1 | Page Alarm Clock Design Using PIC18F45 ELEC 310 Submitted by: Maria AlKadhem Contents Detailed Specification: 2 Input: 2 LCD display: 2 Microcontroller: 4 Clocking Choice 5 Working theory: 5 Pin out of the device: 6 LCD interfacing: 6 Final comments: 7 Introduction: The major purpose of the project is to get familiar with the PIC18FXX series microcontrollers. We are ought to design an alarm clock which will be able to display the time on an LCD as well as we can give input through the dip switches. The dip switches will be able to increment the hours and minutes. We will go through the detailed design a bit later in the document. In order to implement the alarm clock we had to make external circuitry as well which was necessary for the following functions. · Input · Buzzer · Display at LCD. The pith of the alarm clock is to run the clock of MCU in counter mode. When the counter is set the MCU starts counting till the number and then when the threshold is generated the output signal is used to start a buzzer. At the same time there is an LCD used in the circuit which will be responsible for displaying the three things. · Current time. · Alarm time · Remaining time. For setting the alarm there are two DIP switches. One for adjusting the hours and other is used for adjusting the minutes. For clearing the alarm we simply will be pressing both at a time. The corresponding ports of the MCU will be used in the INPUT mode.Detailed Specification: Let’s discuss the detailed specifications of this device.Input: The input of the alarm clock consists of two DIP switches. One switch will be used for adjusting the hours. The second switch will be used for the adjustment of the minutes. Each time a button is at high logic there will be an increase in the corresponding variable of alarm. When both of the buttons are pressed there will be a reset of clock making the value to 0.0. It will be the off state of the clock as well.LCD display: We are using a 16x 2 display screen which is of 16 pin. The device is TRULY LCD MODULE MTC-C162DPRN-2N. It is capable of displaying 16 characters in 2 lines at a time. Making overall 32 characters. The pin Details are given below for the LCD module. Pin NO. Symbol Level Description 1 VSS 0V Ground 2 VDD 5.0V Supply voltage for logic 3 VO --- Input voltage for LCD 4 RS H/L H : Data, L : Instruction code 5 R/W H/L H : Read mode, L : Write mode 6 E H, H →L Chip enable signal 7 DB0 H/L Data bit 0 8 DB1 H/L Data bit 1 9 DB2 H/L Data bit 2 10 DB3 H/L Data bit 3 11 DB4 H/L Data bit 4 12 DB5 H/L Data bit 5 13 DB6 H/L Data bit 6 14 DB7 H/L Data bit 7 15 NC --- No Connection 16 NC --- No Connection The VSS is kept at ground. Last 2 pins are not included in the design they are not used at all. Microcontroller: The selected microcontroller is PIC18F452 because of the following reasons. This powerful 10 MIPS (100 nanosecond instruction execution) yet easy-to-program (only 77 single word instructio ...

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Alarm Clock Design Using PIC18F45
ELEC 310
Submitted by: Maria AlKadhem
Contents
Detailed Specification: 2
Input: 2
LCD display: 2

2. Microcontroller: 4
Clocking Choice 5
Working theory: 5
Pin out of the device: 6
LCD interfacing: 6
Final comments: 7
Introduction:
The major purpose of the project is to get familiar with the
PIC18FXX series microcontrollers. We are ought to design an
alarm clock which will be able to display the time on an LCD as
well as we can give input through the dip switches. The dip
switches will be able to increment the hours and minutes. We
will go through the detailed design a bit later in the document.
In order to implement the alarm clock we had to make external
circuitry as well which was necessary for the following
functions.
· Input
· Buzzer
· Display at LCD.
The pith of the alarm clock is to run the clock of MCU in
counter mode. When the counter is set the MCU starts counting
till the number and then when the threshold is generated the
output signal is used to start a buzzer. At the same time there is
an LCD used in the circuit which will be responsible for
displaying the three things.
· Current time.
· Alarm time
· Remaining time.
For setting the alarm there are two DIP switches. One for
adjusting the hours and other is used for adjusting the minutes.
For clearing the alarm we simply will be pressing both at a
time. The corresponding ports of the MCU will be used in the
INPUT mode.Detailed Specification:
Let’s discuss the detailed specifications of this device.Input:

3. The input of the alarm clock consists of two DIP switches. One
switch will be used for adjusting the hours. The second switch
will be used for the adjustment of the minutes.
Each time a button is at high logic there will be an increase in
the corresponding variable of alarm.
When both of the buttons are pressed there will be a reset of
clock making the value to 0.0. It will be the off state of the
clock as well.LCD display:
We are using a 16x 2 display screen which is of 16 pin. The
device is TRULY LCD MODULE MTC-C162DPRN-2N. It is
capable of displaying 16 characters in 2 lines at a time. Making
overall 32 characters.
The pin Details are given below for the LCD module.
Pin NO. Symbol Level Description
1 VSS 0V Ground
2 VDD 5.0V Supply voltage for logic
3 VO --- Input voltage for LCD
4 RS H/L H : Data, L : Instruction code
5 R/W H/L H : Read mode, L : Write mode
7 DB0 H/L Data bit 0
8 DB1 H/L Data bit 1
9 DB2 H/L Data bit 2
10 DB3 H/L Data bit 3
11 DB4 H/L Data bit 4
12 DB5 H/L Data bit 5
13 DB6 H/L Data bit 6
14 DB7 H/L Data bit 7
15 NC --- No Connection
16 NC --- No Connection
The VSS is kept at ground.
Last 2 pins are not included in the design they are not used at
all.

