Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that focuses on prevention, longevity and holistic health. It views health as a balance between the body, mind and soul. The key concepts in Ayurveda include the three doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha), seven dhatus, three malas and five elements that make up the human body. Disease occurs due to an imbalance in these factors. Ayurveda aims to treat the root cause and restore balance through lifestyle changes, herbs, panchakarma cleansing techniques and other natural remedies. It takes a personalized approach by understanding an individual's prakriti or constitution.
Padartha Vijnana means the science which deals with the substances in the universe, its relationship with the living being in terms of their properties, functions; methods of understanding them etc.
Generally the subject Padartha Vigyan is considered as tough in the field of Ayurveda. But, it is the most useful subject than any other in Ayurveda.
The topics dealt in it are the fundamental concepts of Ayurveda on which entire chikitsa stands.
Understanding the elements in the universe is mandatory before studying the body. In this book, the subject matter is discussed with the help of different darśana and other shastras which are correlated with Ayurveda System.
Hence this will be a good guide for the BAMS students; as it includes all the subject matters in according to the revised syllabus prescribed by NCISM, 2021.
FOR MORE CONTACT THROUGH TELEGRAM CHANNEL @ayurvedonline " https://t.me/ayurvedonline ", Dr Saskhi Bhardwaj,BAMS,NDDY,MD(AYU.SAMHITA AND MAULIK SIDDHANTA,NIA,JAIPUR)
introduction to Ayurveda is simplified foe beginners . this presentation gives brief information on history of ayurveda, method treatment , disease and prevention. this article finds more insight to healthy way of living through ayurveda. tridosha, datu and parkriti has been briefed well and simplified.
Padartha Vijnana means the science which deals with the substances in the universe, its relationship with the living being in terms of their properties, functions; methods of understanding them etc.
Generally the subject Padartha Vigyan is considered as tough in the field of Ayurveda. But, it is the most useful subject than any other in Ayurveda.
The topics dealt in it are the fundamental concepts of Ayurveda on which entire chikitsa stands.
Understanding the elements in the universe is mandatory before studying the body. In this book, the subject matter is discussed with the help of different darśana and other shastras which are correlated with Ayurveda System.
Hence this will be a good guide for the BAMS students; as it includes all the subject matters in according to the revised syllabus prescribed by NCISM, 2021.
FOR MORE CONTACT THROUGH TELEGRAM CHANNEL @ayurvedonline " https://t.me/ayurvedonline ", Dr Saskhi Bhardwaj,BAMS,NDDY,MD(AYU.SAMHITA AND MAULIK SIDDHANTA,NIA,JAIPUR)
introduction to Ayurveda is simplified foe beginners . this presentation gives brief information on history of ayurveda, method treatment , disease and prevention. this article finds more insight to healthy way of living through ayurveda. tridosha, datu and parkriti has been briefed well and simplified.
Ayurveda: Best way to stay connected with the traditional system of medicineapurva4
The traditional Hindu system of medicine (incorporated in Atharva Veda, the last of the four Vedas), which is based on the idea of balance in bodily systems and uses diet, herbal treatment, and yogic breathing. It is a simple, practical science of life, the principles and practices of which evolved through many centuries. Ayurvedic Doctors uses the techniques of ayurveda for providing the relief to the patients.
It is a well-known fact that Traditional Systems of medicine always played an important role in meeting global healthcare needs.
There are four different traditional systems of medicine: Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Homoeopathy. Though Homoeopathy came to India in the 18th Century, it completely assimilated into the Indian culture and got enriched like any other traditional system hence it is considered part of the Indian Systems of Medicine.
we are tired of using allopathy medicines which gives quick relief with lot of side effects, but here i have provided the details about a traditonal herbal treatment siddha which is practiced in tamilnadu state of india, gives you natural healthy medical treatment with herbs.i have given all the details regarding the treatment method you can check it down the good treatment without side effects.
Ayurveda (Sanskrit: आयुर्वेद Āyurveda , "life-knowledge"; English pronunciation /ˌaɪ.ərˈveɪdə/) or Ayurvedic medicine is a system of medicine with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. Globalized and modernized practices derived from Ayurvedic traditions are a type of complementary or alternative medicine.Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of natural and holistic medicine. When translated from Sanskrit, Ayurveda means “the science of life”
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ayurveda: Best way to stay connected with the traditional system of medicineapurva4
The traditional Hindu system of medicine (incorporated in Atharva Veda, the last of the four Vedas), which is based on the idea of balance in bodily systems and uses diet, herbal treatment, and yogic breathing. It is a simple, practical science of life, the principles and practices of which evolved through many centuries. Ayurvedic Doctors uses the techniques of ayurveda for providing the relief to the patients.
