1. A virus is best described by which of the following definitions? *
A. A non-living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat and requires a host cell to replicate.
B. A living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat and requires a host cell to replicate
C. A non-living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat but does not require a host cell to replicate
D. Random DNA or RNA that disrupts host cell replication.
E. None of the above.
2. Which of the below choices best represents the correct order of steps in viral reproduction? *
A. Viral invasion of host cell, self-assembly of new virus particles, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA and proteins, virus particles released from host cell
B. Virus particles released from host cell, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA and proteins, viral invasion of host cell, self-assembly of new virus particles
C. Viral invasion of host cell, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA and proteins, self-assembly of new virus particles, virus particles released from host cell.
D. Self-assembly of new virus particles, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA and proteins, viral invasion of host cell, virus particles released from host cell.
3. In terms of the immune systems response to viral invasion, what is the role of preexisting antibodies? *
A. Antibodies attack infected cells.
B. Antibodies are signaling molecules produced by natural killer cells.
C. Antibodies block virus from infecting cells and allow macrophages to recognize and ingest virus particles.
D. Antibodies are produced by virus to help infect host cells.
E. None of the above.
4. In terms of the immune system's response to viral invasion, macrophages activate which of the following immune cells? *
A. Cytotoxic T-cells
B. Memory cells
C. Helper T-cells
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
F. Choices A and C.
5. In terms of the immune system's response to viral invasion, Helper T-cells activate which of the following immune cells? *
A. B- cells
B. Plasma Cells
C. Natural Killer Cells
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
6. Which of the below cell is responsible for making antibodies directed towards invading viruses? *
A. Cytotoxic T-cells
B. Natural Killer Cells
C. Helper T-Cells
D. Plasma Cells
E. None of the above.
7. What is the definition for a vaccine? *
A. The resistance of a group to an attack by a disease to which a large proportion of the members of the group are immune
B. The administration of a vaccine to those people only in close contact with the infected person.
C. Protects a person against an infectious disease by stimulating the immune system todetect and destroy the disease causing antigen by using a harmless or weakend form of a pathogen to "boost" the immune systems defenses.
D. A DNA molecule made in vitro with segements from different sources.
E. None of the above.
8. What is the definition for ring vac.
1. Which of the following statements is FALSEa. Naked viruses are .pdfaliradios
1. Which of the following statements is FALSE
a. Naked viruses are always more virulent than enveloped viruses
b. Viruses can be avirulent
c. Viruses outside of a cell are called virions
d. Influenza is an infection not a virus
e. All are false
2. Dermatotropic, hepatotropic, neurotropic are terms for viruses that describe:
a. burst
b. host range
c. receptors
d. host specificity
e. no answer
3. Which of the following statements represents enzymatic involvement in HIV IN ORDER?
a. integrase, protease, reverse transcriptase
b. reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase
c. reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease
d. reverse transcriptase, DNAse, integrase
e. DNAse, integrase, reverse transcriptase
4. For viruses that must use the host cell nucleus to replicate, biosynthesis involves:
a. activity in the cytoplasm, twice
b. integration of viral nucleic acid into the host chromosome
c. host organelles
d. all answers
5. RNA viruses, such as HIV, are called retroviruses because:
a. they originated near the beginning of life on Earth
b they often mutate and then go back to their prototrophic state
c. they replicate but in reverse of typical viral replicative steps
d. they originated before viruses infected animals
e. they must convert their RNA into DNA in order to engage in protein synthesis
6. An example of a multivalent vaccine is:
a. one that contains the spikes from a single viral strain
b. one that contains proteins from several viral strains
c. one that includes the mRNA from a single viral strain
d. one that includes both the mRNA and DNA from a single viral strain
7. One is technically infected with HIV when:
a. Two strands of RNA enter into the cytoplasm
b. Single stranded RNA becomes single stranded DNA
c. When HIV is considered a provirus and its DNA is integrated into the host chromosome
d. When HIV proteases shut down the host Golgi apparatus
8. These small molecular weight compounds stimulate cells to produce antiviral proteins:
a. interferons
b. macrophages
c. T-helper cells
d. provirions
9. Which of the following are produced by cells infected or about to be infected by a virus?
a. 25 oligo-A synthase
b. inactive protein kinase
c. endoribonucleases
d. active protein kinase
e. all answers
10. Many viruses engage in a coevolutionary arms race with their hosts. This means:
a. the virus and host engage in defense and counter defenses with each other
b. viruses lose when they infect a new host
c. hosts lose when they get infected by a familiar virus
d. antiviral drugs become more effective after repeated use
e. no answer
11. An example(s) of a cytopathic effect is/are:
a. A plaque
b. viral lesion on your skin
c. viral lesion on your liver
d. a scar from an earlier Chicken pox infection
e. all answers.
