1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words i.docx
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1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words include direct discussion of the main points, answers, and question. Include at least 2 APA-cited references. According to “Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21) Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience”, there are 16 critical infrastructure sectors that are considered critical to the safety, security and success of the United States. Each of these sixteen sectors has a designated lead agency, which is in charge of safeguarding their assigned sector. As part of these responsibilities, the agency in charge of each sector creates a plan that incorporates the National Infrastructure Protection Plan’s risk management framework in order to safeguard these vital areas. There are numerous sectors that cover everything from nuclear power plants, to money to agriculture. We will discuss three of these sectors in more detail (DHS, 2017). The first sector includes Water and Wastewater systems and is focused on safe drinking water and the proper treatment of our wastewater. Water is critical to any civilization and the safeguarding and oversight of this resource is critical to our public health. The lead agency for this sector is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). While the EPA most definitely plays a role in safeguarding our drinking and Waste Water, there are a number of other agencies that could be involved in this sector including the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Since the mission of DHHS is directly tied to enhancing and protecting the health and well being of all Americans, I can see the large role they could potentially play in this sector. While the EPA may be better suited to deal with some of the environmental factors associated with this sector, I feel that the DHHS may be better suited to protect the public health and prevent disease. The Nuclear Reactors, Materials, and Waste sector is overseen by the Department of Homeland Security and is focused on maintaining the security of the nation’s nuclear assets. This sector includes oversight of more than 150 nuclear facilities, radioactive materials used in medical, commercial, and academic areas as well as shipments of nuclear waste. I think the Department of Homeland Security is the best choice to lead this sector but I also feel that the Department of Energy should also be involved in oversight of this sector since they are the primary agency physically protecting most of the nuclear sites in the U.S. and are responsible for many of the individual nuclear sites. The Department of Energy is the lead agency for the Energy sector and their expertise could be leveraged to better implement risk management initiatives and increase the resilience of the nuclear infrastructure (DOE, 2017). The third sector is the Information Technology sector which has become increasingly critical to the overall security and prosperity of the United States over the last fifteen to twenty years. This sector is so ...
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Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
Larry Keasler
As part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure Sectors, the primary objective of the Defense Industrial Base (DIB) Sector is to directly support the U.S. military forces in the production of materials and services. As specified by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 (HSPD-7), the Department of Defense is the Sector-Specific Agency for the DIB Sector. In this role, the DoD is “responsible for leading a collaborative, coordinated effort to identify, assess, and improve risk management of critical infrastructure within DIB” (DHS, 2013, 11). Associated partners of the DoD working in collaboration are interagency members such as the Department of Energy, Department of State, Transportation Security Administration, and a large number of representatives from the private sector.
The vital roles than the private sector plays in helping the federal government carry out its objectives are to provide support to the military in the field of research and development, manufacturing of products and integrated systems, weapon systems and components. Making up the private sector in the DIB Sector are international and domestic companies, laboratories, academia, and logistic chains. The DIB is broken down into 10 segments which include a make-up of sub-segments. The segments include: Missile, Aircraft, Troop support, Space, Combat vehicle, Ammunition, Weapons, Information technology, Shipbuilding, and Electronics.
The types of services and materials that are produced does not define the DIB as the other critical infrastructure sectors are defined, rather the DIB is defined by who their customer is that will be receiving the services and materials. Once a facility that has been identified by DoD to be a production partner, vulnerability assessments are conducted considering the value to the nation. These assessments not only identify vulnerabilities from natural disasters, but also from possible intentional attacks. However, due to the enormity of associated assets, “DoD encourages DIB asset owner/operators to apply a risk management approach to protecting DIB infrastructure. DoD assists owner/operators with understanding the risk—impact of loss, vulnerabilities, and threat—associated with a specific asset” (DHS, 2015, 23).
Reference
Department of Homeland Security. (2015). Defense industrial base sector specific plan: An annex to the NIPP 2013. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
John McLaughlin
For this week’s reading regarding the sector specific plans associated with critical infrastructure, I chose to read about the information technology sector. Information technology field is one of the biggest when it comes to different departments of the government contracting out the jobs. With the United States relying on technology more than ever the importance of information technology specialists are at a premium. When it comes to information technology government entities tend to contract out the jobs to reputable compani ...
HM502Unit 5 DQTopic 1 Infrastructure ProtectionA detailed
HM502
Unit 5 DQ
Topic 1: Infrastructure Protection
A detailed discussion of threats to and the process of protecting critical infrastructure and key resources (CI/KR) sectors from man-made and natural disasters are essential for understanding one of the main missions of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). In detailed analysis of threats and protection challenges, several CI/KR sectors have emerged that require the attention of DHS professionals. These sectors include:
· Agriculture and Food
· Banking and Finance
· Communications
· Defense Industrial Base
· Energy
· Information Technology
· National Monuments and Icons
· Transportation Systems
· Water
What are some of the major threats to the CI/KR sectors identified above? Discuss some of the critical vulnerabilities of these CI/KR sectors. What are some of the prime consequences if these CI/KR sectors are damaged or destroyed? Describe DHS plans to deter threats, mitigate vulnerabilities, and minimize consequences.
Topic 1 Student Response #1 (Respond to Jeffery)
Jeffery Bailey
Hello classmates/Professor
The Homeland Security Act of 2002 provides the basis for Department of Homeland Security (DHS) responsibilities in the protection of the Nation’s CIKR. The act assigns DHS the responsibility for developing a comprehensive national plan for securing CIKR and for recommending the “measures necessary to protect the key resources and critical infrastructure of the United States coordination with other agencies of the Federal Government and in cooperation with State and
local government agencies and authorities, the private sector, and other entities. (Chertoff, 2009) The NIPP defines the organizational structures that provide
the framework for coordination of CIKR protection efforts at all levels of government, their framework includes the action of setting goals and objectives, Identify Assets, Systems and Networks, Assess Risk, consequences, vulnerabilities, and threats. Prioritize, Implement Programs and Measure effectiveness.
The NIPP Conducts research and development and using technology to improve CIKR protection-related capabilities to ensure refined risk assessments for many years into the future. The NIPP assistance programs offers Federal grant assistance to State, local, tribal, and territorial entities; and complement relevant private sector activities. Part of their mission is to make America safer and more secure from cyber attacks and also both man made and natural disasters. Together, the NIPP and SSPs provide the mechanisms for identifying critical assets, systems, and networks, and their associated sectors. In dealing with risk and emergencies the NIPP has Sector Specific Agencies that are assigned certain areas of responsibilities such as Agriculture, Food, Energy and Water. Banking and Finance Communications, in dealing with the potential risk that may befall any of these entities the NIPP takes critical steps to assess, mitigate, protect, and plan for futur ...
Recommended
Larry KeaslerAs part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure .docx
Larry Keasler
As part of the nation’s 16 Critical Infrastructure Sectors, the primary objective of the Defense Industrial Base (DIB) Sector is to directly support the U.S. military forces in the production of materials and services. As specified by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 7 (HSPD-7), the Department of Defense is the Sector-Specific Agency for the DIB Sector. In this role, the DoD is “responsible for leading a collaborative, coordinated effort to identify, assess, and improve risk management of critical infrastructure within DIB” (DHS, 2013, 11). Associated partners of the DoD working in collaboration are interagency members such as the Department of Energy, Department of State, Transportation Security Administration, and a large number of representatives from the private sector.
The vital roles than the private sector plays in helping the federal government carry out its objectives are to provide support to the military in the field of research and development, manufacturing of products and integrated systems, weapon systems and components. Making up the private sector in the DIB Sector are international and domestic companies, laboratories, academia, and logistic chains. The DIB is broken down into 10 segments which include a make-up of sub-segments. The segments include: Missile, Aircraft, Troop support, Space, Combat vehicle, Ammunition, Weapons, Information technology, Shipbuilding, and Electronics.
The types of services and materials that are produced does not define the DIB as the other critical infrastructure sectors are defined, rather the DIB is defined by who their customer is that will be receiving the services and materials. Once a facility that has been identified by DoD to be a production partner, vulnerability assessments are conducted considering the value to the nation. These assessments not only identify vulnerabilities from natural disasters, but also from possible intentional attacks. However, due to the enormity of associated assets, “DoD encourages DIB asset owner/operators to apply a risk management approach to protecting DIB infrastructure. DoD assists owner/operators with understanding the risk—impact of loss, vulnerabilities, and threat—associated with a specific asset” (DHS, 2015, 23).
Reference
Department of Homeland Security. (2015). Defense industrial base sector specific plan: An annex to the NIPP 2013. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
John McLaughlin
For this week’s reading regarding the sector specific plans associated with critical infrastructure, I chose to read about the information technology sector. Information technology field is one of the biggest when it comes to different departments of the government contracting out the jobs. With the United States relying on technology more than ever the importance of information technology specialists are at a premium. When it comes to information technology government entities tend to contract out the jobs to reputable compani ...
HM502Unit 5 DQTopic 1 Infrastructure ProtectionA detailed
HM502
Unit 5 DQ
Topic 1: Infrastructure Protection
A detailed discussion of threats to and the process of protecting critical infrastructure and key resources (CI/KR) sectors from man-made and natural disasters are essential for understanding one of the main missions of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). In detailed analysis of threats and protection challenges, several CI/KR sectors have emerged that require the attention of DHS professionals. These sectors include:
· Agriculture and Food
· Banking and Finance
· Communications
· Defense Industrial Base
· Energy
· Information Technology
· National Monuments and Icons
· Transportation Systems
· Water
What are some of the major threats to the CI/KR sectors identified above? Discuss some of the critical vulnerabilities of these CI/KR sectors. What are some of the prime consequences if these CI/KR sectors are damaged or destroyed? Describe DHS plans to deter threats, mitigate vulnerabilities, and minimize consequences.
