
This document describes various principles of relay operation used in power systems. It discusses several categories of relays including level detection relays, magnitude comparison relays, differential relays, phase angle comparison relays, distance relays, pilot relays, harmonic content relays, and frequency sensing relays. It also describes some common relay designs such as plunger-type electromechanical relays and their operating characteristics. Relay principles can be based on detecting changes in current, voltage, phase angles, harmonic components, or frequency during fault conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
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Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
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Aerospace Engineering.
Enhancement for Power Quality in Distribution Side Using Custom Power DevicesIOSR Journals
1) The document discusses enhancing power quality in distribution systems using custom power devices like the Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC).
2) It proposes using a Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) control algorithm with a modified Phase Locked Loop (PLL) for generating gate signals to improve the IUPQC's performance under distorted voltage conditions.
3) The SRF method transforms voltage and current signals into rotating dq coordinates to extract fundamental frequency components, while the modified PLL improves determination of positive sequence system voltages for better filtering.
Concepts of Reactive Power Control and Voltage Stability Methods in Power Sys...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes concepts of reactive power control and voltage stability methods in power system networks. It begins with an overview of reactive power and voltage stability issues in transmission and distribution systems. It then describes various reactive power control devices like SVCs, STATCOMs, and hybrid systems. The importance of reactive power control for maintaining voltage stability and preventing voltage collapse is discussed. Different reactive power control methods are outlined, including distribution system voltage control using volt/var control. The aim of power factor correction for economic benefits is also summarized.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detec...IAES-IJPEDS
A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side
is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power
distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering
performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as
load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an
efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate
the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The
proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which
efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse
converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer
which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six
pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The
proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the
performance of the proposed system.
Reliability Prediction of Port Harcourt Electricity Distribution Network Usin...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
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The International Journal of Engineering & Science would take much care in making your article published without much delay with your kind cooperation
Design Fuzzy-PI Based Controller for Load Frequency Control of Thermal - Ther...ijtsrd
This paper presents how to design proportional integral controller and Fuzzy-PI based controller for efficiently load frequency control. Loads on the electrical system always vary in relation to that time, which results in diversity of frequency, causing frequency control problems to be loaded. The frequency difference is highly undesirable and the maximum allowable difference in frequency is ± 0.5 Hz. This paper load frequency control is done by PI controller, which is a conventional controller. This type of controller is slow and the controller does not allow the designer to keep in mind the potential change in operating conditions and non-linearity in the generator unit. To overcome these flaws, new intelligent controllers like Fuzzy-PI Controller are presented to extinguish tie-line power due to deviation in frequency and various load disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed controller has been confirmed using the MATLAB SIMULINK software. The results show that the PI-fuzzy controller provides fast response, little undershoots and negligible overshoot with small state transfer time to reach the final stable position. Ajay Kumar Maurya | Dr. G. K. Banerjee | Dr. Piush Kumar "Design Fuzzy-PI Based Controller for Load Frequency Control of Thermal - Thermal Area Interconnected Power System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19164.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/19164/design-fuzzy-pi-based-controller-for-load-frequency-control-of-thermal---thermal-area-interconnected-power-system/ajay-kumar-maurya
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The document discusses a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) which is a custom power device that can mitigate both voltage-related and current-related power quality issues simultaneously. It consists of shunt and series active power filters connected back-to-back via a DC link. The shunt filter compensates current issues like harmonics, while the series filter compensates voltage issues like sags and swells. Synchronous reference frame theory is used to control the converters. Simulation results show the UPQC can effectively compensate voltage sags/swells and current harmonics under nonlinear and unbalanced load conditions. The UPQC provides a versatile solution to power quality problems in distribution systems.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
1. Gajjala Prashanth Reddy* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4149-4153.
2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 4149
Using Minimal Load Power Observer To
Optimize System Cost And Reliability
GAJJALA PRASHANTH REDDY
M. Tech Student
Department of EEE
Aurora's Scientific and Technological Institute
Ghatkesar, Telangana 501301, India.
G SATHEESH
Associate Professor
Department of EEE
Aurora's Scientific and Technological Institute
Ghatkesar, Telangana 501301, India.
