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(10) DESCUBRIENDO_EL_INGLS (2).pdf
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- 2. INTRODUCCIÓN El inglés, consideradocomo uno de los idiomas con mayor uso en la actualidad, es un elemento fundamental y necesario en el proceso de comunicación global del mundo moderno. En los últimos años, el inglés se ha convertido en el idioma más utilizado en la distribución de información a nivel mundial. Esto, debido a la globalización que conecta la sociedad y su uso es indispensable en innumerables contextos. Descubriendo el inglés te brinda información útil e introductoria en el idioma que te permitirá identificar su contenido de manera fácil y que, además te llevará a interactuar con elementos comunes conocidos y nuevos a través del uso de la lengua.
- 3. INTRODUCCIÓN OBJETIVOS 1 2 Introducir allector en el vocabulario base del idioma inglés, permitiendo la interacción del mismo con el contenido aquí propuesto, su conocimiento previo y contexto. Proveer herramientas comunicativas, básicas y esenciales del idioma de manera simple y divertida.
- 4. CONTENIDO Nice to meetyou 4 8 12 16 20 Excuse me, where is...? My job and my hobbies The world through numbers Yes, I can do it! 1 2 3 4 5 PAG.
- 5. Nice to meetyou! 4
- 6. My name isJohn, my last name is Gómez. I am a doctor. What’s your name? I am Lisa, I am a singer. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you too. 5 Presentarse a sí mismo es indispensable en toda conversación. En inglés, presentarse a sí mismo es sencillo ya que usualmente se hace uso del verbo ser To Be y la estructura de las preguntas no difieren. La formalidad y el uso correcto del lenguaje hacen parte esencial del inglés. Nice to meet you! “It’s a pleasure to meet you” is also a common reply when introducing yourself. Subject Singular Plural “be” form Contraction I am I’m you are you’re he he’s she is are she’s it it’s you you’re we we’re they they’re
- 7. Nice to meetyou! 6 Give some information about yourself and others… I am a pilot, I am 40 years old and I am Colombian. She is Lisa, she is my friend. Lisa is from Cuba but she lives in Medellín. She is beautiful and smart. Cuba is a big island in the Caribbean. El To be es un verbo primordial y su forma interrogativa es simple. A continuación, veremos su uso en diferentes situaciones: How old are you? I am 40 years old. Age You are in Colombia now. Location She is happy. Feelings We are soccer players. Jobs Are they from Cuba? No, they are from Mexico.
- 8. Nice to meetyou! 7 Useful expressions What do you do? What is your occupation? What do you do for a living? How are you? How are you doing? I’m well, thank you and you? I am a politician. Let’s practice Answer these questions: What is your name? What do you do for a living? How old are you?
- 9. Excuse me, whereis...? 8
- 10. 9 Excuse me, whereis...? Además de presentarse, saber llegar a un lugar, dar o recibir indicaciones hace parte fundamental de una comunicación inicial. Las preposiciones de lugar nos ayudan a precisar una ubicación. Where is the library? The library is in front of the police station. Excuse me, where is the hospital? It is next to the bank. The police station is between the supermarket and the cinema. Use “where is” to ask for a specific location Cuando damos indicaciones no necesitamos incluir un sujeto en la oración: Cross the street and turn left. Walk two blocks and then, turn right. Giving Directions Verbs Prepositions of place turn left turn right go straight go past... cross at the corner of... next to opposite between A A A B A C B A B
- 11. 10 Excuse me, whereis...? Los auxiliares Do (para los sujetos I, You, We, They) y Does (para los sujetos he, she, it) nos permiten darle el sentido interrogativo y negativo a una oración. Esta es la estructura común: Common questions using “wh words” and auxiliaries Auxiliary + subject+ verb Where + auxiliary + subject + verb Do you work? Yes, I do Where do you work? I work at the city hall Subject+auxiliary+not+verb She does not go to the cinema in the mornings. I live in the downtown. I don’t live alone, my siblings live with me. I have a playful dog. It is a Labrador. What?-¿Qué? Where?-¿Dónde? When?-¿Cuándo? Where do you work? I work at the city hall. I am a secretary. When does she arrive? She arrives next Monday. Where do you go on weekends? I go to bars or clubs on weekends. Recuerda que la negación puede contraerse: Do not Don’t Does not Doesn’t NOTE:
- 12. 11 Excuse me, whereis...? Hey you… Where are you from? Where do you live? What is your favorite place to visit? Where is the bank in your city? Big Smart Tall Boring Crowded Happy Beautiful Small Dumb Short Exciting Empty Sad Ugly Adjectives and their opposites
- 13. My job andmy hobbies 12
- 14. 13 My job andmy hobbies A continuación, encontrarás algunos de los verbos más comunes dentro del contexto habitual. Para crear oraciones negativas e interrogativas, necesitaremos los auxiliares previamente vistos. I work at a hospital in Chicago. On weekends, I go to museums with my children. I’m a school teacher. I do not work on Saturdays. I talk to clients everyday. I am a salesman. We do not exercise often. Where do you work? I work at a law firm in the city. When do you see your friends? We meet together for dinner every Friday. I study chemistry at college, so I read a lot and I spend a lot of time at the laboratory too. On weekends, I sleep a lot and watch some movies.