1. Which of the following statements is FALSEa. Naked viruses are .pdfaliradios
1. Which of the following statements is FALSE
a. Naked viruses are always more virulent than enveloped viruses
b. Viruses can be avirulent
c. Viruses outside of a cell are called virions
d. Influenza is an infection not a virus
e. All are false
2. Dermatotropic, hepatotropic, neurotropic are terms for viruses that describe:
a. burst
b. host range
c. receptors
d. host specificity
e. no answer
3. Which of the following statements represents enzymatic involvement in HIV IN ORDER?
a. integrase, protease, reverse transcriptase
b. reverse transcriptase, protease, integrase
c. reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease
d. reverse transcriptase, DNAse, integrase
e. DNAse, integrase, reverse transcriptase
4. For viruses that must use the host cell nucleus to replicate, biosynthesis involves:
a. activity in the cytoplasm, twice
b. integration of viral nucleic acid into the host chromosome
c. host organelles
d. all answers
5. RNA viruses, such as HIV, are called retroviruses because:
a. they originated near the beginning of life on Earth
b they often mutate and then go back to their prototrophic state
c. they replicate but in reverse of typical viral replicative steps
d. they originated before viruses infected animals
e. they must convert their RNA into DNA in order to engage in protein synthesis
6. An example of a multivalent vaccine is:
a. one that contains the spikes from a single viral strain
b. one that contains proteins from several viral strains
c. one that includes the mRNA from a single viral strain
d. one that includes both the mRNA and DNA from a single viral strain
7. One is technically infected with HIV when:
a. Two strands of RNA enter into the cytoplasm
b. Single stranded RNA becomes single stranded DNA
c. When HIV is considered a provirus and its DNA is integrated into the host chromosome
d. When HIV proteases shut down the host Golgi apparatus
8. These small molecular weight compounds stimulate cells to produce antiviral proteins:
a. interferons
b. macrophages
c. T-helper cells
d. provirions
9. Which of the following are produced by cells infected or about to be infected by a virus?
a. 25 oligo-A synthase
b. inactive protein kinase
c. endoribonucleases
d. active protein kinase
e. all answers
10. Many viruses engage in a coevolutionary arms race with their hosts. This means:
a. the virus and host engage in defense and counter defenses with each other
b. viruses lose when they infect a new host
c. hosts lose when they get infected by a familiar virus
d. antiviral drugs become more effective after repeated use
e. no answer
11. An example(s) of a cytopathic effect is/are:
a. A plaque
b. viral lesion on your skin
c. viral lesion on your liver
d. a scar from an earlier Chicken pox infection
e. all answers.
The word “Immuis” means free from burden and “immunitas” means exemption from government taxes and this provided the English terminology Immunity.
Immunity is a broad definition: This is a protective or defense mechanism of our body, which leads us to a healthy life.
Inborn or Innate immunity: It is present at birth; This is our First Line Of Defense.
Acquired or Specific: It is not present at birth but becomes part of our immune system as the lymphoid system develops.
1970: WHO defined immunity as immune response to antigen ( Foreign body) in form of:-
Humoral (activation of B-lymhocytes).
Cellular (by activation of T-lymphocytes).
1. Contents: Introduction
History of vaccine
Mechanism of vaccine
Types of vaccines
Uptake of antigens
Single shot vaccines
Mucosal vaccine delivery system
Transdermal vaccine delivery system
Conclusion
References
2. Drug delivery systems describe technologies that carry drugs into or throughout the body. These technologies include the method of delivery, such as a pill that you swallow, syrups or a vaccine that is injected.
3. Vaccines are biological preparation which provide active acquired immunity against particular diseases.
Vaccine word is derived from Latin word “Variolae vaccinea” (cowpox).
It is made of disease causing microbes, which are killed or present in attenuated form or it’s toxins or one of it’s surface proteins.
It stimulates the body immune system against the microbe and destroy it.
The administration of vaccine is called vaccination.
4.Edward Jenner developed 1st vaccine against small pox at 1798 from cowpox.
Louis pasture developed live attenuated cholera vaccine and inactivated anthrax vaccine in 1897 and 1904 respectively.
In 1923, Alexander Glenny introduce a method to inactivate tetanus toxins, this method was used to developed diphtheria vaccine in 1926.
Viral tissue culture method was developed in 1950-1985, which helped in development of inactivated and live attenuated polio vaccines.
5. important terminilogies:-Antibody: A protein found in the blood that is produced in response to foreign substances (e.g. bacteria or viruses) invading the body. Antibodies protect the body from disease by binding to these organisms and destroying them.
Antigens: Foreign substances (e.g. bacteria or viruses) in the body that are capable of causing disease. The presence of antigens in the body triggers an immune response.
Antitoxin: A solution of antibodies against a toxin. Antitoxin can be derived from either human (e.g., tetanus immune globulin) or animal (usually equine) sources (e.g., diphtheria and botulism antitoxin). Antitoxins are used to confer passive immunity and for treatment.
6.Active immunity: The production of antibodies against a specific disease by the immune system. Active immunity can be acquired in two ways, either by contracting the disease or through vaccination. Active immunity is usually permanent, meaning an individual is protected from the disease for the duration of their lives.
Passive immunity: Protection against disease through antibodies produced by another human being or animal. Passive immunity is effective, but protection is generally limited and diminishes over time (usually a few weeks or months).
7.Live attenuated Vaccines
Live attenuated vaccines contain whole bacteria or viruses which have been “weakened”(attenuated) so that they create a protective immune response but do not cause disease in healthy people.
For most modern vaccines this “weakening” is achieved through genetic modification of the pathogens.
E.g. BCG vaccine, MMR vaccine, chickenpox vaccine.
Most developments in biotechnology originated for their potential applications in health care.
Contributions of biotechnology are more frequent, more notable and more rewarding in health sector.
1. Primary sources2. Secondary sources3. La Malinche4. Bacon’s.docxvannagoforth
1. Primary sources
2. Secondary sources
3. La Malinche
4. Bacon’s rebellion
5. Robert Carter III
6. Mesoamerica
7. Middle Passage
8. Indentured servitude
9. The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy
10. Triangular trade
11. Saint Dominique Revolt
12. Syncretism
13. Olaudah Equiano
14. Christopher Columbus
15. Columbian Moment
16. Hernan Cortes
17. Florentine Codex
18. Master Narrative of American History
19. Reconquista
20. The Paradox of Slavery
21. Indian Removal Act 1830
22. Trail of Tears
23. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
24. Niños Heroes (Heroic Children)
25. Antonio López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón
26. The Royal Africa Company
27. John Locke
28. St. Patrick’s Battalion
29. Chilam Balam
30. Popol Vuh
31. El requerimiento (The Requirement)
32. Manifest Destiny
33. Moses and Stephen F. Austin
34. Colonialism
35. Colonial Legacy
.