Abstract: The previous term is made to result in the system errors converge to zero, whereas the second
term is used to pay for those system uncertainties. Furthermore, the perfect load current observer can be
used to optimize sys-tem cost and reliability. Particularly, the closed-loop stability of the observer-based
optimal current control law is in past statistics proven by showing the whole states from the augmented
observer-based control system errors tremendously converge to zero. This paper proposes an easy
optimal current control way of three-phase uninterruptible-power-sup-ply systems. The suggested
current controller consists of a feedback control term along with a paying control term. Unlike previous
algorithms, the suggested method can produce a tradeoff between control input magnitude and tracking
error simply by selecting proper performance indexes. The potency of the suggested controller is
validated through simulations on MATLAB/Simulink and experiments on the prototype 600-Veterans
administration test bed having a TMS320LF28335 DSP. Finally, the comparative recent results for the
suggested plan and also the conventional feedback linearization control plan are given to show the
suggested formula achieves a great performance for example fast transient response, small steady-
condition error, and occasional total harmonic distortion under load step change, unbalanced load, and
nonlinear load using the parameter variations.
Keywords: Optimal Load Current Observer; Optimal Voltage Control; Three-Phase Inverter; Total
Harmonic Distortion (THD); Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS);
I. INTRODUCTION
Lately, the significance of the UPS systems
continues to be intensified increasingly more
because of the increase of sensitive and demanding
applications for example communication systems,
medical equipment, semiconductor manufacturing
systems, and knowledge processing systems. These
applications require clean power and reliability
whatever the electrical power failures and distorted
utility supply current. The traditional PI control
recommended to apply however, the THD worth of
the output current isn't low within nonlinear-load
condition [1]. One predictive control way of UPS
applications is described. Using a load current
observer instead of current sensors, the authors
claimed a lower system cost. However, the
simulation and experimental results don't reveal a
fantastic performance when it comes to THD and
steady-condition error. Multivariable FLC this
control technique, the nonlinearity from the product
is thought to achieve low THD under nonlinear
load. However, it's not easy to handle because of
the computation complexities. Consequently, these
straight line controllers are pretty straight forward;
however the performance isn't acceptable under
nonlinear load. In comparison, the nonlinear
controllers come with an outstanding performance;
however the implementation is difficult because of
the relatively complicated controllers. Hence, a
straight line optimal controller has not just a simple
structure in comparison to other controllers but
additionally an outstanding control performance
much like other nonlinear controllers. Therefore,
this paper proposes an observer-based optimal
current control plan for 3-phase UPS systems. This
suggested current controller encapsulates two
primary parts: a feedback control term along with a
paying control term. The previous term is made to
result in the system errors converge to zero, and
also the latter term is used to estimate the machine
uncertainties. The Lyapunov theorem can be used
to evaluate the soundness from the system.
Specifically, this paper proves the closed loop
stability of the observer-based optimal current
control law by showing the system errors
tremendously converge to zero. Furthermore, the
suggested control law could be systematically
designed considering a tradeoff between control
input magnitudes and tracking error unlike
previous algorithms. Within this paper, a standard
FLC technique is selected to show the comparative
results because it features a good performance
within nonlinear-load condition, and it is circuit
type of a 3-phase inverter is comparable to our
bodies’ model. Finally, the outcomes show the
suggested plan includes a good current regulation
capacity for example fast transient behavior, small
steady-condition error, and occasional THD under
various load conditions for example load step
change, unbalanced load, and nonlinear load. The
inductive element here is required to take away the
switching frequency harmonics in the current
2. Gajjala Prashanth Reddy* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4149-4153.
2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 4150
waveform that originate from the PWM operation
from the inverter. The inductance value could be
reduced when the switching frequency is elevated.
Our prime-performance controllers generally
employed multi loop condition feedback control
strategies to offer the regulation specifications. The
independent regulating each phase provides easy
balancing of three-phase voltages making heavily
unbalanced loading possible [2]. Also, it avoids
problems for example transformer saturation.
Lately, the proportional plus resonant (PR)
controller has acquired recognition due to its
simple structure and performance. The PR
controller method essentially supplies a high gain
limited to the preferred frequencies and for that
reason extremely effective in correcting the steady-
condition error and acquiring a great tracking from
the reference in the reference frequency.