It is a well-known fact that Traditional Systems of medicine always played an important role in meeting global healthcare needs.
There are four different traditional systems of medicine: Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, and Homoeopathy. Though Homoeopathy came to India in the 18th Century, it completely assimilated into the Indian culture and got enriched like any other traditional system hence it is considered part of the Indian Systems of Medicine.
we are tired of using allopathy medicines which gives quick relief with lot of side effects, but here i have provided the details about a traditonal herbal treatment siddha which is practiced in tamilnadu state of india, gives you natural healthy medical treatment with herbs.i have given all the details regarding the treatment method you can check it down the good treatment without side effects.
Ayurveda (Sanskrit: आयुर्वेद Āyurveda , "life-knowledge"; English pronunciation /ˌaɪ.ərˈveɪdə/) or Ayurvedic medicine is a system of medicine with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. Globalized and modernized practices derived from Ayurvedic traditions are a type of complementary or alternative medicine.Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of natural and holistic medicine. When translated from Sanskrit, Ayurveda means “the science of life”
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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1098_Ayurveda.ppt
1. Basics of Ayurveda
Dr. Sajitha K,
Professor & H O D,
Dept of Swasthavritta,
Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Sciences,
Kanakapura road. Udayapura post,
Bengaluru -560082.
sajithak96@gmail.com
2. Antiquity - How old is the system?
It existed right from the beginning of life.
Brahma smritva – Memorized ..
Vedas - 5000 years BC (Spiritual Scriptures)
Adharvana veda - Ayurveda – Upaveda
A systematized knowledge of Ayurveda started
1000 years before Christ (B.C)
2
3. What is Ayurveda?
Ayurveda - Ayu + Veda (Life + Knowledge)
It is an art and science of healing.
It literally means “To know about life”
3
4. How it is defined?
It is defined as “one which look after the
welfare of all human beings in particular”
and in general
“with regard to their physical mental socio
cultural and spiritual well being”
4
5. What it is not?
Not merely a herbal medicine or
Folk medicine or
Belief system or
Alternate medicine
5
6. What is its scope?
The scope is far and wide
The major divisions of Ayurveda depicts this
It encompasses Humans, Animals and plants
as stated here under
Ayurveda - Humans
Gavayurveda - Animals like cows, horses,
elephants etc
Vrikshayurveda - Related to health of plants
6
7. What are its specialized branches
Kaya chikitsa - General medicine
Bala chikitsa - Pediatrics
Graha chikitsa - Demonology (Invisibles)?
Urdhvanga chikitsa - ENT and Ophthalmology
Shalya chikitsa - Surgery
Damshtra chikitsa - Toxicology
Jara chikitsa - Geriatrics
Vrisha chikitsa - Aphrodisiac
7
8. What are its Aims?
Promotion of Health and prevention of
diseases (By adopting preventive life style from
childhood, which include daily regimen, seasonal
regimen, food habits, body purificatory
procedures)
Curing of ailments (By taking medicines, diet
and other activities influencing restoration of
health)
8
9. What is its basic approach?
It is holistic and not merely physical
Is Ayurveda based on any literature?
Yes - the chief sources are as follows
Charaka samhita Kashyapa samhita
Susrutha samhita Madhava nidana
Asthtanga Sangraha Sarangadhara samhita
and many other texts
9
10. What is life
Shareera (Body)
Indriya (Sensory organs)
Sattva (Mind)
Atma (Soul)
- Samyoga (combination) is ‘jeevitam’ (life)
10
11. What is the benefit through Ayurveda
Deerghaayu (Longevity of life)
Why longevity is needed ?
- Chaturvidha purushartha sadhaka
Dharma - Practicing of Sacred rituals
Artha - Earning of livelihood
Kaama - Continuing progeny
Moksha - Ultimate salvation
11
12. Important factors in the body
Doshas (Humors) - 3
Vata, Pitta, Kapha
Dhatus (Tissues?) - 7
Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, Sukra
Malas (Morbid materials) - 3
Purisha, Mutra, Sweda
12
13. ● Ayurvedic theory of health is based on Tridosha
(primary life forces or biological humors),
saptadhatu ( Seven basic tissues) trimalas (Three
basic biological wastes) and Panchamahabhuta
(five basic elements)
● dynamic balance of tridoshas, saptha dhatus and
trimalas creates health
13
14. Ayurveda has a holistic approach to health by
integrating the mind, body and soul
● Combination of these factors inherited at birth
determine an individual's Prakriti (constitution)
Swastha..