4. Microcontroller:
The selected microcontroller is PIC18F452 because of the
following reasons.
This powerful 10 MIPS (100 nanosecond instruction execution)
yet easy-to-program (only 77 single word instructions) CMOS
FLASH-based 8-bit microcontroller packs Microchip's powerful
PIC® architecture into an 40- or 44-pin package and is upwards
compatible with the PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX, PIC16CXX and
PIC17CXX devices and thus providing a seamless migration
path of software code to higher levels of hardware integration.
The PIC18F452 features a 'C' compiler friendly development
environment, 256 bytes of EEPROM, 32 K of flash memory,
1536 bytes of RAM, Self-programming, an ICD, 2
capture/compare/PWM functions, 8 channels of 10-bit Analog-
to-Digital (A/D) converter, the synchronous serial port can be
configured as either 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface or the 2-
wire Inter-Integrated Circuit bus and Addressable Universal
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (AUSART).
All of these features make it ideal for manufacturing equipment,
instrumentation and monitoring, data acquisition, power
conditioning, environmental monitoring, telecom and consumer
audio/video applications. Which is why we used it to design the
alarm clock application.
Clocking Choice
We used timer 0 module for the project. The module
encompasses the following features.
The Timer0 module has the following features:
• Software selectable as an 8-bit or 16-bit timer/counter
• Readable and writable
• Dedicated 8-bit software programmable presaler
• Clock source selectable to be external or internal
• Interrupt-on-overflow from FFH to 00h in 8-bit mode and

5. FFFFH to 0000H in 16-bit mode
• Edge select for external clock
We will use it in software selectable timer/counter. And will be
using 8-bit mode. Which will be enough for the application.
Timer mode is selected by clearing the T0CS bit. In Timer
mode, the Timer0 module will increment every instruction
cycle. If the TMR0L register is written, the increment is
inhibited for the following two instruction cycles. The user can
work around this by writing an adjusted value to the TMR0L
register.
Counter mode is selected by setting the T0CS bit. In Counter
mode, Timer0 will increment, either on every rising or falling
edge of pin RA4/T0CKI. The incrementing edge is determined
by the timer0 source edge select bit(T0SE). Clearing the T0SE
bit selects the rising edge. Restrictions on the external clock
input are
Discussed below.
When an external clock input is used for Timer0, it must meet
certain requirements. The requirements ensure the external
clock can be synchronized with the internal phase clock
(TOSC). Also, there is a delay in the actual incrementing of
Timer0 after synchronization.
Design theory:
The detailed design of the project is given below.
Pin out of the device:
The following pins of microcontrollers are connected to the
other devices as follows.
Pin 2 and 3 to DIP switches which are simply operating in the
input mode.
Pin 6 to the buzzer in clocking mode.
Pins 24 to 34 are used as the output and are interfaced with the
LCD.LCD interfacing:
We used the TRULY LCD MODULE MTC-C162DPRN-2N for

6. the displaying the operation of the clock.
The pin Details are given below for the LCD module.
PIN connections:
1 VSS 0V Ground
2 VDD 5.0V Supply voltage for logic
3 VO --- Input voltage for LCD
4 RS H/L H : Data, L : Instruction code
5 R/W H/L H: Read mode, L : Write mode
7 DB0 H/L Data bit 0
8 DB1 H/L Data bit 1
9 DB2 H/L Data bit 2
10 DB3 H/L Data bit 3
11 DB4 H/L Data bit 4
12 DB5 H/L Data bit 5
13 DB6 H/L Data bit 6
14 DB7 H/L Data bit 7
15 NC --- No Connection
16 NC --- No Connection
The VSS is kept at ground.
Last 2 pins are not included in the design they are not used at
all.
The data pins which are used are simply the output in MCU.
The functions available allows us to send the data to the
display.
The pins (4-14) of the LCD are interfaced with the pins (24-26)
and (19-30) of MCU.Final comments:
The alarm clock can easily be implemented by the strategy
discussed above that is
Use the clock counter of pic18F452
Use an LCD for the display
Dip switches or even a keypad can also be used for the input.

7. We used DIP switches just to avoid the complexity.
SFR
Value
Description of how its programmed
Name