1. Prepare an outline, an introduction, and a summary.docxvannagoforth
1. Prepare
an outline
,
an introduction
, and
a summary
on the article selected. It s
hould be
a report of at least 4 page
double spaced.
2. Prepare a 4
PowerPoint slides
from the report.
NOTE
: See the attachment below to review the article.
.
More Related Content
Similar to 1. A virus is best described by which of the following definitions .docx
The word “Immuis” means free from burden and “immunitas” means exemption from government taxes and this provided the English terminology Immunity.
Immunity is a broad definition: This is a protective or defense mechanism of our body, which leads us to a healthy life.
Inborn or Innate immunity: It is present at birth; This is our First Line Of Defense.
Acquired or Specific: It is not present at birth but becomes part of our immune system as the lymphoid system develops.
1970: WHO defined immunity as immune response to antigen ( Foreign body) in form of:-
Humoral (activation of B-lymhocytes).
Cellular (by activation of T-lymphocytes).
1. Contents: Introduction
History of vaccine
Mechanism of vaccine
Types of vaccines
Uptake of antigens
Single shot vaccines
Mucosal vaccine delivery system
Transdermal vaccine delivery system
Conclusion
References
2. Drug delivery systems describe technologies that carry drugs into or throughout the body. These technologies include the method of delivery, such as a pill that you swallow, syrups or a vaccine that is injected.
3. Vaccines are biological preparation which provide active acquired immunity against particular diseases.
Vaccine word is derived from Latin word “Variolae vaccinea” (cowpox).
It is made of disease causing microbes, which are killed or present in attenuated form or it’s toxins or one of it’s surface proteins.
It stimulates the body immune system against the microbe and destroy it.
The administration of vaccine is called vaccination.
4.Edward Jenner developed 1st vaccine against small pox at 1798 from cowpox.
Louis pasture developed live attenuated cholera vaccine and inactivated anthrax vaccine in 1897 and 1904 respectively.
In 1923, Alexander Glenny introduce a method to inactivate tetanus toxins, this method was used to developed diphtheria vaccine in 1926.
Viral tissue culture method was developed in 1950-1985, which helped in development of inactivated and live attenuated polio vaccines.
5. important terminilogies:-Antibody: A protein found in the blood that is produced in response to foreign substances (e.g. bacteria or viruses) invading the body. Antibodies protect the body from disease by binding to these organisms and destroying them.
Antigens: Foreign substances (e.g. bacteria or viruses) in the body that are capable of causing disease. The presence of antigens in the body triggers an immune response.
Antitoxin: A solution of antibodies against a toxin. Antitoxin can be derived from either human (e.g., tetanus immune globulin) or animal (usually equine) sources (e.g., diphtheria and botulism antitoxin). Antitoxins are used to confer passive immunity and for treatment.
6.Active immunity: The production of antibodies against a specific disease by the immune system. Active immunity can be acquired in two ways, either by contracting the disease or through vaccination. Active immunity is usually permanent, meaning an individual is protected from the disease for the duration of their lives.
Passive immunity: Protection against disease through antibodies produced by another human being or animal. Passive immunity is effective, but protection is generally limited and diminishes over time (usually a few weeks or months).
7.Live attenuated Vaccines
Live attenuated vaccines contain whole bacteria or viruses which have been “weakened”(attenuated) so that they create a protective immune response but do not cause disease in healthy people.
For most modern vaccines this “weakening” is achieved through genetic modification of the pathogens.
E.g. BCG vaccine, MMR vaccine, chickenpox vaccine.
Most developments in biotechnology originated for their potential applications in health care.
Contributions of biotechnology are more frequent, more notable and more rewarding in health sector.
Similar to 1. A virus is best described by which of the following definitions .docx (20)
1. Primary sources2. Secondary sources3. La Malinche4. Bacon’s.docxvannagoforth
1. Primary sources
2. Secondary sources
3. La Malinche
4. Bacon’s rebellion
5. Robert Carter III
6. Mesoamerica
7. Middle Passage
8. Indentured servitude
9. The Jefferson-Hemings Controversy
10. Triangular trade
11. Saint Dominique Revolt
12. Syncretism
13. Olaudah Equiano
14. Christopher Columbus
15. Columbian Moment
16. Hernan Cortes
17. Florentine Codex
18. Master Narrative of American History
19. Reconquista
20. The Paradox of Slavery
21. Indian Removal Act 1830
22. Trail of Tears
23. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
24. Niños Heroes (Heroic Children)
25. Antonio López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón
26. The Royal Africa Company
27. John Locke
28. St. Patrick’s Battalion
29. Chilam Balam
30. Popol Vuh
31. El requerimiento (The Requirement)
32. Manifest Destiny
33. Moses and Stephen F. Austin
34. Colonialism
35. Colonial Legacy
.
1. Prepare an outline, an introduction, and a summary.docxvannagoforth
1. Prepare
an outline
,
an introduction
, and
a summary
on the article selected. It s
hould be
a report of at least 4 page
double spaced.
2. Prepare a 4
PowerPoint slides
from the report.
NOTE
: See the attachment below to review the article.
.