Topic 1 Student Response #1 (Respond to Jeffery)
Jeffery Bailey
Hello classmates/Professor
The Homeland Security Act of 2002 provides the basis for Department of Homeland Security (DHS) responsibilities in the protection of the Nation’s CIKR. The act assigns DHS the responsibility for developing a comprehensive national plan for securing CIKR and for recommending the “measures necessary to protect the key resources and critical infrastructure of the United States coordination with other agencies of the Federal Government and in cooperation with State and
local government agencies and authorities, the private sector, and other entities. (Chertoff, 2009) The NIPP defines the organizational structures that provide
the framework for coordination of CIKR protection efforts at all levels of government, their framework includes the action of setting goals and objectives, Identify Assets, Systems and Networks, Assess Risk, consequences, vulnerabilities, and threats. Prioritize, Implement Programs and Measure effectiveness.
The NIPP Conducts research and development and using technology to improve CIKR protection-related capabilities to ensure refined risk assessments for many years into the future. The NIPP assistance programs offers Federal grant assistance to State, local, tribal, and territorial entities; and complement relevant private sector activities. Part of their mission is to make America safer and more secure from cyber attacks and also both man made and natural disasters. Together, the NIPP and SSPs provide the mechanisms for identifying critical assets, systems, and networks, and their associated sectors. In dealing with risk and emergencies the NIPP has Sector Specific Agencies that are assigned certain areas of responsibilities such as Agriculture, Food, Energy and Water. Banking and Finance Communications, in dealing with the potential risk that may befall any of these entities the NIPP takes critical steps to assess, mitigate, protect, and plan for futur ...
ASEAN Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Framework
The main purpose of the study and its point of action is to develop regional critical information infrastructure (CII) resilience practices by identifying CII that have strategic imperatives and developing coordinated approaches for cybersecurity protection. The scope of this project study is based on the ASEAN ICT Masterplan 2020 which aims to strengthen information security and assurance among ASEAN Member States (AMS).
Charless Initial ResponseCharles B. FreitagHelms School o
Charles's Initial Response
Charles B. Freitag
Helms School of Government, Liberty University
Definition of Critical Infrastructure
Critical infrastructure refers to those physical or virtual systems and assets that are so crucial to the United States that their incapacity or destruction would have a crippling effect on national security (Taylor & Swanson, 2019). Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) argue that the threats to America's crucial infrastructure and resources critical infrastructures are vital to a nation's physical and logical life. Furthermore, crucial infrastructure is required for daily public welfare, economic growth, and government activities (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021). Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) add that water supply, healthcare (hospitals, medicines, and vaccines), financial services (banks and insurance), civil administration (government functions and facilities), and transportation systems (road, rail, and air traffic) are all critical infrastructures. Critical infrastructures are interconnected and complex (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021).
Moreover, this means that the operation of one critical infrastructure is dependent on the operation of others (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021). For example, keeping a steady supply of energy is essential for water and telecommunications networks. Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) argue that a single critical infrastructure failure can cause cascading effects on other critical infrastructures, causing regional or national implications. The tight interconnection of vital infrastructures complicates crisis management. Finally, given the intricate interconnection of critical infrastructure networks, governments have increasingly needed to design resilient critical infrastructure systems (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021).
Vulnerabilities of Critical Infrastructure
Baggott and Santos (2020) add that the impact of a cyberattack on the power grid is markedly different from that of a natural disaster. The ramifications could be far worse (Baggott & Santos, 2020). Cyberattacks may have a detrimental effect on the morale of impacted communities and may erode trust in service providers. Baggott and Santos (2020) argue that while natural disasters are incapable of selecting a specific target (i.e., a critical location or node of the network), a cyberattacker can pinpoint a specific node, time, and method of attack using information about the grid's design that is readily available in open source (non-classified) material on the Internet. Hurricane Matthew recently knocked out electricity to an estimated 1.4 million people and killed over 1,000; while Hurricane Matthew was devastating, the repercussions may have been even worse had the storm's timing and direction been altered slightly (Baggott & Santos, 2020).
Taylor and Swanson (2019) argue that the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, underscored the threat and vulnerability of essential infrastructure. Additionally, federal, state, and municipal governments have recognized this vulner ...
Title United States. The National Strategy for Homeland Security .docx
Title: United States. The National Strategy for Homeland Security - Protecting Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets
PROTECTING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AND KEY ASSETS
Terrorists are opportunistic. They exploit vulnerabilities we leave exposed, choosing the time, place, and method of attack according to the weaknesses they observe or perceive. Increasing the security of a particular type of target, such as aircraft or buildings, makes it more likely that terrorists will seek a different target. Increasing the countermeasures to a particular terrorist tactic, such as hijacking, makes it more likely that terrorists will favor a different tactic.
Protecting America's critical infrastructure and key assets is thus a formidable challenge. Our open and technologically complex society presents an almost infinite array of potential targets, and our critical infrastructure changes as rapidly as the marketplace. It is impossible to protect completely all targets, all the time. On the other hand, we can help deter or deflect attacks, or mitigate their effects, by making strategic improvements in protection and security. Thus, while we cannot assume we will prevent all terrorist attacks, we can substantially reduce America's vulnerability, particularly to the most damaging attacks.
All elements of our society have a crucial stake in reducing our vulnerability to terrorism; and all have highly valuable roles to play. Protecting America's critical infrastructure and key assets requires an unprecedented level of cooperation throughout all levels of government-with private industry and institutions, and with the American people. The federal government has the crucial task of fostering a collaborative environment, and enabling all of these entities to work together to provide America the security it requires.
What must we protect? The USA PATRIOT Act defines critical infrastructure as those "systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those matters." Our critical infrastructures are particularly important because of the functions or services they provide to our country. Our critical infrastructures are also particularly important because they are complex systems: the effects of a terrorist attack can spread far beyond the direct target, and reverberate long after the immediate damage.
America's critical infrastructure encompasses a large number of sectors. Our agriculture, food, and water sectors, along with the public health and emergency services sectors, provide the essential goods and services Americans need to survive. Our institutions of government guarantee our national security and freedom, and administer key public functions. Our defense industrial base provides essential capabilities to help safeguard ...
Annotated BibliographyThere are 2 .docx
Annotated Bibliography
There are 2 article about immigration and these article must use as a source for this annotated essay. Each paragraph should mention these article for supporting detail in the essay.
1. https://www.usnews.com/opinion/economic-intelligence/articles/2017-07-31/donald-trump-should-realize-the-us-economy-needs-immigrants
2. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/09/trump-clinton-immigration-economy-unemployment-jobs-214216
Topic is “Does immigration beneficial or harmful for the U.S. economy?
It is Annotated Bibliography.
Introduction Paragraph
There must be 3 body paragraph for Essay
First paragraph: Yes, Immigration good for US economy.
Second paragraph: Also there should be Yes, immigration good for US economy BUT……..( this paragraph should explain yes immigration good for US, however there is some problem or some issue about……)
Third paragraph: No, immigration bad for US economy.
Conclusion Paragraph
Almost 800 words with MLA citation.
I need all citation information with their web address too.
I have to explain them, so I will read them.
You have two article and you need to choose at least 3 outside sources for Annotated Essay.
Write a summary and response for each source.
Remember, they should have different answers to your problem.
Provide both a summary of the source and your evaluation
why this is a useful source for your research and how it answers your question.
NORAD-USNORTHCOM
Interagency Coordination
This Briefing is Classified:
UNCLASSIFIED
Mr. Barry Nightingale
Directorate of Interagency
Coordination
UNCLASSIFIED
2
UNCLASSIFIED
What is Interagency Coordination?
• “The Coordination that occurs between agencies of
the US Government, including the Department of
Defense, for the purpose of accomplishing an
objective” - JP 3-08
• Interagency Coordination is integrated throughout
both Commands . . . not a separate function.
• We at N-NC include:
-US Government Agencies
(Dept of Homeland Security, State, Transportation, Health
and Human Services, etc)
-Non-Government Agencies
(Red Cross, Humanitarian Int’l Service Group, etc)
-Private Sector Organizations
(Academic, business, professional)
3
UNCLASSIFIED
N-NC Interagency Coordination Directorate
CMOC
HQS NORAD-USNORTHCOM
Peterson AFB
Cheyenne Mountain
Air Station
N-NC J4
Logistic and
Engineering
N-NC J1
Manpower &
Personnel
N-NC J6
Architectures &
Integration
N-NC J7
Training &
Exercise
N-NC J8
Programs &
Resources
N-NC J2
Intelligence
NC J3
Operations
SJFHQ - North
N J3
Operations
N-NC IC
Interagency
Coordination
NN--NC ICNC IC
Interagency Interagency
Coordination Coordination
N-NC J5
Plans and
Policy
N-NC IC Directorate Mission
Facilitate the integration and synchronization of Interagency activities
to ensure mutual understanding, unity of effort and full spectrum support
to and from NORAD and USNORTHCOM
4
UNCLASSIFIED
Resident and Local
Agency Representati.
Gabriel HarrellExplain the specific security challenges in the P.docx
Gabriel Harrell
Explain the specific security challenges in the Port Maritime Environment, Risk-based Management, Megaports Initiative, and the Secure Freight Initiative.
There are a significant number of parts that make up Port Operations and even more security challenges that these different parts have to try and overcome. The greatest security challenge that is faced by every port is from terrorism. This is the case for the port maritime environment due to there being so many security infrastructure points that can target to include airports, bridges, tunnels, rail systems, inland rivers, industrial parks, world trade centers, shipyards, marinas, and other public port facilities (Christopher, 2014). These different infrastructure points are essential to the continued operations of the entire port maritime environment.
The concern for the security of ports against terrorism is that the same threats that face vulnerable land targets can strike the different infrastructure points that make up the port maritime environment. Just a few of these threats from terrorism on ports would include active shooters, the use of small vessels that are explosive-laden known as Water Borne Improvised Explosive Device, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and an attack that utilizes an aircraft or other vessel similar to the 9/11 attacks (DHS, 2015). This is where Risk Management comes into the picture for each individual port and the different infrastructure points at each individual port.
