The tide of war turned at Gettysburg in 1863. General Burnside and Hooker lost battles against Lee at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. At Gettysburg, Meade commanded the Union army against Lee in the bloodiest 3-day battle that resulted in 28,000 casualties. Pickett's failed charge marked the turning point as the Union emerged victorious. Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address to honor the soldiers. Later, Sherman captured Atlanta and marched to the coast practicing "total war," while Grant attacked Lee in Virginia, finally surrounding him at Appomattox Courthouse where Lee surrendered, ending the Civil War.

1. CHAPTER 16:
The Civil War
Section 5:
The Tide of War Turns

3. VOCABULARY
 Total war Destroying civilian and
economic resources

4. FREDERICKSBURG AND
CHANCELLORSVILLE
 General Ambrose E. Burnside
took command of the Union Army
 He lost the Battle
of Fredericksburg to
Lee

5. Battle of Fredericksburg

7. FREDERICKSBURG AND
CHANCELLORSVILLE
 General Joseph Hooker then took
command
 He lost the Battle of
Chancellorsville to Lee

8. Battle of Chancellorsville

9. Battle of Chancellorsville

10. Robert E.
Lee and
his Horse
“Traveler”

11. GETTYSBURG
 Lee
marches up
North again Pennsylvania
Gettysburg
Washington D.C.
Chancellorsville
Fredericksburg
Virginia

12. GETTYSBURG
 Next General George G. Meade
commanded the Union Army

13. Why Gettysburg?

14. GETTYSBURG
 The Battle of Gettysburg was the
key turning point of the war
 Three day battle in July 1863
 Bloodiest battle (28,000 casualties)

15. Gettysburg Day One

16. Gettysburg Day Two

17. Gettysburg Day Two

18. Gettysburg Day Three

19. Pickett’s Charge

20. Pickett’s Charge

21. Pickett’s Charge

22. Pickett’s Charge

24. Gettysburg Day Three

25. GETTYSBURG
 Pickett’s Charge fails
 Union victory
 Beginning of the downfall of the
South

26. AFTERMATH OF
GETTYSBURG
 Lincoln visits the battlefield
• Gives the Gettysburg Address –
speech to honor the soldiers

27. Lincoln at
Gettysburg

28. AFTERMATH OF
GETTYSBURG
 1864 Presidential Election
• Lincoln vs. McClellan

29. AFTERMATH OF
GETTYSBURG
 Lincoln wins in a landslide vote

30. SHERMAN’S MARCH
 Union General William Tecumseh
Sherman captures Atlanta, Georgia

31. Sherman Captures Atlanta

32. SHERMAN’S MARCH
 He burned down the city
 Then marched to the coast

33. Sherman’s March to the Sea

34. “I will make Georgia howl.”

35. SHERMAN’S MARCH
 Along the way, he practiced total
war

36. “Sherman Necktie”

37. THE WILDERNESS AND
PETERSBURG
 Grant took charge of all Union
troops
 His Wilderness
Campaign attacked
Lee in Virginia

38. The Wilderness Campaign

39. THE WILDERNESS AND
PETERSBURG
• Grant took twice as many
casualties but continued attacking
 Both sides dug in at Petersburg for
a siege

40. Trenches at
Petersburg

41. Union Gun at Petersburg

42. Lee on the Run

43. APPOMATTOX
COURTHOUSE
 Grant finally surrounds Lee at
Appomattox Courthouse
• Lee is forced to surrender

44. Surrender at
Appomattox

45. “The war is over, the rebels are
our countrymen again.”

46. “I have done for you all that it was in my power to
do. You have done all your duty. Leave the result to
God. Go to your homes and resume your
occupations. Obey the laws and become as good
citizens as you were soldiers”

47. EFFECTS OF THE WAR
 The Civil War lasted 4 years (1861-
1865)
 620,000 Americans died
 Ended slavery