- 15. 14 My job andmy hobbies You can use certain verbs such as: like, love and hate to show the way you feel about some activities. DRINK SLEEP EAT WORK TRAVEL SPEAK I love to eat hamburgers for dinner. I like to swim on weekends. I love to listen to music in the morning. I don’t like to wait for the bus. I hate to be late. Do you know these verbs? Find some verb definitions in your dictionary: jump, run, smile, drink, wait, type, send, speak, stalk, look at, call, want, have, bleed, find, travel, ride, fly, swim, chat, text.
- 16. 15 My job andmy hobbies Let’s answer these questions and use some verbs! What are the activities you do at work or school? What are your hobbies? How can you describe those activities? Where do you like to go on weekends? In your opinion, what is the best activity ever?
- 17. The world throughnumbers 16
- 18. 17 The world throughnumbers Los números ocupan gran parte de la cotidianidad por ende es indispensable conocerlos en cualquier lengua que se hable. En vocabulario, veremos que la mayoría de sustantivos en su forma plural contienen una S. sin embargo, encontraremos algunos que cambian su forma totalmente. Kids Jobs Women Men People Cellphones Kid Job Woman Man Person Cellphone Singular Plural I am Silvie, I am 30 years old. I have one kid and some beautiful pets. I like to run with my 2 dogs on weekends. NUMBERS IN ENGLISH 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred 1.000 one thousand 1.000.000 one million
- 19. 18 The world throughnumbers Countable and uncountable nouns How much nos permite preguntar sobre sustantivos incontables (las cuales van siempre en singular). How many por el contrario, nos permite preguntar por cantidades contables (aquellas que poseen una forma plural). How much is the coat? It is 50 dollars How much are the shoes? They are 20 How much rice do you eat a day? I eat a lot How many pets do you have? I have 2 dogs and 1 cat Countables Uncountables Burgers Bread Cereal Coffee Cherries Tomatoes Oranges Milk Juice Rice Pancakes Candies
- 20. Question time! Answer: How manybrothers and sisters do you have? How many cities do you know? How much water do you drink a day? 19 The world through numbers Let’s read some fun facts 7 is the most popular "Favorite Number“ in the world. In Thailand, "555" is a hilarious (funny) number. Kopi Luwak is the most expensive coffee in the world. It costs between $35 and $100 a cup, or about $100 to $600 a pound. The most populated city in the world is Tokyo, there are 37,400,068 inhabitants. Colombia has approximately 1921 different birds. you know? Did
- 21. Yes, I cando it! 20
- 22. 21 Yes, I cando it! El verbo can expresa habilidad. Este debe ir acompañado de otro verbo y su forma interrogativa y negativa no requiere auxiliar alguno. I can speak four languages. Can you fly a kite? Yes, I can. I cannot call you right now, I’m sorry. Can she sing Opera? Yes, she can. How much ice cream can you eat during the week? When can we have some coffee? The liberian Ziad Fazah can speak 58 languages.
- 23. 22 Yes, I cando it! QUIZ QUIZ Skills Answer the next questions with “yes” or “no” and check your abilities while using English Can you introduce yourself in two different languages? Can you count from 1 to 100 in English? Can you describe your home with three different words? Can you jump the rope? Can you climb a tree? Can you sing a song by heart? (by memory)
- 24. 23 Yes, I cando it! Remember… When you introduce yourself, mention your name and occupation. It’s polite to ask how the other person is. Places are big and small. Small places are towns and big places are cities. Some cities are capitals, imagine for example Bogotá, the capital of Colombia. Use capital letters when talking about days of the week, months, countries and names. In English, adjectives are not pluralized. Be curious and find vocabulary related to your own context.