To utilize Risk Based Management is a daunting task that is an ever changing due to the different threats that arise such as the threat on the cyber security infrastructure of ports. Risk Based Management starts with the port security understanding the risks to port infrastructure that has to be identified, assessed, and managed (Christopher, 2014). Being able to determine these risk and threats and to have planning in place to mitigate their effects is essential in the continued uninterrupted operations of ports. One concept that is utilized to determine risk and to mitigate them is the Megaports Initiative.
One of the most effective security measures against terrorism is having partnerships and active communication between different agencies. The Megaports Initiative is a partnership that is between foreign customs and other law enforcement agencies, port authorities, terminal operators, and other relevant entities in partner countries that help to enhance detection capabilities for special nuclear and radioactive materials that are in cargo containers and traveling in the global maritime shipping network (NNSA, 2010). The initiative also is a partnership between the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the U.S. Department of State to counter nuclear and radiological threats to the United States and its international partners by installing radiation portal monitors (RPMs) to be able to scan containers that are high-risk that a ...
Week 5 – Critical Infrastructure (Local Level)In last week’s les.docx
Week 5 – Critical Infrastructure (Local Level)
In last week’s lesson, we spoke of the nation’s critical infrastructure, concentrating on the various roles and responsibilities of those located at the national level related to these assets. This week, we will direct attention towards the various government entities located at the local level. Rather than repeating any of last week’s lesson here, you are encouraged to review that it as necessary for reference.
When viewing the nation’s critical infrastructure, it is common and understandable for many to view it from solely a national-level perspective. However, much of that infrastructure resides at the state, local, and regional levels, and the risk factors encountered in these geographic regions aid in determining overall national level risk. Therefore, government at these levels cannot be discounted. This is highlighted within NIPP 2013: Partnering for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, where it emphasizes the fact that local governments are instrumental within the overall critical infrastructure partnership. Concerning their specific roles, this document states “they drive emergency preparedness, as well as local participation in critical infrastructure security and resilience across a variety of jurisdictional partners, including government agencies, owners and operators, and private citizens in the communities that they serve” (DHS, 2013, p. 47).
In this lesson, a brief introduction will be offered regarding each of the 16 critical infrastructure sectors, the risks that each has identified and serve as areas of concern, as well as the role local level of government might play regarding these risks. Obviously, not all of these sectors will be equally relevant to every local jurisdiction, if considered at all. Simply put, they will vary from one local jurisdiction to another, and the manner in which the risks, threats, and consequences related to each are identified, assessed, and dealt with will vary as well.
Chemical Sector
The chemical sector of our economy converts raw materials into tens of thousands of products that are utilized in all facets of our society. Countless facilities located throughout the U.S. not only utilize these products, but also “manufacture, store, transport, or deliver chemicals along a complex, global supply chain” (DHS, 2015a, p. 2). Although the vast majority of these assets are privately owned, those considered to be of greatest risk are regulated in accordance with various standards, those that include, but not limited to, the DHS Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS). Currently, the risks considered to be the most significant include insider threats, cyber threats, natural disasters and extreme weather, deliberate attacks and terrorism, as well as biohazards and pandemics. As part of the Chemical Sector Partnership Structure, state, local, tribal, & territorial forms of government and their representatives are part of what is known.
47Critical Infrastructure Protection, Emergency Respon.docx
47
Critical Infrastructure Protection,
Emergency Response,
and Management
Dr. John B. Noftsinger, Jr.
Kenneth F. Newbold, Jr.
Benjamin T. Delp
• Define the term critical infrastructure.
• List and describe the critical infrastructure sectors.
• Describe the current national policy that addresses critical infrastructure.
• List the hazards and threats in the physical and cyber components in America’s infrastructure.
• List and describe the seven cardinal rules of risk communication.
• Describe the roles of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in critical infrastructure protection.
• Discuss the roles of the Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC).
Objectives
4
57854_CH04_final.indd 4757854_CH04_final.indd 47 1/20/10 10:23:00 AM1/20/10 10:23:00 AM
© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION.
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48 Homeland Security: Principles and Practice of Terrorism Response
Introduction
Critical infrastructure protection is a vital component
to ensuring effective and efficient emergency manage-
ment practice. This chapter will explore infrastructure
systems, how they are interconnected, and how these
systems relate to emergency management. It is necessary
to assess and identify civilian infrastructures that support
communication, health, transportation, and other vital
operations, which are susceptible to natural disasters,
human error, and the direct target of malicious activi-
ties including terrorism and sabotage. Included in this
discussion will be an examination of the cyber, physical,
and human aspects of critical infrastructure systems with
a specific focus on emergency management practices.
Critical infrastructure systems include not just hardware
and software, but the people and institutions responsible
for their existence, operation, and safety.
Defining Critical Infrastructure Protection
Critical infrastructure systems have become increasingly
complex and reliant on computer-based automated sys-
tems to provide the continuous operation of our critical
systems. In this chapter, we will address technological
and emergency management issues that affect cyber,
physical, and human infrastructures.
As defined in the USA PATRIOT Act and the
National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP), critical
infrastructures are “systems and assets, whether physical
or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity
or destruction of such systems and assets would have a
debilitating impact on security, national economic secu-
rity, national public health or safety, or any combination
of those matters.”
The NIPP goes on to define key resources and key
assets. Critical infrastructure is “systems and assets,
whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity
or destruction of such may have a debilitating impact
on the security, economy, public health or safety, envi-
ronment, or any combination of these matters, across
an ...
From Awareness to Action Accounting for InfrastructureInter
From Awareness to Action: Accounting for Infrastructure
Interdependencies in Disaster Response and
Recovery Planning
Anu Narayanan1 , Melissa Finucane1, Joie Acosta1, and Amanda Wicker1
1RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
Abstract This paper highlights challenges and open questions pertaining to physical and social
infrastructure system interdependencies and their implications for disaster response, recovery, and
resilience planning efforts. We describe the importance of understanding interdependencies in disaster
contexts and highlight limitations to existing approaches. Suggestions for understanding and addressing
interdependencies focus on increasing availability of tools for assessing interdependencies and increasing
stakeholder and decisionmaker uptake of infrastructure interdependency‐related information in planning
efforts.
Plain Language Summary Interdependent physical and social systems offer enormous benefits
for daily life because they produce and distribute essential goods and services that are necessary for health,
safety, and economic well‐being. For instance, the power grid is required for effective functioning of
information systems and cell phones, which underpin effective functioning of hospitals, water and sewer
systems, traffic lights, and home appliances. In return, communications and information technology is
required for effective functioning of the power grid, especially to meet the concurrent demands for reliable
energy supply, protection, and automation. In this paper, we describe how failure in interdependent
systems can be catastrophic and lead to death and prolonged human suffering. We examine difficulties in
linking failures in interdependent systems to measurable social impacts including: limited availability of
data and models, disciplinary silos that might stand in the way of different stakeholders, practitioners, and
experts working together on this inherently cross‐disciplinary problem, and diversity in infrastructure
systems, disruptive events, and communities. We suggest that awareness of the vulnerabilities in
interdependent infrastructure systems needs to be coupled with coordinated action and collaboration among
government agencies, communities, and industries.
1. Introduction
Some of the worst disasters in recent memory are the outcomes of low‐probability, high‐consequence events
that have brought with them failures of interdependent infrastructure systems (Alexander, 2018). By “infra-
structure,” we mean not just physical assets (e.g., the power grid, water and wastewater systems, and telecom-
munications networks) but also social systems that play a key role in human health, safety, and well‐being
(e.g., government functions, educational programs, parks, and recreation systems). Interdependent infra-
structure systems are susceptible to a wide array of shocks (typically abrupt) and stressors (typically slow,
with cumulative effects). In addition to natural disasters, shocks can also include ...
MARITIME CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION DHS .docx
MARITIME CRITICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
PROTECTION
DHS Needs to Better
Address Port
Cybersecurity
Report to the Chairman, Committee on
Commerce, Science, and
Transportation, U.S. Senate
June 2014
GAO-14-459
United States Government Accountability Office
United States Government Accountability Office
Highlights of GAO-14-459, a report to the
Chairman, Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation, U.S. Senate
June 2014
MARITIME CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
PROTECTION
DHS Needs to Better Address Port Cybersecurity
Why GAO Did This Study
U.S. maritime ports handle more than
$1.3 trillion in cargo annually. The
operations of these ports are
supported by information and
communication systems, which are
susceptible to cyber-related threats.
Failures in these systems could
degrade or interrupt operations at
ports, including the flow of commerce.
Federal agencies—in particular DHS—
and industry stakeholders have
specific roles in protecting maritime
facilities and ports from physical and
cyber threats.
GAO’s objective was to identify the
extent to which DHS and other
stakeholders have taken steps to
address cybersecurity in the maritime
port environment. GAO examined
relevant laws and regulations;
analyzed federal cybersecurity-related
policies and plans; observed
operations at three U.S. ports selected
based on being a high-risk port and a
leader in calls by vessel type, e.g.
container; and interviewed federal and
nonfederal officials.
What GAO Recommends
GAO recommends that DHS direct the
Coast Guard to (1) assess cyber-
related risks, (2) use this assessment
to inform maritime security guidance,
and (3) determine whether the sector
coordinating council should be
reestablished. DHS should also direct
FEMA to (1) develop procedures to
consult DHS cybersecurity experts for
assistance in reviewing grant
proposals and (2) use the results of the
cyber-risk assessment to inform its
grant guidance. DHS concurred with
GAO’s recommendations.
What GAO Found
Actions taken by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and two of its
component agencies, the U.S. Coast Guard and Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA), as well as other federal agencies, to address
cybersecurity in the maritime port environment have been limited.
