This document provides a summary of a presentation on CO2 transport for carbon capture and storage (CCS). The presentation introduces Element Energy, a UK-based low carbon energy consultancy, and discusses Element Energy's expertise in CCS. It then covers global CO2 pipeline potential based on a study conducted for the IEA, different CO2 transport scenarios for the North Sea region, and a case study of developing a CO2 transport network in the Tees Valley area of the UK. The presentation examines challenges for large-scale CCS deployment including uncertainties around sources, transport and storage options, and the actions needed at a global, European and regional level to support CCS.
wind power costing 27 nov 2012 at the Energy Talk, LondonMichael Taylor
The document discusses declining costs of wind power based on a report from IRENA. It finds that wind power costs have dramatically decreased, with onshore wind now competitive with fossil fuels in many countries. Further cost reductions are expected as turbine prices decline and operations and maintenance costs are optimized. While wind power is increasingly affordable, continued policy support may still be needed for efficient renewable energy development. Overall, renewable energy costs are falling faster than expected, posing challenges but also opportunities to shift policy focus.
The document discusses opportunities for nuclear suppliers in the Tennessee Valley region. It notes increasing demand for energy and plans to meet that demand through building new nuclear plants and conserving energy. The region has major nuclear projects underway and offers a skilled nuclear workforce, research institutions like ORNL, and a central US location near transportation routes. The Tennessee Valley Nuclear Energy Consortium (TVNEC) aims to promote nuclear industry growth and develop ultra-heavy forging capabilities in the region. TVNEC also works with regional suppliers, utilities, and government agencies like DOE to bridge gaps and create opportunities for building new nuclear plants.
Perspectives on Energy Efficiency Opportunities and Strategies:Technology an...Alliance To Save Energy
On September 14, Executive Vice President for Programs Brian Castelli keynoted the Riso International Energy Conference 2009 at the Technical University of Denmark, where he addressed the role of energy efficiency in reducing greenhouse gases (GHG).
Summit Power Group is a developer of clean energy projects including carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Sasha Mackler discussed Summit's focus on developing CCS projects to provide CO2 for enhanced oil recovery and produce low-carbon electricity. Mackler outlined two of Summit's major CCS projects - the Texas Clean Energy Project, a coal gasification facility that will capture 3 million tons of CO2 per year, and the Captain Clean Energy Project in the UK, which will capture over 3.8 million tons of CO2 per year from an integrated gasification combined cycle facility. Mackler noted that while CCS technologies are commercially viable, successful large-scale projects are still needed to demonstrate the business case for implementing C
Willbros Group at D.A. Davidson's 11th Annual Engineering & Construction Con...Willbros Group, Inc.
Willbros Group is an engineering and construction company that provides services to the oil, gas, and power industries. The presentation discusses Willbros' history, business segments, growth opportunities in areas like utility transmission and Canadian oil sands production, and financial overview. It notes recent accomplishments like debt reduction and a focus on improving underperforming business units. The presentation aims to position Willbros for future success by capitalizing on opportunities in growing energy infrastructure markets in North America.
Willbros Group presented at the D.A. Davidson 10th Annual Engineering & Construction Conference on September 21, 2011. The presentation provided an overview of Willbros, including its history, services, markets, growth opportunities in utility transmission and distribution and oil and gas infrastructure, financial position, and valuation relative to peers. Willbros aims to improve profitability and reduce debt while capitalizing on investment in energy infrastructure including electricity transmission, pipelines, and Canadian oil sands.
1) The document discusses smarter asset management strategies for renewable energy projects across their lifecycle, from planning and design through operation and maintenance.
2) Advanced analytics tools are highlighted that can optimize wind farm design and placement to increase efficiency. Remote monitoring technologies allow issues to be identified before failures occur.
3) Case studies show how data-driven approaches have reduced response times, improved accuracy in turbine placement, and increased revenue through condition-based maintenance.
Southern Company is a large energy company that generates electricity primarily from coal and natural gas. It is working to transition its fleet to use cleaner technologies through various research and demonstration projects focused on carbon capture, utilization, storage and transportation (CCUS). Key projects include the National Carbon Capture Center for testing CCUS technologies, the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) Plant Ratcliffe with carbon capture, and the Plant Barry CCS demonstration project to capture, transport and store carbon dioxide underground. Southern Company conducts applied research through these projects and collaborations to develop solutions for reducing emissions from coal use.
wind power costing 27 nov 2012 at the Energy Talk, LondonMichael Taylor
The document discusses declining costs of wind power based on a report from IRENA. It finds that wind power costs have dramatically decreased, with onshore wind now competitive with fossil fuels in many countries. Further cost reductions are expected as turbine prices decline and operations and maintenance costs are optimized. While wind power is increasingly affordable, continued policy support may still be needed for efficient renewable energy development. Overall, renewable energy costs are falling faster than expected, posing challenges but also opportunities to shift policy focus.
The document discusses opportunities for nuclear suppliers in the Tennessee Valley region. It notes increasing demand for energy and plans to meet that demand through building new nuclear plants and conserving energy. The region has major nuclear projects underway and offers a skilled nuclear workforce, research institutions like ORNL, and a central US location near transportation routes. The Tennessee Valley Nuclear Energy Consortium (TVNEC) aims to promote nuclear industry growth and develop ultra-heavy forging capabilities in the region. TVNEC also works with regional suppliers, utilities, and government agencies like DOE to bridge gaps and create opportunities for building new nuclear plants.
Perspectives on Energy Efficiency Opportunities and Strategies:Technology an...Alliance To Save Energy
On September 14, Executive Vice President for Programs Brian Castelli keynoted the Riso International Energy Conference 2009 at the Technical University of Denmark, where he addressed the role of energy efficiency in reducing greenhouse gases (GHG).
Summit Power Group is a developer of clean energy projects including carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies. Sasha Mackler discussed Summit's focus on developing CCS projects to provide CO2 for enhanced oil recovery and produce low-carbon electricity. Mackler outlined two of Summit's major CCS projects - the Texas Clean Energy Project, a coal gasification facility that will capture 3 million tons of CO2 per year, and the Captain Clean Energy Project in the UK, which will capture over 3.8 million tons of CO2 per year from an integrated gasification combined cycle facility. Mackler noted that while CCS technologies are commercially viable, successful large-scale projects are still needed to demonstrate the business case for implementing C
Willbros Group at D.A. Davidson's 11th Annual Engineering & Construction Con...Willbros Group, Inc.
