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PS409
   Psychology, Science,
     & Pseudoscience



           Dr Brian Hughes
              School of Psychology

brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie            @b_m_hughes
Science vs. Pseudoscience
              Differences of principle
  Pseudoscience                   Science
  Avoids falsifiability     Valorises falsifiability

Vagueness in measurement   Accuracy in measurement

Unproven as false = true   Unproven as false = unproven

   Confirmation bias       Emphasis on refutation

   Lack of parsimony       Prioritization of parsimony

Reversed burden of proof   Burden on claimant, not critic
Unproven as false = unproven




                    Via http://www.flickr.com/photos/morgantj/



Russell’s “Celestial Teapot”
Science vs. Pseudoscience
              Differences of practice
     Pseudoscience                     Science
       Secrecy of data            Publication of data
 Science by press conference          Peer review
  Argument “ad hominem”           Argument “ad rem”
     Anecdotal evidence           Empirical evidence
     Appeals to holism          Appeals to reductionism
Lack of theoretical agreement   Acceptance of paradigms
 Exaggerated importance of         Shared endeavour
        key persons
Science by press conference




1989                             2002
PS409
   Psychology, Science,
     & Pseudoscience



           Dr Brian Hughes
              School of Psychology

brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie            @b_m_hughes
PS409
   Psychology, Science,
     & Pseudoscience



           Dr Brian Hughes
              School of Psychology

brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie            @b_m_hughes

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Psychology, Science, and Pseudoscience: Class #04 (Sci vs. Pseudosci)

  • 1. PS409 Psychology, Science, & Pseudoscience Dr Brian Hughes School of Psychology brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie @b_m_hughes
  • 2. Science vs. Pseudoscience Differences of principle Pseudoscience Science Avoids falsifiability Valorises falsifiability Vagueness in measurement Accuracy in measurement Unproven as false = true Unproven as false = unproven Confirmation bias Emphasis on refutation Lack of parsimony Prioritization of parsimony Reversed burden of proof Burden on claimant, not critic
  • 3. Unproven as false = unproven Via http://www.flickr.com/photos/morgantj/ Russell’s “Celestial Teapot”
  • 4. Science vs. Pseudoscience Differences of practice Pseudoscience Science Secrecy of data Publication of data Science by press conference Peer review Argument “ad hominem” Argument “ad rem” Anecdotal evidence Empirical evidence Appeals to holism Appeals to reductionism Lack of theoretical agreement Acceptance of paradigms Exaggerated importance of Shared endeavour key persons
  • 5. Science by press conference 1989 2002
  • 6. PS409 Psychology, Science, & Pseudoscience Dr Brian Hughes School of Psychology brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie @b_m_hughes
  • 7. PS409 Psychology, Science, & Pseudoscience Dr Brian Hughes School of Psychology brian.hughes@nuigalway.ie @b_m_hughes