• While the Coast Guard initiated a number of activities and coordinating
strategies to improve physical security in specific ports, it has not conducted
a risk assessment that fully addresses cyber-related threats, vulnerabilities,
and consequences. Coast Guard officials stated that they intend to conduct
such an assessment in the future, but did not provide details to show how it
would address cybersecurity. Until the Coast Guard completes a thorough
assessment of cyber risks in the maritime environment, the ability of
stakeholders to appropriately plan and allocate resources to protect ports
and other maritime facilities will be lim.
Marriage of Cyber Security with Emergency Management - Congress
Uploaded as a courtesy by:
Dave Sweigert
WELCOME To Introduction to Homeland SecurityCJUS254-1504A-02.docx
WELCOME
To Introduction to Homeland Security
CJUS254-1504A-02
Professor Stephen E. Smith
Discussion Board: Primary Posting Due Wednesday November 4, 2015 by 11:59 PM Central Time.
Review and reflect on the knowledge you have gained from this course. Based on your review and reflection, write at least three paragraphs on the following:
What were the most compelling topics learned in this course?
How did participating in discussions help your understanding of the subject matter? Is anything still unclear that could be clarified?
What approaches could have yielded additional valuable information?
The main post should include at least 1 reference to research sources, and all sources should be cited using APA format.
Introduction To Homeland Security
History
On September 22, 2001 Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge was appointed as the first Director of the Office of Homeland Security in the White House
In June 2002, President George W. Bush proposed to create the new Department of Homeland Security that realigned various government activities into a single department whose primary mission is to protect our homeland
On 25 November 2002 Congress passed The Homeland Security Act (Public Law 107-296) which established a cabinet-level department
Introduction To Homeland Security
National Homeland Security Strategy
Guides, organizes, and unifies our Nation’s homeland security efforts
Prevents and disrupts terrorist attacks
Protect the American People, our critical infrastructure, and key resources
Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur
Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure our long-term success
Introduction To Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security Mission
Build A Resilient Nation
Safeguard and Secure Cyberspace
Strengthen the Security Enterprise
Administer Immigration Laws
Preventing terrorism and enhance security
Secure and Manage Borders
Introduction To Homeland Security
25 Homeland Security Presidential Directives
1. Organizational & Operation of the Homeland
Security Council
2. Combating Terrorism Through Immigration Policies
3. Homeland Security Advisory System
4. National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass
Destruction
5. Management of Domestic Incidents
6. Integration and Use of Screening Information to
Protect Against Terrorism
7. Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization
and Protection
8. National Preparedness
9. Defense of United States Agriculture and Food
10. Biodefense for the 21st Century
11. Comprehensive Terrorist-Related Screening
Procedures
12. Policy for a Common Identification Standard for
Federal Employees and Contractors
13. Maritime Security Policy
14. Domestic Nuclear Detection
15. U.S. Strategy and Policy in the War on Terror
16. National Strategy for Aviation Security
17. Nuclear Materials Information Program
18. Medical Countermeasures Against Weapons of Mass
Destruct.
Cyber security-in-india-present-status
talks about the present status of the cyber security in India. The policy of cyber security is also discussed. the general principles of the cyber security is highlighted.
Legal position of cyber security and instances of breach of information technology code is also discussed.
Governing autonomous vehicles emerging responses for safety liability privacy...
Abstract - The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far, governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws to address liability issues; other countries mostly acknowledge these issues, but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks, although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might be negatively affected.
500 13031111 r1-_gsc_tf_report_on_emergency_communications_v012_rev5
500-13031111R1__GSC_TF_report_on_Emergency_communications_v012_rev5
Please respond to the followingAnalyze ONE of the Neo-Piageti.docx
Please respond to the following:
Analyze ONE of the Neo-Piagetians’ theories of cognitive development
Examine the primary ways in which the chosen theory falls short in addressing adult learners from a different class, ethnicity, gender, and/or social context.
Suggest specific implications of applying the chosen conceptualization within a learning setting comprising adult learners. Justify your response.
.
Please respond to the followingBased on the discussion prepar.docx
Please respond to the following:
Based on the discussion preparation for this week, suggest two biologically rooted approaches that instructors may use in order to facilitate learning of one particular task. Illustrate the process by which embodied learning would foster a deeper learning of the task in question.
.
More Related Content
Similar to 1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words i.docx
ASEAN Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Framework
The main purpose of the study and its point of action is to develop regional critical information infrastructure (CII) resilience practices by identifying CII that have strategic imperatives and developing coordinated approaches for cybersecurity protection. The scope of this project study is based on the ASEAN ICT Masterplan 2020 which aims to strengthen information security and assurance among ASEAN Member States (AMS).
Charless Initial ResponseCharles B. FreitagHelms School o
Charles's Initial Response
Charles B. Freitag
Helms School of Government, Liberty University
Definition of Critical Infrastructure
Critical infrastructure refers to those physical or virtual systems and assets that are so crucial to the United States that their incapacity or destruction would have a crippling effect on national security (Taylor & Swanson, 2019). Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) argue that the threats to America's crucial infrastructure and resources critical infrastructures are vital to a nation's physical and logical life. Furthermore, crucial infrastructure is required for daily public welfare, economic growth, and government activities (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021). Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) add that water supply, healthcare (hospitals, medicines, and vaccines), financial services (banks and insurance), civil administration (government functions and facilities), and transportation systems (road, rail, and air traffic) are all critical infrastructures. Critical infrastructures are interconnected and complex (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021).
Moreover, this means that the operation of one critical infrastructure is dependent on the operation of others (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021). For example, keeping a steady supply of energy is essential for water and telecommunications networks. Osei-Kyei et al. (2021) argue that a single critical infrastructure failure can cause cascading effects on other critical infrastructures, causing regional or national implications. The tight interconnection of vital infrastructures complicates crisis management. Finally, given the intricate interconnection of critical infrastructure networks, governments have increasingly needed to design resilient critical infrastructure systems (Osei-Kyei et al., 2021).
Vulnerabilities of Critical Infrastructure
Baggott and Santos (2020) add that the impact of a cyberattack on the power grid is markedly different from that of a natural disaster. The ramifications could be far worse (Baggott & Santos, 2020). Cyberattacks may have a detrimental effect on the morale of impacted communities and may erode trust in service providers. Baggott and Santos (2020) argue that while natural disasters are incapable of selecting a specific target (i.e., a critical location or node of the network), a cyberattacker can pinpoint a specific node, time, and method of attack using information about the grid's design that is readily available in open source (non-classified) material on the Internet. Hurricane Matthew recently knocked out electricity to an estimated 1.4 million people and killed over 1,000; while Hurricane Matthew was devastating, the repercussions may have been even worse had the storm's timing and direction been altered slightly (Baggott & Santos, 2020).
Taylor and Swanson (2019) argue that the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, underscored the threat and vulnerability of essential infrastructure. Additionally, federal, state, and municipal governments have recognized this vulner ...
Title United States. The National Strategy for Homeland Security .docx
Title: United States. The National Strategy for Homeland Security - Protecting Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets
PROTECTING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AND KEY ASSETS
Terrorists are opportunistic. They exploit vulnerabilities we leave exposed, choosing the time, place, and method of attack according to the weaknesses they observe or perceive. Increasing the security of a particular type of target, such as aircraft or buildings, makes it more likely that terrorists will seek a different target. Increasing the countermeasures to a particular terrorist tactic, such as hijacking, makes it more likely that terrorists will favor a different tactic.
Protecting America's critical infrastructure and key assets is thus a formidable challenge. Our open and technologically complex society presents an almost infinite array of potential targets, and our critical infrastructure changes as rapidly as the marketplace. It is impossible to protect completely all targets, all the time. On the other hand, we can help deter or deflect attacks, or mitigate their effects, by making strategic improvements in protection and security. Thus, while we cannot assume we will prevent all terrorist attacks, we can substantially reduce America's vulnerability, particularly to the most damaging attacks.
All elements of our society have a crucial stake in reducing our vulnerability to terrorism; and all have highly valuable roles to play. Protecting America's critical infrastructure and key assets requires an unprecedented level of cooperation throughout all levels of government-with private industry and institutions, and with the American people. The federal government has the crucial task of fostering a collaborative environment, and enabling all of these entities to work together to provide America the security it requires.
What must we protect? The USA PATRIOT Act defines critical infrastructure as those "systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and assets would have a debilitating impact on security, national economic security, national public health or safety, or any combination of those matters." Our critical infrastructures are particularly important because of the functions or services they provide to our country. Our critical infrastructures are also particularly important because they are complex systems: the effects of a terrorist attack can spread far beyond the direct target, and reverberate long after the immediate damage.
America's critical infrastructure encompasses a large number of sectors. Our agriculture, food, and water sectors, along with the public health and emergency services sectors, provide the essential goods and services Americans need to survive. Our institutions of government guarantee our national security and freedom, and administer key public functions. Our defense industrial base provides essential capabilities to help safeguard ...
Annotated BibliographyThere are 2 .docx
Annotated Bibliography
There are 2 article about immigration and these article must use as a source for this annotated essay. Each paragraph should mention these article for supporting detail in the essay.
1. https://www.usnews.com/opinion/economic-intelligence/articles/2017-07-31/donald-trump-should-realize-the-us-economy-needs-immigrants
2. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/09/trump-clinton-immigration-economy-unemployment-jobs-214216
Topic is “Does immigration beneficial or harmful for the U.S. economy?
It is Annotated Bibliography.
Introduction Paragraph
There must be 3 body paragraph for Essay
First paragraph: Yes, Immigration good for US economy.
Second paragraph: Also there should be Yes, immigration good for US economy BUT……..( this paragraph should explain yes immigration good for US, however there is some problem or some issue about……)
Third paragraph: No, immigration bad for US economy.
Conclusion Paragraph
Almost 800 words with MLA citation.
I need all citation information with their web address too.
I have to explain them, so I will read them.
You have two article and you need to choose at least 3 outside sources for Annotated Essay.
Write a summary and response for each source.
Remember, they should have different answers to your problem.
Provide both a summary of the source and your evaluation
why this is a useful source for your research and how it answers your question.