1. Normative moral philosophy typically focuses on the determining t.docxvannagoforth
1. Normative moral philosophy typically focuses on the determining the right action for a person to perform in a given situation. First, how specifically is Aristotle’s virtue ethics focused slightly differently? Next, Aristotle thought that virtues are traits of character that manifest themselves through habitual activity and that are good for anyone to have. What are some of the virtuous traits to have according to Aristotle and how does acting in accordance with them over time bring about “correct” moral action? What does it mean to act in a morally correct way according to Aristotle?
Directions:
Please provide detailed and elaborate responses to the following questions. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments. Each response should be at least one half of one page in length and utilize APA format.
1. According to virtue ethicists, how are virtues acquired?
2. What is situationist psychology?
3. List and briefly describe one of the criticisms of virtue ethics.
4. What is "The Golden Mean?"
5. Why is virtue ethics particularly well-suited to the medical profession?
PART I:
Directions:
The following problems ask you to evaluate hypothetical situations and/or concepts related to the reading in this module. While there are no "correct answers" for these problems, you must demonstrate a strong understanding of the concepts and lessons from this module's reading assignment. Please provide detailed and elaborate responses to the following problems. Your responses should include examples from the reading assignments and should utilize APA guidelines. Responses that fall short of the assigned minimum page length will not earn any points.
1.
Think of a profession you are considering as a career: engineering, or perhaps law or accounting or teaching. Could you develop a distinctive set of virtues for that profession? That is, are there some virtues that would be particularly important for members of that profession? Your response should be at least one page in length.
2. An important distinction for virtue theorists is between people who are happy and people who are flourishing. Do you know anyone (a public figure or an acquaintance) whom you would count as happy but not flourishing?
Your response should be at least one half of one page in length.
3. I have lived a dissolute life for many years: a life devoted to excessive eating, heavy drinking, laziness, deceitfulness, and pettiness. At age 45, I awaken one morning in the gutter, painfully sober after a three-day binge, and I resolve to change my ways and pursue virtue. In your opinion, how long would it make me to become a virtuous person? Could I become virtuous in an hour? A week? A month? Ever?
Your response should be at least one page in length.
4. Suppose Dan is dying from an unknown disease. He is wealthy and will give half of his money to anyone who can save his life. Joe, not know.
1. Paper should be 5-pages min. + 1 page works cited2. Should have.docxvannagoforth
1. Paper should be 5-pages min. + 1 page works cited
2. Should have at least 10 annotated sources (copy article onto word, highlight main point, write a few sentences about how it'll help you in writing the paper at the bottom of page)
3
. Should have an INTRO, NARRATION, ARGUMENTS, REFUTATION, CONCUSION
4. Use in-text citations and have organized mla format works cited page
SAMPLE OUTLINE
Research Paper Outline
Title: Rebellious Libya
Thesis: The United States should not get involved with Libya’s conflicts.
I.
Introduction:
A.
Start with the question, what is war? Explain briefly.
B.
Talk about the wars of the United States.
C.
What were the outcomes of some of those wars?
II.
Narration:
A.
Give some background on Libya.
B.
Explain how Col. Muammar Gaddafi became the leader of Libya
C.
Talk about why the citizens of Libya want to overthrow Gaddafi.
D.
Explain why the people feel that the United States should get involved in Libya’s conflicts.
III.
Partition:
A.
Thesis: I believe that the United States should not get involve with Libya’s conflicts.
B.
Essay Map.
1.
Cost of war.
2.
Using money in other Departments other defense.
3.
Killing innocent civilians and soldiers.
4.
Helping unknown rebels
5.
Involvement of foreign wars
IV.
Arguments:
A.
The cost of war is rising by the minute. The Obama Administration proposed a budget of $553 billion dollars for the department.
B.
Instead of spending all that money on war, we should be investing that money on health care and education.
C.
This conflict has caused the lives of many innocent civilians. NATO openly admitted to have killed innocent civilians, due to misguidance.
D.
The rebels fighting against Gaddafi are in need of military supplies. I don’t think that it is a good idea to help unknown rebels. We helped the Afghanistan rebels when they were fighting Russia. After they were victorious, they later became the “Taliban” and used those weapons to attack the US.
E.
Getting involved in foreign wars is not a good idea. The US has been involved in many foreign wars lately. These wars have been in foreign countries where Islam is the prominent religion. Libya is one of these countries. The involvement of the US in these places, builds a bad reputation worldwide and among the Muslim community.
V.
Refutation:
A.
Gaddafi’s actions against the civilians of Libya are totally wrong. Killing your own people is bad and therefore, we should help the rebels overthrow him.
B.
Gaddafi has been in power for many years. In fact, he holds the record for most years in power in a single country. This type of power can potentially lead to corruption and mistreatment of civilians.
C.
The people of Libya deserve to have democracy. They should have the right to elect their own leader.
D.
If Al Qaeda is threatening NATO and Libyan mercenaries then we should help them fight terrorism.
VI.
Conclusion:
A.
Summarize my arguments.
B.
State why we should not get involve with Libya’s conf.
1. Name and describe the three steps of the looking-glass self.2.docxvannagoforth
1. Name and describe the three steps of the 'looking-glass self'.
2. List and describe the three stages in George Mead's model of human development.
3. Piaget developed a four-stage process to explain how children develop reasoning skills. List each and give an example of one of the stages.
4. Briefly summarize the three elements of Freud's theory of personality and explain why sociologist have negative reactions to his analysis.
5. How does the mass media reinforce society's expectations of gender?
.
1. Provide an example of a business or specific person(s) that effec.docxvannagoforth
1. Provide an example of a business or specific person(s) that effectively use social media. What tools does the business or person use? How do they apply the tools effectively? Describe areas of improvement.
This assignment has to be 4 pages long, then it needs a cover page and reference page however that can not be a part of the four pages. So it would be 6 pages if you count the cover page and reference page!
