The document discusses different forms of energy including kinetic energy, which depends on an object's mass and speed, and potential energy, which can be gravitational or elastic. It provides examples of calculating kinetic energy for a flying bird and gravitational potential energy for a diver. The document also categorizes the main forms of energy as mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, electromagnetic, and nuclear, and notes that nuclear power plants use nuclear energy to generate electricity by splitting atoms to heat water and spin turbines.

1. Energy and its forms Energy is the ability to do work Work is the transfer of energy

2. Kinetic Energy The energy of motion Kinetic energy depends on its mass and speed Kinetic Energy = 1/2mv 2 Example – A .10kg bird is flying at a constant speed of 8.0 m/s What is the bird’s kinetic energy? m = .10kg v = 8.0 m/s ½(.10kg)(8.0 m/s) 2 =3.2J

3. Potential Energy Two types Gravitational depends on mass, height and gravity. Height is relative to a point GPE = mgh Elastic Potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed. A diver at the top of a 10 m board has a mass of 50 kg. What is her potential energy relative to the water below? M= 50kg g= 9.8m/s 2 h= 10m (50kg)(9.8m/s)(10m)=4900J

4. Forms of energy Mechanical – energy associated with position and motion of everyday objects Thermal – Total kinetic and potential energy of all particles of an object Chemical – is the energy stored in the chemical bonds in compounds

5. Forms of energy Electrical – energy associated with electrical charges Electromagnetic – Energy that travels through space in waves (visable light and x-rays are examples) Nuclear – energy stored in atomic nuclei.

6. Nuclear power plants produce electricity Atoms are split and the heat generated is used to heat water Steam Spins turbines making electricity