14
15. Relation between Shareera and Manasika
dosha (Humors) and Mahabhootha (Basic
elements)
Vata Rajo guna Akasha, Vayu
Pitta Sattva guna Agni
Kapha Tamo guna Apa, Prithvi
15
20. What is the principle of treatment?
The diseases occur due to dis-equilibrium of three
bodily humors and two psychic qualities
This situation has to be brought back to equilibrium
status
It can be achieved by removing the vitiated humors by
way of purificatory (shodhana) measures,
palliative (Shamana) measures,
strengthening of immune system (Ojus)
and avoiding the causative factors (Nidana)
20
21. Cause for Diseases
Kala artha karmanam …
…Hina mithya ati matraka
Kala - Time (seasons)
Ardha - Sensory organs / Objects of senses
Karma - Deeds / Shodhana karma
Heena (Deficient use)
Mithya (Improper use) leads to diseases
Ati (Excessive use)
21
22. Epidemics - Ayurvedic outlook
Destruction of large scale population occur when
following common factors are vitiated and affects
villages
Dushita Vayu Most potent factor
Dushita Jala
Dushita Desha
Dushita kala
22
23. Roga prakara (Types of diseases)
Shareera (Bodily) and Manasika (Psychic)
Nija (due to bodily factors)
Agantuja (External factors)
Causes: Abhighata (injuries)
Abhisanga (Infections)
Abhichara (Improper deeds)
Abhishapa (Curse of holy people)
23
28. Types of Rasayana (Rejuvenation)
Naimittika - Disease specific
Kamya - Specific objective
Ajasrika - Daily usage
28
29. Shodhana - (Eliminatory treatments)
Vamana Emesis
Virechana Purgation
Basti Medicated enema
Nasya Nasal administration
Raktamokshana Blood letting
Also known as Panchakarma (Five fold treatment)
29
30. Types of medicine formulations
Swarasa Juicy extractions
Kalka Medicinal pastes
Kwatham Decoctions
Hima Cold infusions
Phanta Hot infusions
Churna, Vati, Varti, Anjana etc..
30
31. Unique contribution of Ayurveda
Dina charya (Daily regimen)
Ritu charya (Seasonal regimen)
Dharaneeya adharaneeya vega
(Suppressible / Non suppressible urges)
Sadvritta / Achara rasayana (Ethics)
Viruddha (Incompatibles)
And many other
31
32. Ayurveda has differentiated organs in to
Jnanendriya (organs of perception)
Karmendriya (organs of action)
Ubhayendriya (perception as well as action)
- manas
32
33. Location of Manas
● ‘Hridaya’ is considered to be the seat of manas
● Sensory and motor functions of mind are
attributed to brain, and psychological
functions, emotional aspects are attributed to
the heart
33
34. Functions of Manas
Chintyam- Thinking
Vicharam - Prolongation / expansion of thoughts
Oohyam - Imagination
Dhyeyam - Concentration
Sankalpam - Planning
Yatkinchit - All other perceivable
34
35. Qualities of Manas
- Sattva (non-vitiated and stable)
- Rajas
- Tamas Disease causing
35
38. Yuktivyapasraya(Prescriptions)
Single Herbs (Medhya Drugs) Brahmi,
Mandukaparni, Ashwagandha, Jatamamsi,
Shankapushpi etc.
Ghritas (Medicated Ghee)
Panchgavya ghrita, Brahmi ghrita, kalyanaka ghrita
etc.
Herbomineral Preparations
Brahmi vati, Smriti Sagar Rasa, Manasamitra
vatakam etc. 38
39. SattvavajayaChikitsa (Psycho therapy)
Jnana - Knowledge
Vignana - Educating the Patient
Dhairya - Moral support
Smriti - Reviving the past memory
Samadhi - Abstaining from Over Indulgence
39
40. Achara Rasayana
● Physical, Mental code of conduct
● Maintaining personal and social harmony
● Proper Sleep, Wholesome Diet
● Control over Senses (Cha.Chi 1/30)
40