Willbros Group is an engineering and construction company that provides services to the oil, gas, and power industries. The presentation discusses Willbros' history, business segments, growth opportunities in areas like utility transmission and Canadian oil sands production, and financial overview. It notes recent accomplishments like debt reduction and a focus on improving underperforming business units. The presentation aims to position Willbros for future success by capitalizing on opportunities in growing energy infrastructure markets in North America.
Willbros Group presented at the D.A. Davidson 10th Annual Engineering & Construction Conference on September 21, 2011. The presentation provided an overview of Willbros, including its history, services, markets, growth opportunities in utility transmission and distribution and oil and gas infrastructure, financial position, and valuation relative to peers. Willbros aims to improve profitability and reduce debt while capitalizing on investment in energy infrastructure including electricity transmission, pipelines, and Canadian oil sands.
1) The document discusses smarter asset management strategies for renewable energy projects across their lifecycle, from planning and design through operation and maintenance.
2) Advanced analytics tools are highlighted that can optimize wind farm design and placement to increase efficiency. Remote monitoring technologies allow issues to be identified before failures occur.
3) Case studies show how data-driven approaches have reduced response times, improved accuracy in turbine placement, and increased revenue through condition-based maintenance.
Southern Company is a large energy company that generates electricity primarily from coal and natural gas. It is working to transition its fleet to use cleaner technologies through various research and demonstration projects focused on carbon capture, utilization, storage and transportation (CCUS). Key projects include the National Carbon Capture Center for testing CCUS technologies, the integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) Plant Ratcliffe with carbon capture, and the Plant Barry CCS demonstration project to capture, transport and store carbon dioxide underground. Southern Company conducts applied research through these projects and collaborations to develop solutions for reducing emissions from coal use.
CRIF and CEF Report: Key issues and emerging action planscrifcambs
The document discusses progress on the Cambridgeshire Renewables Infrastructure Framework (CRIF) project and Community Energy Fund (CEF). It provides an overview of the CRIF project which aims to identify opportunities for renewable energy development and investment in Cambridgeshire. It also discusses the potential for a CEF to help developers meet carbon reduction obligations and fund local energy projects. Key issues discussed include adopting the CRIF evidence base to support renewable energy planning, engaging stakeholders in action plans, capacity building needs, and determining the appropriate geographic scale for a CEF. The steering group is asked to note project progress and provide input on the strategic framework and key issues.
CEF stage 2 final report Executive Summarycrifcambs
The document summarizes a report on establishing a Community Energy Fund (CEF) in Cambridgeshire, England. It finds that a CEF could generate £55 million by 2026 from developer payments for carbon offset projects. It recommends a company limited by guarantee structure for the CEF and notes legal questions around governance. Collection mechanisms for payments need to be designed to work with the UK's evolving zero carbon policy for new buildings.
Testing and evaluating electrified vehicles presents various challenges. Dynamometer testing allows for repeatable evaluation of vehicle efficiency and emissions in a controlled environment. Different types of electrified vehicles, such as hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and battery electric vehicles, can be benchmarked using standardized drive cycles and comprehensive instrumentation. The degree of hybridization impacts potential fuel efficiency gains. Idle stop systems show varying fuel savings depending on the certification cycle used.
Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) in Pakistan deployed an innovative geographic information system (GIS) running on an IBM POWER7-based system to improve its ability to track supply and demand patterns for natural gas. The solution overlays digital maps with operational and financial data, enabling SSGC to visualize and analyze data geospatially. This provides better insight into issues like gas leakages and unaccounted-for gas. The new system using IBM Cognos software replaced outdated paper maps and manual reporting, allowing SSGC to more efficiently match supply and demand.
Notes crif community workshop on 18th octobercrifcambs
The document summarizes a community workshop on renewable energy projects in Cambridgeshire. It discusses the need to understand local energy demand and generation options. Attendees asked how community decisions will be made. Examples were presented of existing community renewable projects providing benefits. Communities likely face challenges in leadership, technical advice, and maintenance. Connecting communities and choosing reputable suppliers were suggested to help develop more projects. Representatives shared ideas for potential new projects in various locations and technologies. Project ownership levels depend on scale and technology, and partnerships may help address limited community leadership capacity. Clear long-term incentives, community awareness, utility partnerships, and learning from other communities' experiences could help more projects be developed and delivered.
1. The document provides a summary of Ayan Shubhro Ganguly's work experience in energy conservation projects, including energy audits, feasibility studies, and project implementation and monitoring.
2. Key projects include decentralized energy generation in Meghalaya, a solar city project in Hamirpur, an energy efficiency cluster for sponge iron units in Rourkela, and municipal demand side management audits in several cities.
3. Responsibilities have included preparing checklists, conducting field studies, analyzing energy use data, drafting reports, and communicating with clients and vendors.
Managing Smart Grids, Power System Networks with Analytics HIMADRI BANERJI
The document discusses overcoming constraints and challenges in power system management and network growth through the use of big data. It covers topics such as determining strategies for expanding generation, transmission, and distribution systems; supplying load forecasts; evolving technologies; and assimilating renewable energy sources into network topology and modeling. The document also discusses using big data for management of smart grids and the challenges of ensuring security of electricity supply with increasing reliance on variable renewable power sources.
Este documento resume el cálculo del aumento salarial del 30% para los 10 empleados del Hotel Escuela La Casa Lojano para el primer semestre del 2010. Se muestra el nombre, apellido, ciudad, sueldo original, aumento y nuevo saldo de cada empleado. El empleado con el sueldo más alto era Zapatero Murillo con $3,640 y el más bajo era Altamirano Rojas con $383.96.
NWSArchitects designed a 400,000 square foot, 4 story corporate headquarters for Dean Witter / Morgan Stanley in West Valley City, Utah. The project architect was Charles Ytzen. The document provides brief information about a commercial building project for Dean Witter / Morgan Stanley consisting of a 400,000 square foot, 4 story corporate headquarters designed by NWSArchitects in West Valley City, Utah.
