Enel is retrofitting a 660 MWe coal power plant in Porto Tolle, Italy with carbon capture and storage technology. The project aims to capture 1 Mt of CO2 per year using amine-based post-combustion capture, and store it in a deep saline aquifer offshore. Engineering studies are underway to design the capture plant and transportation and storage infrastructure. Pilot testing of capture technologies is also occurring. The goal is to have the full demonstration plant operational by the end of 2015.

1. Enel's CCS Project
Current Status Overview
Stefano Malloggi
Roma, 18 ottobre 2011

2. Uso: Aziendale
ZEPT Post-combustion capture and storage demo project
Project goal
To retrofit one 660 MWe
coal fired unit of Porto Tolle
Porto Tolle
power station with CO2 P2
Porto Tolle
capture equipment and
start CO2 underground
storage by the end of 2015 P1
2

3. Uso: Aziendale
P.To Tolle demo project
Main features of the demo plant
• Flue gas flow rate: 810.000 Nm3/h
• Capacity: 1 Mt of CO2 per year (250
MWe equivalent)
• Capture technology: post combustion
ammine based
Porto Tolle
P2
• CO2 removal efficiency: 90%
Porto Tolle
• Storage: deep saline aquifer off-shore
(about 100 km from the power plant)
• Plant in operation: by the end of 2015
P1
3

4. Uso: Aziendale
ZEPT Post-combustion capture and storage demo project
General planning (*)
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Capture process tests
Phase 1 Technology follow-up
at lab scale
Design and construction of a Operation of the capture pilot plant
Phase 2
10.000 Nm 3 /h pilot plant and pilot tests on transport & injection
Phase 3 Geological studies for site selection Geological storage site characterization and preparation
Phase 4 Feasibility study, design and construction of a CCS demo plant
(*) time schedule subject to be modified in relation to P.to Tolle Power Station authorization procedure
4

5. Uso: Aziendale
CCS – The main activities in progress
•
1 Feasibility study of P.to Tolle demo project
• Selection of the capture technology
• Development of the FEED(*) for transport pipeline and injection
infrastructure
• Selection and assessment of the storage site
• Development of the financing plan
•
2 Sorbent characterization
• Pilot scale test of MEA sorbent
(*) Front End Engineering Design
5

6. Uso: Aziendale
1 P.To Tolle demo project - Feasibility Analysis
Selection of the capture technology Front End Engineering Design
Power Unit Capture Compression and Injection Deep saline
- Process Flow Diagrams e Process &
Instrumentation Diagrams
transport aquifer
- Mass & energy balance
CO2 path - Detailed design of: main components and
Cap rock –
1 km
key items, civil works, electric system
and automation
impermeable layer CO2
- Materials
- Plant general lay out and lay out of piping
Work flow - Quantities and weights
 Selection of the process and conceptual design
- Planning of engineering and mounting
development
- Investment cost (construction
 Selection of the potential technology providers by engineering, R&C
international level survey system, components, piping, civil
works, BOP, mounting, ecc) and O&M cost
 Definition of a scoring matrix and selection of the top 4 by evaluation (chemicals, ee, water, spare
parts, ecc)
a question&answer procedure
 Development of 4 FEED and
• selection of the BAT for capture and compression section
• Test of the sorbent used by the selected tecnology
provider on the 10.000 Nm3/h pilot plant of Brindisi
6

7. Uso: Aziendale
1 P.To Tolle demo project - Feasibility Analysis
Selection and assessment of the storage site
Pre-screening completed. Selected a
reservoir with an estimated capacity of 200
Mt of CO2(*) Activity Flow chart
1. Data
Porto Tolle assessment
Power plant
and base line
4. Appraisal well 2. Geological
construction and site modeling
injection test and appraisal
well design
(2013)
3. Risk
analysis
(*) able to storage the total CO2 mass rate of the power Activities in
station for 25 years progress
The activities are carried out in collaboration with eni and italian/international
scientific institutions (INGV, OGS, CESI, IFP, Schlumberger)
7

8. Uso: Aziendale
2 CO2 capture pilot plant
Highlights
Activities Main features
 Start up and commissioning July 2010
 Three experimental campaigns performed:
 baseline tests with MEA 20%wt
 parametric tests with MEA 30-40% wt
 reclaiming tests
 emission measures
 Numbers:
 2500 h of operation
 Flue gas flow: 10.000 Nm3/h
 5000 ton of CO2 captured  Capture capacity: 50-60 t CO2/day
 Capture efficiency: 85-95%
 More than 200 visitors in six months (after
 Absorption temperature: 45-50 ºC
inauguration)
 Desorption pressure: up to 2.5 barg
 CO2 purity: >99%,vol
 SO2 at capture section inlet: < 20 mg/Nm3
 8
particulate at capture section inlet: < 0,25 mg/Nm3

9. Uso: Aziendale
2 Brindisi pilot plant - MEA test results
~17%
~26%
MEA 20% MEA 30% MEA 40%
Gj/ton CO2
Gj/ton CO2
MEA 20% MEA 30% MEA 40%
Campaign Gj/ton CO2 %
MEA 20 % 4,1 0
Solvent flow rate - mc MEA 30 % 3,4 - 17
MEA 40 % 3,02 - 26
 MEA 40 % reduction over 25% compared to MEA 20 % and over 15% respect
to MEA 30%
9

10. Uso: Aziendale
2 Reduction of the energy impact
increasing the capture process performance
New technology development path
Ammine based sorbents
(now in Brindisi pilot and
in PT demo in the future) • In the first phase the research activities
14
LIQUID
will be focused on the ammine based
SORBENT sorbents (used in P.to Tolle application)
12
Mid-Long term • In the second phase the objective will
Loss of efficiency (%)
10 tecnologies (ex. solid be to characterized and select 2nd
sorbents, membrane, ion
ic liquid, hydrates) generation sorbents potentially suitable
8
for improving the capture process
6 New sorbents (dual performances. The goal is to reduce the
phase, ammino-acid, new energy impact of CCS on the generation
ammine mix, ammonia)
4 unit in the range 40%-50% (for
commercial plant built after 2025)
2 Technologies Enel conseders of interest in the
short-mid term period
5 10 15 20
years
The different sorbents will be tested on the pilot plant of Brindisi since 2011 with
the aim of verifying the energy penalty (mid term objective: reduction of 40%)
10

11. Uso: Aziendale
Thank you
for your kind attention
11