.
1. Mexico and Guatemala. Research the political and economic situati.docxvannagoforth
1. Mexico and Guatemala. Research the political and economic situation of these countries and write about their peculiar circumstances.
2. Honduras, El Salvador and Panama. Research the political and economic situation of these countries and write about their peculiar circumstances.
3. Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Research the ecological and political situation of these countries and write about their peculiar circumstances.
4. Colombia and Ecuador. Research about the truths and myths about this two countries and write about your impressions on these stereotypes.
.
1. Many scholars have set some standards to judge a system for taxat.docxvannagoforth
1. Many scholars have set some standards to judge a system for taxation for its validity. How can you decide if a tax is good or bad?
You can consider these five following principles for your Discussion. What do these issues mean? How do you think they matter?
Adequacy Equity Exportability Neutrality Simplicity
What other tax revenue systems could you consider? How do you think they would be better or worse?
2. What role do taxes play in political issues?
3. What is your opinion of a flat tax as some politicians have proposed?
.
1. List and (in 1-2 sentences) describe the 4 interlocking factors t.docxvannagoforth
1. List and (in 1-2 sentences) describe the 4 interlocking factors that led to the ourbreak of world war 1
2. Explain the difference between and authoritarian regime and a totalitarian regime.
3. List and (in 1-2 sentences) describe the 5 factors that led to the ourbreak of world war 2.
.
1. Please explain how the Constitution provides for a system of sepa.docxvannagoforth
1. Please explain how the Constitution provides for a system of separation of powers and checks and balances. Provide a fully developed essay of at least 500 words, and cite sources used.
2. Describe how a bill becomes a law at the national level, in a fully developed essay of at least 500 words. Support your work with cited sources, references to Lecture Notes, or URLs where you obtained your information.
.
1. Please watch the following The Diving Bell & The Butterfly, Amel.docxvannagoforth
1. Please watch the following: The Diving Bell & The Butterfly, Amelie, The Lookout, A Single Man, Her, Little Children, and An Education and
Please respond to the films. In particular, respond to how the film develops the identity of a single character for an audience, and which you responded to (either the characters themselves or the way the film constructed the character) the most, or the least please , 10 sentence min and no plagiariasm also it has to be
followowed exactly whats written here.
PS: please dont waste my time if you will do a messy assigment, just dont send me a msg.
.
1. Most sociologists interpret social life from one of the three maj.docxvannagoforth
1. Most sociologists interpret social life from one of the three major theoretical frameworks/perspectives (conflict theory, functionalism, symbolic interactionism). Describe the major points of each one. List at least one sociologist who has been identified with each of these three theories.
2. What is the difference between basic sociology and applied sociology?
3. List and describe the eight steps of the scientific research model.
4. Discuss the importance of ethics in social research. Define what is meant by ethics.
.
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produc.docxvannagoforth
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring with members of other species. This idea is known as
a. reproductive success.
b. punctuated evolution.
c. adaptive radiation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. geographic isolation.
2. The origin of new species, the extinction of species, and the evolution of major new features of living things are all changes that result from
a. macroevolution.
b. fitness.
c. speciation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. convergent evolution.
3. Which is a barrier that can contribute to reproductive isolation?
a. timing
b. behavior
c. habitat
d. incompatible reproductive structures
e. all of the above
4. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Horses and donkeys are separate species.
b. Two mules can mate and produce fertile offspring.
c. A horse and a donkey can mate and produce offspring.
d. Two donkeys can mate and produce fertile offspring.
e. Two horses can mate and produce fertile offspring.
5. The evolution of the penguin’s wing from a wing suited for flying to a “flipper-wing” used for swimming is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
6. Which of the following have been preserved as fossils?
a. dinosaur footprints
b. insects preserved in amber
c. petrified plant remains
d. animal bones
e. all of the above
7. The mass extinctions that included the dinosaurs took place during which period?
a. Cambrian (543–510 million years ago)
b. Devonian (409–363 million years ago)
c. Carboniferous (363–290 million years ago)
d. Jurassic (206–144 million years ago)
e. Cretaceous (144–65 million years ago)
8. The development of the complex, camera-like eye of a mammal is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
9. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Carbon-14 dating is useful for studying the age of early dinosaur fossils.
b. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years.
c. Uranium-238 has a very short half-life.
d. Uranium-238 is present in all organisms.
e. Carbon-12 is not found in living plants.
10. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why Australia has so many organisms unique to that continent?
a. punctuated equilibrium
b. the biological species concept
c. convergent evolution
d. continental drift
e. cladistics
11. Scientists think that a meteor that fell in ____________________ may have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
a. Australia
b. the Yucatán peninsula
c. The Galápagos Islands
d. Pangaea
e. India
12. The great diversit.
1. Of the three chemical bonds discussed in class, which of them is .docxvannagoforth
1. Of the three chemical bonds discussed in class, which of them is simultaneously the weakest and most important for life on this planet as we know it?
2.Carbohydrates are very important sources of energy for life. Plants and arthropods also use carbohydrates as components of structures that are very important for their existence. Provide the names of the two most important carbohydrate based structures (one for plants and one for arthropods) and the carbohydrate components that are used to form them.
3._____________ _____________ are joined by ______________ bonds to form proteins.
4.Proteins can be used for several functions. Provide examples of structural and metabolic functions of proteins.
5.Describe the phosholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. Why is this bilayer important for the formation of cells and the sequestration of chemical reactions within the cell?
.
1. Look at your diagrams for hydrogen, lithium, and sodium. What do .docxvannagoforth
1. Look at your diagrams for hydrogen, lithium, and sodium. What do they all have in common? What group are these elements in on the periodic table?