The proposal aims to improve medication management for elderly patients living at home through a new "talkback" system. It would systematically check patient understanding of medications at every healthcare interaction. Key activities include developing guidance, testing in a pilot, training staff across community pharmacy, GP, hospital pharmacy, nursing, and social care. Successful outcomes include increased patient self-management skills, independence, and reduced waste and errors. Risks include not identifying cognitive impairment, poor communication between organizations, and costs being uncertain.
El documento resume el mito griego de Diana y Acteón. Diana, la diosa de la caza, es vista desnuda bañándose por el joven cazador Acteón, lo cual es un tabú. Como castigo, Diana lo transforma en un ciervo y sus propios perros de caza lo despedazan, creyendo que es su presa. El documento también menciona un poema sobre este mito escrito por Francisco de Quevedo y una adaptación del mito en forma de ballet.
OHL LOGRA UN NUEVO CONTRATO EN EE.UU. POR MÁS DE 100 MILLONES DE EUROSOHL_Mexico
El tramo está próximo al intercambiador de las autopistas 826/836, el más importante de Miami y una de las mayores obras públicas de Florida, que construye OHL.
The document proposes a marketing campaign to introduce Alverno College's new Tumblr account called "Alverno Alignment BetaTumblr". The campaign is designed to connect and engage current students, alumnae, faculty, community members and potential students. It will use the theme of "Alverno Alignment: Body, Mind, and Heart" to tie together the college's motto of "in holiness and learning". The campaign will utilize various social media platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram and Twitter to promote the new Tumblr account and increase awareness of the college. An infographic will also be created to showcase how Tumblr can benefit Alverno's target audiences.
Tony Jones exhibited excellent skills, experience, and leadership abilities during his tenure. He adapted quickly to change, produced results, and inspired his team to extraordinary success with his vast knowledge and management abilities. Terra Carman recommends Tony without hesitation as an ideal leader who will be an invaluable asset to any organization looking to successfully drive their operational department.
The document discusses modifying control properties in forms. It explains that every part of a form has properties that determine its appearance and data specifications. These properties can be modified for the entire form, sections of the form, or individual controls using the property sheet, which is a dialog box listing all available properties. The property sheet is accessed by double-clicking the relevant part of the form. Many properties can also be modified using buttons on the Form Design toolbar. Controls must be selected before modifying their properties, which is done by clicking the control so selection handles appear.
La tesis analiza dos sentencias penales emitidas en primera y segunda instancia. En la primera instancia, se cuestionó la pena y reparación civil impuesta. El análisis de las sentencias incluyó identificar las partes expositiva, considerativa y resolutiva, y comparar si cumplen con parámetros como introducción, posturas de las partes, y motivación de los hechos, derecho, pena y reparación civil. En general, se encontró que ambas sentencias cumplen con la estructura requerida y motivan adecuadamente sus decisiones. Sin
Controls can be added to customize reports in Access. There are bound controls connected to underlying data sources and unbound controls not connected. Reports have sections like the Detail section showing data, the page header at the top of each page, and the page footer at the bottom of each page. Additional sections include the report header, report footer, group headers, and group footers to further organize report content.
Building and Using Personal Brands with Social MediaTai Tran
This document discusses building and using a personal brand through social media. It addresses three main questions: What social media is and how it can be used as a tool; Why someone should use social media to build their personal brand; and How to do so effectively. Some key points discussed include using social media to gain brand recognition, curating the information you publish, interacting with others in an approachable style, and persisting with social media over time for the purpose of networking, collaboration opportunities, and career development. The overall aim of using personal branding on social media is to create value for both yourself and society.
Indicadores Fundamentales de OHL crecen a doble dígito en el primer trimestre...OHL_Mexico
OHL México, uno de los principales operadores en el sector privado de concesiones en infraestructura de transporte, anuncia sus resultados del primer trimestre del 2016.
CRIF and CEF Report: Key issues and emerging action planscrifcambs
The document discusses progress on the Cambridgeshire Renewables Infrastructure Framework (CRIF) project and Community Energy Fund (CEF). It provides an overview of the CRIF project which aims to identify opportunities for renewable energy development and investment in Cambridgeshire. It also discusses the potential for a CEF to help developers meet carbon reduction obligations and fund local energy projects. Key issues discussed include adopting the CRIF evidence base to support renewable energy planning, engaging stakeholders in action plans, capacity building needs, and determining the appropriate geographic scale for a CEF. The steering group is asked to note project progress and provide input on the strategic framework and key issues.
CEF stage 2 final report Executive Summarycrifcambs
The document summarizes a report on establishing a Community Energy Fund (CEF) in Cambridgeshire, England. It finds that a CEF could generate £55 million by 2026 from developer payments for carbon offset projects. It recommends a company limited by guarantee structure for the CEF and notes legal questions around governance. Collection mechanisms for payments need to be designed to work with the UK's evolving zero carbon policy for new buildings.
Testing and evaluating electrified vehicles presents various challenges. Dynamometer testing allows for repeatable evaluation of vehicle efficiency and emissions in a controlled environment. Different types of electrified vehicles, such as hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and battery electric vehicles, can be benchmarked using standardized drive cycles and comprehensive instrumentation. The degree of hybridization impacts potential fuel efficiency gains. Idle stop systems show varying fuel savings depending on the certification cycle used.
Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) in Pakistan deployed an innovative geographic information system (GIS) running on an IBM POWER7-based system to improve its ability to track supply and demand patterns for natural gas. The solution overlays digital maps with operational and financial data, enabling SSGC to visualize and analyze data geospatially. This provides better insight into issues like gas leakages and unaccounted-for gas. The new system using IBM Cognos software replaced outdated paper maps and manual reporting, allowing SSGC to more efficiently match supply and demand.
Notes crif community workshop on 18th octobercrifcambs
The document summarizes a community workshop on renewable energy projects in Cambridgeshire. It discusses the need to understand local energy demand and generation options. Attendees asked how community decisions will be made. Examples were presented of existing community renewable projects providing benefits. Communities likely face challenges in leadership, technical advice, and maintenance. Connecting communities and choosing reputable suppliers were suggested to help develop more projects. Representatives shared ideas for potential new projects in various locations and technologies. Project ownership levels depend on scale and technology, and partnerships may help address limited community leadership capacity. Clear long-term incentives, community awareness, utility partnerships, and learning from other communities' experiences could help more projects be developed and delivered.
1. The document provides a summary of Ayan Shubhro Ganguly's work experience in energy conservation projects, including energy audits, feasibility studies, and project implementation and monitoring.
