The document summarizes the resources, strategies, and events leading up to the start of the American Civil War. The North had greater population, industry, and railroad infrastructure, while the South had superior military leadership. The North planned to blockade Southern ports and capture the Mississippi River and Richmond. The South aimed to wear down the North through defense and gain allies like England. Tensions escalated when Confederate forces bombarded Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, firing the first shots of the Civil War and leading the fort to surrender.

1. CHAPTER 16:
The Civil War
Section 1:
The War Begins

2. The Nation is Divided

3. RESOURCES
NORTH SOUTH
POPULATION 22 million 5 million
R.R. TRACK 22,000 mi 9,000 mi
FACTORIES 85 % 15%
MILITARY Average Excellent
LEADERSHIP

4. STRATEGIES
 North:
• Destroy South’s
economy with a
blockade
• Cut South in half by
taking Mississippi R.
• Take Richmond
(South capital)

5. The North’s Strategy

6. STRATEGIES
 South:
• Play defense
• Wear down the
North until they are
tired of fighting
• Use “cotton
diplomacy” to bring
England on their side

7. The South’s Strategy

8. FORT SUMTER
 Ft. Sumter was a federal outpost
in Charleston, S.C. harbor

9. FORT SUMTER
 South surrounds and bombards
Sumter
 First shots fired in Civil War

10. The Bombardment of Ft. Sumter

11. FORT SUMTER
 Fort falls to the South
 Civil War has begun