2. Look at your diagrams for fluorine and chlorine. What do they have in common?
Picture is in the link. Put answers on the word document and re-submit
.
1. Name the following molecules2. Sketch the following molecules.docxvannagoforth
1. Name the following molecules:
2. Sketch the following molecules:
3-cyclohexenone
4-ethyl 2,2,5-trimethyl 3-hexanone
ethyl butyrate
pentanoic acid
2-chloro 4-methyl 2,5-heptadienal
3,4-dichloro 4-ethyl octanal
p-chloro phenol
3-bromo 2-chloro 4-methyl hexane
3-cyclopropyl 1,2-cyclopentanediol
methyl phenyl ether
3,5-dimethyl 2-heptene-4,5-diol
3. Give two different uses for ethanol.
4. Name two categories of organic compounds (alkanes, aldehydes…) that have very strong characteristic odours.
.
1. List the horizontal and vertical levels of systems that exist in .docxvannagoforth
1. List the horizontal and vertical levels of systems that exist in organizations.
2.
Describe at least five steps involved in systems integration
3.
What is the role of ERP systems in system integration?
4. Why do you think functional silos are not appropriate for today's organization? Discuss your answer from organizational and technical perspectives.
5. Pick an organization that you know of or where you are/were working and provide examples of logical and physical integration issues that were faced by the organization when they broke the functional silos and moved to integrated systems.
.
1. Kemal Ataturk carried out policies that distanced the new Turkish.docxvannagoforth
1. Kemal Ataturk carried out policies that distanced the new Turkish republic of the 1920s from the Ottoman past. Why? What specific policies did Ataturk pursue? 2. Why many Arabs felt betrayed by the British (and the French) after the First World War? 3. Discuss at least three features of patrimonial leadership. List three or more Middle Eastern states where such type of political leadership persists 4. Describe the key processes (both internal and external) that initiated political and economic disintegration of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century. 5. European military superiority in the late eighteenth century prompted Ottoman rulers to respond with what specific political measures? 6. The Zionist political movement originated in Europe rather than in the Middle East. Explain why and how. 7. After the Second World War, several Arab countries went through the process of transition from constitutional monarchies to republics. Identify three such countries and describe the course of events that brought about this transition. 8. How is religious Zionism different from secular Zionism? What is the relevance of this difference for the creation of the state of Israel? Has the relative influence of the two remained stable since the creation of the Israeli state? 9. What was the principle source of political legitimacy of the Ottoman Empire? 10. While most Ottoman European provinces, riding the tide of the nineteenth century nationalism, sought and won independence from Istanbul, Ottoman Arab provinces maintained their political loyalty to the Ottomans. What explains this difference between Arab and European provinces? 11. Social and political forces in favor of a constitutional reform in Iran (1905-1911) were markedly different from the groups that promoted constitutional limitations on executive powers of the sultan in the Ottoman Empire prior to the First World War? Explain this difference. 12. What are some of the key features of Arab socialisms? Which Arab leaders adopted socialist ideology? Which Arab leaders were opposed to it? 13. After the First World War, the new Middle Eastern protectorates (e.g., Syria, Lebanon, Iraq) were expected to develop into modern secular states. What specific policies did France and Britain try to implement? How successful have theses policies been? 14. The 1967 war was a watershed event for all major actors in the Middle East. Explain the consequences of the war for domestic politics in Israel and Egypt respectively.
.
1. If we consider a gallon of gas as having 100 units of energy, and.docxvannagoforth
1. If we consider a gallon of gas as having 100 units of energy, and 25 of those units are used to move the car, what law of thermodynamics accounts for the other 75 units of energy? (Points : 2)
the first law
the second law
2. Which of these is not a component of a molecule of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)? (Points : 3)
adenosine
phosphate
deoxyribose sugar
ribose sugar
3. Glycolysis is a sequence of ______ chemical reactions. (Points : 3)
nine
six
five
ten
4. Exergonic reactions produce products with a ___ energy level than that of the initial reactants. (Points : 3)
lower
higher
the same
5. When chemical X is reduced, which of these expressions would be an accurate representation of its reduced state? (Points : 3)