2. Key projects include decentralized energy generation in Meghalaya, a solar city project in Hamirpur, an energy efficiency cluster for sponge iron units in Rourkela, and municipal demand side management audits in several cities.
3. Responsibilities have included preparing checklists, conducting field studies, analyzing energy use data, drafting reports, and communicating with clients and vendors.
Managing Smart Grids, Power System Networks with Analytics HIMADRI BANERJI
The document discusses overcoming constraints and challenges in power system management and network growth through the use of big data. It covers topics such as determining strategies for expanding generation, transmission, and distribution systems; supplying load forecasts; evolving technologies; and assimilating renewable energy sources into network topology and modeling. The document also discusses using big data for management of smart grids and the challenges of ensuring security of electricity supply with increasing reliance on variable renewable power sources.
Este documento resume el cálculo del aumento salarial del 30% para los 10 empleados del Hotel Escuela La Casa Lojano para el primer semestre del 2010. Se muestra el nombre, apellido, ciudad, sueldo original, aumento y nuevo saldo de cada empleado. El empleado con el sueldo más alto era Zapatero Murillo con $3,640 y el más bajo era Altamirano Rojas con $383.96.
NWSArchitects designed a 400,000 square foot, 4 story corporate headquarters for Dean Witter / Morgan Stanley in West Valley City, Utah. The project architect was Charles Ytzen. The document provides brief information about a commercial building project for Dean Witter / Morgan Stanley consisting of a 400,000 square foot, 4 story corporate headquarters designed by NWSArchitects in West Valley City, Utah.
The proposal aims to improve medication management for elderly patients living at home through a new "talkback" system. It would systematically check patient understanding of medications at every healthcare interaction. Key activities include developing guidance, testing in a pilot, training staff across community pharmacy, GP, hospital pharmacy, nursing, and social care. Successful outcomes include increased patient self-management skills, independence, and reduced waste and errors. Risks include not identifying cognitive impairment, poor communication between organizations, and costs being uncertain.
El documento resume el mito griego de Diana y Acteón. Diana, la diosa de la caza, es vista desnuda bañándose por el joven cazador Acteón, lo cual es un tabú. Como castigo, Diana lo transforma en un ciervo y sus propios perros de caza lo despedazan, creyendo que es su presa. El documento también menciona un poema sobre este mito escrito por Francisco de Quevedo y una adaptación del mito en forma de ballet.
OHL LOGRA UN NUEVO CONTRATO EN EE.UU. POR MÁS DE 100 MILLONES DE EUROSOHL_Mexico
El tramo está próximo al intercambiador de las autopistas 826/836, el más importante de Miami y una de las mayores obras públicas de Florida, que construye OHL.
The document proposes a marketing campaign to introduce Alverno College's new Tumblr account called "Alverno Alignment BetaTumblr". The campaign is designed to connect and engage current students, alumnae, faculty, community members and potential students. It will use the theme of "Alverno Alignment: Body, Mind, and Heart" to tie together the college's motto of "in holiness and learning". The campaign will utilize various social media platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Instagram and Twitter to promote the new Tumblr account and increase awareness of the college. An infographic will also be created to showcase how Tumblr can benefit Alverno's target audiences.
Tony Jones exhibited excellent skills, experience, and leadership abilities during his tenure. He adapted quickly to change, produced results, and inspired his team to extraordinary success with his vast knowledge and management abilities. Terra Carman recommends Tony without hesitation as an ideal leader who will be an invaluable asset to any organization looking to successfully drive their operational department.
The document discusses modifying control properties in forms. It explains that every part of a form has properties that determine its appearance and data specifications. These properties can be modified for the entire form, sections of the form, or individual controls using the property sheet, which is a dialog box listing all available properties. The property sheet is accessed by double-clicking the relevant part of the form. Many properties can also be modified using buttons on the Form Design toolbar. Controls must be selected before modifying their properties, which is done by clicking the control so selection handles appear.
La tesis analiza dos sentencias penales emitidas en primera y segunda instancia. En la primera instancia, se cuestionó la pena y reparación civil impuesta. El análisis de las sentencias incluyó identificar las partes expositiva, considerativa y resolutiva, y comparar si cumplen con parámetros como introducción, posturas de las partes, y motivación de los hechos, derecho, pena y reparación civil. En general, se encontró que ambas sentencias cumplen con la estructura requerida y motivan adecuadamente sus decisiones. Sin
Controls can be added to customize reports in Access. There are bound controls connected to underlying data sources and unbound controls not connected. Reports have sections like the Detail section showing data, the page header at the top of each page, and the page footer at the bottom of each page. Additional sections include the report header, report footer, group headers, and group footers to further organize report content.
Building and Using Personal Brands with Social MediaTai Tran
This document discusses building and using a personal brand through social media. It addresses three main questions: What social media is and how it can be used as a tool; Why someone should use social media to build their personal brand; and How to do so effectively. Some key points discussed include using social media to gain brand recognition, curating the information you publish, interacting with others in an approachable style, and persisting with social media over time for the purpose of networking, collaboration opportunities, and career development. The overall aim of using personal branding on social media is to create value for both yourself and society.
Indicadores Fundamentales de OHL crecen a doble dígito en el primer trimestre...OHL_Mexico
OHL México, uno de los principales operadores en el sector privado de concesiones en infraestructura de transporte, anuncia sus resultados del primer trimestre del 2016.
1. The document discusses key quality indicators (KQIs) and quality of experience (QoE) metrics for evaluating network performance from the end user perspective.
2. KQIs measure specific parts of the network system but don't necessarily impact user experience, while QoEs are calculated from performance metrics and indicate macro-level user perception.
3. The document lists examples of KQIs and QoEs including session setup success rates, throughput measures, latency, and abnormal call release rates.
El documento habla sobre maxiterminos y miniterminos en funciones lógicas. Explica que los maxiterminos son términos de suma que contienen todas las variables de una función, ya sea en su forma normal o complementada. También discute cómo elegir entre usar miniterminos o maxiterminos dependiendo de si se desea usar la forma SOP, POS o canónica de una función.