NORAD-USNORTHCOM
Interagency Coordination
This Briefing is Classified:
UNCLASSIFIED
Mr. Barry Nightingale
Directorate of Interagency
Coordination
UNCLASSIFIED
2
UNCLASSIFIED
What is Interagency Coordination?
• “The Coordination that occurs between agencies of
the US Government, including the Department of
Defense, for the purpose of accomplishing an
objective” - JP 3-08
• Interagency Coordination is integrated throughout
both Commands . . . not a separate function.
• We at N-NC include:
-US Government Agencies
(Dept of Homeland Security, State, Transportation, Health
and Human Services, etc)
-Non-Government Agencies
(Red Cross, Humanitarian Int’l Service Group, etc)
-Private Sector Organizations
(Academic, business, professional)
3
UNCLASSIFIED
N-NC Interagency Coordination Directorate
CMOC
HQS NORAD-USNORTHCOM
Peterson AFB
Cheyenne Mountain
Air Station
N-NC J4
Logistic and
Engineering
N-NC J1
Manpower &
Personnel
N-NC J6
Architectures &
Integration
N-NC J7
Training &
Exercise
N-NC J8
Programs &
Resources
N-NC J2
Intelligence
NC J3
Operations
SJFHQ - North
N J3
Operations
N-NC IC
Interagency
Coordination
NN--NC ICNC IC
Interagency Interagency
Coordination Coordination
N-NC J5
Plans and
Policy
N-NC IC Directorate Mission
Facilitate the integration and synchronization of Interagency activities
to ensure mutual understanding, unity of effort and full spectrum support
to and from NORAD and USNORTHCOM
4
UNCLASSIFIED
Resident and Local
Agency Representati.
Gabriel HarrellExplain the specific security challenges in the P.docx
Gabriel Harrell
Explain the specific security challenges in the Port Maritime Environment, Risk-based Management, Megaports Initiative, and the Secure Freight Initiative.
There are a significant number of parts that make up Port Operations and even more security challenges that these different parts have to try and overcome. The greatest security challenge that is faced by every port is from terrorism. This is the case for the port maritime environment due to there being so many security infrastructure points that can target to include airports, bridges, tunnels, rail systems, inland rivers, industrial parks, world trade centers, shipyards, marinas, and other public port facilities (Christopher, 2014). These different infrastructure points are essential to the continued operations of the entire port maritime environment.
The concern for the security of ports against terrorism is that the same threats that face vulnerable land targets can strike the different infrastructure points that make up the port maritime environment. Just a few of these threats from terrorism on ports would include active shooters, the use of small vessels that are explosive-laden known as Water Borne Improvised Explosive Device, Weapons of Mass Destruction, and an attack that utilizes an aircraft or other vessel similar to the 9/11 attacks (DHS, 2015). This is where Risk Management comes into the picture for each individual port and the different infrastructure points at each individual port.
To utilize Risk Based Management is a daunting task that is an ever changing due to the different threats that arise such as the threat on the cyber security infrastructure of ports. Risk Based Management starts with the port security understanding the risks to port infrastructure that has to be identified, assessed, and managed (Christopher, 2014). Being able to determine these risk and threats and to have planning in place to mitigate their effects is essential in the continued uninterrupted operations of ports. One concept that is utilized to determine risk and to mitigate them is the Megaports Initiative.
One of the most effective security measures against terrorism is having partnerships and active communication between different agencies. The Megaports Initiative is a partnership that is between foreign customs and other law enforcement agencies, port authorities, terminal operators, and other relevant entities in partner countries that help to enhance detection capabilities for special nuclear and radioactive materials that are in cargo containers and traveling in the global maritime shipping network (NNSA, 2010). The initiative also is a partnership between the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the U.S. Department of State to counter nuclear and radiological threats to the United States and its international partners by installing radiation portal monitors (RPMs) to be able to scan containers that are high-risk that a ...
Week 5 – Critical Infrastructure (Local Level)In last week’s les.docx
Week 5 – Critical Infrastructure (Local Level)
In last week’s lesson, we spoke of the nation’s critical infrastructure, concentrating on the various roles and responsibilities of those located at the national level related to these assets. This week, we will direct attention towards the various government entities located at the local level. Rather than repeating any of last week’s lesson here, you are encouraged to review that it as necessary for reference.
When viewing the nation’s critical infrastructure, it is common and understandable for many to view it from solely a national-level perspective. However, much of that infrastructure resides at the state, local, and regional levels, and the risk factors encountered in these geographic regions aid in determining overall national level risk. Therefore, government at these levels cannot be discounted. This is highlighted within NIPP 2013: Partnering for Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, where it emphasizes the fact that local governments are instrumental within the overall critical infrastructure partnership. Concerning their specific roles, this document states “they drive emergency preparedness, as well as local participation in critical infrastructure security and resilience across a variety of jurisdictional partners, including government agencies, owners and operators, and private citizens in the communities that they serve” (DHS, 2013, p. 47).
In this lesson, a brief introduction will be offered regarding each of the 16 critical infrastructure sectors, the risks that each has identified and serve as areas of concern, as well as the role local level of government might play regarding these risks. Obviously, not all of these sectors will be equally relevant to every local jurisdiction, if considered at all. Simply put, they will vary from one local jurisdiction to another, and the manner in which the risks, threats, and consequences related to each are identified, assessed, and dealt with will vary as well.
Chemical Sector
The chemical sector of our economy converts raw materials into tens of thousands of products that are utilized in all facets of our society. Countless facilities located throughout the U.S. not only utilize these products, but also “manufacture, store, transport, or deliver chemicals along a complex, global supply chain” (DHS, 2015a, p. 2). Although the vast majority of these assets are privately owned, those considered to be of greatest risk are regulated in accordance with various standards, those that include, but not limited to, the DHS Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards (CFATS). Currently, the risks considered to be the most significant include insider threats, cyber threats, natural disasters and extreme weather, deliberate attacks and terrorism, as well as biohazards and pandemics. As part of the Chemical Sector Partnership Structure, state, local, tribal, & territorial forms of government and their representatives are part of what is known.
47Critical Infrastructure Protection, Emergency Respon.docx
47
Critical Infrastructure Protection,
Emergency Response,
and Management
Dr. John B. Noftsinger, Jr.
Kenneth F. Newbold, Jr.
Benjamin T. Delp
• Define the term critical infrastructure.
• List and describe the critical infrastructure sectors.
• Describe the current national policy that addresses critical infrastructure.
• List the hazards and threats in the physical and cyber components in America’s infrastructure.
• List and describe the seven cardinal rules of risk communication.
• Describe the roles of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in critical infrastructure protection.
• Discuss the roles of the Homeland Security Operations Center (HSOC).
Objectives
4
57854_CH04_final.indd 4757854_CH04_final.indd 47 1/20/10 10:23:00 AM1/20/10 10:23:00 AM
© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION.
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48 Homeland Security: Principles and Practice of Terrorism Response
Introduction
Critical infrastructure protection is a vital component
to ensuring effective and efficient emergency manage-
ment practice. This chapter will explore infrastructure
systems, how they are interconnected, and how these
systems relate to emergency management. It is necessary
to assess and identify civilian infrastructures that support
communication, health, transportation, and other vital
operations, which are susceptible to natural disasters,
human error, and the direct target of malicious activi-
ties including terrorism and sabotage. Included in this
discussion will be an examination of the cyber, physical,
and human aspects of critical infrastructure systems with
a specific focus on emergency management practices.
Critical infrastructure systems include not just hardware
and software, but the people and institutions responsible
for their existence, operation, and safety.
Defining Critical Infrastructure Protection
Critical infrastructure systems have become increasingly
complex and reliant on computer-based automated sys-
tems to provide the continuous operation of our critical
systems. In this chapter, we will address technological
and emergency management issues that affect cyber,
physical, and human infrastructures.
As defined in the USA PATRIOT Act and the
National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP), critical
infrastructures are “systems and assets, whether physical
or virtual, so vital to the United States that the incapacity
or destruction of such systems and assets would have a
debilitating impact on security, national economic secu-
rity, national public health or safety, or any combination
of those matters.”
The NIPP goes on to define key resources and key
assets. Critical infrastructure is “systems and assets,
whether physical or virtual, so vital that the incapacity
or destruction of such may have a debilitating impact
on the security, economy, public health or safety, envi-
ronment, or any combination of these matters, across
an ...
From Awareness to Action Accounting for InfrastructureInter
From Awareness to Action: Accounting for Infrastructure
Interdependencies in Disaster Response and
Recovery Planning
Anu Narayanan1 , Melissa Finucane1, Joie Acosta1, and Amanda Wicker1
1RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
Abstract This paper highlights challenges and open questions pertaining to physical and social
infrastructure system interdependencies and their implications for disaster response, recovery, and
resilience planning efforts. We describe the importance of understanding interdependencies in disaster
contexts and highlight limitations to existing approaches. Suggestions for understanding and addressing
interdependencies focus on increasing availability of tools for assessing interdependencies and increasing
stakeholder and decisionmaker uptake of infrastructure interdependency‐related information in planning
efforts.
Plain Language Summary Interdependent physical and social systems offer enormous benefits
for daily life because they produce and distribute essential goods and services that are necessary for health,
safety, and economic well‐being. For instance, the power grid is required for effective functioning of
information systems and cell phones, which underpin effective functioning of hospitals, water and sewer
systems, traffic lights, and home appliances. In return, communications and information technology is
required for effective functioning of the power grid, especially to meet the concurrent demands for reliable
energy supply, protection, and automation. In this paper, we describe how failure in interdependent
systems can be catastrophic and lead to death and prolonged human suffering. We examine difficulties in
linking failures in interdependent systems to measurable social impacts including: limited availability of
data and models, disciplinary silos that might stand in the way of different stakeholders, practitioners, and
experts working together on this inherently cross‐disciplinary problem, and diversity in infrastructure
systems, disruptive events, and communities. We suggest that awareness of the vulnerabilities in
interdependent infrastructure systems needs to be coupled with coordinated action and collaboration among
government agencies, communities, and industries.