XO
XH
X
HX
6. Most enzymes are which kind of organic compound? (Points : 3)
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
none of the above
7. The area on an enzyme where the substrate attaches is called the: (Points : 3)
active site
allosteric site
anabolic site
inactive site
8. Which of the following creatures would not be an autotroph? (Points : 3)
cactus
cyanobacteria
fish
palm tree
9. The process by which most of the world's autotrophs make their food is known as: (Points : 3)
glycolysis
photosynthesis
chemosynthesis
herbivory
10. Plants are the only organisms that use ATP for the transfer and storage of energy. (Points : 2)
True
False
11. The colors of light in the visible range (from longest wavelength to shortest) are: (Points : 3)
ROYGBIV
VIBGYOR
GRBIYV
ROYROGERS
12. Chlorophyll is a green pigment because it absorbs only the green part of the visible light spectrum. (Points : 2)
True
False
13. The photosynthetic pigment that is essential for the process to occur is: (Points : 3)
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
beta carotene
xanthocyanin
14. A photosystem is: (Points : 3)
a collection of hydrogen-pumping proteins
a series of electron-accepting proteins arranged in the thylakoid membrane
a collection of photosynthetic pigments arranged in a thylakoid membrane
found only in prokaryotic organisms
15. Which of these molecules is NOT a product of the Electron Transport System? (Points : 3)
ATP
Water
Pyruvate
NAD+
16. The dark reactions require all of these chemicals to proceed except: (Points : 3)
ATP
NADPH
carbon dioxide
oxygen
17. The structural unit of photosynthesis, where the photosystems are located, are called: (Points : 3)
chlorophylls
eukaryotes
stroma
thylakoids
18. Which of the following does NOT occur during the light independent process? (Points : 3)
CO2 is used to form carbohydrates
NADPH converts to NADP
ADP converts to ATP
ATP converts to ADP
19. The production of ATP that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called: (Points : 3)
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
chemiosmosis
photosynthesis
20. The first stable chemical formed by the Calvin Cycle is: (Points :.
1. In 200-250 words, analyze the basic issues of human biology as th.docxvannagoforth
1. In 200-250 words, analyze the basic issues of human biology as they relate to chronic conditions and describe the interaction between disability, disease, and behavior. Examine and discuss the impact of biological health or illness on social, psychological, and physical problems from the micro, mezzo, and macro perspectives. Choose a chronic condition from those provided in your text and consider how you might feel, think, and behave differently if the condition were affecting you versus if the condition were affecting a stranger. How might you think differently about this chronic condition if it were affecting someone close to you, your neighbor, or someone in your community? Please include at least two supporting scholarly resources.
2.Our stage of life, intellectual/cognitive abilities, and sociocultural position in life, affect our perspectives and resultant behaviors about a number of conditions including cancer. Consider the information provided in the
“Introduction to the Miller Family”
document. Both Ella and Elías have been diagnosed with cancer. Ella has been fighting cancer with complementary and alternative methods with some success for many years. Elías, her grandson, is 10 years old and has recently been diagnosed with leukemia but has not yet begun treatment. Putting yourself in either Ella or Elías’s place, what might your perspective on your cancer be? Integrate how the stage of life, cognitive abilities, and sociocultural position of your chosen person impacts her/his perspective on his/her individual disease.
.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
1. A virus is best described by which of the following definitions .docx
1. 1. A virus is best described by which of the following
definitions? *
A. A non-living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered
by a protein coat and requires a host cell to replicate.
B. A living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered by a
protein coat and requires a host cell to replicate
C. A non-living microbe that has a DNA or RNA core covered
by a protein coat but does not require a host cell to replicate
D. Random DNA or RNA that disrupts host cell replication.
E. None of the above.
2. Which of the below choices best represents the correct order
of steps in viral reproduction? *
A. Viral invasion of host cell, self-assembly of new virus
particles, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA and proteins, virus
particles released from host cell
B. Virus particles released from host cell, synthesis of new
viral DNA/RNA and proteins, viral invasion of host cell, self-
assembly of new virus particles
C. Viral invasion of host cell, synthesis of new viral DNA/RNA
and proteins, self-assembly of new virus particles, virus
particles released from host cell.
D. Self-assembly of new virus particles, synthesis of new viral
DNA/RNA and proteins, viral invasion of host cell, virus
particles released from host cell.
2. 3. In terms of the immune systems response to viral invasion,
what is the role of preexisting antibodies? *
A. Antibodies attack infected cells.
B. Antibodies are signaling molecules produced by natural
killer cells.
C. Antibodies block virus from infecting cells and allow
macrophages to recognize and ingest virus particles.
D. Antibodies are produced by virus to help infect host cells.
E. None of the above.
4. In terms of the immune system's response to viral invasion,
macrophages activate which of the following immune cells? *
A. Cytotoxic T-cells
B. Memory cells
C. Helper T-cells
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
F. Choices A and C.
5. In terms of the immune system's response to viral invasion,
Helper T-cells activate which of the following immune cells? *
A. B- cells
B. Plasma Cells
3. C. Natural Killer Cells
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
6. Which of the below cell is responsible for making antibodies
directed towards invading viruses? *
A. Cytotoxic T-cells
B. Natural Killer Cells
C. Helper T-Cells
D. Plasma Cells
E. None of the above.
7. What is the definition for a vaccine? *
A. The resistance of a group to an attack by a disease to which
a large proportion of the members of the group are immune
B. The administration of a vaccine to those people only in close
contact with the infected person.
C. Protects a person against an infectious disease by
stimulating the immune system todetect and destroy the disease
causing antigen by using a harmless or weakend form of a
pathogen to "boost" the immune systems defenses.
D. A DNA molecule made in vitro with segements from
different sources.
4. E. None of the above.
8. What is the definition for ring vaccination? *
A. The resistance of a group to an attack by a disease to which
a large proportion of the members of the group are immune
B. The administration of a vaccine to those people only in close
contact with the infected person.
C. Protects a person against an infectious disease by
stimulating the immune system todetect and destroy the disease
causing antigen by using a harmless or weakend form of a
pathogen to "boost" the immune systems defenses.
D. A DNA molecule made in vitro with segements from
different sources.
E. None of the above.
9. What is the definition for Herd Immunity? *
A. The resistance of a group to an attack by a disease to which
a large proportion of the members of the group are immune
B. The administration of a vaccine to those people only in close
contact with the infected person.
C. Protects a person against an infectious disease by
stimulating the immune system todetect and destroy the disease
causing antigen by using a harmless or weakend form of a
pathogen to "boost" the immune systems defenses.
D. A DNA molecule made in vitro with segements from
different sources.
5. E. None of the above.
10. What is the definition for a live vaccine? *
A. Contains disease agents that do not reproduce in the body
and triggers only a partial immune response
B. any vaccine that is safe to use on living people .
C. contains virus particles that trigger a full immune response
without invading and reproducing in host cells.
D. contains living pathogens that invade and use cells of the
human body to reproduce causing a full immune response.
E. None of the above.
11. What is the definition for a non live vaccine *
A. Contains disease agents that do not reproduce in the body
and triggers only a partial immune response
B. Any vaccine produced from blood or virus sample taken
from a non-living animal or human.