This document summarizes research on the sources and reactions of volatiles in Icelandic thermal fluids. Volatiles like hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, sulfur, chlorine and fluorine were sampled from hot springs, fumaroles and wells near Hekla volcano in Iceland. Isotopic analyses found three sources of sulfur - meteoric water, water-rock interactions, and seawater mixing. Carbon dioxide was primarily from fluid-rock interactions and mantle input. Helium isotopes indicated both mantle and early Earth sources. The goal was to use isotopes to understand the sources and reactions of volatiles in Icelandic geothermal systems.
The Tectonic and Metallogenic Framework of Myanmar: A Tethyan mineral systemMYO AUNG Myanmar
Article in Ore Geology Reviews · April 2016
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301758202_The_tectonic_and_metallogenic_framework_of_Myanmar_A_Tethyan_mineral_system
1st Nicholas Gardiner
18.94 · Curtin University
2nd Laurence Robb
34.91 · University of Oxford
+ 5
3rd Christopher K. Morley
40.58 · Chiang Mai University
Last Tin Aung Myint
Abstract
Myanmar is perhaps one of the world's most prospective but least explored minerals jurisdictions, containing important known deposits of tin, tungsten, copper, gold, zinc, lead, nickel, silver, jade and gemstones. A scarcity of recent geological mapping available in published form, coupled with an unfavourable political climate, has resulted in the fact that, although characterized by several world-class deposits, the nation's mineral resource sector is underdeveloped. As well as representing a potential new search space for a range of commodities, many of Myanmar's known existing mineral deposits remain highly prospective. Myanmar lies at a crucial geologic juncture, immediately south of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, however it remains geologically enigmatic. Its Mesozoic-Recent geological history is dominated by several orogenic events representing the closing of the Tethys Ocean. We present new zircon U-Pb age data related to several styles of mineralization within Myanmar. We outline a tectonic model for Myanmar from the Late Cretaceous onwards, and document nine major mineralization styles representing a range of commodities found within the country. We propose a metallogenetic model that places the genesis of many of these metallotects within the framework of the subduction and suturing of Neo-Tethys and the subsequent Himalayan Orogeny. Temporal overlap of favourable conditions for the formation of particular deposit types during orogenic progression permits the genesis of differing metallotects during the same orogenic event. We suggest the evolution of these favourable conditions and resulting genesis of much of Myanmar's mineral deposits, represents a single, evolving, mineral system: the subduction and suturing of Neo-Tethys.
The GEISER project aimed to understand induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs and propose guidelines to mitigate risks. It studied why seismicity occurs in some cases but not others, assessed seismic hazards based on geology and location, and investigated "soft stimulation" strategies. The project analyzed induced seismicity data, reservoir geomechanics and processes, seismic hazards and risks, and mitigation strategies. Results from Icelandic geothermal sites like Hengill, Krafla, and Húsmúli informed recommendations to Iceland's National Energy Authority for research and operation permits that balance seismic risks with geothermal utilization.
The Practical Potential for Gas Power with CCS in Europe in 2030 - Final Tech...GreenAllianceUK
This document provides an appendix describing the methodology and inputs used to model the practical potential for gas power with carbon capture and storage (CCS) in Europe in 2030. The modeling adapts existing models to assess capture readiness, CO2 storage feasibility, and transport solutions. Projections of gas capacity and generation in 2030 from the European Climate Foundation are used to extrapolate the distribution of the gas power plant fleet by country. Key inputs include the gas capacity and generation projections, criteria for determining capture-ready plants, and theoretical CO2 storage capacities from literature. The modeling methodology incorporates matching capture-ready plants to suitable storage locations based on distance and available storage capacity.
This document discusses optimizing supply chains with Neo4j graph databases. It notes that supply chains have complex relationships that are naturally modeled as graphs. It promotes Neo4j's graph database, tools, and algorithms for building digital twins of supply chains for purposes like visibility, optimization, and calculating scope 3 carbon emissions. Examples are given of companies using Neo4j for supply chain applications like routing, asset management, and equipment maintenance.
The Status of CCS 2011 Report - Victor Der - Global CCS Institute – Nov 2011 ...Global CCS Institute
The document summarizes a report from the Global CCS Institute on the status of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects in 2011. It finds that most CCS projects are concentrated in power generation in the United States and Europe. While some governments provided stimulus funding, economic conditions remained challenging for CCS. The report identifies regulatory uncertainty and the need for improved public engagement as issues. It also outlines nine targeted reports the Institute plans to produce on topics like CCS technology, transportation, and funding programs.
Energy, Industry, and Economy Models, Submodules, and LinkagesIEA-ETSAP
This document provides an overview of energy system models and their linkages used at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). It describes:
1) Long-term forecasting models like FINITO (fuels/industry), ReEDS (electricity sector), and SLiDE (economy) as well as supporting models.
2) Key components and capabilities of ReEDS, FINITO, and SLiDE including spatial and technological resolution, publicly available access, and preliminary results.
3) Opportunities for further linking the models to analyze decarbonization of industry and the energy system under policies like the Inflation Reduction Act through pathways for hydrogen and carbon capture utilization and storage
The document outlines the proposed structure and purpose of a gas development master plan model for Indonesia. The model will integrate inputs from other parts of the study to analyze alternative scenarios and provide various output indicators to policymakers. It will take into account factors like supply, demand, price projections, investment projects and assess total costs and impacts. The model aims to help develop policies to achieve desired outcomes and support Indonesia's gas development goals over the long term out to 2050.
This document discusses the status of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects globally based on a 2011 report. It notes that most CCS projects are concentrated in North America and Europe and focused on power generation. Two power projects using different CCS technologies are currently under construction but receiving government funding. Making the business case for CCS projects remains a challenge without government support or revenues from enhanced oil recovery. The document advocates for more collaboration between government and industry to advance additional CCS projects.
Presentation from the EPRI-Sandia Symposium on Secure and Resilient Microgrids: Concordville Microgrid, presented by Eric Stein, Travis White, George Sey, PECO, Baltimore, MD, August 29-31, 2016.
Techno-economic assessment and global sensitivity analysis for biomass-based CO2 capture storage and utilisation (CCSU) technologies - presentation by Maria Botero in the Biomass CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
This document summarizes an International Smart Grids Action Network (ISGAN) presentation on achievements and challenges. ISGAN facilitates knowledge sharing and technical assistance between countries to accelerate smart grid development globally. It sponsors activities to further deployment and address knowledge gaps. The presentation outlines ISGAN's program of work, including case studies of smart grid projects and cost-benefit analyses, as well as its Smart Grids International Research Facilities Network to enable collaborative testing.