Fig.1.Block diagram of rotary UPS
II. LINEAR AND NONLINEAR
HARMONICS
The normal definition for any harmonic is “a
sinusoidal element of a periodic wave or quantity
getting a frequency that's an important multiple
from the fundamental frequency.”Some references
make reference to “clean” or “pure” power as
individuals with no harmonics. The regularity from
the harmonics differs, with respect to the
fundamental frequency. To become in a position to
evaluate complex signals which have a variety of
frequencies present, numerous mathematical
methods were developed. One of the most popular
is known as the Fourier Transform. There's
additionally a special group of interharmonics that
are frequency values under the essential frequency
value, known as sub-harmonics. The primary
causes of harmonic current are in present the phase
position controlled rectifiers and inverters.” They
are frequently known as static power converters.
Hands-held harmonic meters could be helpful tools
to make place checks for known harmonic
problems. However, harmonic values will
frequently change throughout the day, as different
loads are switched off and on inside the facility or
perhaps in other facilities on a single electric utility
distribution system. Uninterruptible power supplies
are emergency power sources that have endemic
applications in critical equipments, for example
computers, automated process controllers, as well
as in hospital instruments. UPS includes following
units. Conversion and inversion circuitry: All of the
UPS systems incorporate a rectifier or charger
circuit to supply Electricity to charge battery as
well as an inverter circuit that converts the
Electricity power kept in battery to AC capacity to
operate the loads [3]. The precise type, nature, size
and excellence of this circuitry rely on the kind of
UPS. Battery: Apart from the conversion and
inversion circuit, a different one is battery, which
supports the energy which is used by UPS to
operate the burden. How big battery dictates how
big the UPS which is also proportional to the
quantity of soaped up that kept in UPS and run
duration of UPS for any given load. All batteries
are rated when it comes to their nominal current (in
Volts), as well as their capacity (in Amp-hrs or
“Ah”). Status indicators: The majority of the UPS
systems include number of indicators to point the
present status from the UPS. Visual indicators
(usually LEDs) are utilized to indicate general
status in addition to problem conditions. Audible
indicators, sometimes known as alarms, are utilized
to indicate some problem conditions like power
failure. A few of the typical status indicators are
online, on battery, overload, Low battery, Load
status, Battery status. The main topologies are: on-
line system, off-line system and line interactive.
On-Line System: The inverter in on-line system
forces the burden continuously. It's also known as
floating system and it is mostly employed for low,
medium, and power applications. The charger
includes a transformer for current scaling and
offers isolation Safety purposes. The inverter is
coupled to some transfer switch 2 (that is normally
closed within this type), whose output is associated
with the burden. Once the utility power is on and it
is put on a rectifier/charger which gives electricity
current towards the inverter, and keeps a float
condition around the battery. This really is
suggested for the diagram with thicker lines. Off-
line systems: For conditions in which the utility
power is neat and not susceptible to abnormal
current excursions or transients, an off-line system
could be employed to power a lot [4]. AC mains
power is used straight to the burden with the
transfer switch1 (NC). The rectifier/charger needs
only charging current and operating at no-load.
Once the utility power fails, a sensing circuit
actuates the transfer switch and also the load is
operated by the inverter. When there's an abrupt
alternation in load, the inverter output current is
decreased and monitoring circuits signifies the
inverter malfunctioning. Once the power returns,
the transfer switch1 is again actuated and cargo is
directly linked to supply. Rotary UPS: In situation
of highly critical applications the rotary UPS
systems are extremely attractive no matter its space
needs foot it of static [5]. A rotary UPS system
utilizes a motor-generator set, using its rotating
inertia, to ride through brief power interruptions.
3. Gajjala Prashanth Reddy* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4149-4153.
2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 4151
III. SIMULINK MODELS AND RESULTS
Fig. Comlete Simulink Model With Conventional
Fuzzy Logic With Step Load Change
ZOOMED
ZOOMED
Fig: Simulink Model Of Proposed Obsever Based
Otimal Voltage Method
IV. SIMULINK MODEL FOR NONLINEAR
LOAD
CASE1: proposed observer based optimal voltage
control scheme under load step change with
−30% parameter variations in Lf and Cf (i.e.,
balanced resistive load: 0%–100%)
FIG.conventional FLC scheme under load step
change with −30% parameter variations in Lf and
Cf (i.e., balanced resistive load: 0%–100%)—
First: Load output voltages (VL), Second: Load
output currents (IL)
FIG: optimal voltage control scheme under load
step change with −30% parameter variations in Lf
and Cf (i.e., balanced resistive load: 0%–100%)—
First: Load output voltages (VL), Second: Load
output currents (IL), Third: Phase A load current
error (ieLA = iLA −ˆiLA).