1. Introduction
Some of the worst disasters in recent memory are the outcomes of low‐probability, high‐consequence events
that have brought with them failures of interdependent infrastructure systems (Alexander, 2018). By “infra-
structure,” we mean not just physical assets (e.g., the power grid, water and wastewater systems, and telecom-
munications networks) but also social systems that play a key role in human health, safety, and well‐being
(e.g., government functions, educational programs, parks, and recreation systems). Interdependent infra-
structure systems are susceptible to a wide array of shocks (typically abrupt) and stressors (typically slow,
with cumulative effects). In addition to natural disasters, shocks can also include ...
MARITIME CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION DHS .docx
MARITIME CRITICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE
PROTECTION
DHS Needs to Better
Address Port
Cybersecurity
Report to the Chairman, Committee on
Commerce, Science, and
Transportation, U.S. Senate
June 2014
GAO-14-459
United States Government Accountability Office
United States Government Accountability Office
Highlights of GAO-14-459, a report to the
Chairman, Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation, U.S. Senate
June 2014
MARITIME CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
PROTECTION
DHS Needs to Better Address Port Cybersecurity
Why GAO Did This Study
U.S. maritime ports handle more than
$1.3 trillion in cargo annually. The
operations of these ports are
supported by information and
communication systems, which are
susceptible to cyber-related threats.
Failures in these systems could
degrade or interrupt operations at
ports, including the flow of commerce.
Federal agencies—in particular DHS—
and industry stakeholders have
specific roles in protecting maritime
facilities and ports from physical and
cyber threats.
GAO’s objective was to identify the
extent to which DHS and other
stakeholders have taken steps to
address cybersecurity in the maritime
port environment. GAO examined
relevant laws and regulations;
analyzed federal cybersecurity-related
policies and plans; observed
operations at three U.S. ports selected
based on being a high-risk port and a
leader in calls by vessel type, e.g.
container; and interviewed federal and
nonfederal officials.
What GAO Recommends
GAO recommends that DHS direct the
Coast Guard to (1) assess cyber-
related risks, (2) use this assessment
to inform maritime security guidance,
and (3) determine whether the sector
coordinating council should be
reestablished. DHS should also direct
FEMA to (1) develop procedures to
consult DHS cybersecurity experts for
assistance in reviewing grant
proposals and (2) use the results of the
cyber-risk assessment to inform its
grant guidance. DHS concurred with
GAO’s recommendations.
What GAO Found
Actions taken by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and two of its
component agencies, the U.S. Coast Guard and Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA), as well as other federal agencies, to address
cybersecurity in the maritime port environment have been limited.
• While the Coast Guard initiated a number of activities and coordinating
strategies to improve physical security in specific ports, it has not conducted
a risk assessment that fully addresses cyber-related threats, vulnerabilities,
and consequences. Coast Guard officials stated that they intend to conduct
such an assessment in the future, but did not provide details to show how it
would address cybersecurity. Until the Coast Guard completes a thorough
assessment of cyber risks in the maritime environment, the ability of
stakeholders to appropriately plan and allocate resources to protect ports
and other maritime facilities will be lim.
Marriage of Cyber Security with Emergency Management - Congress
Uploaded as a courtesy by:
Dave Sweigert
WELCOME To Introduction to Homeland SecurityCJUS254-1504A-02.docx
WELCOME
To Introduction to Homeland Security
CJUS254-1504A-02
Professor Stephen E. Smith
Discussion Board: Primary Posting Due Wednesday November 4, 2015 by 11:59 PM Central Time.
Review and reflect on the knowledge you have gained from this course. Based on your review and reflection, write at least three paragraphs on the following:
What were the most compelling topics learned in this course?
How did participating in discussions help your understanding of the subject matter? Is anything still unclear that could be clarified?
What approaches could have yielded additional valuable information?
The main post should include at least 1 reference to research sources, and all sources should be cited using APA format.
Introduction To Homeland Security
History
On September 22, 2001 Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge was appointed as the first Director of the Office of Homeland Security in the White House
In June 2002, President George W. Bush proposed to create the new Department of Homeland Security that realigned various government activities into a single department whose primary mission is to protect our homeland
On 25 November 2002 Congress passed The Homeland Security Act (Public Law 107-296) which established a cabinet-level department
Introduction To Homeland Security
National Homeland Security Strategy
Guides, organizes, and unifies our Nation’s homeland security efforts
Prevents and disrupts terrorist attacks
Protect the American People, our critical infrastructure, and key resources
Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur
Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure our long-term success
Introduction To Homeland Security
Department of Homeland Security Mission
Build A Resilient Nation
Safeguard and Secure Cyberspace
Strengthen the Security Enterprise
Administer Immigration Laws
Preventing terrorism and enhance security
Secure and Manage Borders
Introduction To Homeland Security
25 Homeland Security Presidential Directives
1. Organizational & Operation of the Homeland
Security Council
2. Combating Terrorism Through Immigration Policies
3. Homeland Security Advisory System
4. National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass
Destruction
5. Management of Domestic Incidents
6. Integration and Use of Screening Information to
Protect Against Terrorism
7. Critical Infrastructure Identification, Prioritization
and Protection
8. National Preparedness
9. Defense of United States Agriculture and Food
10. Biodefense for the 21st Century
11. Comprehensive Terrorist-Related Screening
Procedures
12. Policy for a Common Identification Standard for
Federal Employees and Contractors
13. Maritime Security Policy
14. Domestic Nuclear Detection
15. U.S. Strategy and Policy in the War on Terror
16. National Strategy for Aviation Security
17. Nuclear Materials Information Program
18. Medical Countermeasures Against Weapons of Mass
Destruct.
Cyber security-in-india-present-status
talks about the present status of the cyber security in India. The policy of cyber security is also discussed. the general principles of the cyber security is highlighted.
Legal position of cyber security and instances of breach of information technology code is also discussed.
Governing autonomous vehicles emerging responses for safety liability privacy...
Abstract - The benefits of autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely acknowledged, but there are concerns about the extent of these benefits and AV risks and unintended consequences. In this article, we first examine AVs and different categories of the technological risks associated with them. We then explore strategies that can be adopted to address these risks, and explore emerging responses by governments for addressing AV risks. Our analyses reveal that, thus far, governments have in most instances avoided stringent measures in order to promote AV developments and the majority of responses are non-binding and focus on creating councils or working groups to better explore AV implications. The US has been active in introducing legislations to address issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. The UK and Germany, in particular, have enacted laws to address liability issues; other countries mostly acknowledge these issues, but have yet to implement specific strategies. To address privacy and cybersecurity risks strategies ranging from introduction or amendment of non-AV specific legislation to creating working groups have been adopted. Much less attention has been paid to issues such as environmental and employment risks, although a few governments have begun programmes to retrain workers who might be negatively affected.
500 13031111 r1-_gsc_tf_report_on_emergency_communications_v012_rev5
500-13031111R1__GSC_TF_report_on_Emergency_communications_v012_rev5
Similar to 1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words i.docx (20)
ASEAN Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Framework
ASEAN Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Framework
Charless Initial ResponseCharles B. FreitagHelms School o
Charless Initial ResponseCharles B. FreitagHelms School o
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Title United States. The National Strategy for Homeland Security .docx
Marriage of Cyber Security with Emergency Management
Marriage of Cyber Security with Emergency Management
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Week 5 – Critical Infrastructure (Local Level)In last week’s les.docx
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47Critical Infrastructure Protection, Emergency Respon.docx
From Awareness to Action Accounting for InfrastructureInter
From Awareness to Action Accounting for InfrastructureInter
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MARITIME CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION DHS .docx
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Marriage of Cyber Security with Emergency Management - Congress
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WELCOME To Introduction to Homeland SecurityCJUS254-1504A-02.docx
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Governing autonomous vehicles emerging responses for safety liability privacy...
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Please respond to the followingAnalyze ONE of the Neo-Piageti.docx
Please respond to the following:
Analyze ONE of the Neo-Piagetians’ theories of cognitive development
Examine the primary ways in which the chosen theory falls short in addressing adult learners from a different class, ethnicity, gender, and/or social context.
Suggest specific implications of applying the chosen conceptualization within a learning setting comprising adult learners. Justify your response.
.
Please respond to the followingBased on the discussion prepar.docx
Please respond to the following:
Based on the discussion preparation for this week, suggest two biologically rooted approaches that instructors may use in order to facilitate learning of one particular task. Illustrate the process by which embodied learning would foster a deeper learning of the task in question.
.
Please respond to the following in an approx. 5-6 page paper, double.docx
Please respond to the following in an approx. 5-6 page paper, double-spaced, 12 point font:
Considering everything we have learned to date about Palestine: the history of the region, the contemporary events leading to the establishment of Israel, and the different factions involved, was the failure to find a sustainable solution for all sides inevitable? Why or why not?
Your essay must have a clear thesis, and be supported by specific examples from the material we have covered (lecture, text, etc.). You must also draw on some of the primary sources (documents), in order to support your position.
I will be sending you my id and password for all the presentation lectures.
.
Please respond to the followingImagine you have recently .docx
Please respond to the following:
Imagine you have recently been hired to be the Chief Learning Officer (CLO) for a corporation and have been tasked to establish a corporate university.
Discuss the various types of training media you would use to educate your corporate students and how these media would be put to use.
Make sure to include a rationale and at least one citation from your reading.
.
Please respond to one (1) the followingRead the article e.docx
Please respond to
one (1)
the following:
Read the article entitled
“Leadership Excellence: Communicate Your Vision”
. Next, assess the consequences of leaders not being able to communicate their change vision. Discuss the outcomes of a change management plan with an under-communicated vision of change. Develop a strategy for avoiding under-communicating the change vision.