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05 pershad ee_ccsc_cambridge - Early careers winter school, 9-12th January 2012, University of Cambridge
1. CO2 Transport for CCS:
Global Potential &
Local Challenges
UKCCSC Winter School
10th January 2012
Harsh Pershad
Element Energy Limited
www.element-energy.co.uk
2. Introducing Element Energy
Independent, impartial, UK-based low carbon energy technology consultancy.
Mission is to help our clients make a successful transition to the low carbon
economy.
Clients include oil and gas majors, power companies, technology developers,
national Governments, IEA, regional/local government, regulators, trade
associations and NGOs.
Use our expertise in appraising low carbon technologies, markets, business
models, and regulations, to developing strategies for successful technology
deployment.
Majority (>75%) of work is repeat business from satisfied customers.
Technologies covered include CCS, hydrogen, fuel cells, low carbon transport, low
carbon buildings, energy masterplanning, energy efficiency, CHP, small scale
renewables, microgeneration. 2
3. Element Energy is a leading low carbon energy
consultancy offering services spanning from strategy
development to high end engineering solutions
Low carbon
power
We operate in three Low carbon transport generation
Low carbon buildings
main sectors
• EV scoping • Master planning • Carbon capture
• H2 vehicles • Building design and storage
• Infrastructure modelling • Policy advice • Renewables
• Business planning • Regional strategy • Microgeneration
• Techno-economics
• Feasibility studies
• Geographic data
We offer three main Strategy Engineering
Due
services to our clients diligence & Policy Solutions
• Technology assessments • Scenario planning • CFD
• Market assessments • Techno-economic modelling • Software tools
• Financial modelling • Business planning • Prototyping
• Commercialisation advice • Stakeholder engagement • Installations
3
4. Element Energy’s CCS expertise
Element Energy helps organisations and consortia to develop and implement their CCS
strategies based on:
Quantitative asset-wide assessment of CCS potential.
Understanding of technology requirements, cost and performance, policy and
regulatory frameworks, and business models for capture, transport, and storage.
Projects include:
Asset-wide analysis and CCS strategy (Multinational oil and gas company)
Financial Analysis of a CCS Network (Public/private)
The Economics of CO2 Storage (Public/private)
CO2 pipelines: An analysis of global opportunities and challenges (IEA)
CCS in the gas-fired power and industrial sectors (CCC)
Global economic potential for CCS in depleted gasfields (IEA)
4
Regional infrastructure roadmap development
5. Outline
• Global CO2 pipeline potential
• North Sea CO2 transport scenarios
• Case study – developing a network in the Tees Valley
5
6. Study on CO2 pipeline infrastructure: analysis of
global challenges and opportunities
Review of engineering challenges,
legal and regulatory issues.
Experience from investment and
regulation in the oil and gas pipeline
industries.
Quantitative modelling of global
pipeline potential in 2030 and 2050,
based on global databases of
sources, sinks and CCS demand
Funded by IEA Greenhouse Gas
R&D Programme.
6 6
7. How well are emitters and storage matched
globally?
Inputs Modelling
Global sinks database Terrain
Outputs
weighting
Global sources Maps of
database Source-sink
source sink
matching and
Global CCS demand matches
scoring
database algorithms Costs and
Global terrain capacities of
Integrated
database point-to-point
network
and integrated
Existing pipeline maps models
pipelines
Pipeline cost database Cost and
Sensitivity
sizing
Sizing database analysis
algorithms
7 7
8. Starting point was generating databases of sources
and storage sites.
8 8
9. For aquifers, there are no consistent global datasets,
therefore need to work with published data.
9 9
10. Also need estimates of CCS demand from global
economic, energy system, CO2 and climate
modelling.
N.B. These
models change
every year!
10 10
11. Pipeline costs depend primarily on diameters,
lengths, terrain, boosting requirements, location and
overall engineering cost indices.
11
12. The scores for emitters store combinatins can then be calculated,
and for each country the highest scoring projects (based on
transport considerations) can be depicted.
It is possible to meet IEA’s
projection of US total CCS
demand of 500 Mt CO2/year
in 2030 using short pipelines
crossing straightforward
terrains.
12 12
13. Towards 2050, it will
become increasingly
challenging to meet the
IEA’s projection of US total
CCS demand of 770 Mt
CO2/year.
Longer or integrated
pipelines crossing difficult
terrains would be
increasingly required.
13 13
14. Source-sink matching can check projections for CCS and
highlight where capture readiness policy and storage
appraisal should be prioritised.
Ability to meet Blue Ability to meet Blue Importance of Importance of
Cost effectiveness of Cost effectiveness of
Map Demand in Map Demand in aquifer storage in aquifer storage in
new pipelines new pipelines
2030 under baseline 2050 under baseline 2030 wrt baseline 2050 wrt baseline
required for 2030 required for 2050
scenario scenario scenario scenario
Region
Africa High Low Low Low Low High
Australasia High Low Moderate Low High High
Central + High Low Moderate Low Low Moderate
South America
China Moderate Low High Moderate High Very High
Eastern
Europe Low Very Low Moderate Low High Very High
CIS High Moderate Moderate Moderate Very Low Very Low
India High Very Low High Low High Very High
Japan Moderate Very Low Moderate Low Very High Very High
Middle East Very High Low Moderate Moderate Very Low Low
Other Dev
Asia Very High Very Low Moderate Low Low Moderate
USA Very High Moderate Very High Very High High Very High
Western
Europe Very High Low Very High Moderate Low Very High
14
15. Worldwide regions differ substantially in the cost
effectiveness of CO2 pipeline networks.
15 15
16. Where there are multiple sources (and/or sinks)
options for integrated infrastructure may provide
multiple benefits.
16 16
19. Permitting transport links is high risk and timescales
can last more than a decade, so integrated pipelines
minimise the need to for multiple large projects.
Also, 1000 km gas
pipelines (e.g.
Nordstream) have taken
14 years from concept
to commissioning).
19
20. If CCS is well planned, phased investment over two
decades can support rapid growth later when
conditions favour large CCS uptake.
20
21. Outline
• Global CO2 pipeline potential
• North Sea CO2 transport scenarios
• Case study – developing a network in the Tees Valley
21
22. Industry and countries around the North Sea have
made efforts to develop CCS, providing a useful
case study of issues for basin-scale networks.