C. Contains living virus particles that invade human cells but
do not trgger a full immune response.
D. contains living pathogens that invade and use cells of the
human body to reproduce causing a full immune response.
E. None of the above.
12. A type of live vaccine that contains altered pathogenic virus
that can still invade and reproduce in the cells of the body
producing a full immune response but no longer makes the
6. patient sick is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
13. A type of non live vaccine that disables the virus' ability to
replicate in the human body, but maintains its shape and
molecular characteristics that illicit an immune response is
called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
14. A type of non live vaccine that conditions the immune
system to identify and eliminate toxins produced by a virus or
bacteria but not the virus or bacteria itself is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
7. B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
15. A type of non live vaccine that uses just a small part or
protein from a virus to trigger a partial immune response is
called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
16. A type of live vaccine that uses one type of virus that is
similar too, but not as pathogenic (does not make one as sick) as
the virus that is being vaccinated against is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
8. D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
17. A type of Non-live vaccine that uses pieces of raw viral
DNA that is taken up by cells in the body causing them to make
non-harmful viral proteins that trigger an immune response is
called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
18. A vaccine made by the following procedures: Isolate the
viral DNA or RNA that is responsible for producing the vaccine
protein or subunit --> insert the viral DNA into bacteria or yeast
using a plasmid vector grow bacteria or yeast allowing them to
produce viral protein or subunit--> purify viral protein or
subunit inject purified protein or subunit is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
9. D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
19. A vaccine made using the following procedures: Culture the
pathogenic virus in cells grown on a dish (in vitro)--> treat the
virus with chemicals such as formaldehyde or aluminum salts to
disable the virus --> purify killed virus for injection is called
what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
20. A vaccine made using the following procedures: Collect
body fluid containing similar type virus --> purify virus from
other molecules and contaminants in body fluid --> inoculate
using similar virus is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
10. D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
21. A vaccine made using the following procedures: Culture
pathogenic virus in cells grown on a dish (in vitro) --> the virus
is grown at different temperatures or in chemicals that are
different from the human body --> An altered strain of virus
that no longer grows as well in the human body is then selected
to be used as a vaccine is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
22. A vaccine made using the following procedures: Culture
bacteria or virus in a growth medium (in vitro) --> purify toxin
from other molecules and contaminants --> use chemicals such
as formaldehyde or aluminum salts to neutralize toxins -->
inject harmless toxins with adjuvant (another vaccine that
increases the immune response) as a vaccine is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
11. C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
23. A vaccine made using the following procedures: Viral DNA
is copied using PCR --> Restriction enzymes are used to cut a
plasmid and ligase is used to paste viral DNA into a vector -->
Vectors are then transformed into bacteria which mass produce
the vectors containing viral DNA--> The vectors are then
purified and used as a vaccine is called what? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
24. The vaccine for small pox, made by using the cow pox
virus, is an example of which type of vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
12. D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
25. The experimental HIV vaccine consist of vectors with pieces
of HIV DNA. This is an example of which type of vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
26. The Hepatitis B vaccine uses harmless proteins from the
virus to trigger a partial immune response this is an example of
which type of vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
13. 27. The measels vaccine uses a live measels strain selected
because this strain does not reproduce well in the human body
yet can still trigger a full immune response. This is an example
of which vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
28. The Polio vaccine uses a non-live form of the viruse that
maintian the molecular structure found in the live form of the
virus. This is an example of which type of vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
29. The tetanus vaccine uses toxins from the bacteria that
causes tetanus that have been made harmless through chemical
14. treatment. This is an example of which type of vaccine? *
A. Similar Pathogen
B. Killed vaccine
C. Toxoid vaccine
D. Genetic vaccine
E. Subunit vaccine
F. Live-attenuated
30. Which of the following statements about restriction
endonucleases is false. *
A. Are also know as restriction enzymes
B. Recognizes specific palindromic sequences of DNA
C. Cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA in a way that
leaves sticky ends thatcan be pasted back together.
D. The sticky ends left by different restriction endonucleases
can be pasted back together.
E. None of the above.
31. Which of the following statements about DNA ligase is
true? *
A. This enzyme is sometimes called molecular scissors.
B. This enzyme can identify matching sticky ends and paste
them back together.
15. C. This enzyme helps transfer plasmids to one bacteria from
another.
D. This enzyme recognizes specific DNA sequences and cuts
the DNA
E. None of the above.
32. Which of the following statements about plasmids are true?
*
A. plasmids are small rings of DNA that carries accessory
genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome.
B. plasmids can also be used for making genetic products by
recombining DNA from other sources
C. Plasmids are often transferred from one bacteria to another
through a process call transduction.
D. A and B only
E. B and C only
F. None of the above.
33. Diagram 1 shows changes in antibody levels in response to
viral infection. The curve shown represents a response that you
might see in a patient that has been... *
A. Vaccinated for the specific viral infection
B. Not vaccinated for the specific viral infection.
C. Can not determine from the information given.
16. 34. Diagram 2 shows changes in antibody levels in response to
viral infection. The curve shown represents a response that you
might see in a patient that has been... *
A. Vaccinated for the specific viral infection
B. Not vaccinated for the specific viral infection.
C. Can not determine from the information given.
35. Diagram 3 is a graphical representation of which
vaccination strategy?
A. Ring vaccination
B. Herd Immunity
C. Cocooning
D. Stick vaccination
E. None of the above.
36. Diagram 4 is a graphical representation of which
vaccination strategy?
A. Herd Immunity
B. Ring vaccination
C. Mobile vaccination
D. Stick vaccination
E. None of the above