View the video titled “John Kotter – Communicating a Vision for Change” (4 min 16 s) below. You may also view the video at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGVe3wRKmH0
. Next, assess the means of communication that are available to us as leaders. Review Kotter’s comments regarding communication, and efficient and effective communications. As the leader of a large organization implementing a change, develop a strategy for communicating your vision of change. Discuss the tools that the organization would use as well as the frequency of communication.
.
Please respond to the followingResearch on the Internet a rec.docx
Please respond to the following:
Research on the Internet a recent public relations campaign that was undertaken to address a corporate scandal or misbehavior by a government official or celebrity, and study what part ethics played in the campaign, whether positively or negatively. Communications professor John Marston proposed a four-step model of the process through which public relations can influence public opinion. These steps include research, action, communication, and evaluation. Explain in detail how Marston’s four-step approach can be used to shape public opinion on the story you researched.
Research on the Internet a celebrity who has generated negative publicity in recent years for his/her sponsoring company. Businesses choose celebrities to endorse their products for a variety of reasons. Unfortunately, some of these celebrities act in ways that generate a lot of negative publicity for themselves and, by extension, for the sponsors who pay them. In the case of the celebrity you researched, explain in detail what actions you would take in this situation and why you would take them.
.
Please respond to Question One (bolded) and one additional ess.docx
Please respond to
Question One
(bolded) and
one additional essay
question under
Question Two
of your choice. Please provide a complete essay response for both questions. Each response should be at least two pages (double- spaced, 12 pitch, Times New Roman). One reference page should accompany your work in APA format. Please place your name on each page. No late work will be accepted.
Question One:
As a student researcher, please introduce one theorist from the list below and describe what major components he or she has offered to those attempting to understand the development of children and/or families? Please include a photo of the selected theorist and critique his or her theory. For example, please discuss the strengths
and limitations of the individual’s theory.
Albert Bandura
David Liu
Erik Erikson
Harriette Pipes McAdoo
Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
Lev Vygotsky
Question Two: (Choose One Question To Answer Below)
•
Linda Espinosa
•
Maria Montessori
•
Robert Coles
•
Sigmund Freud
•
Terry Cross
•
Urie Bronfenbrenner
What happens to children who experience consistent and high levels of stress and Cortisol? https://www.medstargeorgetown.org/ourservices/psychiatry/treatments/child-and-adolescent- psychiatryprogram/
How can parents work to protect children from Contaminants at School? http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/translational/peph/podc asts/school/index.cfm
Many children love being in or around water, whether it’s a backyard pool or a local beach. But without proper safety measures, water can be dangerous for young children. Please identify one academic journal article related to water safety? How can parents make water safety a priority? Please review this site: https://www.redcross.org/gethelp/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/watersafety.html
How could the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, also known as the WIC program, assist a single parent with limited income? What foods are eligible under this program?
hat steps can parents take to keep their children healthy?
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life- coping/children.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019- ncov%2Fprepare%2Fchildren.html
According to the NIEHS and EPA how can parents help prevent lead poisoning in children and youth? What is your state or local area doing to help eradicate lead poisoning?
*Student should utilize the referenced links above as well as other scholarly documents to develop their responses.
*Students must include a reference page for each question in APA format.
Important: Work submitted without a reference page
will not
be graded.
.
Please respond to the following in a substantive post (3–4 paragraph.docx
Please respond to the following in a substantive post (3–4 paragraphs):
Explain the primary reasons project management causes a cultural change.
Describe the impact of that cultural change on integrative information technology.
Provide at least one example of a cultural change that project management can cause.
Be sure to provide full citations and references
.
Please respond to the followingDebate if failing to reje.docx
Please respond to the following:
Debate if “failing to reject the null” is the same as “accepting the null.” Support your position with examples of acceptance or rejection of the null.
Be sure to respond to at least one of your classmates’ posts.
Click here to watch the video
Reply Quote
.
Please respond to the followingCharts and graphs are used.docx
Please respond to the following:
Charts and graphs are used quite often in newspapers, magazines, books, and various online articles. There are pros and cons to using these types of visual representations.
Describe one pro and one con for using a graph or chart. Share an example of a time when this type of visual changed your mind about something or gave you a deeper understanding of a topic or current event.
.
Please respond to the followingAppraise the different approac.docx
Please respond to the following:
Appraise the different approaches (e.g., biological, psychological, sociocultural, etc.) that may influence the myriad of methods by which adults construct learning. Suggest key instructional strategies that you might use that favor an integrated approach to teaching within a diverse learning context. Provide examples of such strategies in use in order to support your response.
.
Please respond to the following discussion with a well thought out r.docx
Please respond to the following discussion with a well thought out response with relating to at least one source (cite using APA). Post your main post within midnight Thursday.
How could you use milestones and/or Earned Value Management as a measure of success in a project?
What limitation does just offering milestones provide as a means of project reporting?
Define some best practices with monitoring project quality.
Choose at least one quality tool and explain how it may be used in a project.
.
Please respond to each classmate if there is a need for it and als.docx
Please respond to each classmate if there is a need for it and also any suggestion and comment that u may think are need it in order to correct the rough draft for the final use it
1)Hey---------, I like your introduction, your thesis is clear and it is in the last sentence of the intro. I think that the big theme of this story is to hold on to our traditional ancestral values, or at least respect these values because they are important and we clearly see it in the story. I would suggest to watch out for spelling errors and to work a little more on your conclusion, I would recommend giving more summary and more details in explaining your thesis.
2) hello -----,
I like your explination and view of this short story. Other then giving a little more detail from the story I think you did great. What made you choose this story to write about?
After reading you paper what made you choice this story? I like how you talk about the story and how you break everything down. I know you wanted to keep everything original I believe you could have adding just a little more to your paper. I can completely understand how writing papers can be hard keep up the amazing work.
3)Hi, -----------
I also had chosen the same story to write about. I thought you had done a good job. I know its hard to think of so many words, about the the same thing. But my understanding is we werent allowed to use out side sources. We were only allowed to use our book. May be I misunderstood, which is very possible. Did you agree with the villagers for destroying the school, because their path was blocked off?
Running head: FICTION ANALYSIS: DEAD MEN’S PATH 1
FICTION ANALYSIS: DEAD MEN’S PATH 4
Fiction Analysis:Dead Men's Path
Estrella Gonzalez
South University
ENG1300 SU01 Composition III/Literature
Joseph Walker
Fiction Analysis:Dead Men's Path Comment by Joseph: Start actual paper at the top of a new page.
Dead Men's Path by China Achebe delves into the implications of making choices. Achebe uses symbolism to bring home his views on the repercussions that choices people make can have on their lives. Achebe presents a society that is torn apart in two divides: between the tradition on one hand and modernity on the other hand. The society is not willing to welcome the new progressive thoughts that have been brought by the missionaries(Achebe, 2009). Through the use of symbolism, Achebe makes a cataclysmic flowing story that has much deeper imnsights than the superficial representations in words. What are some of the dangers of disregarding the opinions that is supported by majority in the society? Achebe’s Dead Men's Path answers this question using symbolic presentations. Comment by Joseph: Set off titles. Comment by Joseph: Be careful of the spelling of names. Comment by Joseph: You don’t need a citation for simple plot summary. Comment by J.
please respond to both discussion in your own words in citation plea.docx
please respond to both discussion in your own words in citation please need it in your own words
1.The Florida bog frog could be a small and uncommon land and water proficient. This species features a yellowish-brown upper body, a yellow stomach, brown eardrum, yellow throat, a contract ridge that runs along the side down the back, and littler webbed feet with bigger toes . There's restricted data accessible approximately the reproduction of the Florida bog frog. Florida bog frogs breed between the months of April and August. Amid the breeding season, marsh frogs will let out boisterous “chucks” to pull in a mate.Florida bog frogs occupy numerous regions including shallow, acidic spring leaks; boggy floods of streams; .The most risk to the Florida marsh frog is the degradation of its habitat. Bog frogs flourish best in early succession vegetation.
2.The Florida mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the genus Podomys, which is the single mammal genus endemic to Florida. I like this mouse because it reminds me of Mickey Mouse created by Walt Disney, and redirect me to its amusement parks in Orlando, Florida. This mouse also caught my attention because it looks so funny and different from the rest of the mice. The Florida mouse is found only in a limited area in central peninsular Florida and one small area in the Florida panhandle. The mouse inhabits some of Florida's hottest and driest regions in the high pinelands, sandhills, flatlands, and coastal scrub. They average between 5 to 8 inches long, and their tails are between 2 to 3.5 inches long, weighing between 1/2 ounce to 1 ounce. The Florida mouse has soft silky fur that is brown or brownish-orange in color. Its underparts are white. Their ears are large and furless. Their tails are long, and their back paws are large and have 5 pads. Their teeth are sharp, and they use them for gnawing.
The Florida mouse is nocturnal and is active throughout the year except on unusually cold nights. The mouse can climb but is primarily a terrestrial species. They communicate by emitting high pitched squeals, and when they are excited, they thump the ground with their front paws producing a drumming sound. The Florida mouse also has a distinctive odor, almost like a skunk. A baby of a Florida mouse is called a pinkie, kitten, or pup. The females are called doe and males buck. A Florida mouse group is called a nest, colony, harvest, horde, or mischief.
The Florida mouse is an omnivore, and its diet consists of acorns when available, insects, seeds, nuts, fungi, crickets, ticks, fruit, berries, and other plant material and vertebrates. A 1987 report indicates the mouse feeds on engorged ticks (
Ornithodorus turicata americanus
) that parasitize gopher frogs (
Rana areolata
) and gopher tortoises.