Element Energy led a quantitative analysis of
capture, transport and storage scenarios
Included engagement with more than 60
stakeholders.
Started in September 2009, completed
March 2010.
‘One North Sea’ Report available at
www.element-energy.co.uk
Funded by UK Foreign and Commonwealth
Office and Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum
and Energy, on behalf of the North Sea Basin
Task Force.
22 22
23. Numerous transport networks have been proposed
CO2 networks for the North Sea region to take
advantage of the clustering of sources and sinks.
Different countries and industries
have different priorities (and time
horizons) which influence the level to
which they optimise by ‘future-
proofing’ investments – there is no
‘unique’ answer as to what is the
‘right’ network.
23
24. Large uncertainties in the locations, timing,
capacity, designs and economics of CCS projects
challenge both policymakers and industry.
Capture uncertainties Transport uncertainties Storage uncertainties
CO2 caps? Point-to-point or integrated Aquifer viability?
Renewables/nuclear infrastructure? Hydrocarbon field
contribution? Cross-border projects? storage?
Commodity prices? Pipeline reuse? Onshore storage?
CCS cost reduction? Shipping? Enhanced oil recovery?
Industrial sources (carbon Site-specific issues? Site-specific issues?
leakage)?
Power demand?
Efficiency improvements?
Site-specific issues?
Many alternative scenarios for CCS deployment
(examined through quantitative modelling
supplemented with lit. and stakeholder review) 24 24
25. To understand the requirements for North Sea CCS
infrastructure in 2030, we developed a number of
CCS scenarios.
Scenario CCS demand drivers Transport drivers Storage drivers
Tight CO2 caps
Substantial CCS cost reductions
CCS efficiency improvements Integrated
High power demand infrastructure
Unrestricted – all sinks
Very High CCS mandatory for new build
available for storage
Moderate renewables Cross-border pipelines
Limited new nuclear allowed
Low gas prices
CCS from industrial sources
Moderate CO2 caps
Moderate CCS cost reductions and Point-to point (up to
efficiency improvements 2030). No onshore storage
Medium
No increase in power demand No cross-border permitted.
High renewables and nuclear transport before 2050. Aquifer storage limited
No industrial sources
Unfavourable e.g. Combination of weak
Transport investment
Low CO2 caps, CCS cost increases, no CCS Very low availability
restricted
policies.
25 25
26. Three scenarios encapsulate extremes and most likely
CCS development scenarios for the North Sea region.
Opportunity?
Mt CO2 Leadership, co-operation and
stored/year in the 450 Mt/yr in investment by Governments,
EU, industry and others, to
North Sea region 2050
Very stimulate CCS demonstration
and deployment.
High
More likely?
Fragmented CCS activity.
Limited support beyond
demonstration (except CO2
273 Mt/yr in price).
2030 Restricted transport and
Medium storage.
Possible worst case?
30 Mt/yr in ca. 46 Mt/yr Unsuccessful demonstration.
2020 in 2030 Failure to support
Low deployment.
Poor economic conditions
and regulations
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Year Higher costs for CCS.
26
27. With optimistic developments in technology,
policies, organisation, social acceptance, CCS could
provide ca. 10% of European abatement in 2030.
273 Mt CO2/yr
27 27
28. However, with limited support and technology
development, CCS deployment in 2030 could be
limited to only a few simple projects.
46 Mt CO2/yr
28 28
29. Decisions on investment must be made in the context
of very large uncertainty as to eventual use.
Number of new Number of sinks New pipeline km Total Mt
sources in 2030 in 2030 required in 2030 CO2/year
100 required in 2030
40 5000 300
50 200
20 2500
100
0 0 0 0
29 29
30. Very high CCS deployment could bring significant
economies of scale in transport costs.
Marginal transport cost curve for 'Medium' and 'Very High' scenarios
6
5
Very High
Pipeline net present cost
(integrated)
4
€/tCO2
3
2 Medium scenario
1
0
0 100 200 300
Mt CO2/year transported in 2030
Cost represent the capital cost and operating costs (discounted at 10% over 30 years)
for new pipelines constructed in 2030.
Costs exclude financing, capture, compression, boosting or storage.
30 30
31. A combination of favourable drivers are required
to meet the highest demands (e.g. IEA roadmap
CCS demands).
31
32. Overcoming the barriers to large scale CCS
deployment by 2030 requires leadership and co-
operation.
Major investment in low carbon energy technologies (e.g. renewables) has been
achieved through a combination of :
Robust, substantial and long term economic incentives
Successful demonstration at intermediate scale
Confirmation on (large) resource availability and locations
Solving interdependencies within the value chain
Clarity on regulations
Some degree of standardisation to reduce transaction costs
Political and public support.
32 32
33. Delivering large scale CCS infrastructure
requires action at global and European levels.
Actions at global level
Worldwide agreement on CO2 emissions limits
Operational experience with capture and storage at scale, through safe and
timely demonstration projects.
Reducing the costs of CCS through improving technologies, standardising, and
efficient designs.
Improved guidelines on capacity and suitability of storage.
Engagement with the public and NGOs.
Additional actions at European level
Improve the quality of information on storage available.
Introduce measures that promote CCS beyond first wave of demonstration.
Set up supportive national regulatory structures for storage developers.
33 33
34. Delivering large scale transport and storage
infrastructure in the North Sea requires the co-
operation of regional stakeholders.
Actions for North Sea stakeholders
A shared, transparent and independent storage assessment involving
stakeholders to improve confidence in storage estimates.
Reduce uncertainties through sharing information on technologies, policies,
infrastructure, regulations, costs and challenges.
Take advantages of ‘no-regrets’ opportunities, such as capture readiness and re-
use of existing data and infrastructure where possible.
Improve stakeholder organisation to ensure infrastructure is efficiently designed,
located and delivered.
Develop frameworks for cross-border transport and storage to reduce the risks
for individual countries.
Determine how site stewardship should be transferred between hydrocarbon
extraction, Government and CO2 storage operators. 34 34
35. Outline
• Global CO2 pipeline potential
• North Sea CO2 transport scenarios
• Case study – developing a network in the Tees Valley
35
37. The North East is the most carbon intensive region
of the UK economy.