4. Gajjala Prashanth Reddy* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4149-4153.
2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 4152
CASE2:
UNBALANCED LOAD
FIG.Simulation results of the proposed
observerbased optimal voltage control scheme
under unbalanced load with −30% parameter
variations in Lf and Cf (i.e., phase B opened)—
First: Load output voltages (VL), Second: Load
output currents (IL), Third: Phase A load current
error (ieLA = iLA −ˆiLA).
FIG.Simulation results of the CONVENTIONAL
FLC control scheme under unbalanced load with
−30% parameter variations in Lf and Cf (i.e.,
phase B opened)—First: Load output voltages
(VL), Second: Load output currents (IL), Third:
Phase A load current error (ieLA = iLA −ˆiLA).
CASE3:
NONLINEAR LOAD
FIG.Simulation l results of the conventional FLC
scheme under nonlinear load with −30%
parameter variations in Lf and Cf (i.e., three-
phase diode rectifier)—First: Load output
voltages (VL), Second: Load output currents (IL).
FIG5.Simulation results of the proposed optimal
voltage scheme under nonlinear load with −30%
parameter variations in Lf and Cf (i.e., three-
phase diode rectifier)—First: Load output
voltages (VL), Second: Load output currents (IL).
V. CONCLUSION
This paper has suggested an easy observer-based
optimal current control approach to the 3-phase
UPS systems The suggested controller consists of a
feedback control term to stabilize the mistake
dynamics from the system along with a paying
control term to estimate the machine uncertainties.
Furthermore, the perfect load current observer was
utilized to optimize system cost and reliability.
This paper demonstrated the closed-loop stability
of the observer-based optimal current controller
using the Lyapunov theory. In addition, the
suggested current control law could be
methodically designed considering a tradeoff
between control input magnitude and tracking error
unlike previous algorithms. The highest
performance from the suggested control system
was shown through simulations and experiments.
Under three load conditions (load step change,
unbalanced load, and nonlinear load), the suggested
control plan revealed a much better current tracking
performance for example lower THD, smaller sized
steady-condition error, and faster transient response
compared to conventional FLC plan even when
there are parameter variations.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] K. S. Low and R. Cao, “Model predictive
control of parallel-connected inverters for
uninterruptible power supplies,” IEEE
Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 8, pp.
2884–2893, Aug. 2008.
[2] H. K. Kang, C. H. Yoo, I. Y. Chung, D. J.
Won, and S. I. Moon, “Intelligent
coordination method of multiple distributed
resources for harmonic current
compensation in a microgrid,” J. Elect. Eng.
Technol., vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 834–844, Nov.
2012.
[3] H. Karimi, A. Yazdani, and R. Iravani,
“Robust control of an autonomous four-wire
electronically-coupled distributed
5. Gajjala Prashanth Reddy* et al.
(IJITR) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
Volume No.4, Issue No.5, August – September 2016, 4149-4153.
2320 –5547 @ 2013-2016 http://www.ijitr.com All rights Reserved. Page | 4153
generation unit,” IEEE Trans. Power Del.,
vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 455–466, Jan. 2011.
[4] H. Komurcugil, “Rotating sliding line based
sliding mode control for single-phase UPS
inverters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol.
59, no. 10, pp. 3719–3726, Oct. 2012.
[5] D. E. Kim and D. C. Lee, “Feedback
linearization control of three-phase,” IEEE
Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 3, pp.
963–968, Mar. 2010.
AUTHOR’s PROFILE
Gajjala Prashanth Reddy is pursuing his M.Tech in
the stream of Power system control
and automation (PSCA) from Aurora's
Scientific and Technological Institute
Ghatkesar. He completed his B.Tech
in the stream of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering from
Siddhartha institute of engineering and Technology
in 2014.His areas of interest are Power System
controls and automation field.
G Satheesh is working as Associate Professor and
HOD in the department of EEE,
Aurora's Scientific and Technological
Institute, Ghatkesar. He has the
teaching experience of over eleven
years. He obtained his M.Tech in the
year 2005 from JNTUK. He has also guided more
than 15 M.Tech and B.Tech Projects. His areas of
interest are Power system and High voltage
engineering.