According to the official State of Florida's Endangered and Threatened Species List of wildlife, the Florida mouse is considered as State Species of Special Conce.
please respond In your own words not citations1. The Miami blu.docx
please respond In your own words not citations
1. The Miami blue butterfly may be a little butterfly .The Miami blue butterfly can be found in tropical pine rock-lands, and beach side in Florida. The Miami blue was thought extinct until it was rediscovered in 1999 . In spite of many changes the Bahia Honda populace held on until 2010, when it vanished, maybe due to a combination of dry spell, cold temperatures, and being eaten by non-native green iguanas. They was rediscovered in Key West National Natural life Asylum in 2006. The are one of Florida most endangered species. I love butterflies because they're colorful with wings of distinctive patterns. I love how they change from caterpillars to cocoons to butterflies. Its so relate able to life , always changing and evolving . Its astonishing that the butterfly emerges from the unpleasant small caterpillar and shapes a cocoon and after that rises as a butterfly
2.Six families of dragonflies exist in Florida with most found near ponds and other freshwater sources. Dragonflies feature large eyes that make up most of their head and a muscular body that helps the insects use their large wings to fly. Sometimes you'll see dragonflies hovering near blacktop parking lots, but for the most part, the insects stay near water except when they look for a mate. They then return to the water to breed and deposit eggs.
Adult dragonflies will eat any insect as long as they can catch it. Dragonfly nymphs live in the water, and they usually wait on aquatic vegetation.
From the nymph stage to the adult stage, the dragonfly has a significant, positive ecological impact. Dragonfly eggs are laid and hatched in or near water, so their lives impact both water and land ecosystems. Once hatched, dragonfly nymphs can breathe underwater, and they use a motion similar to jet propulsion to move through their environment. This enables them to eat harmful aquatic organisms such as mosquito larvae. The nymph will continue contributing to this ecosystem for one to five years before becoming a mature adult. The adult dragonfly has enormous compound eyes that are useful in searching for flying insects. While flying, it uses its six legs to scoop food out of the air. Clasping the prey in its front legs, it then eats the insect in flight.
Dragonflies play ecological roles not only as predators but also as prey of birds, frogs, and other creatures. The presence of dragonflies indicates freshwater. One of the most useful dragonfly facts is that they reside low in the food chain, so a scientific study of their numbers and their health can reveal changes in water ecosystems more quickly than studying other animals or plants. Some national parks are beginning to use this species to survey and document the health of the park's water ecosystems. Since dragonflies eat mosquitoes and other insects, they help gardeners and outdoor enthusiasts. This also helps the environment because it allows humans to reduce the u.
Please respond in 300 words the followingWe see SWOT present.docx
Please respond in 300 words the following
We see SWOT presented in a 4 block matrix:
Internal: S/W
External: O/Th
Choose a department in a hospital, such as labor and delivery, and provide an analysis that involves both internal and external matrices.
Use an outside resource for your initial post. Seek information through healthcare news articles and journals. Write in third person and do not use “I think or in my opinion”. Keep your information factual and follow APA standards on referencing
.
Please respond to the followingReflect on the usefulness .docx
Please respond to the following:
Reflect on the usefulness of a portfolio to provide evidence of accomplishments to pursue career goals.
Determine if this approach may be more effective than others.
Make sure to include a rationale and at least one citation from your reading.
.
Please respond to the followingLeadership talent is an or.docx
Please respond to the following:
Leadership talent is an organization-wide goal. Discuss how the responsibilities of the development of leadership talent should be partitioned among Human Resources staff and line managers. Be sure to address both the identification and development of future leadership.
.
Please respond to the followingHealth care faces critic.docx
Please respond to the following:
Health care faces critical staffing shortages. Imagine you are part of the executive management team researching health care shortages.
Outline some of the staffing shortages in the market where you live. Are they consistent with national trends?
Design a strategy that describes how your organization would alleviate some staffing shortages, including whether you would hire licensed practical nurses instead of registered nurses. Include concepts from readings throughout your program or from peer-reviewed journal articles.
.
Please respond to the followingMNCs, IOs, NGOs, and the E.docx
Please respond to the following:
MNCs, IOs, NGOs, and the European Union are nonstate actors in the role of pushing foreign policy to combat terrorism. Discuss 1 or 2 ways in which the national strategy influences any of these nonstate actors.
Analyze the benefits or disadvantages for the United States with regard to the agency's position on foreign aid. Provide 1 or 2 examples to support your response.
.
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
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Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words i.docx
- 1. 1) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words include direct discussion of the main points, answers, and question. Include at least 2 APA-cited references. According to “Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21) Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience”, there are 16 critical infrastructure sectors that are considered critical to the safety, security and success of the United States. Each of these sixteen sectors has a designated lead agency, which is in charge of safeguarding their assigned sector. As part of these responsibilities, the agency in charge of each sector creates a plan that incorporates the National Infrastructure Protection Plan’s risk management framework in order to safeguard these vital areas. There are numerous sectors that cover everything from nuclear power plants, to money to agriculture. We will discuss three of these sectors in more detail (DHS, 2017). The first sector includes Water and Wastewater systems and is focused on safe drinking water and the proper treatment of our wastewater. Water is critical to any civilization and the safeguarding and oversight of this resource is critical to our public health. The lead agency for this sector is the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). While the EPA most definitely plays a role in safeguarding our drinking and Waste Water, there are a number of other agencies that could be involved in this sector including the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). Since the mission of DHHS is directly tied to enhancing and protecting the health and well being of all Americans, I can see the large role they could potentially play in this sector. While the EPA may be better suited to deal with some of the environmental factors associated with this sector, I feel that the DHHS may be better suited to protect the public health and prevent disease.
- 2. The Nuclear Reactors, Materials, and Waste sector is overseen by the Department of Homeland Security and is focused on maintaining the security of the nation’s nuclear assets. This sector includes oversight of more than 150 nuclear facilities, radioactive materials used in medical, commercial, and academic areas as well as shipments of nuclear waste. I think the Department of Homeland Security is the best choice to lead this sector but I also feel that the Department of Energy should also be involved in oversight of this sector since they are the primary agency physically protecting most of the nuclear sites in the U.S. and are responsible for many of the individual nuclear sites. The Department of Energy is the lead agency for the Energy sector and their expertise could be leveraged to better implement risk management initiatives and increase the resilience of the nuclear infrastructure (DOE, 2017). The third sector is the Information Technology sector which has become increasingly critical to the overall security and prosperity of the United States over the last fifteen to twenty years. This sector is so vital because information technology is used in every other sector and therefore requires maximum protection. However, the ever changing nature of the threats facing this sector make it difficult to prevent all attacks, even with a well-coordinated risk management plan in place. Currently, the Department of Homeland Security is the lead agency for this sector and to their credit they have implemented many programs to strengthen this sector since the release of the 2013 National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP). The NIPP is obviously focused on protecting critical infrastructure but more specifically; it lays out how government and private sector entities should work together to achieve this goal. The steps that the Department of Homeland Security has taken have been positive but due to the significance of information technology and the multiple vulnerabilities it contains, I think this sector should be co-lead by the Department of Defense. The Department of Defense’s robust capabilities and focus on
- 3. cyberspace makes them uniquely suited to be involved in this endeavor. While the Department of Defense is the lead agency for the Defense Industrial sector, the large amount of cyber attacks and intrusions aimed at the United States’ critical infrastructure, many of which originate from foreign military cyber units, make their involvement relevant and necessary (DHS, 2013). 2) Responded to message below. Should be at minimum of 250 words include direct discussion of the main points, answers, and question. Include at least 2 APA-cited references. The United States government as defined the term critical infrastructure as a network of independent, man-made systems that are provided by both private and public sectors. These infrastructures produce and distribute good and services are essential to the national security, economic prosperity, and quality of life to all citizens of the United States. There are eight critical infrastructures that the United States and other nations rely on for day to day operations: transportation, oil and gas production and storage, water supply, emergency services, government services, banking and finance, electrical power, and telecommunications. <w:sdt> (Marsh, 1997) Transportation sector is governed and regulated by the U.S Department of Transportation (DOT). The three modes of transportation that are used are vehicles operated on land, aircraft and airplanes, and ships and boats. The DOT is overall responsible for all means use to transport of all raw material, manufactured goods, food, and consumable supplies meant that is imported and exported within the United States. In 1995 it contributed to $777 billion of dollars or 11 percent of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GPD) for the nation’s economy. The
- 4. agencies that assist the DOT with this responsible are the Office of the Secretary of Transportation (OST), the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the Federal Transit Administration (FTA), the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), the United States Coast Guard (USCG), the Maritime Administration (MARAD), and the Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA) <w:sdt> (Marsh, 1997). provides security and operations at 328 ports of entry throughout the country. This agency controls the flow of people, raw material, and goods that enter that enter the United States from all land entry points, seaports, and airports. They help control the flow of illegal drugs, firearms, and other contrabands from entering the United States. The agencies that I believe should be involved with the Department of Transportation are the U.S. the Custom and Border Protection (CBP). This agency <w:sdt>(U.S. Border and Custom Protection, 2017) The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for protecting the United States’ water supply. The EPA ensure the quality of water is safe for plants, animals, and human consummation from highly toxic chemical and biological agents and free of water contamination by using technology to detecting, identifying, measuring the parts per million (ppm) in the water source, and treating the water supply from reservoirs, water holding facilities, aqueducts, and other transport systems. Private and Public Research and Development (R&D) assist the EPA with researching and developing technologies and products that increase the efficiency and methods used to protect the United States water supply from being contaminated. <w:sdt> (Marsh, 1997) Today advancements in telecommunications has increased the speed, efficiency and effectiveness of information and
- 5. networking being shared through computers and other digital communications, Networking has allowed electronic transfer of funds, the distribution of electrical power, and the control of gas and oil pipeline systems. The agencies that assist the DOD and DOC with this responsible are the Federal Communication Commission (FCC), all the military branches of the DOD, private and public agencies that develops software, computer programs, and train Information Technology (IT) operators to protect out telecommunications from cyber attacks. The telecommunications infrastructure is used to send information through many outlets by using the Public Telecommunications Network (PTN), the Internet, for personal, commercial, academic, and government use. The Department of Defense (DOD) & Department of Commerce (DOC) are the United States government departments that are responsible for protecting the telecommunication sector. <w:sdt>(Marsh, 1997) Number of Pages: 2 Pages