70 900
Other Emissions
35%
Industry and power sector emissions
800
60 44% tCO2 per £M Gross Value Added (GVA)
767
Percent emissions from industry and 700
Emission per GVA (tCO2/£million GVA)
51% X%
power
50
CO2 Emissions (MtCO2, 2008)
45%
35% 600
38% 44%
34% 46%
43%
40 500
54%
63%
30 400
300
20
31%
200
10
100
0 0
North Wales Yorkshire N. East Mids North West South Scotland East UK South Greater 37
East & Ireland West Mids West England Average East London
38. Industry is partly insulated against the carbon price,
until at least 2020, but competitiveness will be
increasingly eroded.
Total value at risk, EU ETS Phase III: (2012-20): £2.5 Bn
Total Annual Exposure to EU ETS: £306 M/yr
14
£285 M/yr
12 7 Installations Purchase - auction or market
Free allocation
Annual emissions (MtCO2/yr)
10
Outside scope of EU ETS
8 £12 M/yr
2 Installations
6
£7 M/yr
13 Installations
4
£2 M/yr £0 M/yr
6 Installations 6 Installations
2 (1 Food & drink)
(5 petroleum)
0
Power Iron & Steel Chemicals Others Biomass/Biofuels
Sectors
38
39. Vision of Tees Valley stakeholders – onshore cluster
connected by a transmission pipeline to an offshore
storage site.
39
41. Cashflow for pipeline developer
NPV Expenditure Revenue
£250
£200
£150
£100
£50
/£million
£-
Value
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Year
-£50
-£100
-£150
-£200
-£250
-£300
Undiscounted cashflow profile for
41
a large network
42. Tees Valley possesses a number of sources closely clustered.
An onshore network is relatively straightforward to
finance (<US$100m) but how should the offshore
transmission pipeline be sized?
42
43. Because of economies of scale in pipelines, a single large
offshore pipeline provides the least cost if all users
connect, but requires upfront cost for over-sizing.
43
45. The costs can be put in the context of the value of
businesses to the UK economy.
Total GVA at risk, EU ETS Phase III (2012-20): £5.4 Bn
Total Annual GVA at risk: £672 M/yr
500
£433 M/yr
450 3,885 Jobs
400
Gross value added (£M/yr)
350
300
250
200
£121 M/yr
150 2,000 Jobs
100 £59 M/yr
£21 M/yr £38 M/yr 330 Jobs
50 170 Jobs 535 Jobs
0
Power Iron & Steel Chemicals Others Biomass/Biofuels
Sectors
45
46. CO2 pipeline network designs can be compared on
multiple key performance indicators.
Need to make
assumptions as to
growth in utilisation
over time.
46
47. Illustrative dependence of project net present value
on the average charge to users of a network.
£500
Large
Medium
NPV after 20 years operation
£300
Small
£100
Anchor
£2.00 £4.00 £6.00 £8.00 £10.00 £12.00 £14.00
-£100
-£300
-£500
Cost of service (£/tCO2)
47
48. Pipeline economics are sensitive to multiple factors.
Best and worse case can drive pipeline tariffs from £0/t to
>£100/t CO2. (N.B. current CO2 prices in the ETS are 7 48
Eur/t)
49. Through discounted cashflow analysis it is possible
to quantify the impacts of underutilisation over
network or pipeline profitability.
Government is well
placed to determine
policy certainty, which
impacts relevance of
different finance options.
49
50. Certainty on CCS adoption depends on source of
finance.
16% 15%
less than one
14% year acceptable
12% 10%
Discount rate (%)
4 years time possible
10%
8% 5%
11 years lag
possible
6%
4%
2%
0%
0 5 10 15
Maximum years for other emitters to join after anchor
50
52. Risk profile for future-proofed transport network
Regulatory and policy risks
Technical and operating risks
Economic and market risks
Operational start-up from anchor project(s)
Commercial risk profile
Investment in non-anchor
Capture technology demonstrated
capture plant
Build onshore network Non-anchor sources connect
Anchor project capture
CCS chain demonstrated
plant
Storage site integrity
Offshore (over-sized) demonstrated
pipeline
EOR revenues
Anchor closes out
financing tariff revenues
Contract negotiations
between parties Project returns
Permitting & Site closure
FEED studies planning
FID for anchor & oversized pipeline Liability transfer
Storage site assessments
Storage site
Pipeline routes monitoring
Selection for support
Design Development Construction Operation & Maintenance Decommissioning
Project timeline
52
53. Possible organisation to deliver a future-proofed
transport network
REGULATORY ISSUES
EU support
(NER 300)
UK Government support Capture permits; pipeline
Project selection RoW; storage & EOR
and fund permits; long-term liability
disbursement
CCS demo support CCS Levy
CCS Levy, CO2 price floors CO2 price floors
Initial MoU agreements
Lenders Anchor project(s) Additional capture Lenders
sources Loan
Loan
agreements agreements
Onshore network
owner/operator
Tariff arrangements
Equity & cost recovery
Contractors Technical entry arrangements Contractors
specifications
Turnkey contract Turnkey contract
agreements agreements
Equity & cost CO2 supply and off-take
Equipment procurement Equipment procurement
recovery agreements
agreements agreements
arrangements
Performance
Performance Offshore pipeline guarantees
guarantees SPV
Equipment suppliers Equipment suppliers
Insurance CO2 storage Insurance
policy EOR operator(s) policy
operator(s)
CO2 off-take agreements
Insurers Insurers
53
54. Conclusions: A vicious circle of limited investment
and uncertainty could restrict the development of
CCS transport systems.
Limited operational experience and significant interdependencies for large scale
CCS systems create significant uncertainties in the potential capacities,
locations, timings and costs.
Therefore policymakers and wider stakeholders are reluctant to provide now the
support that would underpin large scale CCS deployment in 2030.
But, optimised transport and storage infrastructure has long lead times and
requires investment and the support and organisation of diverse stakeholders.
Currently, insufficient economic or regulatory incentives to justify the additional
costs of CCS, and uncertain legal and regulatory frameworks (particularly for
storage) further limit commercial interest from potential first movers.
Efficient and timely investment in transport infrastructure requires :
much more certainty in the locations, capacities, timing and regulations for
storage, and
robust and sufficient economic and regulatory frameworks for capture.
54
55. Thank you for your attention.
Feedback welcome to
Harsh.Pershad@element-energy.co.uk
01223 852 496
55